外研版中考英語總復(fù)習(xí)冠詞專練

中考一輪專題復(fù)習(xí)之冠詞不定冠詞詞詞不定冠詞詞詞定冠詞冠詞定冠詞冠詞零冠詞零冠詞理解冠詞的基本用法。名詞是禿子，常要戴帽子，可數(shù)名詞單，須用a或an，輔音前用a，an在元音前，若為特指時(shí)，則須用定冠，復(fù)數(shù)不可數(shù)，泛指the不見，碰到代詞時(shí)，冠詞均不現(xiàn)?！?、冠詞的定義冠詞是虛詞,本身不能單獨(dú)使用,也沒有詞義,它用在名詞的前面,幫助指明名詞的含義。冠詞可以說是名詞的一種標(biāo)志，它不能離開名詞而獨(dú)立存在。表示的名詞數(shù)量或者特征。二、不定冠詞不定冠詞a/an的區(qū)別：an用于元音音素開頭的單詞前（傳統(tǒng)記憶）先記普遍，再記特殊。【例題1】用冠詞a,an填空______hour______Europeancountry______“b”______“s”______orange______unusualstory______island_______newbike_______e-mail_______importantinvention_______usefulbook______NBAplayer______eight-year-oldgirl______honestpersona和an均用在單數(shù)名詞之前，表示某一類人或事物。Tomisahard-workingstudent．湯姆是個(gè)勤奮的學(xué)生。KateisanEnglishteacher．凱特是個(gè)英語老師。泛指某人或某物，但不具體說明何人或何物。Astudentwantstoseeyou．有個(gè)學(xué)生想見你。表示“每一”的意思，相當(dāng)于every。Takethemedicinethreetimesaday．這種藥每天吃三次。第一次提到某人或某物時(shí),用不定冠詞a或an起介紹作用。Sheisanewstudent.她是一名新生。表示數(shù)量“一”的概念,但沒有one強(qiáng).Theystayedinaverylargeroom.他們待在一個(gè)很大的房間里。用在一些固定搭配里：haveacold感冒haveafever發(fā)燒haveatry嘗試haveatalk談話have/takearest休息have/takeaseat就座haveabreak/rest休息一下have/takeaninterestin…對(duì)……感興趣takeachance冒險(xiǎn)makeapromise許諾makealiving謀生asaresult結(jié)果asaresultof…由于allofasudden突然awasteof…浪費(fèi)asamatteroffact事實(shí)上inaword總而言之inahurry匆忙地onceinawhile偶爾；有時(shí)onceuponatime很久以前haveagoodtime過的開心；玩的愉快23）adayortwo一兩天25)forawhile一會(huì)兒keepaneyeon…照看；留意；密切24）anhourandahalf一個(gè)半小時(shí)【例題2】1.HanMeimeiisaChinesegirlandLucyisEnglishgirl.A.a;aB.an;anC.a;anD.an;a2.Thereis________“u”and________“n”intheword“usual”.A．a(chǎn);an B．a(chǎn)n;a C．a(chǎn)n;an D．a(chǎn);a3.boyinblackishighschoolstudent.A.An;aB.An;/C.The;anD.The;a4.Nowheisartist.Ihaveknownhimsincehewasone-year-oldboy.a;anB.a;aC.an;anD.an;a—Yourcatisreally________cleveranimal.—Yes,andIthinkitis________cleverestanimalintheworld.A．the;the B．a(chǎn);a C．the;a D．a(chǎn);the6.—Whatdidyoudolastnight,Bob?—FirstIdidmyhomework,andthenIplayed____pianoforhalf___hour.A．the；a B．/；an C．the；an D．a(chǎn)；the7.Inordertofind___betterjob,mysisterdecidedtostudy__secondforeignlanguage（第二門外語）.A．the;a B．a(chǎn);a C．the;the8.—Howlongdoesittakeustogotoyourhometownfromhere?—Ittakesus________hourtogotomyhometownby________train.A．a(chǎn)n;a B．a(chǎn)n;/ C．a(chǎn)n;the D．a(chǎn);/9.Shewasdrivingatmorethan120km________hour.A．／ B．a(chǎn) C．a(chǎn)n D．the10.—Howmanytimeshaveyoubeentothatoldpeople’shome?—Twice.Iwillgotherefor_______timenextweekend.Thoseoldpeoplereallyneedourloveandcare.A．thirdB．a(chǎn)thirdC．thethird【注意2】當(dāng)名詞被其他詞修飾時(shí),應(yīng)注意不定冠詞a或an的位置:1.當(dāng)名詞被such,half,what,many等修飾時(shí),不定冠詞要放在這些詞之后。2.當(dāng)單數(shù)名詞前面的形容詞前有so,how,too等詞時(shí),不定冠詞應(yīng)放在形容詞之后?！纠}3】Heleftin________thatheforgottoclosethedoor.soahurryB.suchahurryC.sohurryD.suchhurryIttookme_______towritetheletter.anhalfhourB.anhourhalfC.halfanhourD.ahourhalf_______interestingbookitis!How B.WhatC.HowanD.WhatanManyaman______gonetobigcitiesforwork.haveB.hasC.isD.are5.Shewas________girlthatshetooktheblindmantothestation.sonicea B.soaniceC.suchniceaD.asonice6.______niceafilmthisis!HowB.WhatC.HowaD.Whata二、定冠詞the的用法特指雙熟悉，上文已提及；世上獨(dú)無二，序數(shù)最高級(jí)；家人代樂器，形分類人一。1.特指某(些)人或某(些)事物BeijingisthecapitalofChina．2.指雙方都熟悉的或上文提到過的人或事物。Openthedoor，please．3.表示世界上獨(dú)一無二的事物。Thesunisbiggerthanthemoon．4.用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級(jí)之前。ShanghaiisthebiggestcityinChina．5.用在某些形容詞之前，表示某一類人或事物。Thenurseiskindtothesick．6.用在姓氏復(fù)數(shù)之前，表示“某某一家人”，“某某夫婦”TheBrownshavebeeninChinaforovertwoyears．7.用在一些固定搭配里面。inthemorning/afternoon/eveninginthesun在陽光下inthesameway同樣inthedaytime白天ontheotherhand另一方面onthecontrary相反intheend最后;allthetime一直;atthesametime同時(shí);bytheway順便說一下;intheopenair在戶外;attheageof在歲時(shí);atthebeginningof在開始時(shí);ontheothersideof在的另一邊Inthemiddleof在中間;atthemoment現(xiàn)在taketheplaceof代替...allovertheworld全世界【例題4】1.ladyinblackisourEnglishteacher.A.AB.TheC.AnD./2.oldladyinbrownisuniversityprofessor.A.An;aB.An;/C.The;anD.The;a3.Icanseealittlewhitesheepinthefield.sheepisNancy’s.A.AB.TheC.AnD./4.Chinaisoneofoldestcountriesinworld.A.the;theB.the;/C.a;aD.an;the5．—What______awfulweatheritis!—Yes,butIlove______airafteritrains.Itsmellssofresh.A．the;anB．a(chǎn)n;theC．/;theD．a(chǎn)n;/三、零冠詞的用法1.名詞前已有作定語用的this，that，my，your，whose，some，any，no，each，every等代詞時(shí)，不用冠詞。Thatismycup．Ihavesomequestions．Godownthisstreet．2.某些專有名詞、抽象名詞和物質(zhì)名詞前一般不用冠詞。China，Canada，Japanese，glass，water，love...3.三餐的名稱前，球類活動(dòng)，學(xué)科和節(jié)目名詞前，常不用冠詞。Ihavelunchathome．4.復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示一類人或事物時(shí)，不用冠詞。Theyareworkers．5.節(jié)日、季節(jié)、星期、月份前。Christmas,Children’sDay,spring,Monday,March.6.表示學(xué)科、語種speakEnglish/Japanese7.稱呼語前不用冠詞，表示頭銜和職務(wù)的名詞前也不加冠詞。Idon’tfeelwelltoday，Mother．BushWasmadepresidentoftheU．S．A．8.在某些固定詞組里，名詞之前常不用冠詞。byair坐飛機(jī)atnight 在晚上athome 在家onfoot步行dayandnight日日夜夜;facetoface面對(duì)面;atnoon/night/dawn在中午/晚上/黎明atfirst起初；首先atleast至少atmost至多；最多atpresent目前；當(dāng)前incommon共同的；共有的inuse在使用中insurprise驚訝的makeroomfor…給……騰地方makeuseof利用takepartin參加inpublic公開地；當(dāng)眾indanger在危險(xiǎn)中infavorof支持incaseof以防inorder整齊；井然有序；狀況良好intime及時(shí)inneedof需求,需要inotherwords換句話說introuble在危險(xiǎn)中onsale廉價(jià)出售；打折促銷beonfire著火forexample例如payattentionto..注意frommorningtillnight 從早到晚【例題5】1.trainsarefasterthanbuses.A./;/B.The;/C./;theD.The;a2.Morecollegegraduatedwouldliketoworkinwestpartofourcountrynextyear.A.the;theB./;/C./;theD.the;/3.ThescientistsfromUnitedStatesliveinNinthStreet.A.the;theB./;theC./;/D.the;/4.Grandpawasinhospital.Fatherwenttohospitaltotakecareofhim.A.the;theB./;theC.the;/D./;/四、【易混】1.單數(shù)名詞前加定冠詞、不定冠詞,復(fù)數(shù)名詞前不加冠詞都可以表示“一類”。Ahorseisausefulanimal.Thehorseisausefulanimal.馬是一種有用的動(dòng)物。Horsesareusefulanimals.序數(shù)詞前面用定冠詞與用不定冠詞的區(qū)別“the+序數(shù)詞”表示“第幾”;“a+序數(shù)詞(first除外)”表示“又一,再一”。Thisisthesecondtimeithashappened.這已是第二次發(fā)生了。TheyhaveasecondhomeinBeijing.他們?cè)诒本┻€有一個(gè)家。典型例題1.Cindyis_____amazingsinger.Shehaslotsoffans.A.aB.anC.theD./2.Ourlifeisgettingbetterandbetterin_____21stcentury.A.aB.anD.theD./3._____Brownswerehavingdinnerwhenthetelephonerang.A.AB.AnC.TheD./4.Thereis_____localshopforpeopletobuydailythingsinthesmallvillage.A.aB.anC.theD./5.Whatshallwehaveforsupper?Ibought_____bigfishat_____onlymarketnearmyoffice.A.a;aB.a;theC.the;/D.the,the6.Jennygoestoschoolonfoot.Ittakesherabouthalf_____hourtogetthere.A.anB.aC.theD./7.Don’ttalktoSimonlikethat.Heisjust_____eleven-year-oldboy.A.aB.anC.theD./8.Lily,open_____door,please.I’mcoming.A.aB.anC.theD./9.Mysistercanplay_____violinverywell.A.theB.aC./10.Lily’smotheris_____teacherinaschool.A.aB.anC.theD./11.You’vedropped_____〝s〞intheword〝necessary〞.Oh,_____letter〝s〞isdoubled.A.a;aB.a;theC.an;theD.the;the12.Maryhas_____e-dictionary.Shegotitfromheruncle.A.aB.anC.theD./13.Wecanhave_____bluerskyifwecreate_____lesspollutedworld.A.a;aB.a;theC.the;aD.the;the14.Jennyis_____American.Sheworksin_____companyinChinanow.A.an;aB.an;theC.a;an15.Therearesixtyminutesin_____hour.A.aB.anC.the16.Mike,couldyoucomeandgiveme_____hand?Ok,Mum.I’mcomingnow.A.aB.anC.theD./17.Sandyoftentakesherdogfor_____walkaroundthelakeaftersupper.A.aB.anC.theD./18.Howabout_____talentshow?Ishouldsayitwas_____greatsuccess.A./;the B.a;theC.the;aD.the;/19.Haveyoufound_____addressthatyouwanted?Yes.It’sMr.Wang268@163.com.A.aB.anC.theD./20.Ireallylike_____bookyoulentmeyesterday.A.aB.anC.theD./21.Wecansee_____fullmoonontheeveningofAugust_____15theveryyear.A.the;aB.a;aC.a;theD.the;the22.Wheremayyouadvisemetostartmybusiness?Inmyopinion,Yichangis_____oneof_____bestplacesforyou.A.the;theB./;theC.the;/D./;/23.We’dbettergetreadyforthedinnernowbecause_____Greensarecomingtovisitustonight.A.aB.anC.theD./24.Doyouplay_____pianoinyourfreetime?No,Ilikesports.Ioftenplay_____soccerwithmyfriends.A./;theB.the;/C.the;theD.a;a25.Willyougetthereby_____train?No,I’lltake_____taxi.A./;aB.a;theC./;/D.the;a26.Maryhasabadcold.Shehastostayin_____bed.A.aB./C.the27.Areyou_____AmericanorEnglish?English.WeareworkinginWuhu.A.aB./C.theD.an28.Avatarissuch_____wonderfulsciencefictionmoviethatIwanttoseeit_____secondtime.A.a;aB.a;theC./;theD./;a29._____warmideasuddenlycametomethatImightuse_____pocketmoneytobuyagiftformyfatheronFather’sDay.A.A;theB.The;theC.The;/D./;the29.Bytheway,haveyougot_____e-mailaddress?Oh,yes.itisswimonland@.A.aB.anC.theD./30.Eric,whatwouldyouliketobewhenyougrowup?_____actorlikeJackieChan.A.TheB.AC.AnD./31.Who’s_____youngmanwithlonghair?He’safriendofmine.A.aB.theC.anD.his32.WhydoyoulikeMary?Becausesheis_____honestgirl.A.aB.anC.the33.Jacklikesplaying_____soccer,buthedoesn’tlikeplaying_____piano.A./;/B.the;/C.the;theD./;the34.There’s_____800-metre-longroadbehind_____hospital.A.an;anB.a;aC.an;theD.a;the35.Howdoyougoto_____work?Iusuallytake_____bus.A.the;aB./;aC.a;aD.the;/復(fù)習(xí)鞏固1.Iam_____Chinesegirl.Lucyis_____Englishgirl.Wearefriends.A.a;aB.an;anC.a;anD.an;a2.Thismorninghecameto_____schoolon_____foot.A./;theB.a;/C.the;aD./;/3.Thereis_____〝o〞in_____word〝box〞.A.a;theB.a;anC.an;theD.a;a4.Afterwatching_____TV,sheplayed_____violinforanhour.A./;/B.the;theC.the;/D./;the5.Ilike_____colorofyourskirt.I’llbuy_____blouselikethiscolor.A.a;theB.a;aC.the;aD.the;the6.Linda’smotheralwaysletherhave_____bedwhenshewasababy.A.breakfastinB.thebreakfastintheC.thebreakfastinD.breakfastinthe7.Whatcoloris_____orange?It’s_____orange.A.an;anB.an;theC.an;/D./;an8._____usuallygoshoppingeverySunday.A.TheWhiteB.AWhiteC.WhitesD.TheWhites9._____newschoolisbeingbuilton_____HainanIsland.A.The;aB.A;/C.A;theD.An;an10.______YellowRiveris_____secondlongestriverinChina.A.The;theB./;aC.The;aD.The;/11.Weshoulddomorethingsfor_____.A.oldB.theoldC.anoldD.theolds12.Youlookinhighspirits.Youmusthave_____duringyourholiday.A.goodtimeB.agoodtimeC.thegoodtimeD.somegoodtime13.Father’sDaycomeson_____thirdSundayin_____June.A.the;/B.the;aC./;theD.a;/14.XiaoMinglearnedEnglishwithforeignfriendsonlineeveryday;_____hewenttocollegeinAmerica.A.inanendB.attheendC.intheendD.inend15.Tian’anmenSquareand_____GreatWallaretwooftheplaceseveryoneshouldseein_____People’sRepublicofChina.A.the;theB./;/C.the;/D./;the16.Luckily!Theseyearsmybirthdayalwaysfalls_____.A.ontheSundayB.onaSundayC.onSundayD.ataSunday17.Thisisoneof_____interestingstoriesIhaveheard.A.themostB.themostoftheC.mostD.mostofthe18.Whichrunsfaster,_____mouseor_____cat?A.a;theB.an;aC.a;aD.an;the19.Thisis_____whichiscollectedbeforethefirstraininSpring.A.oneteaB.ateaC.theteaD.thattea20.We’veneverseen_____filmbefore.It’sveryinteresting.A.soagoodB.asogoodC.asuchgoodD.suchagood21.Ihavelearnedhowtosend_____e-mailletterwithpicture.A.aB.anC./D.these22.What_____usefuldictionary!And_____dictionaryisboughtinTianheBookstore.A.an;aB.a;aC.a;theD.the;the23.Therearesixtyminutesin_____hour.A.anB.aC.theD./24.Pleasepayattentiontoyourspelling.You’vedropped_____〝M〞here.A.theB.anC.aD./25.Sallylikesplaying_____basketballandIamgoodatplaying_____piano.A./;theB.the;/C.an;theD.the;a26.Whatwouldyoulikefor_____breakfast,Mr.Green?Twopiecesofbreadand_____cupoftea,please.A.a;aB.a;theC./;aD./;the27.Weareplanning_____one-daytrip._____tripmustbefun.Ithink.A.a;TheB.an;TheC.the;AD.the;The28.IlikeChinatown.It’s_____goodplacetodoshopping.A.aB.anC.theD./29.Theyaregoingtohave_____dinnerwith_____Greenstomorrowevening.A.a;theB.the;theC./;/D./;the30.Mycousinissuch_____honestmanthatallofusliketogetonwithhim.A.aB.anC.theD./31.Therewillbe_____interviewbetweenthemanagerandhisassistantsthisafternoon.A.anB.aC.theD./32.Thecakeisdelicious