南京中醫(yī)藥大學第一臨床醫(yī)學院汪受傳

WelcomeALL!

To

ALookintoD-STARBasics

RonMilionePh.D.W2TAP

Introductionto

D-STAR********DIGITALSMARTTECHNOLOGYFORAMATEURRADIOBriefhistoryof

D-StarAugust,2003 FirstID1’spurchasedDecember,2003 “ICOMDays”atTexasTowersRP1RepeatersysteminstalledfordemoFirstD-StarrepeaterincountryFebruary,2005 Installationoffirst2InternetGatewaysDayton,2005 RP2/ID1PromotionfromICOMDayton,2006 ReleaseofRP2000V,RP4000V

FRRLandNSRCinstallationeffortsbeginFebruary,2007FRRL

joinsGatewaynetworkassystem#12Dayton,2007D-STARHomebrewradio,DongleannouncedOctober,2007 ConsolidatedD-STARNetworkNovember,2007100thGatewaysystemandover2,000usersGrowththrough

October,2007WhatisD-STAR?D-STAR1200MhzstartedwiththeID-1WhatisD-STAR?D-STAR1200MhzstartedwiththeID-1

D-STARisactuallyTwodifferentmodesWideDIGITALDATADD–125KhzNarrowDIGITALVOICEDV-6.25KhzNarrowDVmodealsohas1200BaudincludedTheID-1alsohastraditionalNBFMcapabilityWhatisD-STAR?D-STAR440and144MhzONEmodeDVNarrowDIGITALVOICEDV-6.25KhzNarrowDVmodealsohas1200BaudincludedbutthiscapabilityisdifferentthantheHighSpeedDigitalDataavailablefor1200MhzWideDIGITALDATADD–125Khzistoowideforuseon2metersandisnotavailablefor440WhatisD-STAR?D-STAR440and144MhzDVDIGITALVOICEThisDIGITALVOICEmodeiswhatthemajorityofusthinkofwhenwerefertoas“D-STAR“DVisthe4800baud0.5GMSKmode

WewillcomebacktothetopicofhighspeedDIGITALDATAorDDD-Star.TheDDorHighspeedwidemodeis128Kb/sWhatisD-STARTheradioemissionis0.5GMSKGaussianMinimumShiftKeying4800BauddatarateoftheradiochannelIncludesvoiceencodedat2400BaudrateIncludesaddressing(callsigns)forroutingIncludesFEC–forwarderrorcorrection990BaudIncludes1200BauddigitaldatapayloadD-STAR

SpectralEfficiencyD-STARBasicsHowisD-StarSimilartoFMOperation?SimilartoFMChannelizedfrequenciesbyconventionRangeisabout15–20%morethanFMOperationisonVHF/UHF

MobileandPortableoperationPowerlevels5-50wattsnormalActualcoveragedependsonterrainDemodulatorscanreceiveonlyonesignalatatime,thereisacaptureeffectatplaySimilartoFMEverystationcandemodulateallD-StartransmissionsNothingis“scrambled“AstationwhichpresentsaproperlyformattedsignaltoarepeaterinputwillberepeatedUserregistrationisonlyrequiredforgatewayoperation,notfornormalrepeateruseA“double”willcauselossofintelligibilityD-STARBasicsHowisD-StarDifferentfromFMOperation?DifferentfromFMTheD-Starformatcombines2400BAUDVOICESTREAM1200BAUDSLOWDATASTREAM900BAUDForwardErrorCorrection–FECRoutinginformationintheformofFOURCALLSIGNSTHEORIGINATIONMYCALLe.g.W2TAPTHEDESTINATIONURCALLe.g.WA2CDLTHEFIRSTROUTINGRPTC1THENEXTROUTINGRPTC2DifferentfromFMTheD-StarformatcombinesAdditionalIDontheMYCALLof4charactersTheMYCALLwilllooklike“W2TAP___/Ron_”The“/Ron_”portionisnotusedforrouting15Charactertransmittedusermessageseparatefromthe1200BauddatastreamGPSNEMAcodeLat/LonginformationICOM2820hasoptionalinternalGPS-RxICOMIC-92ADhasoptionalGPS-RxinmicrophoneIC-91ADandID-800canbefedNEMA-0184streamfromstandardGPSreceiverDifferentfromFM

FOURCALLSIGNS

THEORIGINATIONMYCALLe.g.W2TAPTHEDESTINATIONURCALLe.g.WA2CDLTHEFIRSTROUTINGRPTC1THENEXTROUTINGRPTC2Thecallsignis7characterslongThe8thpositionofthecalldenotesthePORTforrepeatersystemsItisDifferentfromFMHowdowegettheCALLSIGNS

intotheradio?

FrontPanelProgrammingPushtheMenu/LockButtonWhentheDigitalBoardUT-121isinstalledORiftheIC-91wasanIC-91ADwhenitwasmanufacturedTHENthetopMenuwillread“CALLSIGN“selectingthischoicewillthendisplaytheCALLSIGNmenuFrontPanelProgrammingTONavigatetheMENUusetheup/downandleft/rightarrowkeysWhenEDITINGafield,thecharactertobechangedwillbeaflashingBLOCK….thecharactercanbechangedwiththeup/down(2&8keys)ORwiththeuppersmallfrequencyselectorknob,navigationintheeditingfieldismanipulatedwiththeleft/right(4&6keys).Atanytimetheeditingiscomplete–theRETURN(#5)keycanbepressedINSTANTProgrammingINSTANTProgrammingDifferentfromFM

CALLSIGNS

Thestation’scallisupto7CharacterslongBydefinitiontheMYCALLmustbethelegalcallsignoftheoriginatingstationThe8thCharacterofacallsignisthePORTofaD-StarRepeaterThePortsarebyconventionAis1200MhzorBLANKisroutedasan“A”Bis440MhzCis144Mhz

GistheGATEWAYCOMPUTER

useonlyinRPTC2

DifferentfromFM

FOURCALLSIGNS

ForlocalsimplexOperationTHEORIGINATIONMYCALLW2TAPTHEDESTINATIONURCALLCQCQCQTHEFIRSTROUTINGRPTC1notusedTHENEXTROUTINGRPTC2notusedThecallsignis7characterslongThe8thpositionofthecalldenotesthePORTforrepeatersystemsD-STARBasicsRoutingWhatisRouting?WhatisRouting?GatewaysystemIsacomputerrunningLinuxthatinterfacestherepeatercontrollertothedistantD-Dstarrepeater’sgateway.Thegatewaysystemfunctionsasaspecializedrouterforthe4800baudD-StardatastreamsWhatisRouting?GatewaysystemAsingleGatewaysystemservesallrepeater“ports”withinoneD-StarsystemD-starsystemsusuallyhave144,440and1200MhzDV–DigitalVoiceSystems.Thegatewaywillalsoroutehighspeeddatatoandfromthe

DD-HighSpeedDigitalDataSystemsatthe128kb/sdatarate!!!W2KPQFRRLSelden,NY

Shownforexampleonlynotrealistic!BlueBox–WRT-54GLinuxPC–GatewayD-StarController2MeterDVRepeater440MhzDVRepeaterCavities&DuplexerHowisTrafficrouted?GatewaysystemAssociatestheuser’scallsignwithadiscreteIPnumberwithinthegatewaysystemAccomplishedbyuserregistrationAssociatesdistantrepeatercallsignswithdiscreteIPnumberwithinthesystemAssignedwhenthegatewaysystemiscommissionedHowisTrafficrouted?GatewaysystemTheIPnumbersusedinroutingareNEVERneededbeyondtheinnerworkingsofthegatewaysystemAllthatisneededaretheCALLSIGNSwhichareavailabletotheuser’s“frontpanel”GatewayRoutingGatewaysystemTrackseachuser’scallsignlastlocationRoutestrafficforthatusertothelastknownrepeaterandportWhatisRouting?TwoRoutingMethodsSiteRoutingWhereyouwanttotalkSpecificSystem/GatewayandPortUserRoutingWhoyouwanttotalkSpecificUserSiteRoutingCallsignoftheSystemW2TAP:Huntington,NYW2KPQ:Selden,NYW4DOC:Atlanta,GAK6MDD:Mt.Diablo,CAN7IH:Bellevue,WA(ICOMAmericaHQ)G7ICM:ICOMUKVK8RAD:Darwin,AustraliaCallsignProgrammingMYCALL=W2TAPRPT1=W2KPQ---BRPT2=K6MDD---GURCALL=/VK8RADBResultsMycallwouldberoutedfromtheW2KPQrepeater,overthegateway,andcomeoutontheUHFmoduleinDarwinAustraliaUserRoutingCallsignoftheSystemW2TAP:Batavia,ILK5TIT:Dallas,TXW4DOC:Atlanta,GAK6MDD:Mt.Diablo,CAN7IH:Bellevue,WA(ICOMAmericaHQ)G7ICM:ICOMUKVK8RAD:Darwin,AustraliaCallsignProgrammingMYCALL=W2TAPRPT1=W9CEQ---BRPT2=W9CEQ---GURCALL=N5MIJResultsW9XA’svoiceanddatacommunicationswouldberoutedfromtheN7IHrepeater,overthegateway,andcomeoutonthelastRFmoduleN5MIJusedinDallas,TXUserRoutingHOWDOYOUKNOWWHEREWA2CDLis?://UserRoutingHOWDOYOUKNOWWHEREW2TAPis?://UserRouting(FunStuff)UserCallsignsW2TAP:Huntington,N.Y.KJ4VO:Atlanta,GAW4OZK:Huntsville,ALK6BIV:Mt.Diablo,CAN9JA:Bellevue,WAVK8HF:Darwin,AustraliaCallsignProgrammingMYCALL=W2TAPRPT1=W9CEQ---BRPT2=W9CEQ---GURCALL=N5MIJThenURCALL=KJ4VOThen

URCALL=K6BIVThen

URCALL=VH8HFGoalTotalktoasmanyD-STARusersaspossible.ResultBothVoiceandDataCommunicationsroutedtotheappropriaterecipient!Note–the1200bauddatastreamiscarriedalongwiththevoicepayload………RoutewiththesystemcontrollerCallsignProgrammingMYCALL=W2TAPRPT1=NS9RC---BRPT2=NS9RC---AURCALL=CQCQCQGoalTotalktofriendsonanotherband,samesystem.ResultBothVoiceandDataCommunicationsroutedtoNS9RCPortA,whichis120