考研考博-英語(yǔ)-云南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解1

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-云南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Ittookalotofimaginationtocomeupwithsuchan（）plan.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inherent

B.ingenious

C.infectious

D.indulgent

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。inherent“內(nèi)在的,固有的,與生倶來(lái)的”;ingenious“有獨(dú)創(chuàng)性的,機(jī)靈的”;infectious“傳染的,傳染性的”;indulgent“放縱的,寬容的”。句意:想出這樣一個(gè)巧妙的計(jì)劃需要很大的想象力。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

2.單選題

Theriverisalready（

）itsbanksbecauseofexcessiverainfall;andthecityisthreatenedwithalikelyflood.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.parallelto

B.levelin

C.flaton

D.flushwith

【答案】D

【解析】短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:由于降雨過(guò)多，河水己經(jīng)（

）到河床，整座城市有可能受到洪水威脅。parallelto:與…平行;levelin:相等;flaton:平躺;flushwith:與…齊平。因此D項(xiàng)符合句意。

3.單選題

Inthepastfewyears,reformershaveembracedadisarminglysimpleideaforfixingschools;Whynotactuallyflunkthosestudentswhodon’tearnpassinggrades?BothDemocratsandRepublicanshavebegunattackingthepracticeof“socialpromotion”--shuttlingbadstudentstothenextgrade,advancingthemwithpeerseveniftheyarefailing.MakeFtrulymeanfailure,themovementsays.

LastweekinLosAngeles,thereformerslearnedjusthowornery,thecurrentsystemcanbe.AccordingtoaplanreleasedTuesdaybytheL.A.schooldistrict,endingsocialpromotiontherewilltakeatleastfouryears,couldcosthundredsofmillionsofdollars—andprobablywouldrequireflunkingabouthalfthedistrict’sstudents.That’sapessimisticassessment,butit’snotjustbureaucrats’caterwauling.Rather,L.AschoolsuperintendentRubenZacariaswasaneagerconverttothecrusadeagainstsocialpromotion.InFebruaryheunveiledanambitiousplantoendunwarrantedpromotionsinfivegradesduringthe1999-2000schoolyear~afullyearaheadofthetimetablesetbyastatelaw.

Atthetime,Zacariasacknowledgedthathisgoalwouldbehardtomeet.Heestimatedthatasmanyas6ofevery10studentswouldflunkiftheyhadtoadvanceonmerit.Zacariaswantedtospend$140millioninthefirstyearalonetohelpthesekids.Whysomuch?Becauseamountainofresearchshowsthatendingsocialpromotiondoesn’twork.IfitjustmeansmoreFs.Kidswhoaresimplyforcedtorepeatgradesoverandoverusuallydon’timproveacademicallyandoftendropout.Zacariaswantedmoretutoring,summerschoolandintensivelearningclasses.Unqualifiedstudentswouldn’trisetothenextgrade;norwouldtheybedoomedtoredoworktheyalreadyfailed.Itwasaforward-lookingplanthatZacarias,70,didn’thavetheclouttoenact.Hewasn’tpopularenough—theschoolboardrecentlyboughtouthiscontractafterabitterpowerstruggle—butevenfellowreformersthinkhisplanwastoomuch,toosoon.Saysboardmember.DavidTokofsky:“You’vegottheunionswhowanttheirsay.And,ofcourse,there’sthefacilitiesissue:Wheredoyousendalltheseeighth-gradersifyoucan’tsendthemtohighschool?”Thedistrictnowsaysitwillstopadvancinglow-achievingstudentsonlyintwogrades(secondandeighth),anditwillbeginnextyear.

LosAngelesisn’ttheonlyplacethathasrunintoroadblockswhiletryingtoendsocialpromotion.InNewYorkCity,someadvocateshavesaidinlawsuitsthatparentsweren’tnotifiedearlyenoughthattheirkidswereflunking.AndinChicago,whichledthenationontheissue,aparents’grouphasfiledcivilrightscomplaintsallegingthatthepromotioncrackdownholdsbackadisproportionatenumberofblackandLatinokids.

Still,thewaronsocialpromotioncouldhaveonesalutaryconsequence:ifeveryschooldistricttakesL.A.’sapproach,strugglingstudentswillgetalotmoreteachinghelp,notjustakickintherearastheyfinishanotherunproductiveschoolyear.

1.“Socialpromotion”is（）.

2.Educationofficialsgivethereformprospectapessimisticassessmentbecause（）.

3.ThewritermentionedthecaseofZacamastoshowthat（）.

4.Itseemsthattheeffortatendingsocialpromotion（）.

5.Towardtheproposalofendingsocialpromotion,theauthor’sattitudeseemstobe（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.asimpleideaforfixingschool

B.flunkingstudentswhodon’tearnpassinggrades

C.makingFmoreorlessmeaningless

D.apoliticalmovement

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.ittakestoolongtime,coststoomuchandmayproduceundesirableresult

B.thereisnofeasibleplanyet

C.itinvolvestoomanystudents

D.itisnotapprovedbystatelegislature

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.endingsocialpromotiondoesn’twork

B.schoolsdonothavetheabilitytoenacthisplan.

C.planslikehisaretooambitious

D.it’shardtoreachagreementontheissueofendingsocialpromotion

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.isconfrontingalotofresistance

B.hasprovedfruitless

C.haslittlehopeofsuccess

D.doesmoreharmthangood

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.pessimistic

B.optimistic

C.objective

D.biased

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知,“socialpromotion”指即使成績(jī)差的學(xué)生考試不及格,還是會(huì)把他們送進(jìn)下一年級(jí),讓他們與同齡人一起進(jìn)步。而改革者們認(rèn)為要讓“F”真正意味著失敗,很顯然socialpromotion使“F”失去了原本的意義,所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

2.根據(jù)第二段的二三句,結(jié)束該學(xué)區(qū)的社會(huì)推廣活動(dòng)至少需要四年時(shí)間,可能會(huì)花費(fèi)數(shù)億美元,而且可能需要該學(xué)區(qū)約一半的學(xué)生不及格。這是一個(gè)悲觀的估計(jì)選項(xiàng)A花費(fèi)時(shí)間長(zhǎng),成本高,可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生不良的后果與原文表述一致,所以正確。

3.根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知,大量的研究表明,停止社會(huì)推廣是行不通的。但是Zacarias的計(jì)劃由于他在董事會(huì)的失利以及其他改革者的反對(duì)而失敗了,作者其實(shí)是想表明,停止“社會(huì)促進(jìn)”很難達(dá)成統(tǒng)一的意見(jiàn)所以才會(huì)失敗。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

4.根據(jù)第四段第一句“LosAngelesisn’ttheonlyplacethathasrunintoroadblockswhiletryingtoendsocialpromotion.”洛杉磯并不是唯一一個(gè)在試圖結(jié)束“社會(huì)促進(jìn)”時(shí)遇到障礙的地方。所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

5.根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Still,thewaronsocialpromotioncouldhaveonesalutaryconsequence...”盡管如此,“社會(huì)促進(jìn)”的斗爭(zhēng)可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生一個(gè)有益的結(jié)果...由此可知,作者的態(tài)度是積極的,選項(xiàng)B正確。

4.單選題

Passage1Themedicalworldisgraduallyrealizingthatthequalityoftheenvironmentinhospitalsmayplayasignificantroleintheprocessofrecoveryfromillness.

AspartofanationwideeffortinBritaintobringartoutofthegalleriesandintopublicplaces,someofthecountry’smosttalentedartistshavebeencalledintotransformolderhospitalsandtosoftenthehardedgesofmodernbuildings.Ofthe2,500NationalHealthServicehospitalsinBritain,almost100nowhavesignificantcollectionsofcontemporaryartincorridors,waitingareasandtreatmentrooms.

Theserecentinitiativesoweagreatdealtooneartist,PeterSenior,whosetuphisstudioataManchesterhospitalinnortheasternEnglandduringtheearly1970.Hefelttheartisthadlosthisplaceinmodernsociety,andthatartshouldbeenjoyedbyawideraudience.

Atypicalhospitalwaitingroommighthaveasmanyas5000visitorseachweek.Whatabetterplacetoholdregularexhibitionsofart?Seniorheldthefirstexhibitionofhisownpaintingsintheout-patientswaitingareaoftheManchesterRoyalHospitalin1975.BelievedtobeBritain’sfirsthospitalartist,Seniorwassomuchindemandthathewassoonjoinedbyateamofsixyoungartschoolgraduates.

Theeffectisstriking.Nowinthecorridorsandwaitingroomsthevisitorexperiencesafullviewoffreshcolors,playfulimagesandrestfulcourtyards.

Thequalityoftheenvironmentmayreducetheneedforexpensivedrugswhenapatientisrecoveringfromanillness.Astudyhasshownthatpatientswhohadaviewontoagardenneededhalfthenumberofstrongpainkillerscomparedwithpatientswhohadnoviewatalloronlyabrickwalltolookat.

21.Accordingtothepassage,“tosoftenthehardedgesofmodernbuildings”means______.

22.WhatcanwesayofPeterSenior?

23.AccordingtoPeterSenior,______.

24.Aftertheimprovementofthehospitalenvironment,______.

25.ThefactthatsixyoungartschoolgraduatesjoinedPetershowsthat______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.topulldownhospitalbuildings

B.todecoratehospitalswithartcollections

C.toimprovethequalityoftreatmentinhospitals

D.tomakethecornersofhospitalsbuildingsround

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Heisapioneerinintroducingartintohospitals.

B.Heisadoctorinterestedinpainting.

C.Heisanartistwhohasalargecollectionofpaintings.

D.Heisafaithfulfollowerofhospitalart.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.artislosingitsaudienceinmodernsociety

B.artgalleriesshouldbechangedintohospitals

C.patientsshouldbeencouragedtolearnpainting

D.artshouldbeencouragedinBritishhospitals

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.patientsnolongerneeddrugsintheirrecovery

B.patientsarenolongerwhollydependentonexpensivedrugs

C.patientsneedgood-qualitydrugsintheirrecovery

D.patientsusefewerpainkillersintheirrecovery

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Peter’senterpriseisdevelopinggreatly

B.PeterSeniorenjoysgreatpopularity

C.theyaretalentedhospitalartists

D.theroleofhospitalenvironmentisbeingrecognized

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】21.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

21.Accordingtothepassage,“tosoftenthehardedgesofmodernbuildings”means______.21.根據(jù)這篇文章，“軟化現(xiàn)代建筑的硬邊”意味著______。

A.topulldownhospitalbuildingsA.拆除醫(yī)院建筑

B.todecoratehospitalswithartcollectionsB.用藝術(shù)收藏品裝飾醫(yī)院

C.toimprovethequalityoftreatmentinhospitalsC.提高醫(yī)院的治療質(zhì)量

D.tomakethecornersofhospitalsbuildingsroundD.使醫(yī)院建筑的角落成為圓形

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】語(yǔ)義推測(cè)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至第二段第一句“作為英國(guó)全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)將藝術(shù)帶出畫(huà)廊、帶到公共場(chǎng)所的努力的一部分，英國(guó)一些最有才華的藝術(shù)家被請(qǐng)來(lái)改造舊醫(yī)院，并軟化現(xiàn)代建筑的硬邊”，從中理解可知，軟化現(xiàn)代建筑的硬邊是將藝術(shù)帶出畫(huà)廊、帶到公共場(chǎng)所的努力的一部分，也就是說(shuō)“軟化現(xiàn)代建筑的硬邊”意味著讓藝術(shù)家用藝術(shù)品來(lái)裝飾醫(yī)院，故B項(xiàng)“用藝術(shù)收藏品裝飾醫(yī)院”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“拆除醫(yī)院建筑”和D項(xiàng)“使醫(yī)院建筑的角落成為圓形”原文都沒(méi)有依據(jù)，這兩項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

C項(xiàng)“提高醫(yī)院的治療質(zhì)量”是藝術(shù)改變醫(yī)院的環(huán)境質(zhì)量的結(jié)果，而不是“軟化現(xiàn)代建筑的硬邊”的隱含內(nèi)容，該項(xiàng)屬于張冠李戴。

22.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

22.WhatcanwesayofPeterSenior?22.我們對(duì)彼得知道一些什么呢？

A.Heisapioneerinintroducingartintohospitals.A.他是把藝術(shù)引入醫(yī)院的先驅(qū)。

B.Heisadoctorinterestedinpainting.B.他是一個(gè)對(duì)繪畫(huà)感興趣的醫(yī)生。

C.Heisanartistwhohasalargecollectionofpaintings.C.他是一位收藏了大量繪畫(huà)作品的藝術(shù)家。

D.Heisafaithfulfollowerofhospitalart.D.他是醫(yī)院藝術(shù)的忠實(shí)追隨者。

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第三段第一句“這些最近的創(chuàng)想在很大程度上要?dú)w功于一位藝術(shù)家彼得，他在1970年早期在英格蘭東北部的曼徹斯特醫(yī)院建立了自己的工作室”和第四段最后一句“彼得被認(rèn)為是英國(guó)第一個(gè)醫(yī)院藝術(shù)家（Britain’sfirsthospitalartist）……”理解可知，彼得是第一個(gè)把藝術(shù)引入醫(yī)院的藝術(shù)家，所以A項(xiàng)“他是把藝術(shù)引入醫(yī)院的先驅(qū)”符合原文，故該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B項(xiàng)“他是一個(gè)對(duì)繪畫(huà)感興趣的醫(yī)生”，原文交代了彼得是一位藝術(shù)家，該項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文；

C項(xiàng)“他是一位收藏了大量繪畫(huà)作品的藝術(shù)家”在原文沒(méi)有提及，該項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

D項(xiàng)“他是醫(yī)院藝術(shù)的忠實(shí)追隨者”，原文第三段最后一句只提到“他（彼得）覺(jué)得藝術(shù)家已經(jīng)失去了在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的地位，藝術(shù)應(yīng)該被更廣泛的觀眾所欣賞”，并沒(méi)有說(shuō)明彼得是醫(yī)院藝術(shù)的忠實(shí)追隨者，該項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文。

23.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

23.AccordingtoPeterSenior,______.23.根據(jù)彼得的說(shuō)法，______。

A.artislosingitsaudienceinmodernsocietyA.在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)，藝術(shù)正在失去它的觀眾

B.artgalleriesshouldbechangedintohospitalsB.美術(shù)館應(yīng)該改成醫(yī)院

C.patientsshouldbeencouragedtolearnpaintingC.應(yīng)該鼓勵(lì)病人學(xué)習(xí)繪畫(huà)

D.artshouldbeencouragedinBritishhospitalsD.英國(guó)醫(yī)院應(yīng)該鼓勵(lì)藝術(shù)

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第三段最后一句“他（彼得）覺(jué)得藝術(shù)家已經(jīng)失去了在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的地位，藝術(shù)應(yīng)該被更廣泛的觀眾所欣賞”可知，彼得認(rèn)為藝術(shù)家在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)失去地位，而藝術(shù)本應(yīng)該被更多的觀眾欣賞，也就是說(shuō)現(xiàn)代社會(huì)中的藝術(shù)正在失去它的觀眾，故該題選擇A項(xiàng)“在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)，藝術(shù)正在失去它的觀眾”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B項(xiàng)“美術(shù)館應(yīng)該改成醫(yī)院”，彼得沒(méi)有這樣認(rèn)為，該項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

C項(xiàng)“應(yīng)該鼓勵(lì)病人學(xué)習(xí)繪畫(huà)”和D項(xiàng)“英國(guó)醫(yī)院應(yīng)該鼓勵(lì)藝術(shù)”文中也都沒(méi)有提到，這兩項(xiàng)也屬于無(wú)中生有。

24.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

24.Aftertheimprovementofthehospitalenvironment,______.24.經(jīng)過(guò)醫(yī)院環(huán)境的改善，______。

A.patientsnolongerneeddrugsintheirrecoveryA.病人在恢復(fù)期不再需要藥物

B.patientsarenolongerwhollydependentonexpensivedrugsB.病人不再完全依賴昂貴的藥物

C.patientsneedgood-qualitydrugsintheirrecoveryC.病人在康復(fù)過(guò)程中需要高質(zhì)量的藥物

D.patientsusefewerpainkillersintheirrecoveryD.患者在康復(fù)過(guò)程中使用較少的止痛藥

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容“當(dāng)病人從疾病中恢復(fù)時(shí)，環(huán)境質(zhì)量可能會(huì)減少對(duì)昂貴藥物的需求。一項(xiàng)研究表明，能看到花園的病人需要的強(qiáng)效止痛藥的數(shù)量是那些看不到花園或只能看到一堵磚墻的病人的一半?！崩斫饪芍?，經(jīng)過(guò)醫(yī)院環(huán)境的改善，病人在康復(fù)過(guò)程中對(duì)止痛藥的需求減少了，D項(xiàng)“患者在康復(fù)過(guò)程中使用較少的止痛藥”符合原文，故該題選擇D項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“病人在恢復(fù)期不再需要藥物”，病人只是減少了對(duì)藥物的需求，并非不再需要，該項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文；

B項(xiàng)“病人不再完全依賴昂貴的藥物”，病人減少對(duì)昂貴藥物的需求，該項(xiàng)也屬于曲解原文；

C項(xiàng)“病人在康復(fù)過(guò)程中需要高質(zhì)量的藥物”文中沒(méi)有提及，該項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有。

25.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

25.ThefactthatsixyoungartschoolgraduatesjoinedPetershowsthat______.25.六名年輕的藝術(shù)學(xué)校畢業(yè)生加入彼得的行列，表明______。

A.Peter’senterpriseisdevelopinggreatlyA.彼得的事業(yè)發(fā)展迅速

B.PeterSeniorenjoysgreatpopularityB.彼得很受歡迎

C.theyaretalentedhospitalartistsC.他們是有才華的醫(yī)院藝術(shù)家

D.theroleofhospitalenvironmentisbeingrecognizedD.醫(yī)院環(huán)境的作用正在被認(rèn)識(shí)

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至第四段最后一句“彼得被認(rèn)為是英國(guó)第一個(gè)醫(yī)院藝術(shù)家，他非常受歡迎，很快就有六個(gè)年輕的藝術(shù)學(xué)校畢業(yè)生加入了他的團(tuán)隊(duì)”，此前提到“彼得在曼徹斯特皇家醫(yī)院的門診候診室舉辦了他自己的第一次畫(huà)展”，而根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，在醫(yī)院舉辦畫(huà)展的原因是改造醫(yī)院環(huán)境，而第五段第一句提到“其效果是顯著的”，可知在醫(yī)院辦畫(huà)展效果很好，這與第一段“醫(yī)學(xué)界逐漸認(rèn)識(shí)到，醫(yī)院的環(huán)境質(zhì)量在病人康復(fù)過(guò)程中可能發(fā)揮重要作用”相對(duì)應(yīng)，所以推斷，六名年輕的藝術(shù)畢業(yè)生加入彼得的行業(yè)，表明醫(yī)院環(huán)境的作用正在被大家認(rèn)識(shí)到，故該題選擇D項(xiàng)“醫(yī)院環(huán)境的作用正在被認(rèn)識(shí)”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“彼得的事業(yè)發(fā)展迅速”和C項(xiàng)“他們是有才華的醫(yī)院藝術(shù)家”文中沒(méi)有提及，這兩項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有；

B項(xiàng)“彼得很受歡迎”，在原文是指在醫(yī)院舉辦藝術(shù)展覽受到歡迎，與題干無(wú)關(guān)，該項(xiàng)屬于出處錯(cuò)位。

5.填空題

Thechemical（）（fertile）iswidelyusedintheruralarea.

【答案】fertilizer

【解析】放在形容詞后，故用名詞形式。

6.單選題

Inmakingacopyofoneselforsomefamousperson,aparentisdeliberatelyspecifyingthewayheorshewishesthatchildtodevelop.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.frivolously

B.conspicuously

C.obsessively

D.intentionally

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.frivolously輕浮地；愚昧地B.conspicuously顯著地；明顯地

C.obsessively過(guò)分地；著迷地D.intentionally故意地；有意地

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】副詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句意：在復(fù)制自己或某個(gè)名人的時(shí)候，父母是在故意指定他或她希望孩子發(fā)展的方式。劃線詞deliberately意為“故意地”，選項(xiàng)D與之意思相近，因此選D。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C選項(xiàng)均不符合句意。

【句意】在復(fù)制自己或某個(gè)名人的時(shí)候，父母是在故意指定他或她希望孩子發(fā)展的方式。

7.單選題

Duringtheadolescence,thedevelopmentofpoliticalideologybecomesapparentintheindividual;ideologyhereisdefinedasthepresenceofroughlyconsistentattitudes,moreorlessorganizedinreferencetoamoreencompassing,thoughperhapstacit,setofgeneralprinciples.Assuch,politicalideologyisdimorabsentatthebeginningofadolescence.Itsacquisitionbytheadolescent,ineventhemostmodestsense,requirestheacquisitionofrelativelysophisticatedcognitiveskills:theabilitytomanageabstractness,tosynthesizeandgeneralize,toimaginethefuture.Thesearcaccompaniedbyasteadyadvanceintheabilitytounderstandprinciples.

Thechild’srapidacquisitionofpoliticalknowledgealsopromotesthegrowthofpoliticalideologyduringadolescence.ByknowledgeImeanmorethanthedreary“facts”,suchasthecompositionofcountygovernment,thatthechildisexposedtointheconventionalninth-gradecivicscourse.NordoImeanonlyinformationoncurrentpoliticalrealities.Thesearefacetsofknowledge,buttheyarelesscriticalthantheadolescent’sabsorption,oftenunwitting,ofafeelingforthosemanyunspokenassumptionsaboutthepoliticalsystemthatcomprisethecommongroundofunderstanding,forexample,whatthestatecan“appropriately”demandofitscitizens,andviceversa,orthe“proper”relationshipofgovernmenttosubsidiarysocialinstitutions,suchastheschoolsandchurches.Thus,politicalknowledgeistheawarenessofsocialassumptionsandrelationshipsaswellasofobjectivefacts.Muchofthenaivetethatcharacterizestheyoungeradolescent’sgraspofpoliticsstemsnotfromanignoranceof“facts”butfromanincompletecomprehensionofthecommonconventionsofthesystem,ofwhatisandnotcustomarilydone,andofhowandwhyitisorisnotdone.

YetIdonotwanttooveremphasizethesignificanceofincreasedpoliticalknowledgeinformingadolescentideology.OvertheyearsIhavebecomeprogressivelydisenchantedaboutthecentralityofsuchknowledgeandhavecometobelievethatmuchcurrentworkinpoliticalsocialization,byrelyingtooheavilyonitsapparentacquisition,hasbeenmisledaboutthetempoofpoliticalunderstandinginadolescence.Justasyoungchildrencancountmembersinserieswithoutgraspingtheprincipleofordination,youngadolescentsmayhaveintheirheadsmanyrandombitsofpoliticalinformationwithoutasecureunderstandingofthoseconceptsthatwouldgiveorderandmeaningtotheinformation.

Likemagpies,children’smindspickupbitsandpiecesofdata.Ifyouencouragethem,theywilldroptheseatyourfeet—republicansandDemocrats,thetripartitedivisionofthefederalsystem,perhapseventhecapitalofMassachusetts.Butuntiltheadolescenthasgraspedtheencompassingfunctionthatconceptsandprinciplesprovide,thedataremainfragmented,random,disordered.

1.Theauthor’sprimarypurposeinthepassageisto（）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingcontributestothedevelopmentofpoliticalideologyduringadolescence?

3.Thepassagesuggeststhat,duringearlyadolescence,achildwouldfindwhichofthefollowingmostdifficulttounderstand?

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthorwouldbemostlikelytoagreewithwhichofthefollowingstatementaboutschools?

5.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizestheauthor’sevaluationoftheaccumulationofpoliticalknowledgebyadolescents?

6.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestdescribestheorganizationoftheauthor’sdiscussionoftheroleofpoliticalknowledgeintheformationofpoliticalideologyduringadolescence?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.explainwhyadolescentsaregenerallyuninterestedinpoliticalarguments

B.disputethetheorythatapoliticalideologycanbeacquiredduringadolescence

C.clarifythekindsofunderstandinganadolescentmusthaveinordertodevelopapoliticalideology

D.explainwhyanadolescent’spoliticalideologyusuallyappearsmoresophisticatedthanitactuallyis

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Consciousrecognitionbytheadolescentofhisorherownnaivete.

B.Thoroughcomprehensionoftheconceptofordination.

C.Rejectionofabstractreasoninginfavorofinvolvementwithpragmaticsituations.

D.Intuitiveunderstandingofrelationshipsamongvariouscomponentsofsociety.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Abookchroniclingthewaysinwhichthepresidentialinaugurationceremonyhaschangedovertheyears.

B.Adebateinwhichtheparticipantsargue,respectively,thatthefederalgovernmentshouldorshouldnotsupportprivateschools.

C.Asummaryoftherespectiveresponsibilitiesofthelegislative,executive,andjudicialbranchesofgovernment.

D.AnarticledetailingthespecificreligiousgroupsthatfoundedAmericancoloniesandtheguidingprinciplesofeachone.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theyshouldpresentpoliticalinformationaccordingtocarefullyplanned,schematicarrangements.

B.Theythemselvesconstitutepartofageneralsociopoliticalsystemthatadolescentsarelearningtounderstand.

C.Iftheyweretointroducepoliticalsubjectmatterintheprimarygrades,studentswouldunderstandcurrentpoliticalrealitiesatanearlierage.

D.Becausetheyaresubsidiarytogovernment,theircontributiontothepoliticalunderstandingofadolescentmustbelimited.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Itisunquestionablynecessary,butitssignificancecaneasilybeoverestimated.

B.Itisimportant,butnotasimportantasistheabilitytoappearknowledgeable.

C.Itdelaysthenecessityofconsideringunderlyingprinciples.

D.Itisprimarilyrelevanttoanunderstandingoflimited,localconcerns,suchascountrypolitics.

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.Heacknowledgesitsimportance,butthenmodifieshisinitialassertionofthatimportance.

B.Heconsistentlyresiststheideathatitisimportant,usingaseriesofexamplestosupporthisstand.

C.Hewaversinevaluatingitandfinallyusesanalogiestoexplainwhyheisindecisive.

D.Hecarefullyrefrainsfrommakinganinitialjudgmentaboutit,butlaterconfirmsitscriticalrole.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:A

第6題:A

【解析】1.作者意圖題。根據(jù)文章第二段第四句，“Thesearefacetsofknowledge,buttheyarelesscriticalthantheadolescent’sabsorption,oftenunwitting,ofafeelingforthosemanyunspokenassumptionsaboutthepoliticalsystemthatcomprisethecommongroundofunderstanding,forexample,whatthestatecan‘a(chǎn)ppropriately’demandofitscitizens,andviceversa,orthe‘proper’relationshipofgovernmenttosubsidiarysocialinstitutions,suchastheschoolsandchurches.”，這些都是知識(shí)的方面，但與青少年對(duì)政治體系中許多不言而喻的假設(shè)的理解相比，他們顯得沒(méi)那么關(guān)鍵，比如國(guó)家可以對(duì)公民提出什么適當(dāng)?shù)囊?，反之亦然，或者政府與附屬社會(huì)機(jī)構(gòu)（如學(xué)校和教堂）之間的適當(dāng)關(guān)系。可判斷出本文的主要內(nèi)容旨在闡明青少年必須具備哪些理解能力才能形成一種政治意識(shí)形態(tài)。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Thesearefacetsofknowledge,buttheyarelesscriticalthantheadolescent’sabsorption,oftenunwitting,ofafeelingforthosemanyunspokenassumptionsaboutthepoliticalsystemthatcomprisethecommongroundofunderstanding,forexample,whatthestatecan‘a(chǎn)ppropriately’demandofitscitizens,andviceversa,orthe‘proper’relationshipofgovernmenttosubsidiarysocialinstitutions,suchastheschoolsandchurches.”，這些都是知識(shí)的方面，但與青少年對(duì)政治體系中許多不言而喻的假設(shè)的理解相比，他們顯得沒(méi)那么關(guān)鍵，比如國(guó)家可以對(duì)公民提出什么適當(dāng)?shù)囊?，反之亦然，或者政府與附屬社會(huì)機(jī)構(gòu)（如學(xué)校和教堂）之間的適當(dāng)關(guān)系?？膳袛喑鰧?duì)社會(huì)各組成部分之間關(guān)系的直觀性理解才有利于青少年政治意識(shí)形態(tài)的形成。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Muchofthenaivetéthatcharacterizestheyoungeradolescent’sgraspofpoliticsstemsnotfromanignoranceof‘facts’butfromanincompletecomprehensionofthecommonconventionsofthesystem,ofwhatisandnotcustomarilydone,andofhowandwhyitisorisnotdone.”，青少年對(duì)政治的無(wú)知，在很大程度上并非源于對(duì)事實(shí)的無(wú)知，而是源于不完全理解共同的制度慣例、習(xí)慣上該做什么和不該做什么，以及這些事情該如何處理應(yīng)對(duì)，做與不做的原因何在。所以可以判斷出青少年對(duì)于應(yīng)該或不應(yīng)該做某事的決策的理解是最困難的。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Thesearefacetsofknowledge,buttheyarelesscriticalthantheadolescent’sabsorption,oftenunwitting,ofafeelingforthosemanyunspokenassumptionsaboutthepoliticalsystemthatcomprisethecommongroundofunderstanding,forexample,whatthestatecan‘a(chǎn)ppropriately’demandofitscitizens,andviceversa,orthe‘proper’relationshipofgovernmenttosubsidiarysocialinstitutions,suchastheschoolsandchurches.”，這些都是知識(shí)的方面，但與青少年對(duì)政治體系中許多不言而喻的假設(shè)的理解相比，他們顯得沒(méi)那么關(guān)鍵，比如國(guó)家可以對(duì)公民提出什么適當(dāng)?shù)囊?，反之亦然，或者政府與附屬社會(huì)機(jī)構(gòu)（如學(xué)校和教堂）之間的適當(dāng)關(guān)系?？膳袛喑鰧W(xué)校構(gòu)成了青少年正在學(xué)習(xí)理解的一般社會(huì)政治體系的一部分。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Thechild’srapidacquisitionofpoliticalknowledgealsopromotesthegrowthofpoliticalideologyduringadolescence.”，兒童對(duì)政治知識(shí)的快速習(xí)得可以促進(jìn)青少年時(shí)期政治意識(shí)形態(tài)的成長(zhǎng)。所以作者肯定政治知識(shí)對(duì)于青少年政治意思形態(tài)成長(zhǎng)的作用。又根據(jù)文章第三段，“YetIdonotwanttooveremphasizethesignificanceofincreasedpoliticalknowledgeinformingadolescentideology.”，作者不想過(guò)分強(qiáng)調(diào)增加政治知識(shí)對(duì)形成青少年意識(shí)形態(tài)的重要性?？膳袛喑鲈谧髡呖磥?lái)青少年對(duì)政治知識(shí)的積累無(wú)疑是必要的，但其重要性很容易被高估。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

6.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Thechild’srapidacquisitionofpoliticalknowledgealsopromotesthegrowthofpoliticalideologyduringadolescence.”，作者肯定政治知識(shí)對(duì)于青少年政治意識(shí)形態(tài)成長(zhǎng)的作用。又根據(jù)下文“Thesearefacetsofknowledge,buttheyarelesscriticalthantheadolescent’sabsorption,oftenunwitting,ofafeelingforthosemanyunspokenassumptionsaboutthepoliticalsystemthatcomprisethecommongroundofunderstanding...”，那些政治知識(shí)只是知識(shí)的方面，但與青少年對(duì)政治體系中許多不言而喻的假設(shè)的理解相比，他們顯得沒(méi)那么關(guān)鍵?？膳袛喑鲎髡邔?duì)于政治知識(shí)在青少年政治意識(shí)形態(tài)形成中的作用的觀點(diǎn)發(fā)生了轉(zhuǎn)變，一開(kāi)始承認(rèn)它的重要性，但隨后改變了他最初對(duì)其重要性的斷言。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

8.單選題

Peopleunderstresshaveperformed（

）featsofstrengthlikeliftinganautomobileoffanaccidentvictim.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.specific

B.extraordinary

C.abrupt

D.abnormal

【答案】B

【解析】考察形容詞詞義辨析。extraordinary“不平常的；非凡的”;specific“特有的，特種的”；abrupt“突然的，意外的”；abnormal“不正常的，反常的”。句意：人們?cè)谟袎毫Φ那闆r下表現(xiàn)出非凡的力量，比如把一輛汽車從交通事故的受害者身上搬開(kāi)。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

9.單選題

InAustria,wherefertilefarmlandislimited,crops（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.areonthesidesofmountainsoftengrown

B.oftenareonthesidesofmountainsgrown

C.aregrownonthesidesoftenofmountains

D.areoftengrownonthesidesofmountains

【答案】D

【解析】考查句型結(jié)構(gòu)辨析。often作為副詞修飾動(dòng)詞，因此可排除B選項(xiàng)、D選項(xiàng)。onthesidesofmountains，介詞短語(yǔ)充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)，應(yīng)當(dāng)放在句尾，所以排除A選項(xiàng)。句意：在奧地利，肥沃的農(nóng)田有限，農(nóng)作物通常種植在山的兩側(cè)。因此答案為D選項(xiàng)。

10.單選題

Iremember（

）thedoorbeforeIwenttobed.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.locking

B.tolock

C.tohavelocked

D.beinglocked

【答案】A

【解析】考查remember的用法?！皉emembertodosomething”記得要做某事卻沒(méi)做；“rememberdoingsomething”記得做過(guò)某事。句意：我記得睡之前鎖了門。如果B項(xiàng)正確，那么C項(xiàng)也對(duì)。D項(xiàng)是一種被動(dòng)的表達(dá)，排除。故答案A。

11.單選題

Thoughsheisn'tBritishbybirth,sheisaBritishcitizenby（）ofhermarriagetoanEnglishman.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.virtue

B.merit

C.approach

D.relation

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。byvirtueof為固定搭配,意為"由于,憑借"。句意：雖然她不是英國(guó)人,但由于她嫁給了英國(guó)人,所以她是英國(guó)公民。

12.單選題

Televisionhasbecomequiteavigorousactivity.Sittingupisexhaustingsomostpeople（）downwhilewatchingtelevision.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.lay

B.lie

C.lying

D.lied

【答案】B

【解析】形近詞辨析。根據(jù)句意可知這里應(yīng)填入動(dòng)詞且意為“躺”,首先排除選項(xiàng)A和C；句子時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

13.填空題

Directions:YouaregoingtoreadamagazinearticleaboutthemeparksinBritain.Forquestions34-40,choosefromthethemeparks(A-E).Thethemeparksmaybechosenmorethanonce.Thereisanexampleatthebeginning(0).Markyouranswersontheseparateanswersheet.

Ofwhichthemeparksarethefollowingstated?

Wehadnopreviousexperienceofplaceslikethis.(0)B

Thechildrenwereallyoungenoughtoenjoyit.(34)（）

Itwasgoodthatyoucouldfindsomewheretorest.(35)（）

Itwasmoreenjoyablethanwehadexpected.(36)（）

Thechildrendisagreedaboutwhatwasthemostfrighteningride.(37)（）

Thesurroundingsarenotparticularlyattractive.(38)（）

Wedidn’tmindhavingtowaittogoontherides.(39)（）

Oneoftheridesseemedtofinishveryquickly.(40)（）

VariationsonaTheme

Ifyou’rethinkingoftakingchildrentoathemepark,therearedozenstochoosefrominBritain.Weaskedfivefamiliestotestthebest.

A.FunIsland

JanandSteveBurnstookdaughterSamantha,3,andhercousinsGary,8,andJemma,10.

LastyearwewenttoahugethemeparkintheUSandwethoughtthatFunIslandmightseemdullbycomparison.Infact,wewereimpressed.Theparktrieshardtocaterforyoungerchildren,soourthree-year-olddidn’tfeelleftout.ThekidsalllovedtheCrocodileRideandtheGiantWheel.There’saspecialdodgemsridefortheveryyoungkids,whichwasagreatsuccess.Forolderchildren,therearescarierrides,suchasSplashOut,whereyouendupjumpinginapool!Afterfivehours,SteveandIwerereadytocallitaday,butthechildrenobjectedbecausetheywerehavingsuchfun.Ouronlycriticismwouldbethattheparkisslightlylackinginatmosphere,andthescenerylavessomethingtobedesired.Butthestaffareextremelyhelpfulandwefeltitwasclean,well-organizedandverysecurity-conscious.

B.Wonderland

MariaMcMillanandherfriendFrancestookOscar,18months,Ellie,4,Alex,5,andAlexander,6.

Noneofushadbeentoathemeparkbefore,sowedidn’tknowwhattoexpect.WethoughtOscarmightbetooyoung,butheadoredit.HewasinheavenontheMountainTrain,andparticularlylikedLittleLand,withitssmallreplicasoffamousbuildingsthatwereathislevel!Theolderchildrenenjoyedtheferriswheel,andloveddrivingthetoycarsonaproperroadlayout.Wespentsixhoursthereandweregladthattherewereplaceswhereyoucouldputyourfeetup.Thelandscapingisperfectandthestaffveryhelpfulandfriendly.Andthere’ssomethingforeveryone,adultsincluded.

C.AdventureWorld

TimJeffreeandhiswifeClaretookTimothy,3,Olivia,7,andEmma,9.

Aftersevenhourswefelttherewasstillalottosee.Thisisanenormousthemepark,extremelywellrunandfullofgoodrides.ThechildrenlovetheBigTopCircus,whichhadafantasticTrapezeactandkeptusontheedgeofourseats.WewentontheTerrorLineand,althoughthegirlswereratherscaredandkepttheireyesshutmostofthetime,theysaidthey’denjoyedit.TheirfavoriteridewasRunningRiverwhereyouthinkyouaregoingtogetsoaked,butyoudon’t.Foryoungerchildren,ToyLandisgreatfun.Thechildrenhadalookatthenewride,FearFactor,butwebreathedasighofreliefwhentheyfoundthattheyweretoosmalltogoonit!Theparkissowelldesignedthatevenqueuingforridesisn’ttooboring.It’sspotlesslyclean,andthestaffaregreat.OnonerideIcouldn’tsitwithbothgirls,soamemberof