考研考博-英語-中國醫(yī)科大學(xué)臨床醫(yī)藥學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-中國醫(yī)科大學(xué)臨床醫(yī)藥學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Youmayhaveseenthiswhenyoutriedtoopenanewbankorcreditcardaccountandyouwerepresentedwithsomemultiplechoicequestionsaskingyoutoverifywhereyougotyour（

）orcarloan.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.complication

B.revenue

C.mortgage

D.chasm

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)complication“并發(fā)癥；混亂；復(fù)雜化”；B選項(xiàng)revenue“稅收收入；收益”；C選項(xiàng)mortgage“抵押；按揭”；D選項(xiàng)chasm“峽谷；分歧”。句意：當(dāng)你嘗試開立一個(gè)新的銀行或信用卡賬戶時(shí)，你可能已經(jīng)看到了這一點(diǎn)。你會被問到一些選擇題，要求核實(shí)你的汽車貸款或……是從哪里來的。C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.單選題

“Youmustalwaysobeyyourleaders.’’Oh,Imust,（

）

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.mustn’tI

B.mustI

C.shouldn’tI

D.shouldI

【答案】B

【解析】句意:“你必須服從領(lǐng)導(dǎo)”。“噢，難道必須嗎？”

語法題。考查反義疑問句。反問用法(情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語)表示對說話對象的質(zhì)疑,反對,驚訝或反駁。

3.單選題

Shellfishgivethe（）appearanceofenjoyingapeacefulexistencealthoughinfactlifeisaconstantstruggleforthem.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.misled

B.deceptive

C.initial

D.understandable

【答案】B

【解析】句意：貝殼魚給人一種享受平靜生活的假象,但實(shí)際上它們的生活是一場不斷的斗爭。misled為動(dòng)詞,把...帶錯(cuò)方向,誤導(dǎo),放在此處不符合語法；deceptive迷惑的,虛偽的；initial最初的；understandable可以理解的。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

4.單選題

ThegeneticcharacteristicsofalllifeformsonearthareembodiedinthechemicalstructureofDNAmolecules.Anorganism’sDNAmoleculesprovideacompleteblueprintforitsphysicalmakeup.GeneticengineeringistheprocessofalteringtheDNAgeneticcodetochangethecharacteristicsofplantsandanimals.Throughtheprocess,scientistscanliterallybuildtoordernewlifeformsthatperformdesiredfunctions.Forhundredsofyears,humanshaveengineeredthedevelopmentoffoodcropsanddomesticatedanimalsthroughselectivebreedingpractices.Forexample,themoderndairycowistheresultofcenturiesofcarefullybreedingindividualanimalsthatcarriedthegenetictraitforhighmilkproduction.However,newtechnologymakesitpossible.ForscientiststorestructuretheDNAmoleculesthemselvesandthusobtainmorerapidandmoreradicalgeneticchangesthanwerepossibleinthepast.ThisnewprocessiscommonlycalledrecombinantDNAtechnologyorgenesplicingbecauseitinvolvesdisassemblingtheDNAmoleculeandthenrecombiningorsplicingthepiecesaccordingtoanewpattern.Thegene-splicedDNAmoleculemayhaveageneticcodethathasneverexistedbefore.

AlthoughrecombinantDNAtechnologyisstillinitsinfancy,ithasalreadydemonstrateditsvalue.Newcropbreedsproducedbythisprocessarealreadygrowinginfarmers’fields.Cropsthataregeneticallyengineeredtoresistpests,diseases,anddroughtcouldbeimportantineffortstoalleviatestarvationaroundtheworld.Scientistsaretryingtousegeneticengineeringtoproduceimportantdrugssuchasinsulin（胰島素）andinterferon（干擾素）cheaply.Theyarealsoworkingonageneticallyengineeredgenerationofwonderdrugstocombatcancerandotherkillerdiseases.However,therecombinantDNAtechnologybringswithitproblemsoursocietyhasnotpreviouslyfaced.Genesplicingcouldproducenewdiseasemicroorganisms,deadlytousortotheplantsandanimalsuponwhichwedepend.Thepossibilityofalteringhumangeneticstructureraisesseriousmoral,political,andsocialissues.Geneticengineeringillustratesdramaticallythepromisesanddangersoftechnologicaldevelopment.Thedecisionsoursocietymakesaboutgeneticengineeringwillundoubtedlyhavetremendousconsequencesintheyearstocome.

11.Thebesttitleforthispassageis_____.

12.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedaboutrecombinantDNAtechnology?

13.Theword“alleviate”(Para.2)isnearestinmeaningto_____.

14.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat_____.

15.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsgenetictechnologiesis_____.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.TheBasicFunctionofGeneticEngineering

B.NewApplicationsofGeneticEngineering

C.RecombinantDNATechnology,ANewProcessinGeneticEngineering

D.ThePromises&DangersofTechnologicalDevelopment

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Itcanbringaboutrapidandradicalgeneticchangesinlifeforms.

B.ItcanbeusedtorestructureDNAmoleculestoproducenewdesiredplantandanimalbreeds.

C.Itmayincreasetheriskofproducingsomeunexpecteddiseases.

D.Itprovesaneffectivewaytocurecancerandotherincurablediseases.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.relieve

B.avoid

C.eliminate

D.terminate

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.therewillinevitablybeaheateddebateoverthegeneralapplicationoftherecombinantDNAtechnology

B.theuseoftherecombinantDNAtechnologyonhumanbeingswillbeforbidden

C.therecombinantDNAtechnologycanbetracedbacktohundredsofyearsago

D.seriousdilemmasmaybegeneratedwhenitisusedtomodifyhumangeneticcode

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.enthusiastic

B.indifferent

C.critical

D.objective

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】11.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】主旨大意題。分析文章行文結(jié)構(gòu)，文章是總分結(jié)構(gòu)，第一段的中心句倒數(shù)第二句ThisnewprocessiscommonlycalledrecombinantDNAtechnologyorgenesplicing…“這種新進(jìn)展通常被稱為重組DNA技術(shù)或基因剪接”，由此可知，這里提到基因重組技術(shù)是科技發(fā)展的一種新進(jìn)展。第二段主要講的是這種新技術(shù)的優(yōu)勢和潛在的問題，由此可知答案選C選項(xiàng)“重組DNA技術(shù)，基因工程的新進(jìn)展”。

A選項(xiàng)“基因工程的基本功能”，這是文章第一段的主要內(nèi)容，這里屬于以偏概全。

B選項(xiàng)“基因工程的新應(yīng)用”，文章沒有提到基因工程拓展到了哪些領(lǐng)域，這里屬于無中生有。

D選項(xiàng)“技術(shù)發(fā)展的前景和危險(xiǎn)”，這是文章第二段的主要內(nèi)容，這里屬于以偏概全。

12.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

A選項(xiàng)“它能給生命形式帶來迅速而徹底的基因變化”，定位到第一段第七句話However,newtechnologymakesitpossible.ForscientiststorestructuretheDNAmoleculesthemselvesandthusobtainmorerapidandmoreradicalgeneticchangesthanwerepossibleinthepast“然而，新技術(shù)使之成為可能。使科學(xué)家能夠重組DNA分子本身，從而獲得比過去更快速、更徹底的基因變化”，從這里可知A選項(xiàng)正確，所以不選。

B選項(xiàng)“它可以用來重組DNA分子，以產(chǎn)生新的所需的植物和動(dòng)物品種”，定位到第一段第四句Throughtheprocess,scientistscanliterallybuildtoordernewlifeformsthatperformdesiredfunctions.（通過這個(gè)過程，科學(xué)家們真的可以建造新的生命形式來執(zhí)行所需的功能），從這里可知B選項(xiàng)正確，所以不選。

C選項(xiàng)“它可能會增加產(chǎn)生一些意想不到的疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”，定位到第二段倒數(shù)第四句話Genesplicingcouldproducenewdiseasemicroorganisms,deadlytousortotheplantsandanimalsuponwhichwedepend.“基因剪接可能產(chǎn)生新的致病微生物，對我們或我們所依賴的動(dòng)植物都是致命的”，從這里可知C選項(xiàng)正確，所以不選。

D選項(xiàng)“它被證明是治療癌癥和其他不治之癥的有效方法”，文章沒有提及，屬于無中生有，所以答案選D選項(xiàng)。

13.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】詞匯推斷題：第一步，句中前后信息銜接，定位到第二段第三句Cropsthataregeneticallyengineeredtoresistpests,diseases,anddroughtcouldbeimportantineffortstoalleviatestarvationaroundtheworld.“轉(zhuǎn)基因作物能夠抵抗害蟲、疾病和干旱，這對（）世界各地的饑餓具有重要意義”，作物抗蟲抗病抗旱會使產(chǎn)量增加，從而對世界饑餓起到緩解作用，所以答案選A選項(xiàng)“緩解，減輕”。

B選項(xiàng)“避免”，應(yīng)該是人想辦法避免饑餓主語應(yīng)該是人，但是句子的主語是轉(zhuǎn)基因作物，這里屬于反向干擾。

C選項(xiàng)“消滅”，消滅饑餓太過于絕對，饑餓問題不只是糧食產(chǎn)量造成的，戰(zhàn)亂或者貧窮都會造成饑餓，所以不能選C選項(xiàng)，這里屬于曲解原文。

D選項(xiàng)“終止”，D選項(xiàng)與C選項(xiàng)同義，根據(jù)C選項(xiàng)，D選項(xiàng)也不能選，這里屬于曲解原文。

14.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】判斷推理題。第一步，尋找句內(nèi)線索，定位到第二段倒數(shù)第三句話Thepossibilityofalteringhumangeneticstructureraisesseriousmoral,political,andsocialissues.（改變?nèi)祟惢蚪Y(jié)構(gòu)的可能性引發(fā)了嚴(yán)重的道德、政治和社會問題），第二步聯(lián)系上下文，上文講的是基因重組的好處。好處和壞處一起作用，自然會造成一種困境，所以答案選D選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)它被用來修改人類遺傳密碼時(shí)，可能會產(chǎn)生嚴(yán)重的困境”。

A選項(xiàng)“關(guān)于重組DNA技術(shù)的普遍應(yīng)用，必然會有激烈的爭論”，文章沒有提到重組DNA技術(shù)的普遍應(yīng)用，這里屬于無中生有。

B選項(xiàng)“在人類身上使用重組DNA技術(shù)將被禁止”，文章只是說用在人類身上會產(chǎn)生各種意想不到的社會倫理問題，但是沒有說問題嚴(yán)重到會因此而禁止使用，這里屬于過度推理。

C選修“重組DNA技術(shù)可以追溯到幾百年前”，定位到第一段第五句話和第七句話Forhundredsofyears,humanshaveengineeredthedevelopmentoffoodcropsanddomesticatedanimalsthroughselectivebreedingpractices…However,newtechnologymakesitpossible.“數(shù)百年來，人類通過選擇性育種實(shí)踐，設(shè)計(jì)了糧食作物和馴養(yǎng)動(dòng)物的發(fā)展……然而，新技術(shù)使之成為可能”，數(shù)百年前人類是通過選擇性育種的方式來達(dá)到自己想要的農(nóng)作物，但是新技術(shù)（重組DNA技術(shù)）的產(chǎn)生讓這個(gè)目的的達(dá)成變得更快了，所以不是數(shù)百年前就有了DNA重組技術(shù)，而是DNA重組技術(shù)替代了數(shù)百年前使用的方法，這是屬于張冠李戴。

15.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。第一步，精準(zhǔn)定位，定位到文章最后一二句話“Geneticengineeringillustratesdramaticallythepromisesanddangersoftechnologicaldevelopment.Thedecisionsoursocietymakesaboutgeneticengineeringwillundoubtedlyhavetremendousconsequenceinyearstocome”（基因工程戲劇性地說明了技術(shù)發(fā)展的前景和危險(xiǎn)。我們的社會對基因工程所做的決定無疑將在未來幾年產(chǎn)生巨大的影響），第二步，概括理解，作者在這里指出基因編輯有利有弊，然后指出我們做出的任何決定都會有很大的影響，這里的口吻是比較客觀的，所以答案選D選項(xiàng)“客觀的”。

A選項(xiàng)“熱情”，見正確選項(xiàng)解析，這里屬于反向干擾。

B選項(xiàng)“漠不關(guān)心”，見正確選項(xiàng)解析，這里屬于反向干擾。

C選項(xiàng)“批判的”，見正確選項(xiàng)解析，這里屬于反向干擾。

5.單選題

Workersinthefinearts（

）thoughtsandfeelingsthroughtheircreativeworks.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.transmit

B.elaborate

C.convey

D.contribute

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)transmit表示“傳輸”；B項(xiàng)elaborate表示“精心制作，詳細(xì)描述”；C項(xiàng)convey表示“傳達(dá)”；D項(xiàng)contribute表示“貢獻(xiàn)”。根據(jù)句意可知，精細(xì)工藝的工人通過有創(chuàng)造性的作品來思想和感情。因此，本題選擇C項(xiàng)最符合句意。

6.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Inforeigntransporttodaythemostpopularandcommonkindofpackingmaterialisfoam（泡沫）plastic.Beforeitscominginthe1950s,however,peopleusedwood,paper,spongeandcottonaswrappers.Woodandpaperwerenotresistibleenoughtointenseshocksthatwereinevitableduringlongdistancetransport;cottonandspongecosttoomuchtobewrappersforordinarygoodslikeglass,porcelainetc.Oftendelicategoodswereputinawoodentrunk;oneachsideandendtherewasalayerofsponge,everyindividualobjectthenwaswrappedbyathicklayerofpaperorcotton.Thiswasverysafeindeed,butthepackingandunpackingmeantagreatdealoflabourandawasteofalotofmoney.

Thearrivaloffoamplasticalmostbroughtarevolutiontotheworld’spackingindustry.Todayitaccountsforthreequartersofpackingmaterialsfordelicategoodswhilecottonandspongehavenearlywithdrawnfromthemodernstageofpackaging.Thisisnothingaccidental:foronethingitisascheapasdirtitself;onetonoffoamplastic,whichoccupiesaspaceofasmuchas1000m3,amountstoonlyUS$260.Itissofterthanwood,andharderthancottonandspongerandpaper,andthereforeamoresuitablewrapperfordelicategoods.Whatismore,itcanbeeasilyshapedbutitsshapeisunchangeablesothatdelicategoodslikecameraswiththeirintruding（外凸的）parts,musicalinstrumentswiththeirirregularshapesandextremedelicacycanbecompletelywrappedandwellprotectedinitwithoutadditionalfillings.Stillanotheradvantageisthatthefoamplasticwrappercanbeusedtosafeguardyourobjectsaslongasitlasts:YoubuyaTVsetinthesupermarket.Thefoamplasticwrapperprotectsitonthewaytoyourhome.Whenyoumovehometenyearslater,thesamewrappercanbepickedoutfromtheboxatthecornerofyourbarnandusedtosafeguardyourTVsettoyournewhome.

1.Whatkindofmaterialisfoamplastic?

2.Wheredidintenseshocksoftenoccur?

3.Whywerecottonandspongenotgoodwrappersforordinarygoods?

4.Whatwastheusualcontainerofdelicategoodsbefore?

5.Whyisfoamplasticsopopular?Thefollowingarethereasonsexcept?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thecheapest

B.Themostpopular

C.Thesafest

D.Thehardest

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Duringlongdistancetransport

B.Inawoodentrunk

C.Infreighttransporttoday

D.Inamessyshop

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Toosoft

B.Tooexpensive

C.Toocheap

D.Toohard

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Awoodentrunk

B.Alayerofsponge

C.Alayerofpaper

D.Alayerofplastic

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.itischeap

B.itsshapeisunchangeable

C.itcanbeusedformanytimestoprotectthesameobject

D.itisdirtitselfandcanbegoteverywhere

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由第一段第一句Inforeigntransporttodaythemostpopularandcommonkindofpackingmaterialisfoamplastic（在如今的國外運(yùn)輸中，泡沫塑料是最流行和最常見的包裝材料）可知，B選項(xiàng)“最受歡迎的”符合題意。

第2題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由第一段第三句Woodandpaperwerenotresistibleenoughtointenseshocksthatwereinevitableduringlongdistancetransport（木材和紙的抗沖擊能力不足以應(yīng)對長途運(yùn)輸中不可避免的強(qiáng)烈沖擊）可知長途運(yùn)輸中，強(qiáng)烈的沖擊是無法避免的，因此A選項(xiàng)“在長途運(yùn)輸中”符合題意。

第3題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由第一段第三句cottonandspongecosttoomuchtobewrappersforordinarygoodslikeglass,porcelainetc.（作為玻璃、瓷器等普通商品的包裝，棉花和海綿太貴了）可知，B選項(xiàng)“太昂貴了”符合題意。

第4題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題目為“以前通常用來裝精致物品的容器是什么”，關(guān)鍵詞是容器。由第一段第四句Oftendelicategoodswereputinawoodentrunk（精致的物品通常被裝在一個(gè)木箱里）可知A選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)木制的箱子”符合題意。

第5題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題目為“下列哪一項(xiàng)不是泡沫塑料受歡迎的原因”，由第二段第三句中的itisascheapasdirtitself（它像泥土一樣便宜）可排除A選項(xiàng)，同時(shí)也可推斷出D選項(xiàng)“它本身就是泥土，隨處可取”是文中沒有提及的，因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。由第二段第五句中的itsshapeisunchangeable（它的形狀是不變的）可排除B選項(xiàng)；由文章最后一句可知，同樣的電視包裝，10年后還可以繼續(xù)用來保護(hù)同一個(gè)電視，可以排除C選項(xiàng)“它可以被多次用來保護(hù)同一對象”。

7.單選題

There'sabuzzintheairattheElDiabloCoffeeCo.inSeattle,andit'snotjustcomingfromthearomaoftheshop'sCuban-stylecoffeedrinks.OnarecentWednesdayevening,asmostcustomerssatquietlyreadingbooksortappingawayontheirlaptopcomputers,about15peoplegatheredinacirclediscussingphilosophy.“Whatisawell-livedlife?”askedone,asthegroupenjoyedanintellectualhigh.

KnownasaSocratesCafe,thegroupatElDiabloisjustoneof150orsothatmeetincoffeeshops,bookstores,libraries,churchesandcommunitycentersacrossthecountry.FoundedbyChristopherPhillips,aformerjournalistandteacher,thecafesaredesignedtogetpeopletalkingaboutphilosophicalissues.UsingakindofSocraticmethod,theyencouragepeopletodeveloptheirviewsbyposingquestions,beingopentochallengesandconsideringalternativeanswers.AdheringtoSocrates’beliefthattheunexaminedlifeisnotworthliving,thecafesfocusonexchangingideas,notusingthemtopummelotherparticipants.

“Insteadofjustyellingbackandforth,wetakeafewstepsbackandexaminepeople'sunderlyingvalues.Peoplecanaskwhytotheirheart'scontent^’’saysPhilips,whosemostrecentbookSixQuestionsofSocrates,cameoutearlierthisyear.

Whileamodern-daydiscussiongroupbasedontheteachingsofathinkerfromthe5thcenturyB.C.mayseemweirdlyoutdated,SocratesCafeshavefoundasurprisinglylargeanddiversefollowing.“Peoplewhogetoffonideascometothis,”saysFredKorn,65,aretiredphilosophyprofessor,whoattendstheWednesday-nightmeetingsatElDiablo.“Outsideofcollege,there'renotalotofopportunitiestogettogetherwithpeoplewhowanttotalkaboutideas.”

ForPhilips,thedialoguegroupsareaboutmuchmorethangoodconversation.“It'sgrass-rootsdemocracy.”hesays.“It'sonlyinagroupsettingthatpeoplecanhashouttheirideasabouthowweshouldactnotjustasanindividualbutasasociety.”Toavoiddivisivedead-endarguments,thecafesfrequentlyturncurrenteventsintobroaderphilosophicalquestions.Forexample,insteadofarguingaboutwhethergaycouplesshouldmarry,agroupasked,“whatisanexcellentmarriage?”

WhilePhillipsbelievesthecafescanbenefitanyone,oneofhisfavoritegroupsischildren.Philosophyisimportantforkidsofallages,Philipsays,because“itgivesthemthisgreatchancetoshapetheirmoralcode,tofigureoutclearlywhotheyareandwhotheywanttobe...Thewholeideaisnotthatwehavetofindafinalanswer;it’sthatwekeepthinkingaboutthesethings.”O(jiān)nequestionatatime.

1.BydescribingthesceneoftheElDiabloCoffee,theauthorimpliesthat（）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,thediscussiongroupholdsthat（）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,SocratesCafesare（）.

4.Thediscussiongroupusuallyavoidstalkingaboutcurrenteventsinorderto（）.

5.Bymentioning“Onequestionatatime”inthelastsentence,theauthormeansthatchildrenshould

（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theElDiabloCoffeeisthefirstCafewherepeoplemeettodiscussphilosophy

B.discussiongroupsbasedontheteachingsofSocratesarerevivingatcafes

C.whenthinkingaboutthemeaningoflife,peopleoftenenjoyhighspirits

D.manypeopleenjoydiscussingphilosophy,especiallytheteachingsofSocrates

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.peopleshouldattackothers’views

B.peopleshouldchallengetheauthority

C.peopleshouldhelpothers

D.peopleshouldmeditateontheirlife

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.welcomedbyalargenumberofoverseasvisitors

B.consideredgoodplacestotalkaboutphilosophy

C.placeswherepeoplearefreetoaskallkindsofquestions

D.placeswherepeoplearefreetocriticizeothers’views

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.preventunsolvabledispute

B.wardofftendersubjects

C.studyphilosophicalquestions

D.focusongeneraltopics

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.askonequestionatatime

B.thinkaboutonequestionatatime

C.discussonequestionatatime

D.answeronequestionatatime

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“通過描繪咖啡店的場面，作者暗示了什么？”文章第四段第一句話提到“雖然一個(gè)以公元前5世紀(jì)思想家教義為基礎(chǔ)的現(xiàn)代討論組織可能古怪過時(shí)，但是蘇格拉底咖啡館卻意外地吸引了一大群形形色色的追隨者”（Whileamodern-daydiscussiongroupbasedontheteachingsofathinkerfromthe5thcenturyB.C.mayseemweirdlyoutdated,SocratesCafeshavefoundasurprisinglylargeanddiversefollowing），由此可知選項(xiàng)D“很多人喜歡討論哲學(xué)，尤其是蘇格拉底的教義”符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“根據(jù)文章可知，討論組織持有什么觀點(diǎn)？”文章第二段最后一句話提到“秉承蘇格拉底的信念，‘未經(jīng)審視的生活不值得過下去’，咖啡館專注于交換想法，而不是用它們來打擊其他參與者”（AdheringtoSocrates’beliefthattheunexaminedlifeisnotworthliving,thecafesfocusonexchangingideas,notusingthemtopummelotherparticipants），由此可知選項(xiàng)D“人們應(yīng)該沉思他們的生活”符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“根據(jù)文章可知，蘇格拉底咖啡是……”。文章第二段第二句話提到“咖啡館是由前記者兼教師Christopher創(chuàng)辦，旨在讓人們談?wù)撜軐W(xué)問題”（FoundedbyChristopherPhillips,aformerjournalistandteacher,thecafesaredesignedtogetpeopletalkingaboutphilosophicalissues），因此選項(xiàng)B“被認(rèn)為是一個(gè)談?wù)撜軐W(xué)的好去處”符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“討論組時(shí)常避免談?wù)摃r(shí)事是為了……”。文章第五段提到“為了避免陷入無休止的爭論，咖啡館經(jīng)常將時(shí)事轉(zhuǎn)變成更廣的哲學(xué)問題”（Toavoiddivisivedead-endarguments,thecafesfrequentlyturncurrenteventsintobroaderphilosophicalquestions），因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.推理判斷題。題目問的是“文章最后一行提到‘一次一個(gè)問題’，作者認(rèn)為孩子們應(yīng)該……”。文章最后一段提到這給他們（孩子們）一個(gè)很好的機(jī)會來塑造他們的道德準(zhǔn)則，弄清楚他們是誰，他們想成為誰。整個(gè)想法并不是說我們必須找到一個(gè)最終的答案，而是我們一直在想這些事情（Thewholeideaisnotthatwehavetofindafinalanswer;it'sthatwekeepthinkingaboutthesethings），隨后提出onequestionatatime，因此可知是“一次思考一個(gè)問題”，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

8.單選題

RadiostationsareproliferatingovertheInternet,somoreandmoreAmericanscanlistentohometownstations—eveniftheyliveinNomeorInMiami.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.roaming

B.transmitting

C.increasing

D.broadcasting

【答案】C

【解析】句意：無線電臺在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上激增，因此越來越多的美國人可以收聽家鄉(xiāng)電臺的節(jié)目——即使他們住在諾姆或邁阿密。proliferating意為“激增，大量生存產(chǎn)”。roaming漫步，閑逛；transmitting傳送，傳遞；increasing增加，增大；broadcasting廣播。選項(xiàng)C與之意思相近。

9.單選題

ForTonyBlair,theoutsideworldisaplaceofmoralcertainty.Therearegoodguysandbadguys,andwhatneedstobedoneisprettyclear.Home,bycontrast,isamessysortofplace,wheretheprimeminister’sjobisnottoupholdeternalvaluesbuttoforcethroughsomeunpopularchangesthatmaymakethecountryworkabitbetter.So,if,asBritaindispatches1,700marinestohelpfinishoffthebadguysinAfghanistan,Mr.Blaircutsamoreimpressivefigureabroadthanhedoesathome,itisnotsurprising.Mr.Blair’sgovernmentisatthatdangerousstage.

Theglossoflastyear’slandslide（政黨候選人的勝利）haswornoff;thenextelectionistoofarawaytofosterunityamongtheLaborPartyanditsallies;fightingthebattlesthatneedtobefoughtseemslikehardwork.NowonderMr.Blairisnotlookingsosteady.Theareawherethisismostobvious,andwhereitmattersmostisthepublicservices.Mr.Blairfacesadifficultyherewhichispartlyofhisownmaking.Byfocusinghislastelectioncampaignontheneedtoimprovehospitals,schools,transportandpolicing,hebuiltupexpectations.Andhehasbeenadmirablyfrankabouthowthatimprovementneedstobeachieved.AlazierandmorecynicalprimeministermighthaveblamedpastfailureonToryunderfunding,thrownsomemoremoneyattherelevantministriesandhopedforthebest.Mr.Blairhassaidmanytimesthosereformsinthewaythepublicservicesworkneedtogoalongsideincreasesincash.Thetroubleisthatpublicservicesare,forthemostpart,people—teachers,doctors,nurses,policemen—soreformingthemmeanschangingworkingpractices.Peopledon’tmuchlikehavingnewwaysofworkingforcedonthem,andtheirunionsseeresistingchangeastheirraisond’etre（存在的目的或理由）.Sothehardestpartofthegovernment’staskisgettingtheunionstoagreetochange.

Mr.Blairhasmadehistaskharderbycommittingaclassicnegotiationerror.Insteadofextractingconcessionsfromtheothersidebeforepromisinghisown,hehaspledgedhimselftohigherspendingonpublicserviceswithoutgettingacommitmenttochangefromtheunions.

Norareotherministriesconveyingquitethesamemessageasthetreasury.OnMarch19th,JohnHutton,ahealthminister,announcedthatcleanersandcateringstaffinnewprivatelyfundedhospitalsworkingfortheNationalHealthServicewillstillbegovernmentemployees,entitledtothesamepayandconditionsasotherhealthserviceworkers.Sinceoneofthemainwaysinwhichthegovernmenthopestoreformthepublicsectorisbyusingprivateproviders,andsinceoneofthemainwaysinwhichprivateprovidersarelikelytobeabletosavemoneyisbycuttinglaborcosts,thismoveseemstounderminethegovernment’sstrategy.

1.Asisdescribedinthefirstparagraph,TonyBlair’sgovernmentisstrikinglycharacterizedby（）.

2.TheBlair’sgovernmentislookingsouncertainintheareawhich（）.

3.Mr.Blair’sachievementsonreforms（）.

4.StrongoppositionisleveledagainstMr.Blair’sstrategybecausethegovernment（）.

5.Atthetimewhenthearticlewaswritten,thesituationinBritain’spublicservicesseemstobe（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.promptfulfillmentofitspromises

B.timelycoordinationwithotherdepartments

C.dedicationtotheefficiencyofadministration

D.involvementinadangerousstage

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.underliesthegovernmentstrategy

B.mattersmosttovoters

C.welcomeseasyconcessions

D.entitlesworkerstopensions

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.meettheexpectationsofgovernmentemployees

B.failtoliveuptohisremarksonelection

C.goesagainsttheinterestsofthepopulace

D.neglectsthesectionofpublicservices

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.wantstotakeadvantageofprivateproviders

B.pledgesitselftohigherspendingonhealthcare

C.assertsitsabsolutecontrolofthenation

D.hopestochangeworkingpractices

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.quiteencouraging

B.veryimpressive

C.ratherbleak

D.fairlypromising

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第一段最后一句提到“布萊爾先生的政府處在危險(xiǎn)中”（Mr.Blair’sgovernmentisatthatdangerousstage）,因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第二段第二句提到“布萊爾先生看起來并沒有想象中穩(wěn)定，而這種不穩(wěn)定主要是在公共服務(wù)中”（NowonderMr.Blairisnotlookingsosteady.Theareawherethisismostobvious,andwhereitmattersmostisthepublicservices），因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第二段提到布萊爾在選舉中將問題聚焦在提高醫(yī)院、學(xué)校、交通和政策上，為政府成員建立其期望。他的這種想法被其他人贊賞。（Byfocusinghislastelectioncampaignontheneedtoimprovehospitals,schools,transportandpolicing,hebuiltupexpectations），因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第二段提到改革意味著改變工作實(shí)踐,因此在改革這些公共服務(wù)人群的工作過程中會比較麻煩（thetroubleisthatpublicservicesare,forthemostpart,people–teachers,doctors,nurses,policemen–soreformingthemmeanschangingworkingpractices），選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

5.推理判斷題。從全文可以看出，英國當(dāng)時(shí)的公共服務(wù)是有待改革的，因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

10.單選題

Theteacherblamedhisstudentsforplayingpranksintheclassroom.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.tricks

B.nudes

C.cribs

D.quips

【答案】A

【解析】句意：老師責(zé)備他的學(xué)生在教室里搞惡作劇。pranks指“惡作劇”。tricks詭計(jì)，騙局；nudes肉色針織物；cribs嬰兒床，柵欄；quips妙語，諷刺語。選項(xiàng)A與之意思相近。

11.單選題

SanFranciscoclimbsandfallsovernumeroushills,whichprovide（

）viewsofthewidebayandtheGoldenGateBridge.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.flashy

B.transient

C.breathtaking

D.ambiguous

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。flashy“閃光的，瞬間的”；transient“短暫的”；breathtaking“驚人的，驚險(xiǎn)的，令人激動(dòng)的”；ambiguous“模糊不清的”。句意：舊金山位于高低起伏的小山上，能讓人們看到令人激動(dòng)的大灣以及金門橋。由climbsandfallsovernumeroushills以及空格后的widebay“寬闊海灣”可知海灣和金門橋的景象是令人激動(dòng)的。答案C

12.單選題

VI.LitigationProcedure

Methodsofservingprocessincivilcaseshavebothevolvedanderoded.InmedievalEngland,arrestofthedefendantwascommonattheoutsetofcivilactionsatlaw.Althougharrestcertainlyprovidednotice,itsprimarypurposewastoaccomplishthecourt’sassertionofphysicalpoweroverthedefendant.Eventually,arrestatthecommencementofacivilactionwasdeferred.Arrestwasthenreplacedwithsubjectiontothecourt’spowerbypersonaldeliveryofprocess,whichservedasthefoundationforonemodernservicemethodwhereaUnitedStatesMarshalpersonallyhandsthesummonstoadefendant.

Theideathatonlyagovernmentalofficer,suchasaUnitedStatesMarshalordeputy,couldbetheserverwaseventuallyabandonedinfavorofallowingtheservertobeanypersonthatisatleasteighteenyearsoldandnotapartytothelawsuit.Eventherequirementthatadefendantpersonallyreceivethesummonswasdilutedbytheadditionofanalternativemethodallowingasummonsandcomplainttobeleftatthedefendant’s“dwellingorusualplaceofabodewithsomeoneofsuitableageanddiscretionwhoresidesthere.”

Fromtherecipient’sperspective,thesummoningcourt’sassertionofpowerhasgraduallywornaway.Asoneexpertinthefieldaptlydescribed:“TheawesomeimpactofthesheriffarrivinginarmorandonhorsebacktodeliverawritinmedievalEnglandandtheauthorityofthesovereignsealedinthehot,redwaxofearliertimeshasbeenreplacedbyablandmanilaenvelopecarryingapostagestampthatmaycelebratenotionsofloveorpoetry.”

Althoughmostmodernservicemethodsarewelcomeimprovementstothoseofearlieryears(i.e.,notneedingtoarrestalldefendantsineverycivilaction),thisArticlearguestheservicemethodauthorizedbyRule7004(b)(1)oftheFederalRulesofBankruptcyProcedureviolatesadefendant’sdueprocessrightsundertheFifthAmendment.Rule7004(b)(1)allowsasummonsandcomplainttobeservedby“firstclassmailpostageprepaid...totheindividual’sdwellinghouseorusualplaceofabodeortotheplacewheretheindividualregularlyconductsabusinessorprofession.”Thereisnoacknowledgementofreceipt,nocertifiedmailing,andnowaiverdocumentthatmustbesignedandreturned.Otherthanthedefendant’sresponse,ifany,thereisnowaytoknowwhetherthedefendantreceivedthesummonsandcomplaint.

71.ThedefendantinacivilcaseintheUnitedStateshadbeennotifiedaboutthecaseinthefollowingwayBUT___.

72.Thelastsentenceinthe3rdparagraphmeansthat___.

73.AccordingtoRule7004(b)(1),adefendantinabankruptcycaseisservedby___.

74.TheproblemoftheRule7004(b)(1)forservingasummonsisthefollowing,except___.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.personaldeliveryofthesummonsbyUSMarshal

B.personaldeliveryofthesummonsbyanyoneabove18notapartytothelawsuit

C.summonsandcomplaintbeleftatthedefendant’sdwelling

D.arrested

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.summoningprocessisthecourt’sassertionofpower

B.deliveryofasummonsisnolongerasseriousasbefore

C.thereshouldbeaspecialformofsummoning

D.asummonsmaybesentwithablandmanilaenvelopetogetherwithaloveletter

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.registeredmail

B.personaldelivery

C.firstclassmail

D.firstclassmailpostagetobepaid

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Thedefendantisnotnotified

B.Thereisnoacknowledgementofreceipt

C.Nowaiverdocumentthatmustbesignedandreturned

D.Nowaytoknowwhetherthedefendantreceivedthesummonsandcomplaint

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

【解析】71.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文第一段InmedievalEngland,arrestofthedefendantwascommonattheoutsetofcivilactionsatlaw.Althougharrestcertainlyprovidednotice,itsprimarypurposewastoaccomplishthecourt’sassertionofphysicalpoweroverthedefendant.（在中世紀(jì)的英國，逮捕被告在民事訴訟開始時(shí)是很常見的。雖然逮捕確實(shí)提供了通知，但其主要目的是實(shí)現(xiàn)法院對被告人的實(shí)際權(quán)力的主張）可知逮捕是在中世紀(jì)的英國而不是美國，D選項(xiàng)“逮捕”符合題意；第二段Theideathatonlyagovernmentalofficer,suchasaUnitedStatesMarshalordeputy,couldbetheserverwaseventuallyabandonedinfavorofallowingtheservertobeanypersonthatisatleasteighteenyears