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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廣東科技學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Theroadoutsidetheschoolisamenacetothechildren’ssafety.Theunderlinedpartmeans().

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.trouble

B.headache

C.barrier

D.threat

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)trouble“麻煩;煩惱”;B選項(xiàng)headache“頭痛;麻煩”;C選項(xiàng)barrier“障礙物,屏障;界線”;D選項(xiàng)threat“威脅”。句意:學(xué)校外面的道路對(duì)孩子們的安全是個(gè)(

)。根據(jù)邏輯可知,對(duì)學(xué)生而言,校外的道路是有交通安全隱患的,即“威脅”,因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Nosoonerhadtheautomobilemechanicenteredtheroomthanhebegantotakeoffhis()coveralls.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.tedious

B.hollow

C.greasy

D.salutary

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞辨析題。tedious沉悶的;hollow空的、虛偽的;greasy油膩的;salutary有益的。句意:汽車修理工一進(jìn)入房間就開始脫下他油膩的工作服。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

3.單選題

Mygrandmotherhasbeengoingtoabetterdentist,sothis()problemssheishavingwithherdentures.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.won’teliminate

B.willbeelimination

C.shouldhavebeeneliminated

D.shouldhelpeliminate

【答案】D

【解析】句意:我的祖母一直在看牙醫(yī),所以這應(yīng)該有助于解決她的假牙問題。should表示有較大可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的推測,且根據(jù)句意可知,這里時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)該為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

4.單選題

Aroundtwominutesafterlaunch,theboostersoneithersideoftheshuttlewillfallaway,followedshortlyafterwardsbythegiantexternalfueltank______tothespaceship.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.clasped

B.strapped

C.hindered

D.clustered

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.clasped握緊;扣緊B.strapped用帶子系(或捆、扎、扣)好

C.hindered阻礙;妨礙D.clustered群聚;聚集

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞thegiantexternalfueltank(巨大外部燃料箱)和spaceship(飛船),結(jié)合常識(shí)可知,燃料箱是緊緊固定在飛船上的,故空格處表示“固定”符合句意,B項(xiàng)詞義符合該意思,故該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】發(fā)射大約兩分鐘后,航天飛機(jī)兩側(cè)的助推器將脫落,緊隨其后的是固定在飛船上的巨大外部燃料箱。

5.單選題

Thecontemporaryphenomenonofmotorcarworshipistobeexplainednotleastbythesenseofindependenceandfreedomthatownership().

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.enrolls

B.entraps

C.enrages

D.entails

【答案】D

【解析】考查形似動(dòng)詞辨析。enroll“登記,注冊”;entrap“使陷入羅網(wǎng),欺騙”;enrage“激怒,使暴怒”;entail“需要;帶來”。句意:對(duì)于當(dāng)今崇尚汽車的現(xiàn)象,究其原因是有了車可以獨(dú)立自由行動(dòng),不需要依賴別人。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

6.填空題

Inthe8thcenturygigakufellintodisfavorbecauseitsfrivolous(愚蠢的)character________theJapaneserulersoftheperiod.(please)

【答案】displeased

【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞。

【解題思路】because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句,橫線處為謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)時(shí)間8thcentury,可知句子時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)。這里指的是伎樂愚蠢可笑的特點(diǎn)讓統(tǒng)治者_(dá)_____,因此伎樂不受歡迎,displease的意思為“使惱怒,使生氣,使不悅”,符合語境,其過去式為displeased。

【句意】在8世紀(jì),伎樂因其愚蠢可笑的特點(diǎn),當(dāng)時(shí)的日本統(tǒng)治者聽了不悅,因此不受歡迎。

7.單選題

7.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Sheisgivingthemananinjection.

B.Sheislisteningtotheman’sheart.

C.Sheisfeelingtheman’spulse.

D.Sheishelpingthemanstopshivering.

【答案】B

【解析】M:Ooh,that’scold!

W:Don’tworry,it’sjustmystethoscope[?steθ?sko?p].

Q:Whatisthewomandoing?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。關(guān)鍵在于對(duì)話中的單詞stethoscope(聽診器),故選B。

8.單選題

Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Featureseditor.

B.Magazinereporter.

C.Websitedesigner.

D.Fashiondesigner.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Designingsportsclothing.

B.Answeringdailyemails.

C.Consultingfashionexperts.

D.Interviewingjob-seekers.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Itisfascinating.

B.Itischallenging.

C.Itistiresome.

D.Itisfashionable.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Herconfidence.

B.Herexperience.

C.Hercompetence.

D.Herpersistence.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

【解析】ConversationOne

M:[1]TodayourguestisRosieMullenderwhoworksasaFeaturesEditorforFashionmagazine.HiRosie,you’reFeatureseditoratoneofthemostwidelyreadwomen’smagazinesintheU.K.Whatkindofresponsibilitiesdoesthatjobentail?

W:Wespendourdayslookingatideasfromjournalists,writingcopyforthemagazineandwebsite,andediting.Wedorandomthingslikeaskingpeopleinthestreetquestionsandtestingsportsclothing.Wealsodolesstangiblethingslikeunderstandingwhatourreaderswant.It’scertainlyvariedandsometimesbizarre.

M:Duringyourworkingday,whatkindofworkmightyoutypicallydo?

W:[2]Mydaymainlyincorporatesrespondingtoemails,writingandeditingstoriesandcomingupwithnewfeatureideas.

M:HowdoesthejobofFeatureseditordifferfromthatofFashioneditororothereditorialpositions?

W:TheFeaturesteamdealswitharticlessuchascareers,reports,confidenceandconfessions—everythingexceptfashionandbeauty.

M:[3]Alotofpeoplebelievethatworkingatamagazineisaglamorousjob.Isthisanaccuraterepresentationofwhatyoudo?

W:I’dsayit’sglamoroustoanextent,butnotinthewayit’sportrayedinfilms.Wedohaveourmoments,suchasinterviewingcelebritiesandattendingparties,whichisahugethrill.Ultimatelythough,we’rethesameasourreaders,butworkinginajobwe’reallveryluckytohave.

M:Didyouhavetoovercomeanydifficultiestoreachthispointinyourcareer?Howdidyoumanagetodothis?

W:[4]Ihadtobereallypersistentanditwasveryhardwork.Afterthreeyearsofworkinginapetrolstationanddoingunpaidwork,Istillhadn’tmanagedtogetanentry-leveljob.Iwasluckythatmylastdesperateattemptledtoajob.Itoldmyselfthatallexperiencesmakeyouabetterjournalistinthelongrun—andluckilyIwasright.

1.Whatisthewoman’sprofession?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】題目問女士的職業(yè)是什么?對(duì)話的開頭男士就提到今天的嘉賓RosieMullender是《時(shí)尚》雜志的特刊編輯(Featureseditor)。因此選項(xiàng)A正確。本題的干擾項(xiàng)是B選項(xiàng)“Magazinereporter”,因?yàn)殇浺糁胁恢挂淮翁岬絤agazine這個(gè)詞,女士的職業(yè)也和雜志有關(guān)系,但“雜志記者”不是女士的職業(yè)。

2.Whatisoneofthewomansmainresponsibilities?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問女士的主要職責(zé)之一是什么?女士說她每天的工作主要包括回復(fù)電子郵件和寫作、編輯故事等。B選項(xiàng)“回復(fù)每天的電子郵件”是錄音中respondingtoemails的同義轉(zhuǎn)述,因此正確。本題的干擾項(xiàng)是A選項(xiàng)“Designingsportsclothing”,雖然在錄音中有出現(xiàn)“sportsclothing”,但說的是他們會(huì)測試運(yùn)動(dòng)服裝,而不是設(shè)計(jì);C選項(xiàng)“咨詢時(shí)尚專家”在錄音中沒有相關(guān)信息;錄音中只提到女士會(huì)采訪名人,并沒有說采訪求職者,所以D選項(xiàng)也不正確。

3.Whatdomanypeoplethinkaboutthewoman’sjob?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】題目問的是人們對(duì)女士職業(yè)的看法。男士提到很多人認(rèn)為在雜志社工作很有吸引力。A選項(xiàng)中的fascinating“極有吸引力的”是對(duì)glamorous的同義替換,因此正確。B選項(xiàng)“很有挑戰(zhàn)性的”;C選項(xiàng)“令人厭煩的”和D選項(xiàng)“時(shí)髦的”均不正確。

4.Whathelpedthewomantogethercurrentposition?

【試題答案】D

【試題解析】題目問是什么幫助女士獲得現(xiàn)在的職位?錄音最后男士問道,在女士的職業(yè)生涯中,是不是要克服什么困難才能達(dá)到現(xiàn)在這個(gè)位置,她又是怎么做到的。女士的回答是,必須堅(jiān)持不懈(persistent),因此D選項(xiàng)正確。本題的干擾項(xiàng)B選項(xiàng)中的experience雖然在原文中提及,但女士說的是自己所有的經(jīng)歷都會(huì)讓她成為一名更好的記者,而不是說她的經(jīng)歷讓她到達(dá)現(xiàn)在的位置,因此不正確;A選項(xiàng)“她的自信”和C選項(xiàng)“她的能力”在錄音中沒有提及。

9.單選題

Ideemthegirlwasinbadhealthbecausethehandshakewithherwasso______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.limp

B.lame

C.soft

D.strong

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.limp無生氣的,無力的B.lame瘸的,沒說服力的

C.soft柔軟的D.strong強(qiáng)壯的

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】由主句“我認(rèn)為這女孩身體不好(inbadhealth)”可推測,thehandshakewithher(和她的握手)應(yīng)該是“無力的”。故該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D選項(xiàng)不符合句子邏輯。

【句意】我認(rèn)為這女孩身體不好,因?yàn)榕c她的握手很無力。

10.單選題

By1863theNorthernwareconomywas()inhighgear.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.rumblingalong

B.passingaway

C.roaming

D.blooming

【答案】A

【解析】詞組辨析。rumblingalong“隆隆前進(jìn)”,passaway“去世,度過時(shí)間”;roam“漫步,漫游”;bloom“開發(fā),茂盛”。句意:到1863年,北方戰(zhàn)時(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)高速發(fā)展。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

11.單選題

Thissummittalkisthoughttobeinstrumentalinbringingaboutpeaceinthisregion.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.helpful

B.useless

C.harmless

D.inappropriate

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。instrumental表示“有幫助的,樂器的”;A項(xiàng)helpful“有幫助的”,B項(xiàng)useless“無用的”,C項(xiàng)harmless“無害的,無惡意的”,D項(xiàng)inappropriate“不適當(dāng)?shù)?,不相稱的”。句意:人們認(rèn)為,這次首腦會(huì)談?dòng)兄谠谠摰貐^(qū)實(shí)現(xiàn)和平。根據(jù)句意可知,該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

Thefirstsettlersfoundsomuchworktodothattheyhadlittletimefornostalgia.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.leisure

B.nosebleed

C.homesickness

D.hobbies

【答案】C

【解析】句意:第一批移民發(fā)現(xiàn)有這么多工作要做,他們沒有時(shí)間思念家鄉(xiāng)。nostalgia意為“懷舊,思鄉(xiāng)”。homesickness鄉(xiāng)愁。選項(xiàng)C與之意思相近。

13.單選題

Theworld’sgreatestsnow-cappedpeaks,whichruninachainfromtheHimalayastoTianShan(1)theborderofChinaandKyrgyzstan,havelostnoice(2)thelastdecade,newresearchshows.

Thediscoveryhasstunnedscientists,who(3)thataround50bntonsofmeltwater(4)eachyearandnotbeingreplacedbynewsnowfall.

Thestudyisthefirsttosurveyalltheworld’sicecapsandglaciersandwasmade(5)bytheuseofsatellitedata.Overall,thecontributionofmeltingiceoutsidethetwolargestcaps一GreenlandandAntarctica—ismuch(6)thanpreviouslyestimated,withthelackoficelossintheHimalayasandtheotherhighpeaksofAsia(7)mostofthediscrepancy.

BristolUniversityglaciologistProfJonathanBamber,whowasnotpartoftheresearchteam,said,“TheveryunexpectedresultwasthenegligiblemasslossfromhighmountainAsia,whichisnot(8)differentfromzero.”

ThemeltingofHimalayanglacierscaused(9)in2009whenareportfromtheUN’sintergovernmentalPanelonClimateChangemistakenlystatedthattheywoulddisappearby2035,insteadof2350.(10

),thescientistwholedthenewworkisclearthatwhilegreateruncertaintyhasbeendiscoveredinAsia’shighestmountains,themeltingoficecapsandglaciersaroundtheworld(11

)aseriousconcern.

“Ourresultsandthoseofeveryoneelseshowwearelosingahugeamountofwaterintotheoceanseveryyear,”saidProfJohnWahroftheUniversityofColorado.“Peopleshouldbejustasworriedaboutthemeltingoftheworld’siceastheywerebefore.”

Histeam’sstudy,publishedinthejournalNature,concludesthatbetween443-629bntonsofmeltwateroverallareaddedtotheworld’soceanseachyear.Thisis(12

)sealevelbyabout1.5mmayear,theteamreports,(13

)the2mmayearcausedbyexpansionofthewarmingocean.

Thescientistsarecarefultopointoutthatlower-altitudeglaciersintheAsianmountainranges—sometimesdubbedthe“thirdpole”—are(14

)melting.Satelliteimagesandreportsconfirmthis.Butoverthestudyperiodfrom2003-10enoughicewasaddedtothepeaksto(15

).

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.on

B.in

C.across

D.over

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.from

B.as

C.upon

D.over

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.believed

B.hadbelieved

C.havebelieved

D.werebelieving

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.werebeingshedding

B.wereshedding

C.werebeingshed

D.wereshed

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.impossible

B.possible

C.unavailable

D.available

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.shorter

B.smaller

C.fewer

D.less

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.inchargeof

B.responsiblefor

C.liablefor

D.causedby

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.significantly

B.meaningfully

C.informatively

D.expressively

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.agreement

B.consensus

C.controversy

D.difference

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.Besides

B.Furthermore

C.Despite

D.However

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.resumes

B.remains

C.keeps

D.lasts

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.rising

B.arising

C.raising

D.rearing

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.including

B.addingupto

C.additionally

D.inadditionto

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.definitely

B.necessarily

C.exactly

D.particularly

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.replace

B.refund

C.compensate

D.balance

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:B

第6題:D

第7題:B

第8題:A

第9題:C

第10題:D

第11題:B

第12題:C

第13題:D

第14題:A

第15題:C

【解析】(1)考查固定搭配??崭窈笫莟heborderof,選項(xiàng)中只有on可以與其搭配,表示“在……的邊界”。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

(2)考查介詞用法??崭窈笫莟helastdecade,表示時(shí)間,與over搭配時(shí)表示“在過去的十年內(nèi)”。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

(3)考查語法知識(shí)。本句前部分提到“這一發(fā)現(xiàn)震驚了科學(xué)家”,說明這是與科學(xué)家以前的發(fā)現(xiàn)不同。相對(duì)現(xiàn)在的時(shí)間點(diǎn),科學(xué)家以前的動(dòng)作屬于過去完成。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

(4)考查語法知識(shí)。根絕選項(xiàng)得知?jiǎng)釉~為shed(流失),空格前的meltwater與shed應(yīng)為被動(dòng)關(guān)系。冰雪融化成水流失是不斷進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,因此需要使用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

(5)考查上下文語義。句意:由于使用了衛(wèi)星數(shù)據(jù),這項(xiàng)第一次針對(duì)全世界的冰蓋和冰川的研究……。聯(lián)系上下文,覆蓋全球范圍的研究得益于衛(wèi)星數(shù)據(jù),得以順利進(jìn)行。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。bemadepossible表示“使……稱為可能,使……得以發(fā)生”。

(6)考查上下文語義。句意:總的來說,外融冰的貢獻(xiàn)最大的兩個(gè)冰蓋一格陵蘭島和南極洲——比先前估計(jì)……的多。聯(lián)系前文提到發(fā)現(xiàn)融冰量并不如科學(xué)家們以為的多,因此空格處應(yīng)填表示量少的否定詞。ice為不可數(shù)名詞,因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

(7)考查詞組辨析。inchargeof“負(fù)責(zé),主管”;responsiblefor“為……負(fù)責(zé);是……的緣由”;liablefor“對(duì)……有責(zé)任”;causedby“歸因于”。句意:……沒有冰川損失的喜馬拉雅山脈和亞洲其他32個(gè)高峰是造成此差異的緣故。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

(8)考查副詞辨析。significantly“顯著地;相當(dāng)數(shù)量地”;meaningfully“有意義地”;informatively“提供消息地”;expressively“表現(xiàn)地;意味深長地”。前文句意:令人意想不到的結(jié)果是亞洲高山冰川的質(zhì)量損失微不足道。非限定性定語從句中的not…different應(yīng)與negligible相符合。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意,表示“與零沒有顯著的區(qū)別”。

(9)考查名詞辨析。agreement“協(xié)議;同意”;consensus“一致;輿論”;controversy“爭論,辯論”;difference“差異”。本句提到,2009年一份有關(guān)氣候變化的報(bào)告錯(cuò)誤地顯示喜馬拉雅冰川將在2035年而不是2350年消失時(shí),引起了……。由mistakenlystates等字眼可知,此處應(yīng)為引起了爭論,而不是所有人達(dá)成一致意見。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

(10)考查邏輯關(guān)系。前文講述亞洲高山冰川的積雪損失可以忽略不計(jì)這一好的結(jié)果,空格后提到應(yīng)該關(guān)注全世界冰蓋和冰川融化的現(xiàn)象屬于轉(zhuǎn)折。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

(11)考查動(dòng)詞辨析。resume“繼續(xù);恢復(fù)”;remain“保持某狀態(tài),依然”;keep“使……保持某狀態(tài);經(jīng)營”;last“持續(xù);維持”。句意:世界各地的冰冠和冰川融化(依然)是一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的問題。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

(12)考查近義動(dòng)詞辨析。本句表示海平面上升,空格后有賓語,因此必須填及物動(dòng)詞。在表示“上升”時(shí),rise和arise都是不及物動(dòng)詞,因此排除。rear“養(yǎng)育,撫養(yǎng)”不符合句意。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

(13)考查詞語辨析。including“包含,包括”;addingupto“總計(jì)達(dá)……”;additionally“此外,加之”;inadditionto“除……之外(還有)”。本句表示除海平面每年上升1.5毫米之外,海洋暖流范圍的擴(kuò)大引起海平面每年上升2毫米??崭窈笫敲~,不能用副詞additionally修飾。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

(14)考查副詞辨析。definitely“清楚地,明確地”;necessarily“必要地”;exactly“恰好地”;particularly“特別地”。句意:科學(xué)家們謹(jǐn)慎地指出,亞洲山脈的低海拔冰川——有時(shí)被稱為“第三極”,……正在融化。根據(jù)句意,A選項(xiàng)符合。

(15)考查上下文語義。replace“取代”;refund“退還”;compensate“補(bǔ)償”;balance“使平衡”。前文提到的是冰川消融,本句開頭有一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折詞but,說明空格處應(yīng)填入與冰川消融反義的詞語。綜合以上,“補(bǔ)償損失”最合適,因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

14.單選題

Thegymhasequippedwithvariouspiecesofweight-lifting().

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.apparatus

B.appliance

C.gauge

D.implement

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)apparatus“裝置;設(shè)備”;B選項(xiàng)appliance“器具;器械”;C選項(xiàng)gauge“計(jì)量器;容量規(guī)格”;D選項(xiàng)implement“工具;器具”。句意:這個(gè)健身房有各種舉重……。apparatus一般可用為所有設(shè)備的總稱。appliance側(cè)重指家用機(jī)器或設(shè)備,尤指家用電器。implement原指史前人類所用的工具,現(xiàn)在多指農(nóng)用工具,也可指為實(shí)現(xiàn)某個(gè)任務(wù)所需的工具或器具。地點(diǎn)是健身房,關(guān)鍵信息variouspiecesof“各種類型的”,在句中缺少對(duì)舉重設(shè)備的一個(gè)總的概括。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

15.單選題

Ifthework-forcerespectedyou,youwouldn’tneedto()yourauthoritysooften.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.affirm

B.restrain

C.assert

D.maintain

【答案】C

【解析】本題考查動(dòng)詞辨析題。affirm“斷言;肯定”;restrain“抑制”;assert“聲稱;堅(jiān)持;維護(hù)”;maintain“保持”,根據(jù)respected“尊重”可知此處對(duì)應(yīng)的是“維護(hù)權(quán)威”,表示維護(hù)權(quán)威或者捍衛(wèi)權(quán)威是要用動(dòng)詞assert,故正確答案為選項(xiàng)C。句意為:如果工人們尊重你,你就不需要總是維護(hù)你的權(quán)威。

16.單選題

Weallnotedthatonly“naturalborn”citizensareeligibleforthePresidency.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.registered

B.qualified

C.withheld

D.special

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.registered已登記的B.qualified有資格的;能勝任的

C.withheld(be~)被拒絕(動(dòng)詞過去分詞)D.special特殊的

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析

【解題思路】原文語義為“我們都注意到,只有‘自然出生的’公民____擔(dān)任總統(tǒng)”,原詞eligible“符合條件的;有資格的”,B選項(xiàng)qualified“有資格的;能勝任的”最符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D選項(xiàng)不符合原文語義。

【句意】我們都注意到,只有“自然出生的”公民才有資格擔(dān)任總統(tǒng)。

17.單選題

Avirtualanchorite,he(

)tohisself-sufficiency.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.adheres

B.confirms

C.conforms

D.admonishes

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。adhere“堅(jiān)持;依附”,為不及物動(dòng)詞,一般與to構(gòu)成adhereto“堅(jiān)持;粘附”;confirm“確認(rèn);證實(shí)”,為及物動(dòng)詞;conform“使遵守;使一致”。句意:作為隱士的他堅(jiān)持自給自足。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

18.翻譯題

Thepinpricktothecreditbubblecamewiththehousing-sectormeltdowninlate2006.Fromthatpoint,confidenceintheU.Sfinancialsystemeroded,especiallyasthesub-primetoxinseepedintothebanksandbrokeragesaswellasthosepartsoftheinsurancesectorlinkedtomortgages.Withconfidenceinthefinancialsectordeflated,attentionturnedtothecountry’smassivestructuralproblems—along-termimbalancebetweengovernmentexpendituresandrevenues,relatedtoongoingpressurefortaxcuts;therapidlyagingnationaltransportandcommunicationsinfrastructure;andMedicare,MedicaidandSocialSecurity,thecombinedcostofwhichisexpectedtogrow22percentfasterthantheeconomyoverthenextdecade.

【答案】信貸泡沫的小刺來自于2006年末房地產(chǎn)市場的崩潰。從那時(shí)起,人們對(duì)美國金融體系的信心受到侵蝕,尤其是當(dāng)次級(jí)債的毒素滲入銀行和券商以及與抵押貸款相關(guān)的保險(xiǎn)行業(yè)時(shí)。隨著對(duì)金融部門信心的下降,人們的注意力轉(zhuǎn)向了該國巨大的結(jié)構(gòu)性問題——與持續(xù)的減稅壓力相關(guān)的政府支出和收入的長期失衡;快速老化的國家交通和通信基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施;醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)(Medicare)、醫(yī)療補(bǔ)助(Medicaid)和社會(huì)保障(SocialSecurity),這些成本在未來十年的增長速度預(yù)計(jì)將比經(jīng)濟(jì)增長速度快22%。

19.單選題

Agrowingnumberofcompaniesarenowtryingtoserve“segmentsofone.”Theyattemptto()theirofferandcommunicationtoeachindividualcustomer.Thisisunderstandablewithlargeindustrialcompaniesthathaveonlyafewmajorcustomers.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.adopt

B.adapt

C.incorporate

D.exclude

【答案】B

【解析】adopt采取,接受;adapt使適應(yīng);incorporate包含,吸收,合并;exclude排除。句意:越來越多的公司正試圖服務(wù)于“一個(gè)部分”。他們試圖讓客戶適應(yīng)他們所提供的服務(wù)并和每一個(gè)個(gè)體客戶進(jìn)行溝通。對(duì)于只有少數(shù)主要客戶的大型公司來說,這是可以理解的。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

20.單選題

Thereisanewtypeofsmalladvertisementbecomingincreasinglycommoninnewspaperclassifiedcolumns.Itissometimesplacedamong“situationsvacant”,althoughitdoesnotofferanyoneajob,andsometimesitappearsamong“situationswanted”,althoughitisnotplacedbysomeonelookingforajob,either.Whatitdoesistoofferhelpinapplyingforajob.

“Contactusbeforewritingyourapplication”,or“Makeuseofourlongexperienceinpreparingyourcurriculumvitaeorjobhistory”,ishowitisusuallyexpressed.Thegrowthandapparentsuccessofsuchaspecializedserviceis,ofcourse,areflectiononthecurrenthighlevelsofunemployment.Itisalsoanindicationofthegrowingimportanceofthecurriculumvitae(orjobhistory),withthesuggestionthatitmaynowqualifyasanartforminitsownright.

Therewasatimewhenjobseekerssimplywrotelettersofapplication.“Justputdownyourname,address,ageandwhetheryouhavepassedanyexams”,wasabouttheaveragelevelofadviceofferedtoyoungpeopleapplyingfortheirfirstjobswhenIleftschool.Theletterwasreallyjustforopeners,itwasexplained,everythingelsecouldandshouldbesavedfortheinterview.Andinthosedaysoffullemploymentthetechniqueworked.Theletterprovedthatyoucouldwriteandwereavailableforwork.Youreagerfaceandintelligentrepliesdidtherest.

Later,asyoumoveduptheladder,somethingslightlymoresophisticatedwascalledfor.Theadvicethenwastoputsomethingintheletterwhichwoulddistinguishyoufromtherest.Itmightbetheaggressiveapproach.“Yoursearchisover.Iamthepersonyouarelookingfor”,wasawidelyusedtrickthatoccasionallysucceeded.Oritmightbesomespecialfeaturespeciallydesignedforthejobinterview.

Thereisnodoubt,however,thatitisincreasingnumberofapplicantswithuniversityeducationatallpointsintheprocessofengagingstaffthathasledtothegreaterimportanceofthecurriculumvitae.

1.Accordingtothepassage,thenewtypeofadvertisements(

).

2.Nowademandforthistypeofservicehasbeencreatedbecause(

).

3.Inthepastitwasexpectedthatfirstjobhunterswould(

).

4.Whenapplyingformoreimportantjobs,onehadbetterincludeintheletter(

).

5.Theresumehasbecomesoimportantbecause(

).

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.informsjobhuntersofthechancesavailable

B.promisesusefuladvicetojob-hunters

C.dividesavailablejobsintovarioustypes

D.informsemployersthatpeopleareavailableforwork

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.thereisalackofjobsavailableforartisticpeople

B.therearesomanytop-leveljobsavailable

C.therearesomanypeopleoutofwork

D.thejobhistoryisconsideredtobeaworkofart

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.writeaninitiallettergivingtheirlifehistory

B.passsomeexamsbeforeapplyingforajob

C.havenoqualificationsotherthanbeingabletoreadandwrite

D.keepanydetailedinformationuntiltheyobtainedaninterview

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.somethingattractiveinone’sapplication

B.apersonalopinionabouttheorganizationonewantedtojoin

C.somethingthatwouldoffenditsreader

D.aliethatonecouldeasilygetawaywithtelling

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.ofanincreaseinthenumberofjobsadvertised

B.ofanincreaseinthenumberofapplicantswhichdegrees

C.ofmuchmorecomplicatednessofjobstoday

D.itislesscomplicatedthanotherapplicationprocesses

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.文章第二段第一句contactusbeforewritingyourapplication”,or“makeuseofourlongexperienceinpreparingyourcurriculumvitaeorjobhistory提到這個(gè)廣告的內(nèi)容是“在寫求職信之前聯(lián)系我們”“我們的經(jīng)驗(yàn)?zāi)軌驇湍愀玫販?zhǔn)備你的簡歷”可知這個(gè)廣告主要是給那些求職者服務(wù),所以選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.文章第二段第二句Thegrowthandapparentsuccessofsuchaspecializedserviceis,ofcourse,areflectiononthecurrenthighlevelsofunemployment提到了這種服務(wù)存在的原因是由于現(xiàn)在的高失業(yè)率。所以選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.文章第三段theletterwasreallyjustforopeners,itwasexplained,everythingelsecouldandshouldbesavedfortheinterview提到對(duì)于剛畢業(yè)出來找第一份工作求職來說求職信只是第一句,信中除了一些基本信息不需要透露太多,剩下的等獲得面試資格再說。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.第四段前兩句later,asyoumoveduptheladder,somethingslightlymoresophisticatedwascalledfor.Theadvicethenwastoputsomethingintheletterwhichwoulddistinguishyoufromtherest提到當(dāng)你要去找更重要的工作時(shí),求職信中需要寫上一些你與其他人相比有何獨(dú)到之處。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.最后一段提到越來越多的大學(xué)生求職者使得個(gè)人簡歷顯得很重要,所以選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

21.單選題

Thismorningwhenshewaswalkinginthestreet,ablackcar()besideher.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.drewout

B.drewoff

C.drewdown

D.drewup

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。drawout“取出,擬定,拉長”;drawoff“撤退,轉(zhuǎn)移”;drawdown“引來,招致”;drawup“草擬,停住”。句意:這個(gè)早上當(dāng)她正走在街上的時(shí)候,一輛黑色的汽車停在她旁邊。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

22.單選題

Theyarenolongeronspeakingtermsbecauseshe()hisconfidence.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.exposed

B.destroyed

C.proved

D.betrayed

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。expose“揭露,曝光”;destroy“毀滅,破壞”;prove“證明,檢驗(yàn),顯示”;betray“背叛,出賣”。句意:他們不再和睦相處了,因?yàn)樗撑蚜怂男湃?。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

23.單選題

ArewetoleratingmoreDishonesty?Theincome-taxdeadlineapproachesandsometaxpayers’thoughtturntoit.Testtimeapproachesandsomestudents’thoughtsturntoit.Temptationappearsandspousesconsiderit.Nowadays,cheatingisontherise.“Youwantsomethingyoucan’tgetbybehavingwithintherules,andyouwantitbadlyenoughyou’lldoitregardlessofanyguiltordeepregretandyou’rewillingtoruntheriskofbeingcaught.”That’showLaddWheeler,psychologyprofessorattheUniversityofRochesterinNewYork,definescheating.

Cheatingrepresentsthetriumphofthe“BrazenRule”overthe“GoldenRule”,saysTerryPinkard,philosophyprofessoratGeorgetownUniversity.“TheGoldenRulesays,“Dountoothersasyouwouldlikehavethemdoontoyou.TheBrazenRulesays,“Doontoothersastheywoulddoontoyouiftheywereinyourplace.”Manyexpertsbelievecheatingisontherise.“We’reseeingmoreofthekindofpersonwhoregardstheworldasaseriesofthingstobemanipulated.Whethertocheatdependsonwhetherit’sintheperson’sinterest.”Hedoes,however,seelesscheatingamongtheyoungeststudents.

RichardDienstbier,psychologyprofessorattheUniversityofNebraskainLincoln,believesthatsociety’sattitudesaccountformuchoftheriseincheating.Twentyyearsago,ifapersoncheatedincollege,societysaid,“Thatisextremelyserious;youwillbedroppedforasemesterifnotkickedoutpermanently”,hesays.“Nowadays,attheUniversityofNebraska,forexample,itisthestatedpolicyoftheCollegeofArtsandSciencesthatifastudentcheatsonanexam,thestudentmustreceivean‘F’onwhathecheatedon.That’snothing.Ifyou’regoingtofailanyway,whynotcheat?”

Cheatingisunethical,Pinkardsays,whetherit’smassivefraudorfailuretotellastorecashieryouwereundercharged.“You’retreatingotherpeoplemerelyasameansforyourownends.You’reusingpeopleinwaystheywouldnotconsentto.Thecheatersays,“Leteverybodyelsebeartheburden,andI’llreapthebenefits.”

Cheatersusuallytrytojustifytheiractions,saysRobertHogan,chairmanofthepsychologydepartmentattheUniversityofTulsainOklahoma.“Theyneverthinkit’stheirfault.”Cheatersmakejustificationsbecausetheywanttofeelgoodaboutthemselves,addsWheeler.“Theydon’twanttolabelthemselvesasacheater.Also,theymaybeanticipatingthepossibilityofgettingcaught,sotheyworkontheirexcuseaheadoftime.”Themostcommonjustifications,psychologistssay,include:

“Ihadtodoit.”

“Thetestwasunfair.”

“Everybodydoesit,andIhavetocheattogetwhat’srightfullymine.”

“Thegovernmentwastesthemoneyanyway.”

“Mywife(orhusband)doesn’tunderstandme,andwe’vegrownapart.”

“Cheatingismostlikelyinsituationswherethestakesarehighandthechancesofgettingcaughtarelow”,sayssocialpsychologistLynnKahleoftheUniversityofOregoninEugene.Inhisstudy,agroupoffreshmenwereallowedtogradetheirowntests,whilesecret,pressure-sensitivepaperindicatedwhochangedanswers.Toraisethepressure,studentsweregivenanextremelyhighscoreasthe“average”forthetestandtoldthatthosewhofailedwouldgobeforeaninquiringboardofpsychologists.About46percentofthemalestudentschangedanswers;amongthefemales,about30percentcheated.

Everybodycheatsalittle,somepsychologistssay,whileothersinsistthatmostpeoplearebasicallyhonestandsomewouldn’tcheatunderanycircumstances.

Despitethegeneralriseincheating,Pinkardseessomecauseforhope,“Idofindamongyoungerstudentsamuchlesstolerantattitudetowardcheating.”Perhaps,hesays,theupcominggenerationislessspoiledthanthe“babyboom”studentswhoprecededthem—andthereforelessself-centered.“Thereseemstobeaswingbackintheculture.”

1.Thepurposeofthispassageisto____.

2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?

3.Accordingtothepassage,withwhichofthefollowingwouldtheauthorprobablyNOTagree?

4.Whenapersoniscaughtcheating,itismostlikelythathe____.

5.Regardingthefutureofcheating,theauthorseemstobe____.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.convincethereaderthatcheatingisimmoral

B.discussthevarietiesofandreasonsforcheating

C.describehowcheaterscheat

D.suggesthowtocurtailcheating

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Itisethicaltocheatunlessmoneyisinvolved.

B.Failuretotellastorecashieryouwereunderchargedisnotconsideredcheating.

C.Therehasbeenageneralriseincheating.

D.Mostcheatersarecollegestudents.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Cheatingisoftentheresultofintensepressure.

B.Cheatingischeating,whetheronatestoronincometaxforms.

C.Cheatingiswidespreadandsocietyistootolerant.

D.TheBrazenRuleisabetterrulethantheGoldenRule.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.pretendstoapologizeforwhathehasdone

B.pretendsthathehasnoknowledgeofwhatisgoingon

C.ascribeshismisconducttosomeexternalmotivation

D.deniesthefactinfearfulanticipationofescapingpunishment

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.depressed

B.optimistic

C.amused

D.bewildered

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Thepurposeofthispassageisto____.本文的目的是____。

A.convincethereaderthatcheatingisimmoralA.讓讀者相信欺騙是不道德的

B.discussthevarietiesofandreasonsforcheatingB.討論欺騙的種類和原因

C.describehowcheaterscheatC.描述欺騙者是怎么欺騙別人的

D.suggesthowtocurtailcheatingD.建議如何減少欺騙

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題

【解題思路】文章的寫作目的,需要從全文內(nèi)容來推斷。本文前兩段寫的是各種欺騙的現(xiàn)象;后面幾段都是在討論欺騙現(xiàn)象出現(xiàn)的原因。因此,B選項(xiàng)“討論欺騙的種類和原因”最符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“讓讀者相信欺騙是不道德的”,雖然原文第四段第一句提到“欺騙是不道德的(Cheatingisunethical)”,但是證明這一點(diǎn)并不是本文的目的,該選項(xiàng)屬于過度推理;

C選項(xiàng)“描述欺騙者是怎么欺騙別人的”,本文的重點(diǎn)并不在介紹欺騙的方式,該選項(xiàng)屬于本末倒置;

D選項(xiàng)“建議如何減少欺騙”,本文并未就解決欺騙問題提出建議,該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有。

第2題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?根據(jù)文章,下列哪一項(xiàng)是正確的?

A.Itisethicaltocheatunlessmoneyisinvolved.A.欺騙是合乎道德的,除非涉及金錢。

B.Failuretotellastorecashieryouwereunderchargedisnotconsideredcheating.B.沒有告訴收銀員你被少收了錢被認(rèn)為不是欺騙。

C.Therehasbeenageneralriseincheating.C.欺騙現(xiàn)象普遍增加。

D.Mostcheatersarecollegestudents.D.大多數(shù)欺騙者是大學(xué)生。

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題

【解題思路】原文最后一段第一句提到“盡管欺騙現(xiàn)象普遍增加(thegeneralriseincheating)”,由此可知,欺騙現(xiàn)象普遍增加了。C選項(xiàng)“欺騙現(xiàn)象普遍增加”表述正確符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“欺騙是合乎道德的,除非涉及金錢”,可定位到原文第四段第一句,該句提到“欺騙是不道德的(unethical),無論是大規(guī)模的欺詐還是沒有告訴收銀員你被少收了錢?!庇纱丝芍?,不管是否涉及金錢,欺騙都是不道德的,該選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤,不符合題意,屬于反向干擾;

B選項(xiàng)“沒有告訴收銀員你被少收了錢被認(rèn)為不是欺騙”,由A選項(xiàng)定位句可知,沒有告訴收銀員自己被少收了錢也是欺騙,該選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤,不符合題意,屬于反向干擾;

D選項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)欺騙者是大學(xué)生”,原文只是提到了欺騙的類型之一——大學(xué)生作弊,并沒有說大多數(shù)欺騙者是大學(xué)生,該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有。

第3題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Accordingtothepassage,withwhichofthefollowingwouldtheauthorprobablyNOTagree?根據(jù)文章,作者可能不同意下列哪一種觀點(diǎn)?

A.Cheatingisoftentheresultofintensepressure.A.欺騙往往是壓力過大的結(jié)果。

B.Cheatingischeating,whetheronatestoronincometaxforms.B.欺騙就是欺騙,無論是在考試的時(shí)候還是填所得稅表格的時(shí)候。

C.Cheatingiswidespreadandsocietyistootolerant.C.欺騙很普遍,社會(huì)對(duì)此太寬容了。

D.TheBrazenRuleisabetterrulethantheGoldenRule.D.“無恥原則”比“黃金法則”更好。

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題

【解題思路】原文第二段第一句提到“欺騙代表著‘無恥原則’對(duì)‘黃金規(guī)則’的勝利。”原文最后一段提到“盡管作弊現(xiàn)象普遍增加,但Pinkard看到了一些希望(hope):‘我確實(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn),較年輕的學(xué)生對(duì)欺騙的寬容態(tài)度要低得多。’”由此可得,作者對(duì)欺騙是持批判態(tài)度的。由此推斷,作者并不認(rèn)為“無恥原則”比“黃金法則”更好。因此,D選項(xiàng)“‘無恥原則’比‘黃金規(guī)則’更好”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“欺騙往往是壓力過大的結(jié)果”,可定位到原文第六段。本段提到研

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