考研考博-英語(yǔ)-四川大學(xué)錦城學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解3

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-四川大學(xué)錦城學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

The（）younghopefulswerepushedasideinthescrambleforjobs.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.respected

B.inexperienced

C.premature

D.distinguished

【答案】B

【解析】句意:在求職競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中,沒(méi)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)但年輕有志者都被擠掉了。

考查形容詞辨析。Respected受尊敬的;inexperienced無(wú)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的,不熟練的;premature早產(chǎn)的,不成熟的;distinguished著名的,高貴的。因此B符合句意。

2.單選題

Afterafewroundsoftalks,bothsidesregardedtheterritorydispute（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.beingsettled

B.tobesettled

C.hadsettled

D.assettled

【答案】D

【解析】句意:經(jīng)過(guò)幾次談話，雙方都認(rèn)為這個(gè)領(lǐng)土紛爭(zhēng)已經(jīng)解決了。

考查固定搭配。regardsth.asdone將某事看做已經(jīng)完成了的事。因此選D項(xiàng)。

3.單選題

BACKin1922,ThomasEdisonpredictedthat“themotionpictureisdestinedtorevolutionizeoureducationalsystemand...inafewyearsitwillsupplantlargely,ifnotentirely,theuseoftextbooks.”Well,weallmakemistakes.ButatleastEdisondidnotsquandervastquantitiesofpublicmoneyoninstallingcinemascreensinschoolsaroundthecountry.

Withcomputers,thestoryhasbeendifferent.Manygovernmentshavepackedthemintoschools,convincedthattheirpresencewouldimprovethepaceandefficiencyoflearning.Largenumbersofstudies,somemoreacademicallyrespectablethanothers,havepurportedtoshowthatcomputershelpchildrentolearn.Now,however,astudythatcomparesclasseswithcomputersagainstsimilarclasseswithoutthemcastsdoubtonthatview.

InthecurrentEconomicJournal,JoshuaAngristoftheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyandVictorLavyoftheHebrewUniversityofJerusalemlookataschemewhichputcomputersintomanyofIsrael'sprimaryandmiddleschoolsinthemid-1990s.Dr.AngristandDr.LavycomparethetestscoresformathsandHebrewachievedbychildreninthefourthandeighthgrades(i.e.,agedaboutnineand13)inschoolswithandwithoutcomputers.Theyalsoaskedtheclasses'teachershowtheyusedvariousteachingmaterials,suchasXeroxedworksheetsand,ofcourse,computerprograms.TheresearchersfoundthattheIsraelischemehadmuchlesseffectonteachingmethodsinmiddleschoolsthaninelementaryschools.Italsofoundnoevidencethattheuseofcomputersimprovedchildren’stestscores.Infact,itfoundthereverse.Inthecaseofthemathscoresoffourth-graders,therewasaconsistentlynegativerelationshipbetweencomputeruseandtestscores.Theauthorsofferthreepossibleexplanationsofwhythismightbe.First,theintroductionofcomputersintoclassroomsmighthavegobbledupcashthatwouldotherwisehavepaidforotheraspectsofeducation.Butthatisunlikelyinthiscasesincethemoneyfortheprogrammercamefromthenationallottery,andthestudyfoundnosignificantchangeinteachingresources,methodsortraininginschoolsthatacquiredcomputersthroughthescheme.

Asecondpossibilityisthatthetransitiontousingcomputersininstructiontakestimetohaveaneffect.Maybe,saytheauthors,buttheschoolssurveyedhadbeenusingthescheme’scomputersforafullschoolyear.Thatwasenoughforthenewcomputerstohavehadalarge(andapparentlymalign)influenceonfourth-grademathsscores.Thethirdexplanationisthesimplest:thattheuseofcomputersinteachingisnobetter(andperhapsworse)thanotherteachingmethods.

ThebottomlinesaysDrAngrist,isthat"thecostsareclear-cutandthebenefitsaremurky.”Theburdenofproofnowlieswiththepromotersofclassroomcomputers.Andtheonlyreliablewaytomaketheircaseis,surely,toconductaproperstudy,withchildrenrandomlyallocatedtoteacherswhousecomputersandteacherswhouseothermethods,includingthecheapestofall:chalkandtalk.

1.Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthat（）.

2.Dr.AngristandDr.Lavyhavedonethefollowingexcept（）.

3.AccordingtoDr.AngristandDr.Lavy,intheIsraelischeme,studentsdidn’tmakeimprovementintheirtestscoresbecause（）.

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat（）.

5.Theauthor'sattitudetowardsgovernments'packingcomputersinschoolsseemstobe（）

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.motionpicturehasrevolutionizededucationsystem

B.Edison'spredictionhasbeenprovedwrong

C.Edisonencouragedschoolstoinstallcinemascreens

D.schoolsarecautiousaboutEdison’sidea

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.comparingthetestscoresofstudentsindifferentagegroups

B.interviewingteachersabouttheirteachingmethods

C.launchingthecomputerprograminmanyIsraelischools

D.explainingstudents’schoolperformance

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.otheraspectsofeducationwereaffectedduetocashshortage

B.itwasnotlongenoughfortheprogramtotakeeffect

C.therewasanegativerelationshipbetweencomputeruseandtestscores

D.theuseofcomputerwasnobetterthanotherteachingmethods

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.therehasn’tbeenaproperstudyonthisissueyet

B.schoolauthoritiesshouldprovideprooftosupportthecomputerprogram

C.installingcomputersinschoolscoststoomuch,buthaslittleornoeffect

D.chalkandtalkworkbetterthancomputerinteaching

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.biased

B.indifferent

C.disapproving

D.puzzling

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干詢(xún)問(wèn)：我們可以從第一段中得知什么？針對(duì)愛(ài)迪生的言論，后文提到“we

allmakemistakes（當(dāng)然，人都會(huì)犯錯(cuò)）”，由此可判斷作者通過(guò)這樣的表述暗指愛(ài)迪生的言論錯(cuò)誤。因此B項(xiàng)“愛(ài)迪生的預(yù)言被證明是錯(cuò)誤的”表述正確，而其余三項(xiàng)均不能由原文第一段得出，故本題正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。

第2題:2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干詢(xún)問(wèn)Dr.Angrist和Dr.Lavy沒(méi)有做下列哪件事？根據(jù)原文第三段可知，這兩位研究人員“comparethetestscoresfor...（對(duì)比了學(xué)生的考試成績(jī)）和Theyalsoaskedtheclasses'teachershow...（詢(xún)問(wèn)教師如何使用各種教學(xué)材料）”，由此可判斷A選項(xiàng)與B選項(xiàng)表述正確。再由原文第四段“Theauthorsofferthreepossibleexplanationsofwhythismightbe”可知，他們還提供了可能的解釋。因此，A、B和D項(xiàng)都是這兩位研究員所做的事情，而由原文第二段第二句“Manygovernmentshavepackedthemintoschools”可知，C項(xiàng)launchthecomputerprogram是由以色列政府所為，并非這兩位科學(xué)家，因此本題正確答案為C選項(xiàng)。

第3題:3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干詢(xún)問(wèn)：根據(jù)以色列計(jì)劃中Dr.Angrist和Dr.Lavy的表述，學(xué)生分?jǐn)?shù)在測(cè)試中沒(méi)有進(jìn)步的原因是什么？根據(jù)題干可定位到原文第四段和第五段，分析這兩段內(nèi)容可知，兩位研究人員提出了電腦沒(méi)有提高學(xué)生成績(jī)的三種最可能的解釋。而在描述前兩種解釋時(shí)，都舉出了不成立的理由，因此可判斷A選項(xiàng)和B選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，C選項(xiàng)“使用電腦與考試成績(jī)之間一直存在著負(fù)相關(guān)關(guān)系”只是一種現(xiàn)象，不是學(xué)生沒(méi)有進(jìn)步的原因。作者在闡述第三種解釋時(shí)并未指出其不合理，說(shuō)明這種解釋有一定的可靠性。這種解釋認(rèn)為：學(xué)生成績(jī)沒(méi)有進(jìn)步可能是因?yàn)樵诮虒W(xué)中使用電腦并不比其他教學(xué)方法更好（也許還更糟）”。由此可判斷D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第4題:4.推理判斷題。題干詢(xún)問(wèn)：由文章最后一段可以推斷出什么？作者指出“Theburdenofproofnowlieswiththepromotersofclassroomcomputers.”，所以要說(shuō)明使用電腦有助于課堂教學(xué)這一說(shuō)法得需要課堂電腦的推廣者來(lái)證明。而根據(jù)“Andtheonlyreliablewaytomaketheircaseis,surely,toconductaproperstudy,withchildrenrandomlyallocatedtoteacherswhousecomputersandteacherswhouseothermethods,includingthecheapestofall:chalkandtalk.”可知，要證明他們的觀點(diǎn)，唯一可靠的方法當(dāng)然是進(jìn)行一項(xiàng)適當(dāng)?shù)难芯浚押⒆与S機(jī)分配給使用電腦的老師和使用其他方法的老師。因此，作者對(duì)以前的研究方法提出了質(zhì)疑，A選項(xiàng)“在這個(gè)問(wèn)題上還沒(méi)有一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)难芯俊北硎稣_。B選項(xiàng)表示“學(xué)校當(dāng)局應(yīng)該提供證據(jù)來(lái)支持電腦程序”，C選項(xiàng)表示“在學(xué)校里安裝電腦花費(fèi)太多，但收效甚微”，D選項(xiàng)表示“在教學(xué)中，粉筆和談話比電腦更有效”，均不可由最后一段內(nèi)容得出。故本題正確答案為A選項(xiàng)。

第5題:5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。題干詢(xún)問(wèn)：作者對(duì)政府在學(xué)校安裝電腦似乎是什么樣的態(tài)度？在四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，A選項(xiàng)biased表示“片面的；有偏見(jiàn)的”；B選項(xiàng)indifferent表示“冷淡的；漠不關(guān)心的”；C選項(xiàng)disapproving表示“反對(duì)的；不贊成的”；D選項(xiàng)puzzling表示“費(fèi)解的；令人困惑的”。前文作者講到至少愛(ài)迪生沒(méi)有浪費(fèi)公共資金，暗示了在學(xué)校安裝電腦取代教科書(shū)的使用是浪費(fèi)公共資金。文章最后一段作者引用研究人員的觀點(diǎn)，說(shuō)明在學(xué)校安裝電腦成本明確但收效甚微，并提出應(yīng)該采用適當(dāng)?shù)难芯糠椒▉?lái)對(duì)比真正得出是否有必要在學(xué)校安裝電腦來(lái)取代課本。因此，作者對(duì)在學(xué)校安裝電腦這件事更偏向于持有否定的態(tài)度，故本題正確答案為C選項(xiàng)。

4.單選題

Theinterestsoftheconsumershouldbeparamount.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.supreme

B.unbending

C.superfluous

D.tangible

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.supreme最高的，至高的B.unbending堅(jiān)定的，不易彎曲的，冷漠的

C.superfluous多余的，不必要的D.tangible有形的，切實(shí)的，可觸摸的

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】由關(guān)鍵信息Theinterestsoftheconsumer（消費(fèi)者的利益）可推測(cè)，paramount的意思是“第一位的，首位的”，A選項(xiàng)詞義與劃線單詞含義最為接近，故本題正確答案為A選項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D項(xiàng)與劃線單詞的意思不符合。

【句意】消費(fèi)者的利益應(yīng)放在首位。

5.單選題

BarackObama'shealthreformsWHENBarackObamasignedasweepingsetofhealthreformsintolawonMarch23rd2010,heknewitwasahistoricmoment-andnotjustbecauseJoeBiden,thevice-president,whisperedintohisearthatitwasa"bigfuckingdeal".Hehadsuccessfullyriddenthewaveofpopularsupportthatbroughthimintoofficetodeliveruniversalhealthcoverage,afeatthateludedallhispredecessors.

Buttherealityofpoliticshasobstructedthatgranddream.RepublicanleadersinCongressaretryingtorepealthelawoutright.Severalfederaljudgeshaveruledthatoneofthecentralprovisionsofthenewreforms,an"individualmandate"requiringeveryonetopurchasecoverage,isunconstitutional.AndarecentpollbytheKaiserFamilyFoundation(KFF),anon-partisanoutfit,revealedthathostilitytothelawsamongpoliticallyvitalindependentshasshotupsharply.Oneyearon,howfaresMr.Obama'sproudestachievement?

Thechiefstrategyusedbytheadministrationtowinoverskepticsandtounderminelegalchallengesistopresentthenewlawsasanunstoppablejuggernaut.Forexample,whenKathleenSebelius,thesecretaryofhealthandhumanservices,spokeaboutthereformtotheSenateFinanceCommitteeonMarch16th,shepointedtoevidenceofan"enormousdifferenceithasmadeinthelivesofAmericans".

True,theadministrationhasrushedintoforceprovisionsaffectingconsumersdirectly,inaneffortwinpopularsupport.Forexample,someforbidinsurersfromdenyingcoveragetochildrenwithpre-existingconditions,orimposinglifetimepayoutcapsonanyone.Thenewlawsalsoalreadyrequireinsurerstocoverchildrenupto26ontheirparents'policies,whichwillbenefitsome1.2myoungpeople.Nearly48mpeopleonMedicare,thegovernmenthealthschemefortheelderly,aretogetfreepreventiveservicessuchascolonoscopiesandmammograms.In2010nearly4mofthemgot$250tax-freerebatestohelppayfordrugs.

Allthatseemsimpressive,buthere’stherub:manyAmericansdonotbelieveMrs.Sebelius.RoughlyhalfofthosepolledbyKF'FthoughtObamacarehadalreadybeenrepealedorwereunsureoffooting.Itremainsthelawoftheland.

Theadministrationisalsoforgingaheadwithlessvisibleaspectsofthenewlaws.By2014,whenthebulkofthereform’sprovisionskickin,statesarerequiredtohaveputregulatedinsuranceexchangesinplacesothatconsumerscanbuyplansthatmeetminimumstandardsforcoverage.Allwouldberequiredtobuyinsurance,butthelesswell-offwillgetsubsidies.Thefederalgovernmentisofferingtechnicalassistanceaswellasmoneytostatestonudgethemtowardsestablishingsuchmarket-places.Alas,inthistooMr.Obamahashitsnags.SomeRepublican-ledstates,firstamongthemAiaskaandFlorida,arerefusingtotakethemoney,whilemanyothersaredemandingtherules.Tothesurpriseofsome,Mr.ObamaannouncedatarecentmeetingofgovernorsattheWhiteHousethathesupportsaplan-firstproposedbyRonWyden,asparkyDemocraticsenator-togrant"innovationwaivers"startingin2014.Aslongasstatesmeetgeneralgoalsoncoveringmorepeopleandcurbingcosts,theywillbegivenflexibilityinhowtheysetuptheirlocalinsurancemarkets.

1.BarackObamaknewhissetofhealthreformswasatahistoricmomentbecauseof（）.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsareNotTrue?

3.KathleenSenelius,thesecretaryofhealthandhumanservices,has（）.

4.AccordingtothepollbyKFF,Obamacare（）.

5.AccordingtoObamacare,statescanbefreeinwaysofbuildinglocalinsurancemarketsifthey（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.JoeBiden,thevice-president,thoughtthatitwasa"bigfuckingdeal".

B.hehimselfwaspopularlysupported.

C.itwasafeatthatsurpassedalltheotherpresidents.

D.itwasauniversallycoveredhealthreform

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.ThatgranddreamofObama'shealthreformhasbeenpoliticallyconstructed

B.RepublicanleadersinCongressdisagreedwithObama'shealthreform.

C.IndependentstookahostileattitudetowardsObama'shealthreform.

D.SeveralfederaljudgeshaveregardedObama’shealthreformunlawful.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.beenstronglysupportedbytheinsurers.

B.greatlyimpressedbythehealthreform

C.deniedanenormousdifferencethehealthreformmadeinthelivesofAmericans

D.comeacrossarubinpromotingthehealthreform

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.lackedlegalrootingandhasbeenrepealed.

B.wongreatsupportfromthosepulled.

C.seemsimpressiveandsuccessful

D.wasbelievedbynobody.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.takethemoney

B.cancovermorepeopleandcontrolthecostsofinsurance.

C.regulatetheirinsurancemarkets

D.innovatethelaw.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第一段指出:Hehadsuccessfullyriddenthewaveofpopularsupportthatbroughthimintoofficetodeliveruniversalhealthcoverage,afeatthateludedallhispredecessors(他借民意支持成功上位，以推行全民健康保險(xiǎn)，這項(xiàng)功績(jī)可謂前無(wú)古人)。所以，他認(rèn)為此次醫(yī)療改革是歷史性時(shí)刻的原因是這項(xiàng)功績(jī)，即D項(xiàng)“這是一項(xiàng)全民醫(yī)保改革”。

2.判斷推理題。第二段指出:Buttherealityofpoliticshasobstructed

thatgranddream(但是，政治的現(xiàn)實(shí)性使得這一偉大夢(mèng)想障礙重重)。因此，A項(xiàng)“從政治上說(shuō)，奧巴馬醫(yī)改的偉大夢(mèng)想得以建造”不符合原文所述。答案選A。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞KathleenSebelius定位至第五段:Allthatseemsimpressive,buthere’stherub:manyAmericansdonotbelieveMrs.Sebelius(這一切聽(tīng)起來(lái)甚是美好，可問(wèn)題在于：許多美國(guó)人并不信任西貝利厄斯女士)。因此D項(xiàng)“她在推行醫(yī)改中遭遇困難”正確，同時(shí)排除A和B項(xiàng)。第三段指出:shepointedtoevidenceofan‘enormousdifferenceithasmadeinthelivesofAmericans(她指出‘其在美國(guó)社會(huì)中業(yè)已產(chǎn)生的巨大影響‘這一證詞),因此可排除C項(xiàng)。故答案選D。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞thepollbyKFF定位至第五段:RoughlyhalfofthosepolledbyKFFthoughtObamacarehadalreadybeenrepealedorwereunsureofitslegalfooting.Itremainsthelawoftheland(凱薩家庭基金會(huì)所收集的近一半投票都認(rèn)為奧式醫(yī)改方案己被撤銷(xiāo)或是仍缺失法律基礎(chǔ)。這僅是一時(shí)之策)。因此A項(xiàng)“缺乏法律基礎(chǔ)并且已被撤銷(xiāo)”正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞befreeinwaysofbuildinglocalinsurancemarkets定位至租后一段:Aslongasstatesmeetgeneralgoalsoncoveringmorepeopleandcurbingcosts,theywillbegivenflexibilityinhowtheysetuptheirlocalinsurancemarkets(只要該州達(dá)到使更多人參保并抑制成本的目標(biāo)，就能擁有如何創(chuàng)建當(dāng)?shù)乇ｋU(xiǎn)市場(chǎng)的自主權(quán))。因此選B項(xiàng)“他們能覆蓋更多人（參加保險(xiǎn)）并且控制保險(xiǎn)成本”。

6.單選題

Thegiftofbeingabletodescribeafaceaccuratelyisarareone,aseveryexperiencedpoliceofficerknowstohiscost.AstheLancetputitrecently:“Whenwetrytodescribefacespreciselywordsfailus,andweresorttoidentikit(拼臉型圖)procedures.”

Yet,accordingtooneauthorityonthesubject,wecaneachprobablyrecognizemorethan1,000faces,themajorityofwhichdifferinfinedetails.This,whenonecomestothinkofit,isatremendousfeat,though,curiouslyenough,relativelylittleattentionhasbeendevotedtothefundamentalproblemsofhowandwhyweacquirethisgiftforrecognizingandrememberingfaces.Isitaninbornpropertyofourbrains,oranacquiredone?Assooftenhappens,theexpertstendtodiffer.

Thus,somearguethatitisinborn,andthatthereare“specialcharacteristicsaboutthebrain’sabilitytodistinguishfaces”.Insupportofthisthesetheynotehowmuchbetterweareatrecognizingafaceafterasingleencounterthanweare,forexample,inrecognizinganindividualhorse.Ontheotherhand,therearethose,andtheyareprobablyinthemajority,whoclaimthatthegiftisanacquiredone.

Theargumentsinfavorofthislatterview,itmustbeconfessed,areimpressive.Itisahabitthatisacquiredsoonafterbirth.Watch,forinstance,howaquiteyoungbabyrecognizeshismemberbysight.Grantedthathisothersenseshelp-thesoundothervoice,hissenseofsmell,thedistinctivewayshehandleshim.

Butofallthese,sightispredominant.Formedattheverybeginningoflife,theabilitytorecognizefacesquicklybecomesanestablishedhabit,andonethatis,essentialfordailyliving,ifnotnecessarilyforsurvival.Howessentialandvaluableitisweprobablydonotappreciateuntilweencounterpeoplewhohavebeendeprivedofthefaculty.

Thisunfortunateinabilitytorecognizefamiliarfacesisknowntoall,butsuchpeoplecanoftenrecognizeindividualsbytheirvoices,theirwalkingmannersortheirspectacles.Withtypicalhumaningenuitymanyoftheseunfortunatepeopleovercometheirhandicapbyrecognizingothercharacteristicfeatures.

1.Itisstatedinthepassagethat（）.

2.Whattheauthorfeelsstrangeaboutisthat（）.

3.Whatisthefirstsuggestedexplanationoftheoriginoftheability?

4.Accordingtothepassage,howimportantistheabilitytorecognizefaces?

5.Thispassageseemstoemphasizethat（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.itisunusualforapersontobeabletoidentifyafacesatisfactorily

B.theabilitytorecognizefacesunhesitatinglyisanunusualgift

C.quitafewpeoplecanvisualizefacestheyhaveseen

D.fewpeoplecangiveexactdetailsoftheappearanceofaface

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.peoplehavethetremendousabilitytorecognizemorethan1,000faces

B.peopledon’tthinkmuchoftheproblemofhowandwhyweacquiretheabilitytorecognizeandrememberfaces

C.peopledon’trealizehowessentialandvaluableitisforthemtohavetheabilitytorecognizefaces

D.peoplehavebeenarguingmuchoverthewaypeoplerecognizeandremember

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Itisoneofthecharacteristicspeculiartohumanbeings.

B.Itisacquiredsoonafterbirth.

C.Itissomethingwecandofromtheverymomentweareborn.

D.Itislearnedfromourenvironmentandexperiences.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Itisusefulindailylifebutisnotnecessarilyessential.

B.Itsabsencewouldmakenormaleverydaylifeimpossible.

C.Undercertaincircumstanceswecouldnotexistwithoutit.

D.Normalsociallifewouldbedifficultwithoutit.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.theabilitytorecognizeindividualsisdependentonothersensesaswellassight

B.sightisindispensabletorecognizingindividuals

C.theabilitytorecognizefacesisaspecialinbornabilityofthebrain

D.theimportanceoftheabilityofrecognizingfacesisfullyappreciatedbypeople

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)選項(xiàng)和題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第一段第一句Thegiftofbeingabletodescribeafaceaccuratelyisarareone,aseveryexperiencedpoliceofficerknowstohiscost.（能準(zhǔn)確地描述一個(gè)人的面容這種天賦是很罕見(jiàn)的，每一個(gè)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的警官都知道這一點(diǎn)。）因此D選項(xiàng)“很少有人能給出一張臉的外貌的確切細(xì)節(jié)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)人能令人滿意地辨認(rèn)人臉是不尋常的”不夠準(zhǔn)確；B選項(xiàng)“毫不猶豫地識(shí)別面孔的能力是一種不尋常的天賦”是推斷出來(lái)的，而不是文章直接的陳述；C選項(xiàng)“有些人能想象他們所見(jiàn)過(guò)的面孔”不是原文所提到的。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干信息定位到第二段的第二句This,whenonecomestothinkofit,isatremendous...thisgiftforrecognizingandrememberingfaces.（然而，奇怪的是，對(duì)于我們是如何以及為什么會(huì)有這種識(shí)別和記憶面孔的天賦這一基本問(wèn)題，卻鮮有人關(guān)注。）因此B選項(xiàng)“人們很少思考我們是如何以及為什么獲得識(shí)別和記憶面孔的能力的”正確。A選項(xiàng)“人們有驚人的能力來(lái)識(shí)別超過(guò)1000張面孔”，在第二段第一句話Yet,accordingtooneauthorityonthesubject,wecaneachprobablyrecognizemorethan1,000faces,themajorityofwhichdifferinfinedetails.（然而，據(jù)某專(zhuān)家稱(chēng)，我們每個(gè)人可能都能識(shí)別1000多張面孔，其中大多數(shù)在細(xì)節(jié)上都有所不同。）是專(zhuān)家說(shuō)的，并不是作者覺(jué)得好奇的；C選項(xiàng)“人們沒(méi)有意識(shí)到識(shí)別面孔的能力對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)是多么重要和有價(jià)值”，文章沒(méi)有提到；D選項(xiàng)“人們一直在爭(zhēng)論人們認(rèn)識(shí)和記憶的方式”，這個(gè)也不是作者覺(jué)得好奇的點(diǎn)。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第三段Thus,somearguethatitisinborn,andthatthereare“specialcharacteristicsaboutthebrain’sabilitytodistinguishfaces”.（因此，有些人認(rèn)為這是天生的，“大腦區(qū)分面孔的能力有特殊的特點(diǎn)”。）因此C選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“是人類(lèi)特有的特征之一”，B選項(xiàng)“它在出生后不久就獲得了”，與原文不符；D選項(xiàng)“它是從我們的環(huán)境和經(jīng)驗(yàn)中學(xué)來(lái)的”，這是另一種觀點(diǎn)，但不是最先的。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到倒數(shù)第二段Howessentialandvaluableitisweprobablydonotappreciateuntilweencounterpeoplewhohavebeendeprivedofthefaculty.（它是多么重要和有價(jià)值，直到我們遇到那些被剝奪了能力的人，我們才會(huì)意識(shí)到。）因此可以推斷出B選項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有它，正常的日常生活就不可能了”正確。A選項(xiàng)“它在日常生活中是有用的，但不是必要的”與原文意思不符；C選項(xiàng)“在某些情況下，沒(méi)有它我們就無(wú)法生存”，原文沒(méi)有提及；D選項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有它，正常的社會(huì)生活將很難”，屬于過(guò)度推斷。

5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)選項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵詞定位到最后一段Thisunfortunateinabilitytorecognizefamiliarfacesisknowntoall,butsuchpeoplecanoftenrecognizeindividualsbytheirvoices,theirwalkingmannersortheirspectacles.（這種不幸的無(wú)法識(shí)別大眾都熟悉面孔的能力，但通常可以通過(guò)他們的聲音、走路方式或眼鏡來(lái)識(shí)別個(gè)人。）因此A選項(xiàng)“識(shí)別個(gè)體的能力不僅依賴(lài)視覺(jué)，還依賴(lài)其他感官”正確。B選項(xiàng)“視覺(jué)對(duì)于識(shí)別個(gè)體是必不可少的”，這個(gè)不是文章想要強(qiáng)調(diào)的；C選項(xiàng)“識(shí)別面孔的能力是大腦天生的一種特殊能力”，不符合文章意思；D選項(xiàng)“人們充分認(rèn)識(shí)到人臉識(shí)別能力的重要性”，不是原文強(qiáng)調(diào)的；文章最后一段是想說(shuō)明，哪怕有的人沒(méi)有這種能力，他也可以通過(guò)其他的感官來(lái)感知。

7.單選題

4.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Fourdays.

B.Tendays.

C.Oneweek.

D.Twoweeks.

【答案】D

【解析】W:Well,Mr.Black,whatbroughtyoualongtoday?

M:I’vegotapaininmystomach.

W:Howlonghaveitbeenbotheringyou?

M:Afortnight.

Q:Howlonghastheman’sstomachache?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。Afortnight的意思是十四日，兩周。

8.單選題

TomLandryisoneofthemostsuccessfulfootballcoachesinNationalFootballLeaguehistoryandhewasknownforhis（

）mannerandfiercecompetitiveness.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.unruffled

B.brutal

C.suspicious

D.tender

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。Unruffled意為“平靜的，鎮(zhèn)定的，沉著的”；brutal意為“野蠻的”；suspicious意為“可疑的，不信任的”；tender意為“和善的，溫柔的”。

句意：湯姆?蘭德里是國(guó)際足球聯(lián)盟歷史上最成功的足球教練之一，他以沉著冷靜和激烈競(jìng)爭(zhēng)而聞名。

9.單選題

Theguestswereinajubilantmoodastheweddingbegan.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.exultant

B.conciliatory

C.reverent

D.receptive

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。jubilant意為“喜氣洋洋的，歡欣鼓舞的”；exultant意為“歡欣鼓舞的，興高采烈的”；conciliatory意為“調(diào)解的，安撫的”；reverent意為“恭敬的，虔敬的”；receptive意為“樂(lè)于接受的”。

句意：婚禮開(kāi)始時(shí)，客人們興高采烈。

10.單選題

Acensor’sdutyistoensurethatnocontentis（）inpublicationsorfilms.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.evil

B.obscure

C.obscene

D.opaque

【答案】C

【解析】句意:審查員的職責(zé)是確保出版物或電影中沒(méi)有淫穢內(nèi)容。

考查形容詞辨析。evil邪惡的；不幸的；有害的；討厭的；obscure昏暗的；朦朧的；晦澀的；無(wú)名的；obscene淫穢的；猥褻的；opaque不透明的；不傳熱的；遲鈍的。因此C符合句意。

11.單選題

TeadinkingwascommoninChinafornearlyonethousandyearsbeforeanyoneinEuropehadeverheardabouttea.PeopleinBritainweremuchslowerinfindingoutwhatteawaslike,mainlybecauseteawasveryexpensive.ItcouldnotbeboughtinshopsandeventhosepeoplewhocouldaffordtohaveitsentfromHollanddidsoonlybecauseitwasafashionablecuriosity.Someofthemwerenotsurehowtouseit.Theythoughtitwasavegetableandtriedcookingtheleaves.Thentheyservedthemmixedwithbutterandsalt.Theysoondiscoveredtheirmistakebutmanypeopleusedtospreadtheusedtealeavesonbreadandgivethemtotheirchildrenassandwiches.

TearemainedscarceandveryexpensiveinEnglanduntiltheshipsoftheEastIndiaCompanybegantobringitdirectfromChinaearlyintheseventeenthcentury.Duringthenextfewyearssomuchteacameintothecountrythatthepricefellandmanypeoplecouldaffordtobuyit.

AtthesametimepeopleontheContinentwerebecomingmoreandmorefondoftea.Untilthenteahadbeendrunkwithoutmilkinit,butonedayafamousFrenchladynamedMadamedeSevignedecidedtoseewhatteatastedlikewhenmilkwasadded.Shefounditsopleasantthatshewouldneveragaindrinkitwithoutmilk.Becauseshewassuchagreatladyherfriendsthoughttheymustcopyeverythingshedid,sotheyalsodranktheirteawithmilkinit.SlowlythishabitspreaduntilitreachedEnglandandtodayonlyveryfewBritonsdrinkteawithoutmilk.

Atfirst,teawasusuallydrunkafterdinnerintheevening.Nooneeverthoughtofdrinkingteaintheafternoonuntiladuchessfoundthatacupofteaandapieceofcakeatthreeorfouro’clockstoppedhergettingasinkingfeelingasshecalledit.Sheinvitedherfriendstohavethisnewmealwithher,andtea-timewasborn.

1.WhichofthefollowingistrueoftheintroductionofteaintoBritain?

2.Thispassagemainlydiscusses____________.

3.TeabecameapopulardrinkinBritain____________.

4.PeopleinEuropebegantodrinkteawithmilkbecause____________.

5.WemayinferfromthepassagethatthehabitofdrinkingteainBritainwasmostlyduetotheinfluenceof____________.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.TheBritonsgotexpensiveteafromIndia.

B.TeareachedBritainfromHolland.

C.TheBritonswerethefirstpeopleinEuropewhodranktea.

D.Itwasnotuntilthe17thcenturythattheBritonshadtea.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.thehistoryofteadrinkinginBritain

B.howteabecameapopulardrinkwithmilk

C.howaduchessgotthehabitofdrinkingteaintheafternoon

D.howtea-timewasborn

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.ineighteenthcentury

B.insixteenthcentury

C.inseventeenthcentury

D.inthelateseventeenthcentury

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.ittastedlikemilk

B.ittastedmorepleasant

C.itbecameapopulardrink

D.MadamedeSevignewasinfluential

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.afamousFrenchlady

B.theancientChinese

C.theuppersocialclass

D.peopleinHolland

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.語(yǔ)義推測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段第三句ItcouldnotbeboughtinshopsandeventhosepeoplewhocouldaffordtohaveitsentfromHolland（在商店里買(mǎi)不到茶，有的人讓人從荷蘭寄來(lái)茶），可知B選項(xiàng)“茶葉是從荷蘭傳入英國(guó)的”正確。根據(jù)第二段第一句TearemainedscarceandveryexpensiveinEnglanduntiltheshipsoftheEastIndiaCompanybegantobringitdirectfromChinaearlyintheseventeenthcentury.（在17世紀(jì)早期東印度公司的船只開(kāi)始直接從中國(guó)運(yùn)茶之前，茶葉在英國(guó)一直稀缺且非常昂貴。），可知A選項(xiàng)“英國(guó)人從印度買(mǎi)到昂貴的茶葉”錯(cuò)誤；在這之前英國(guó)人從荷蘭賣(mài)茶，故D選項(xiàng)“直到17世紀(jì)，英國(guó)人才開(kāi)始喝茶”錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“英國(guó)人是最先在歐洲喝茶的人”：文章沒(méi)有提到在歐洲沒(méi)有提到哪個(gè)國(guó)家最先喝茶，故錯(cuò)誤。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

2.主旨大意題。根據(jù)整篇文章從英國(guó)從古至今在各個(gè)時(shí)期不同茶的來(lái)源方式、飲茶方式和習(xí)慣等，可知這篇文章在講英國(guó)飲茶的歷史，故A選項(xiàng)“英國(guó)飲茶的歷史”正確。B選項(xiàng)“茶如何和牛奶一起成為一種受歡迎的飲料”，C選項(xiàng)“公爵夫人是如何養(yǎng)成下午喝茶的習(xí)慣的”和D選項(xiàng)“下午茶是如何誕生的”是其中一部分內(nèi)容，故錯(cuò)誤。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段intheseventeenthcentury.Duringthenextfewyearssomuchteacameintothecountrythatthepricefellandmanypeoplecouldaffordtobuyit.（17世紀(jì)早期，在接下來(lái)的幾年里，大量茶葉流入這個(gè)國(guó)家，導(dǎo)致價(jià)格下降，許多人買(mǎi)得起。），可知在17世紀(jì)早期，茶在英國(guó)受歡迎，故C選項(xiàng)“17世紀(jì)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“18世紀(jì)”，B選項(xiàng)“16世紀(jì)”和D選項(xiàng)“17世紀(jì)后期”錯(cuò)誤。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

4.語(yǔ)義推測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段第二、四、五句Untilthenteahadbeendrunkwithoutmilkinit,butonedayafamousFrenchladynamedMadamedeSevignedecidedtoseewhatteatastedlikewhenmilkwasadded…Becauseshewassuchagreatladyherfriendsthoughttheymustcopyeverythingshedid…SlowlythishabitspreaduntilitreachedEngland.（在那之前，人們喝茶不加牛奶，直到一位名叫塞維尼夫人的法國(guó)著名女士決定看看牛奶加茶是什么味道。因?yàn)樗侨绱藗ゴ蟮囊晃慌?，她的朋友們認(rèn)為她們必須模仿她所做的一切……慢慢地，這個(gè)習(xí)慣傳到了英國(guó)），可知是因?yàn)槿S尼夫人的影響人們開(kāi)始喝茶加奶，故D選項(xiàng)“塞維尼夫人很有影響力”正確。A選項(xiàng)“它嘗起來(lái)像牛奶”和B選項(xiàng)“它嘗起來(lái)更美味”：奶加上茶的口感是歐洲人持續(xù)這樣喝的原因，故錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“它成為了一種受歡迎的飲料”：這是歐洲人喝茶加奶的結(jié)果，故錯(cuò)誤。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第三段第五句SlowlythishabitspreaduntilitreachedEnglandandtodayonlyveryfewBritonsdrinkteawithoutmilk.（慢慢地，這個(gè)習(xí)慣傳到了英國(guó)，直到今天，只有很少的英國(guó)人喝茶不加牛奶。），可知英國(guó)喝茶主要受法國(guó)影響，法國(guó)主要受塞維尼夫人影響，故A選項(xiàng)“著名的法國(guó)女士”正確。B選項(xiàng)“古代中國(guó)”：文中只說(shuō)歐洲對(duì)茶的了解慢于中國(guó)，沒(méi)有提到古代中國(guó)和英國(guó)人喝茶的因果關(guān)系。C選項(xiàng)“上層階級(jí)”：沒(méi)有提到塞維尼夫人是什么階層，其他地方也沒(méi)有強(qiáng)調(diào)上層階級(jí)。D選項(xiàng)“荷蘭人”：最初英國(guó)從荷蘭買(mǎi)茶，跟喝茶習(xí)慣沒(méi)有直接因果關(guān)系。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

Manycountrieshaveadoptedsystemsof（

）educationinordertopromotetheaveragelevelofeducation.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.compulsory

B.cardinal

C.constrained

D.conventional

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)compulsory“義務(wù)的，必修的”；B選項(xiàng)cardinal“主要的，基本的”；C選項(xiàng)constrained“拘泥的，被強(qiáng)迫的”；D選項(xiàng)conventional“符合習(xí)俗的，傳統(tǒng)的”，由關(guān)鍵詞“education”可知空格部分意思應(yīng)該為“義務(wù)的，規(guī)定必修的”，句意為：許多國(guó)家采取義務(wù)教育體系，以提高平均的教育水平。與選項(xiàng)A意思相符。

13.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish

中國(guó)央行數(shù)據(jù)顯示，去年影子銀行融資占世界第二大經(jīng)濟(jì)體融資總量的近三分之一，凸顯中國(guó)影了銀行業(yè)的崛起。中國(guó)人民銀行表示，去年來(lái)自信托公司和影子銀行部門(mén)其他實(shí)體的融資金額創(chuàng)下歷史紀(jì)錄，占到全年總?cè)谫Y規(guī)模17.3萬(wàn)億元人民幣(臺(tái)2.9萬(wàn)億美元)的30%，髙于2012年23%的比重。

中國(guó)的影子銀行部門(mén)對(duì)地方政府債務(wù)的迅速增長(zhǎng)起到了助推作用。地方政府近年紛紛建立表外工具借款，為開(kāi)發(fā)項(xiàng)目提供資金支持。據(jù)中國(guó)國(guó)家審計(jì)署近期的一份報(bào)告似計(jì)，截至去年6月底，地方政府債務(wù)已接近3萬(wàn)億美元，比2010年年底上一次審計(jì)時(shí)增長(zhǎng)了70%。

【答案】TheriseofChina’sshadowbankingsectorhasbeenthrownintosharpreliefbydatafromthecentralbankshowingthatitaccountsfornearlyone-thirdofaggregatefinancingintheworld’ssecond-biggesteconomy.Fundingfromtrustcompaniesandotherentitiesintheshadowsectorrosetoitshighestlevelonrecordandaccountedfor30percentoftheRMB17.3tn($2.9tn)intotalcreditissuedlastyear,thePeople’sBankofChinasaid,upfroma23percentshareofaggregatefinancingin2012.

China’sshadowbankingsectorhashelpedfuelanalarmingrun-upinthedebtowedbylocalgovernments,whichhaveestablishedoff-balance-sheetvehiclestoborrowmoneyfordevelopmentprojects.ArecentreportbyChina’sNationalAuditOfficeestimatedthatlocalgovernmentdebtshadreachedalmost$3tnbyJunelastyear,rising70percentfromthepreviousauditattheendof2010.

14.單選題

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問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.literal

B.literary

C.liberal

D.linea