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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-上海中華職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹(jǐn)慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題
Presidentscomeandgo,butformorethanhalfacentury,thequeenhasalwaysbeenthequeen.SoitwasperhapsnosurprisethatWashingtonwentalittlegagaMonday,asQueenElizabethIIandherhusband,PrincePhilip,theDukeofEdinburgh,begananofficialtwo-dayvisittothecapital.
AcrosstheAtlantic,HelenMirren,whowonanAcademyAwardforherportrayalofElizabethin“TheQueen,”shockedtheBritishconscienceovertheweekendbyturningdownaninvitationtodineatBuckinghamPalace.ButontheothersideoftheAtlantic,thequeenwasmakingAmericansgoweakintheknees.
TheWhiteHousewasdecoratedtoperfectionforanexclusivewhite-tiedinneronMondayevening,withPresidentGeorgeW.Bushandthefirstlady,LauraBush,playinghosttotheroyalcoupleand130otherA-listguests.Butthemorningwasreservedforthemasses—or,atleast,themasseswiththekindofconnectionsthatwarrantaninvitationtotheformalarrivalceremonyontheSouthLawn.
Itwasadayforpompandcircumstance—amilitarycolorguard,afifeanddrumbandinwhitewigs,redjacketsandtri-corneredhats—punctuatedbyapresidentialslipofthetonguethatlightenedthemomentduringMr.Bush'swelcomingremarks.Mr.Bushremindedthe81-year-oldqueenthatshehadalreadydinedwith10Americanpresidents.
“Youhelpedournationcelebrateitsbicentennialin17—”hewenton,stoppingtocorrecthimselfbefore1776couldslipout.Thecrowderuptedinlaughter,andthepresidentandthequeenturnedtoeachotherforalong,silentgaze.Then,Mr.Bushturnedbacktothecrowdwithanexplanation.“Shegavemealook,”hesaid,“thatonlyamothercouldgiveachild.”
Mr.Bushhadbeentherecipientofsuchalookoncebeforeinthequeen’spresence—fromhisownmother,backin1991,whenthefirstPresidentandMrs.Bushplayedhosttotheirownstatedinnerforthequeen.Byseveraldifferentaccounts,includingMr.Bush’sown,BarbaraBushtoldthequeenthatshehadseatedhersonfarawayfromHerMajesty,forfearhemightmakeawisecrack.
Then,tohismother’shorror,hedid,tellingthequeenthathewashisfamily’sblacksheepandasking,“Who’syours?”Thequeen,apparentlynotamused,repliedtartly,“Noneofyourbusiness.”
IfthequeenwasnotamusedonMonday,shedidnotshowit.“I’msuresheaccepteditforwhatitwas—aslipofthetongue,”saidherpresssecretary,PennyRussell-Smith.
1.Itmaybeinferredfromthepassagethat().
2.HelenMirrenshockedtheBritishconsciencebecauseshe().
3.WhathappenedatMr.Bush’swelcomingremarks?
4.WemayinferfromthecontextthatthebicentennialofAmericannationcelebrationisheldin().
5.Wemayinferfromthecontextthat“blacksheep”(Line1,Para.7)probablymeans().
問題1選項
A.U.S.presidentsliketocomeandgo
B.thequeenhasalwaysbeeninpower
C.thequeenwasmuchesteemedbyU.S.people
D.QueenElizabethIIbegananofficialvisittothecapital
問題2選項
A.refusedtodineatBuckinghamPalacewiththeQueen
B.wonanAcademyAwardforherportrayalofElizabeth
C.sailedcrosstheAtlanticalone
D.HerMajestywasmakingAmericansgoweakintheknees
問題3選項
A.Hemadeaseriousmistake.
B.Hemadeaslipofthetongue.
C.HeplayedjokewiththeQueen.
D.Hemadealaughstalkhimself.
問題4選項
A.1776
B.1876
C.1976
D.1991
問題5選項
A.asheepofblackcolor
B.averystrangeperson
C.avaluablememberofthefamily
D.aworthlessmemberofarespectablegroup
【答案】第1題:D
第2題:A
第3題:B
第4題:C
第5題:D
【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第一自然段的內(nèi)容可知,“美國總統(tǒng)一直是換了又換,而大半個世紀(jì)以來,英國女王還是英國女王。所以當(dāng)伊麗莎白二世和她的丈夫菲利普親王,也就是愛丁堡公爵,于周一開始對美國首都進行為期兩天的正式訪問時,華盛頓陷入一陣狂熱也就不足為奇了?!庇纱丝芍?,選項D與原文表述一致,所以正確。A選項中的like表述錯誤;B選項缺少條件“formorethanhalfacentury”;C選項中“esteem”在原文中沒有體現(xiàn)。所以只有選項D正確。
2.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“HelenMirren”定位到第二段第一句“HelenMirren,whowonanAcademyAwardforherportrayalofElizabethin‘TheQueen,’shockedtheBritishconscienceovertheweekendbyturningdownaninvitationtodineatBuckinghamPalace.憑借在《女王》中扮演伊麗莎白一角而獲得奧斯卡獎的HelenMirren上周末拒絕了邀請她去白金漢宮吃飯的邀請,這讓英國人感到震驚?!庇纱丝芍?,選項A符合原文。
3.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)原文第五段第一句“‘Youhelpedournationcelebrateitsbicentennialin17—’hewenton,stoppingtocorrecthimselfbefore1776couldslipout.‘在您的幫助下,我們國家慶祝二百周年紀(jì)念日,在17……’他繼續(xù)說道,在1776年還沒說出口之前停下來糾正自己?!币约白詈笠欢蔚膬?nèi)容“‘I’msuresheaccepteditforwhatitwas—aslipofthetongue,’saidherpresssecretary,PennyRussell-Smith.她(女王)的新聞秘書PennyRussell-Smith說,我肯定她(女王)接受了這一事實,那只是一時口誤?!庇纱丝芍琈r.Bush在歡迎致辭的時候犯了口誤,選項B符合原文。
4.判斷推理題。1776是美國成立的時間,現(xiàn)在慶祝的是美國建國200周年,由此可以推斷,時間應(yīng)該是1976年,所以選項C正確。
5.詞義推斷題。布什總統(tǒng)小的時候跟女王說他是自己家里的“blacksheep”,意為“害群之馬,無用的人”,選項D與之意思相近,所以正確。
2.單選題
Itiseasiertogetdivorcedtodaythanintimespast,butitisnolesspainful.Studieshaveshownthatbothmenandwomensuffersignificantstressattwokeypoints:beforethedecisiontodivorceandatthetimeofthefinalseparation.Poorhealth,difficultyinsleepingandworking,loneliness,depression,anxiety,loweredself-esteem,andimpairedmemoryareallassociatedwiththedivorceprocess.Intheirstudyof252menandwomencurrentlyundergoingadivorce,DavidA.ChiribogaandLoraineCutlerfoundthatmenweremorevulnerabletostressthanwomen.Atthesametime,closeto50percentofbothmenandwomenreportedthattheyfeltsomereliefasaresultofhavinginitiatedthedivorceprocess.
Thechildrenofacoupleplanningtodivorcealsoshareinthepain,especiallyimmediatelyfollowingtheseparation.Intheirstudyoffamilybreakup,JudithS.WallersteinandJoanB.Kellyfoundthatparentsrarelypreparetheirchildrenforthecomingcrisis,nordotheyprovidethemwiththenecessaryassurancesthattheywillbecaredfor.Preoccupiedbytheirpersonalproblems,theparentsareofteninsensitivetotheirchildren'sanger,fearorperplexity.Whendivorcenecessitatesthatthemothergotowork,thechildmaybeplacedinunfamiliarchildcarearrangements,andbothmotherandfatherbecomesubstantiallylessavailable.Thefirstyearfollowingadivorceistypicallythemoststressfulfortheparentsandforthechild.Inthelongrun,however,divorceisnotnecessarilypsychologicallydamagingtochildren,particularlywhenbothparentsremainaccessibleandloving.
Whateverthepainthatdivorceinflicts,itdoesnotseemtosourpeopleontheinstitutionofmarriage.Afourthofthepeoplewhogetdivorcedareremarriedwithintheyear,and75percentremarrywithinnineyearsofdivorce.Aboutfiveofeverysixdivorcedmenandthreeofeveryfourdivorcedwomenmarryagain.Onereasonthatmenaremorelikelytoremarrythanwomenisthatmentypicallymarryyoungerwomen.Whenweconsiderthatbyagetwenty-sevenwomenbeginoutnumberingmen,wecanseehowmiddle-agedandoldermenhavealargerpoolofpotentialpartnersfromwhichtochoosethandowomen.Insum,whilemarriagemaybedifficulttosustain,itiscertainlynotgoingoutofstyle.
1.Accordingtothepassage,womensuffersignificantstresswhen()
2.Thedivorcedparentsignoretheirchildren'sangerandfearbecause().
3.Fromthispassagewecanknowthat().
4.Accordingtothepassage,thepercentageofremarryingmanishigherthanthatofthewomenby().
問題1選項
A.theyareforcedtoleavetheirchildren
B.thepropertyisdivided
C.makinguptheirmindtogetadivorce
D.goingtoacourt
問題2選項
A.theyarepoorlypreparedforthecomingcrisis
B.theyareundergreatstress
C.theythinktoomuchabouttheirownproblems
D.theyhavetoliveontheirown
問題3選項
A.divorcemaydogreaterharmtochildrenmentallyandphysicallythantheparents
B.familybreakupcanbeavoidedifthecouple'spersonalproblemsaresettled
C.marriageremainspopularinspiteofrisingdivorcerate
D.Childrenwilllosetheparentalcareandloveaftertheirparentsgetdivorced
問題4選項
A.25%
B.75%
C.8%
D.27%
【答案】第1題:C
第2題:C
第3題:C
第4題:C
【解析】第1題:1.【選項釋義】
1.Accordingtothepassage,womensuffersignificantstresswhen______.1.根據(jù)這篇文章,當(dāng)女性______時,她們會承受巨大的壓力。
A.theyareforcedtoleavetheirchildrenA.女性被迫離開她們的孩子
B.thepropertyisdividedB.財產(chǎn)被分割
C.makinguptheirmindtogetadivorceC.決定離婚
D.goingtoacourtD.上法庭
【考查點】事實細(xì)節(jié)題。
【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞womensuffersignificantstress可定位到第一段第二句“研究表明,男人和女人都在兩個關(guān)鍵時刻承受著巨大的壓力,即在決定離婚之前和最后分居的時候(beforethedecisiontodivorceandatthetimeofthefinalseparation)”。所以選項C符合原文。
【干擾項排除】A項“女性被迫離開她們的孩子”、B項“財產(chǎn)被分割”和D項“上法庭”都沒提到,無中生有。
第2題:2.【選項釋義】
2.Thedivorcedparentsignoretheirchildren’sangerandfearbecause______.2.離婚的父母無視孩子的憤怒和恐懼,因為______。
A.theyarepoorlypreparedforthecomingcrisisA.他們對即將到來的危機準(zhǔn)備不足
B.theyareundergreatstressB.他們的壓力很大
C.theythinktoomuchabouttheirownproblemsC.他們對自己的問題想得太多了
D.theyhavetoliveontheirownD.他們必須靠自己生活
【考查點】事實細(xì)節(jié)題。
【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞children’sangerandfear定位到第二段的第三句“父母往往被自己的個人問題所困擾(Preoccupiedbytheirpersonalproblems),所以對孩子的憤怒、恐懼或困惑無動于衷”。理解可知,離婚的父母無視孩子的憤怒和恐懼,是因為父母被自己的個人問題所困擾,C項“他們對自己的問題想得太多了”與原文一致。
【干擾項排除】
A項“他們對即將到來的危機準(zhǔn)備不足”和B項“他們的壓力很大”在文中有提及,但不是對孩子的憤怒等情緒無動于衷的原因,張冠李戴;
D項“他們必須靠自己生活”在文中沒有原文依據(jù),無中生有。
第3題:3.【選項釋義】
3.Fromthispassagewecanknowthat______.3.從這篇文章中我們可以知道______。
A.divorcemaydogreaterharmtochildrenmentallyandphysicallythantheparentsA.離婚對孩子的身心傷害可能比父母更大
B.familybreakupcanbeavoidedifthecouple’spersonalproblemsaresettledB.如果夫妻倆的個人問題得到解決,家庭破裂是可以避免的
C.marriageremainspopularinspiteofrisingdivorcerateC.盡管離婚率不斷上升,婚姻仍然很受歡迎
D.childrenwilllosetheparentalcareandloveaftertheirparentsgetdivorcedD.父母離婚后,孩子就會失去父母的關(guān)愛
【考查點】推理判斷題。
【解題思路】根據(jù)第三段第一句話“不管離婚會帶來怎樣的痛苦,它似乎不會讓人們對婚姻制度感到厭惡(itdoesnotseemtosourpeopleontheinstitutionofmarriage)”以及最后一句話“盡管婚姻難以維持,但它肯定不會過時(itiscertainlynotgoingoutofstyle)”,從notgoingoutofstyle(不過時)可推測,盡管離婚率升高,但結(jié)婚依然很流行。C項“盡管離婚率不斷上升,婚姻仍然很受歡迎”正確。
【干擾項排除】
A項“離婚對孩子的身心傷害可能比父母更大”,第二段雖然提到“離婚后的第一年對父母和孩子來說通常是壓力最大的一年”,但并沒有孩子與父母受到傷害之間的比較,屬于曲解原文;
B項“如果夫妻倆的個人問題得到解決,家庭破裂是可以避免的”,由第二段可知,文中提到父母總是忙于自己的個人問題,往往對孩子的憤怒、恐懼或困惑無動于衷,但是并沒有個人問題解決,家庭就不會破碎的相關(guān)說法,該項無中生有;
D項“父母離婚后,孩子就會失去父母的關(guān)愛”從第二段最后一句話“然而,從長遠(yuǎn)來看,離婚并不一定會對孩子造成心理傷害,尤其是當(dāng)父母雙方都能保持親近和關(guān)愛的時候”可知,離婚會導(dǎo)致孩子失去關(guān)愛不是必然事件,而是在于父母的態(tài)度,該項曲解原文。
第4題:4.【選項釋義】
4.Accordingtothepassage,thepercentageofremarryingmanishigherthanthatofthewomenby______.4.根據(jù)這篇文章,再婚的男性比再婚的女性高______。
A.25%A.25%
B.75%B.75%
C.8%C.8%
D.27%D.27%
【考查點】推理判斷題。
【解題思路】由題干關(guān)鍵詞thepercentageofremarrying定位到本文最后一段的第三句“大約六分之五的離婚男性和四分之三的離婚女性會再婚”,所以六分之五減去四分之三等于十二分之一,約等于8%。故該題選擇C項正確。
【干擾項排除】
A項“25%”是離婚者再婚的百分比,張冠李戴;
B項“75%”是離婚女性再婚的百分比,張冠李戴;
D項“27%”沒有提到,無中生有。
3.單選題
Sometimesithasbeenarguedthattheevolutionwas___andmorerecentlystillithasbeenarguedthatnoevolutionineitherdirectiontookplace.
問題1選項
A.ontheotherhand
B.theotherwayround
C.onthegrounds
D.theotherwayabout
【答案】C
【解析】考查詞組。A選項ontheotherhand“另一方面”;B選項theotherwayround“相反”;C選項onthegrounds“是基于事實的”;D選項theotherwayabout“相反地,以相反方式”。句意:有時人們爭論說進化是基于事實的,而最近人們還爭論說沒有朝任何一個方向發(fā)生進化。結(jié)合句意判斷出C選項正確。
4.單選題
Atfirst,the(
)ofcolorpicturesoveralongdistanceseemedimpossiblebutwithpainstakingeffortsandatgreatexpense,itbecameareality.
問題1選項
A.transaction
B.transmission
C.transformation
D.transition
【答案】B
【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析題。A選項transaction“辦理,處理;業(yè)務(wù),交易”;B選項transmission“播送,發(fā)射,傳送”;C選項transformation“變化,轉(zhuǎn)化”;D選項transition“轉(zhuǎn)變,轉(zhuǎn)換”。句意:起初,遠(yuǎn)距離傳輸彩色圖片似乎是不可能的,但隨著人們的艱苦努力和花費的巨大的代價,它終于變成了現(xiàn)實。結(jié)合句意,表示傳輸彩色圖片,故B選項正確。
5.翻譯題
建設(shè)民主法治、公平正義、誠信友愛、充滿活力、安定有序、人與自然和諧相處的社會主義和諧社會,要廣泛團結(jié)一切可以團結(jié)的力量,充分調(diào)動一切積極因素,激發(fā)全社會的創(chuàng)造活力;要妥善處理各方面利益關(guān)系,讓全體人民共享改革和建設(shè)的成果;要正確處理改革發(fā)展穩(wěn)定的關(guān)系,努力為經(jīng)濟社會持續(xù)發(fā)展創(chuàng)造有利條件和良好環(huán)境。
【答案】答:
Tobuildasocialistsocietythatisdemocraticandlaw-based,fairandjust,trustworthyandfriendly,fullofvigorandvitality,secureandorderly,andinwhichmanandnatureareinharmony,weneedtouniteallforcesthatcanbeunited,bringallpositivefactorsintofullplayandstimulatethecreativityoftheentiresociety.Weneedtoproperlybalancetheinterestsofallquartersandensurethateveryonesharesthefruitsofreformanddevelopment.Wealsoneedtobalancereform,developmentandstabilityandstrivetocreatefavorableconditionsandagoodclimateforsustainedeconomicandsocialdevelopment.
6.單選題
By1776thefineartofpaintingasithaddevelopedinwesternEuropeuptothistimehadbeenintroducedintotheAmericancoloniesthroughbooksandprints,Europeanvisitorsandimmigrants,andtravelingcolonistswhobroughtbackcopies(andafeworiginal)ofoldmasterpaintingsandacquaintancewithEuropeanartinstitutions.
BytheoutbreakoftheRevolutionagainstBritishrulein1776,thestatusoftheartistshadalreadyundergonechange.Inthemid-eighteenthcentury,paintershadbeenwillingtoassumesuchartisan-relatedtasksasvarnishing,gildingteaching,keepingartistsweredescribedatthetimesuggeststheirstatus:"limner"wasusuallyappliedtotheanonymousportraitpainteruptothe1760's:"painter"characterizedanyonewhocouldpaintaflatsurface.Bythesecondhalfofthecentury,colonialartistswhoweretrainedinEnglandoreducatedintheclassicsrejectedthestatusoflaborerandthoughtofthemselvesasartists.Somecolonialurbanportraitists,suchasJohnSingletonCopley,BenjaminWest,andCharlesWilsonPeale,consortedwithaffluentpatrons.Althoughsubjecttofluctuationsintheireconomicstatus,allthreeenjoyedsufficientpatronagetoallowthemtomaintainanimageofthemselvesasprofessionalartists,animageindicatedbytheircustomofsigningtheirpaintings.AfewartcollectorsJamesBowdoinIIIofBoston,WilliamByrdofVirginian,andtheAliensandHamiltonsofPhiladelphiaintroducedEuropeanarttraditionstothosecolonistsprivilegedtovisittheirgalleries,especiallyaspiringartists,andestablishedintheirrespectivecommunitiestheideaofthevalueofartandtheneedforinstitutionsdevotedtoitsencouragement.
Althoughthecoloniststendedtofavorportraits,theyalsoacceptedlandscapes,historicalworks,andpoliticalengravingsasappropriateartisticsubjects.WiththecomingofindependencefromtheBritishCrown,asufficientnumberofartistsandtheirworkswereavailabletoservenationalisticpurposes.Theachievementsofthecolonialartists,particularlythoseofCopley,West,andPeale,lentcredencetotheboastthatthenewnationwascapableofencouraginggeniusandthatpoliticallibertywascongenialtothedevelopmentoftaste—anecessarystepbeforeartcouldassumeanimportantroleinthenewrepublic.
1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?
2.Accordingtothepassage,beforetheAmericanRevolutionthemaintaskoflimnerswasto()
3.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatartistswhoweretrainedinEngland()
4.Accordingtothepassage,artistssuchasCopley,WestandPealesignedtheirpaintingsbecausethis()
5.TheauthormentionsJamesBowdoinIIIandWilliamByrdinParagraph2asexamplesofwhichofthefollowing?
6.Withwhichofthefollowingwouldtheauthorbemostlikelytoagree?
問題1選項
A.EuropeaninfluenceoncolonialAmericanpainting.
B.Theimportanceofpatronagetoartists.
C.ThechangingstatusofartistsintheAmericancoloniesintheeighteenthcentury.
D.SubjectspreferredbyartistsintheAmericancoloniesintheeighteenthcentury.
問題2選項
A.paintwheelcarriages
B.paintportraits
C.varnishfurniture
D.paintflatsurfaces
問題3選項
A.consideredartiststobesuperiortopainters
B.barelypaintedportraitists
C.wereoftenverywealthy
D.imitatedEnglishpainters
問題4選項
A.increasedthemonetaryvalueofthepaintings
B.madeitmoredifficultforotherartiststocopythepaintings
C.supportedtheartists'imageofprofessionalism
D.distinguishedcolonialAmericanartistsfromEuropeanartists
問題5選項
A.ArtgalleryownerswhodisplayedonlyEuropeanart.
B.ArtcollectorswhohadaprofoundinfluenceonAmericanattitudestowardart.
C.Artistswhogavefinancialsupporttootherartists.
D.Patronswhohelpedtoencourageartisanstobecomeartists.
問題6選項
A.Countriesthathavenothadapoliticalrevolutionareunlikelytodevelopgreatart.
B.Themostsuccessfulartcollectorsareusuallyartiststhemselves.
C.ThevalueofcolonialAmericanpaintingsdecreasedaftertheRevolution.
D.Colonialartistsmadeanimportantcontributiontotheevolvingcultureofthenewnation.
【答案】第1題:C
第2題:B
第3題:A
第4題:C
第5題:B
第6題:D
【解析】第1題:主旨題。分析全文可知第二段首句為中心句?!癇ytheoutbreakoftheRevolutionagainstBritishrulein1776,thestatusoftheartistshadalreadyundergonechange.”選項C提到18世紀(jì)美國殖民地藝術(shù)家地位的變化,符合原文。
第2題:細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“l(fā)imner”定位到第二段的第二句“l(fā)imnerwasusuallyappliedtotheanonymousportraitpainteruptothe1760's”。選項B正確。
第3題:細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“trainedinEngland”定位到第二段的第三句“colonialartistswhoweretrainedinEnglandoreducatedintheclassicsrejectedthestatusoflaborerandthoughtofthemselvesasartists.”在英國受訓(xùn)或接受古典文學(xué)教育的殖民地藝術(shù)家拒絕勞動者的身份,認(rèn)為自己是藝術(shù)家。選項A符合原文。
第4題:細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“Copley,WestandPeale”定位到第二段的四、五句“...allthreeenjoyedsufficientpatronagetoallowthemtomaintainanimageofthemselvesasprofessionalartists,...”它們都得到了足夠的資助,使它們保持了專業(yè)藝術(shù)家的形象。選項C符合原文。
第5題:細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)第二段的最后一句“establishedintheirrespectivecommunitiestheideaofthevalueofartandtheneedforinstitutionsdevotedtoitsencouragement.”可以理解為一些對藝術(shù)發(fā)展起到了作用的收藏者。選項B符合原文。
第6題:細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)原文最后一段的最后一句“....anecessarystepbeforeartcouldassumeanimportantroleinthenewrepublic.”殖民時期的藝術(shù)家對這個新興國家不斷發(fā)展的文化做出了重要貢獻。選項D符合原文。
7.單選題
Themayorisawomanwithgreatforthrightnessandthereforedeservesourpoliticalandfinancialsupport.
問題1選項
A.intention
B.instinct
C.integrity
D.intensity
【答案】C
【解析】考查名詞辨析。forthrightness意為“坦率,直率”;intention意為“意圖,目的”;instinct意為“本能,天性”;integrity意為“正直,誠實”;intensity意為“強烈”。
句意:市長是一位非常直率的女性,因此值得我們的政治和財政支持。
8.單選題
Mostmembersofthecamelfamilyarefoundinaridhabitats.
問題1選項
A.dirty
B.dry
C.sandy
D.harsh
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項dirty“下流的,卑鄙的,骯臟的”,B項dry“干的,口渴的,枯燥無味的”,C項sandy“沙地的,多沙的,含沙的”,D項harsh“嚴(yán)厲的,嚴(yán)酷的,刺耳的”。句意:駱駝科的大多數(shù)成員生活在干旱的棲息地。根據(jù)句意可知,arid在句中表示“干旱的”,四個選項中意思與之相近的是B項。因此,該題選擇B項。
9.問答題
Ambition,(A)asopposedtomerefantasizingaboutdesires,impliesworkanddisciplinetoachievegoals,personalandsocialofakind(B)societycansurvivewithout.Ambition(C)isintimatelyconnectedwithfamily,formenandwomennotonlyworkpartyfortheirfamilies,but(D)harborsomeoftheirmostardentambitionsfortheirchildren.
【答案】B;改成societycannotsurvivewithout。
10.單選題
Acensor’sdutyistoensurethatnocontentis()inpublicationsorfilms.
問題1選項
A.evil
B.obscure
C.obscene
D.opaque
【答案】C
【解析】句意:審查員的職責(zé)是確保出版物或電影中沒有淫穢內(nèi)容。
考查形容詞辨析。evil邪惡的;不幸的;有害的;討厭的;obscure昏暗的;朦朧的;晦澀的;無名的;obscene淫穢的;猥褻的;opaque不透明的;不傳熱的;遲鈍的。因此C符合句意。
11.單選題
Whiletyping,Kathyhadahabitofstopping()ogiveherlongandflowinghairasmooth.
問題1選項
A.promptly
B.simultaneously
C.eventually
D.occasionally
【答案】D
【解析】副詞辨析。句意:在打字的時候,凱西停下來梳理一下她柔順的長發(fā)的習(xí)慣。promptly敏捷地,迅速地;simultaneously同時地;eventually最終,最后;occasionally偶爾。因此,D項符合句意。
12.單選題
Weleftthemeeting,thereobviously(
)nopointinstaying.
問題1選項
A.were
B.tobe
C.being
D.having
【答案】C
【解析】句意:我們離開了會議,因為留下來顯然沒有什么意義。
語法題??疾閠herebe句型。thereisnopointindoingsth.表示“做某事沒有用或沒有意義”,因此排除D。前半句已經(jīng)是完整句子,因此后半句可以是非謂語充當(dāng)原因狀語。因此C項being正確。
13.單選題
Hewouldn’teventhinkofwearingclothes;()theymakehimlooksoold!
問題1選項
A.same
B.despite
C.such
D.that
【答案】D
【解析】用that從句表原因,所以選項D正確。
14.單選題
Anenquiringmindcancatch____toanewideaquickly.
問題1選項
A.on
B.uр
C.at
D.out
【答案】A
【解析】【選項釋義】
A.on在……之上B.up向上
C.at在D.out向外
【答案】A
【考查點】固定搭配。
【解題思路】固定搭配catchonto表示“理解;明白”。由句意“善于探究的人能很快……一個新觀點?!笨芍?,該搭配符合句意,譯為:善于探究的人能很快理解一個新觀點。因此選A。
【干擾項排除】B、C、D選項均不符合搭配。
【句意】善于探究的人能很快理解一個新觀點。
15.單選題
“WelcometotheUSA!Majorcreditcardsareaccepted!”Bythemillionstheyarecomingnolongerthetired,thepoor,thewretchedmasseslongingforabetterliving.Thesearethewealthy.“Wedon’thaveabudget,”saysabiologistfromBrazil,asshewalkswithtwocompanionsthroughNewYorkCity’sSouthStreet.“Wejustuseourcreditcards.”
TheUShaslongbeenoneoftheworld’smostpopulartouristdestinations,butthisyearhasbeenexceptional.First,therewastheWorldCup,whichdrewthousandsfromeverycomeroftheglobe;thencametheweakeningoftheUSdollaragainstmajorcurrencies.NowtheUS,stilltheworld’ssuperpower,canalsoclaimtobetheworld’sbargainbasement(廉價商品部).NobodyundersellsAmericathesedaysonjustabouteverything,fromconsumerelectronicstofashionclothestotennisrackets.Bottomretailpricesanywherefrom30%to70%lowerthanthoseinEuropeandAsiahaveattractedsome47millionvisitors,whoareexpectedtoleavebehind$79billionin1994.That’supfrom$74billiontheyearbefore.
True,noteveryonecomesjustforbargains.ThereremainsanundeniablefascinationintherestoftheworldwithallthingsAmerican,nourishedbyHollywoodfilmsandUStelevisionseries.ButshoppingintheUSAisprovingirresistible.Everyweekthousandsarrivewithemptysuitcasesreadytobefilled;someevenrentanadditionalhotelroomtoholdtheirpurchases.Thebuyingbinge(無節(jié)制)hasbecomeasimportantaswatchingOldFaithfulFountainseruptinYellowstoneParkorsunbathingonabeachinFlorida.
TheUShascomeatlasttoappreciatewhatothercountrieslearnedlongago:thepouringinofforeigntouristsmaynotalwaysbeconvenient,butitdoesputmoneyinthebank.Andwithatradedeficitatabout$130billionandgrowingforthepast12months,theUSneedsallthedepositsitcanget.ComparedwithAmericantouristsabroad,visitorstotheUSstaylongerandspendmoremoneyateachstop;anaverageof12.2nightand$1624atravelerversustheAmericans’fournightsand$298.
41.FromwhattheBrazilianbiologistsays,weknowthattouristslikeher().
42.Thereasonwhy1994wasexceptionalisthat().
43.Bysaying“nobodyundersellsAmerica”,theauthormeansthat().
44.WhydoestheauthorassertthatallthingsAmericanarefascinatingtoforeigners?
45.FromthepassagewecanconcludethattheUShascometorealize().
問題1選項
A.arereluctanttocarrycashwiththem
B.simplydon’tcarehowmuchtheyspend
C.arenotgoodatplanningtheirexpenditure
D.oftenspendmoremoneythantheycanafford
問題2選項
A.itsawanunusuallylargenumberoftouristsintheUS
B.itwitnessedadropinthenumberoftouristsintheUS
C.tourismwashardlyaffectedbytheweakeningoftheUSdollarthatyear
D.touristscametotheUSforsightseeingratherthanforbargainsthatyear
問題3選項
A.nocountryunderestimatesthecompetitivenessofAmericanproducts
B.nobodyexpectstheAmericanstocutthepricesoftheircommodities
C.nobodyrestrainsthesellingofAmericangoods
D.nocountrysellsatalowerpricethanAmerica
問題4選項
A.BecausetheyhavegainedmuchpublicitythroughtheAmericanmedia.
B.Becausetheyrepresenttheworld'slatestfashions.
C.Becausetheyembodythemostsophisticatedtechnology.
D.Becausetheyareavailableatalltouristdestinations.
問題5選項
A.theweakeningoftheUSdollarcanresultintradedeficits
B.thelowertheretailprices,thegreatertheprofits
C.tourismcanmakegreatcontributionstoitseconomy
D.visitorstotheUSarethewealthiestintheworld
【答案】第1題:A
第2題:A
第3題:D
第4題:A
第5題:C
【解析】41.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干信息定位到原文第一段,Wedon’thaveabudget...wejustuseourcreditcards.(我們沒有預(yù)算,我們只用信用卡。)是指花錢不用做預(yù)算,想買就用信用卡,其暗含的意思就是B選項“根本不在乎他們花了多少錢”正確。A選項“不愿意帶現(xiàn)金”,雖然文章說他們用信用卡,但是并沒有說他們就不愛用現(xiàn)金,錯誤;C選項“不擅長規(guī)劃自己的支出”,原文沒有提到;D選項“經(jīng)?;ǖ腻X超出他們的負(fù)擔(dān)能力”,過度推斷。
42.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第二段First,therewastheWorldCup,whichdrewthousandsfromeverycomeroftheglobe;thencametheweakeningoftheUSdollaragainstmajorcurrencies.(首先是世界杯,吸引了來自世界各地的成千上萬的人;其次是美元對其他主要貨幣的匯率下跌。)這兩點吸引了大量的游客,因此這一年才非同尋常,因此A選項“美國的游客數(shù)量異乎尋常地多”,正確。B選項“到美國旅游的人數(shù)出現(xiàn)了下降”,與事實相反;C選項“那一年,旅游業(yè)幾乎沒有受到美元貶值的影響”,與原文不符,原文說了美元貶值也是它的原因之一;D選項“那一年,游客來美國觀光而不是買便宜貨”,無法通過原文推斷出來。
43.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第二段第三句話NowtheUS,stilltheworld’ssuperpower,canalsoclaimtobetheworld’sbargainbasement.(美國現(xiàn)在仍是世界上的超級大國,也可以聲稱是世界上的廉價商品部。)所以,nobodyundersellsAmerica這句話所暗含的意思是:沒有哪個國家的物價水平比美國更低。在后文中,作者又提到了美國的零售底價比歐洲低30%,比亞洲低70%。這一事實更證明了這一觀點的正確性。因此D選項“沒有一個國家的售價比美國更低”正確。A選項“沒有一個國家會低估美國產(chǎn)品的競爭力”,原文沒有提及;B選項“沒有人指望美國人降低他們的商品價格”,無關(guān)選項;C選項“沒有人限制美國商品的銷售”,無關(guān)項。
44.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第三段ThereremainsanundeniablefascinationintherestoftheworldwithallthingsAmerican,nourishedbyHollywoodfilmsandUStelevisionseries.ButshoppingtheUSAisprovingirresistible.(在世界其他地方,人們對美國的一切事物都有著不可否認(rèn)的迷戀,這得益于好萊塢電影和美國電視劇。)這句話說明了是媒體使人們對美國貨產(chǎn)生迷戀,因此A選項“因為他們通過美國媒體獲得了大量的宣傳”正確。B選項“因為它們代表了世界上最新的時尚”,這一點文章沒有表述;C選項“因為它們體現(xiàn)了最復(fù)雜的技術(shù)”錯誤;D選項“因為它們在所有旅游目的地都能買到”,無關(guān)項。
45.歸納概括題。最后一段的第一句TheUShascomeatlasttoappreciatewhatothercountrieslearnedlongago:thepouringinofforeigntouristsmaynotalwaysbeconvenient,butitdoesputmoneyinthebank.(美國終于意識到其它國家很久以前就學(xué)到的東西:外國游客的涌入可能并不總是方便的,但它確實把錢存進了銀行。)言外之意就是美國已經(jīng)意識到旅游業(yè)為美國經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展做出非常重大的貢獻,大批外國游客涌入美國,并給美國政府帶來了大筆收入。因此C選項“旅游業(yè)可以對經(jīng)濟做出巨大貢獻”正確。A選項“美元的疲軟會導(dǎo)致貿(mào)易赤字”,是片面信息;B選項“零售價格越低,利潤就越大”,不是重點;D選項“美國的游客是世界上最富有的”,原文根本沒有提到,無中生有。
16.單選題
Science,inpractice,dependsfarlessontheexperimentsitpreparesthanonthepreparednessofthemindsofthemenwhowatchtheexperiments.SirIsaacNewtonsupposedlydiscoveredgravitythroughthefallofanapple.Appleshadbeenfallinginmanyplacesforcenturiesandthousandsofpeoplehadseenthemfall.ButNewtonforyearshadbeencuriousaboutthecauseoftheorbitalmotionofthemoonandplanets.Whatkepttheminplace?Whydidn’ttheyfalloutofthesky?Thefactthattheapplefelldowntowardtheearthandnotupintothetreeansweredthequestionhehadbeenaskinghimselfaboutthoselargerfruitsoftheheavens,themoonandtheplanets.
Howmanymenwouldhaveconsideredthepossibilityofanapplefallingupintothetree?Newtondidbecausehewasnottryingtopredictanything.Hewasjustwondering.Hismindwasreadyfortheunpredictable.Unpredictabilityispartoftheessentialnatureofresearch.Ifyoudon’thaveunpredictablethings,youdon’thaveresearch.Scientiststendtoforgetthiswhenwritingtheircutanddriedreportsforthetechnicaljournalsbuthistoryisfilledwithexamplesofit.
Intalkingtosomescientists,particularlyyoungerones,youmightgathertheimpressionthattheyfindthe“scientificmethod”asubstituteforimaginativethought.I’veattendedresearchconferenceswhereascientisthasbeenaskedwhathethinksabouttheadvisabilityofcontinuin
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