考研考博-英語-上海中華職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-上海中華職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Presidentscomeandgo,butformorethanhalfacentury,thequeenhasalwaysbeenthequeen.SoitwasperhapsnosurprisethatWashingtonwentalittlegagaMonday,asQueenElizabethIIandherhusband,PrincePhilip,theDukeofEdinburgh,begananofficialtwo-dayvisittothecapital.

AcrosstheAtlantic,HelenMirren,whowonanAcademyAwardforherportrayalofElizabethin“TheQueen,”shockedtheBritishconscienceovertheweekendbyturningdownaninvitationtodineatBuckinghamPalace.ButontheothersideoftheAtlantic,thequeenwasmakingAmericansgoweakintheknees.

TheWhiteHousewasdecoratedtoperfectionforanexclusivewhite-tiedinneronMondayevening,withPresidentGeorgeW.Bushandthefirstlady,LauraBush,playinghosttotheroyalcoupleand130otherA-listguests.Butthemorningwasreservedforthemasses—or,atleast,themasseswiththekindofconnectionsthatwarrantaninvitationtotheformalarrivalceremonyontheSouthLawn.

Itwasadayforpompandcircumstance—amilitarycolorguard,afifeanddrumbandinwhitewigs,redjacketsandtri-corneredhats—punctuatedbyapresidentialslipofthetonguethatlightenedthemomentduringMr.Bush'swelcomingremarks.Mr.Bushremindedthe81-year-oldqueenthatshehadalreadydinedwith10Americanpresidents.

“Youhelpedournationcelebrateitsbicentennialin17—”hewenton,stoppingtocorrecthimselfbefore1776couldslipout.Thecrowderuptedinlaughter,andthepresidentandthequeenturnedtoeachotherforalong,silentgaze.Then,Mr.Bushturnedbacktothecrowdwithanexplanation.“Shegavemealook,”hesaid,“thatonlyamothercouldgiveachild.”

Mr.Bushhadbeentherecipientofsuchalookoncebeforeinthequeen’spresence—fromhisownmother,backin1991,whenthefirstPresidentandMrs.Bushplayedhosttotheirownstatedinnerforthequeen.Byseveraldifferentaccounts,includingMr.Bush’sown,BarbaraBushtoldthequeenthatshehadseatedhersonfarawayfromHerMajesty,forfearhemightmakeawisecrack.

Then,tohismother’shorror,hedid,tellingthequeenthathewashisfamily’sblacksheepandasking,“Who’syours?”Thequeen,apparentlynotamused,repliedtartly,“Noneofyourbusiness.”

IfthequeenwasnotamusedonMonday,shedidnotshowit.“I’msuresheaccepteditforwhatitwas—aslipofthetongue,”saidherpresssecretary,PennyRussell-Smith.

1.Itmaybeinferredfromthepassagethat（）.

2.HelenMirrenshockedtheBritishconsciencebecauseshe（）.

3.WhathappenedatMr.Bush’swelcomingremarks?

4.WemayinferfromthecontextthatthebicentennialofAmericannationcelebrationisheldin（）.

5.Wemayinferfromthecontextthat“blacksheep”(Line1,Para.7)probablymeans（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.U.S.presidentsliketocomeandgo

B.thequeenhasalwaysbeeninpower

C.thequeenwasmuchesteemedbyU.S.people

D.QueenElizabethIIbegananofficialvisittothecapital

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.refusedtodineatBuckinghamPalacewiththeQueen

B.wonanAcademyAwardforherportrayalofElizabeth

C.sailedcrosstheAtlanticalone

D.HerMajestywasmakingAmericansgoweakintheknees

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Hemadeaseriousmistake.

B.Hemadeaslipofthetongue.

C.HeplayedjokewiththeQueen.

D.Hemadealaughstalkhimself.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.1776

B.1876

C.1976

D.1991

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.asheepofblackcolor

B.averystrangeperson

C.avaluablememberofthefamily

D.aworthlessmemberofarespectablegroup

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一自然段的內(nèi)容可知，“美國總統(tǒng)一直是換了又換，而大半個(gè)世紀(jì)以來，英國女王還是英國女王。所以當(dāng)伊麗莎白二世和她的丈夫菲利普親王，也就是愛丁堡公爵，于周一開始對(duì)美國首都進(jìn)行為期兩天的正式訪問時(shí)，華盛頓陷入一陣狂熱也就不足為奇了?！庇纱丝芍?，選項(xiàng)D與原文表述一致，所以正確。A選項(xiàng)中的like表述錯(cuò)誤；B選項(xiàng)缺少條件“formorethanhalfacentury”；C選項(xiàng)中“esteem”在原文中沒有體現(xiàn)。所以只有選項(xiàng)D正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“HelenMirren”定位到第二段第一句“HelenMirren,whowonanAcademyAwardforherportrayalofElizabethin‘TheQueen,’shockedtheBritishconscienceovertheweekendbyturningdownaninvitationtodineatBuckinghamPalace.憑借在《女王》中扮演伊麗莎白一角而獲得奧斯卡獎(jiǎng)的HelenMirren上周末拒絕了邀請(qǐng)她去白金漢宮吃飯的邀請(qǐng)，這讓英國人感到震驚?！庇纱丝芍?，選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)原文第五段第一句“‘Youhelpedournationcelebrateitsbicentennialin17—’hewenton,stoppingtocorrecthimselfbefore1776couldslipout.‘在您的幫助下，我們國家慶祝二百周年紀(jì)念日，在17……’他繼續(xù)說道，在1776年還沒說出口之前停下來糾正自己?！币约白詈笠欢蔚膬?nèi)容“‘I’msuresheaccepteditforwhatitwas—aslipofthetongue,’saidherpresssecretary,PennyRussell-Smith.她（女王）的新聞秘書PennyRussell-Smith說，我肯定她（女王）接受了這一事實(shí)，那只是一時(shí)口誤。”由此可知，Mr.Bush在歡迎致辭的時(shí)候犯了口誤，選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

4.判斷推理題。1776是美國成立的時(shí)間，現(xiàn)在慶祝的是美國建國200周年，由此可以推斷，時(shí)間應(yīng)該是1976年，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

5.詞義推斷題。布什總統(tǒng)小的時(shí)候跟女王說他是自己家里的“blacksheep”，意為“害群之馬，無用的人”，選項(xiàng)D與之意思相近，所以正確。

2.單選題

Itiseasiertogetdivorcedtodaythanintimespast,butitisnolesspainful.Studieshaveshownthatbothmenandwomensuffersignificantstressattwokeypoints:beforethedecisiontodivorceandatthetimeofthefinalseparation.Poorhealth,difficultyinsleepingandworking,loneliness,depression,anxiety,loweredself-esteem,andimpairedmemoryareallassociatedwiththedivorceprocess.Intheirstudyof252menandwomencurrentlyundergoingadivorce,DavidA.ChiribogaandLoraineCutlerfoundthatmenweremorevulnerabletostressthanwomen.Atthesametime,closeto50percentofbothmenandwomenreportedthattheyfeltsomereliefasaresultofhavinginitiatedthedivorceprocess.

Thechildrenofacoupleplanningtodivorcealsoshareinthepain,especiallyimmediatelyfollowingtheseparation.Intheirstudyoffamilybreakup,JudithS.WallersteinandJoanB.Kellyfoundthatparentsrarelypreparetheirchildrenforthecomingcrisis,nordotheyprovidethemwiththenecessaryassurancesthattheywillbecaredfor.Preoccupiedbytheirpersonalproblems,theparentsareofteninsensitivetotheirchildren'sanger,fearorperplexity.Whendivorcenecessitatesthatthemothergotowork,thechildmaybeplacedinunfamiliarchildcarearrangements,andbothmotherandfatherbecomesubstantiallylessavailable.Thefirstyearfollowingadivorceistypicallythemoststressfulfortheparentsandforthechild.Inthelongrun,however,divorceisnotnecessarilypsychologicallydamagingtochildren,particularlywhenbothparentsremainaccessibleandloving.

Whateverthepainthatdivorceinflicts,itdoesnotseemtosourpeopleontheinstitutionofmarriage.Afourthofthepeoplewhogetdivorcedareremarriedwithintheyear,and75percentremarrywithinnineyearsofdivorce.Aboutfiveofeverysixdivorcedmenandthreeofeveryfourdivorcedwomenmarryagain.Onereasonthatmenaremorelikelytoremarrythanwomenisthatmentypicallymarryyoungerwomen.Whenweconsiderthatbyagetwenty-sevenwomenbeginoutnumberingmen,wecanseehowmiddle-agedandoldermenhavealargerpoolofpotentialpartnersfromwhichtochoosethandowomen.Insum,whilemarriagemaybedifficulttosustain,itiscertainlynotgoingoutofstyle.

1.Accordingtothepassage,womensuffersignificantstresswhen（）

2.Thedivorcedparentsignoretheirchildren'sangerandfearbecause（）.

3.Fromthispassagewecanknowthat（）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,thepercentageofremarryingmanishigherthanthatofthewomenby（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theyareforcedtoleavetheirchildren

B.thepropertyisdivided

C.makinguptheirmindtogetadivorce

D.goingtoacourt

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.theyarepoorlypreparedforthecomingcrisis

B.theyareundergreatstress

C.theythinktoomuchabouttheirownproblems

D.theyhavetoliveontheirown

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.divorcemaydogreaterharmtochildrenmentallyandphysicallythantheparents

B.familybreakupcanbeavoidedifthecouple'spersonalproblemsaresettled

C.marriageremainspopularinspiteofrisingdivorcerate

D.Childrenwilllosetheparentalcareandloveaftertheirparentsgetdivorced

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.25%

B.75%

C.8%

D.27%

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:C

【解析】第1題:1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

1.Accordingtothepassage,womensuffersignificantstresswhen______.1.根據(jù)這篇文章，當(dāng)女性______時(shí)，她們會(huì)承受巨大的壓力。

A.theyareforcedtoleavetheirchildrenA.女性被迫離開她們的孩子

B.thepropertyisdividedB.財(cái)產(chǎn)被分割

C.makinguptheirmindtogetadivorceC.決定離婚

D.goingtoacourtD.上法庭

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞womensuffersignificantstress可定位到第一段第二句“研究表明，男人和女人都在兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻承受著巨大的壓力，即在決定離婚之前和最后分居的時(shí)候（beforethedecisiontodivorceandatthetimeofthefinalseparation）”。所以選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A項(xiàng)“女性被迫離開她們的孩子”、B項(xiàng)“財(cái)產(chǎn)被分割”和D項(xiàng)“上法庭”都沒提到，無中生有。

第2題:2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

2.Thedivorcedparentsignoretheirchildren’sangerandfearbecause______.2.離婚的父母無視孩子的憤怒和恐懼，因?yàn)開_____。

A.theyarepoorlypreparedforthecomingcrisisA.他們對(duì)即將到來的危機(jī)準(zhǔn)備不足

B.theyareundergreatstressB.他們的壓力很大

C.theythinktoomuchabouttheirownproblemsC.他們對(duì)自己的問題想得太多了

D.theyhavetoliveontheirownD.他們必須靠自己生活

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞children’sangerandfear定位到第二段的第三句“父母往往被自己的個(gè)人問題所困擾（Preoccupiedbytheirpersonalproblems），所以對(duì)孩子的憤怒、恐懼或困惑無動(dòng)于衷”。理解可知，離婚的父母無視孩子的憤怒和恐懼，是因?yàn)楦改副蛔约旱膫€(gè)人問題所困擾，C項(xiàng)“他們對(duì)自己的問題想得太多了”與原文一致。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“他們對(duì)即將到來的危機(jī)準(zhǔn)備不足”和B項(xiàng)“他們的壓力很大”在文中有提及，但不是對(duì)孩子的憤怒等情緒無動(dòng)于衷的原因，張冠李戴；

D項(xiàng)“他們必須靠自己生活”在文中沒有原文依據(jù)，無中生有。

第3題:3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

3.Fromthispassagewecanknowthat______.3.從這篇文章中我們可以知道______。

A.divorcemaydogreaterharmtochildrenmentallyandphysicallythantheparentsA.離婚對(duì)孩子的身心傷害可能比父母更大

B.familybreakupcanbeavoidedifthecouple’spersonalproblemsaresettledB.如果夫妻倆的個(gè)人問題得到解決，家庭破裂是可以避免的

C.marriageremainspopularinspiteofrisingdivorcerateC.盡管離婚率不斷上升，婚姻仍然很受歡迎

D.childrenwilllosetheparentalcareandloveaftertheirparentsgetdivorcedD.父母離婚后，孩子就會(huì)失去父母的關(guān)愛

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第三段第一句話“不管離婚會(huì)帶來怎樣的痛苦，它似乎不會(huì)讓人們對(duì)婚姻制度感到厭惡（itdoesnotseemtosourpeopleontheinstitutionofmarriage）”以及最后一句話“盡管婚姻難以維持，但它肯定不會(huì)過時(shí)（itiscertainlynotgoingoutofstyle）”，從notgoingoutofstyle（不過時(shí)）可推測(cè)，盡管離婚率升高，但結(jié)婚依然很流行。C項(xiàng)“盡管離婚率不斷上升，婚姻仍然很受歡迎”正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“離婚對(duì)孩子的身心傷害可能比父母更大”，第二段雖然提到“離婚后的第一年對(duì)父母和孩子來說通常是壓力最大的一年”，但并沒有孩子與父母受到傷害之間的比較，屬于曲解原文；

B項(xiàng)“如果夫妻倆的個(gè)人問題得到解決，家庭破裂是可以避免的”，由第二段可知，文中提到父母總是忙于自己的個(gè)人問題，往往對(duì)孩子的憤怒、恐懼或困惑無動(dòng)于衷，但是并沒有個(gè)人問題解決，家庭就不會(huì)破碎的相關(guān)說法，該項(xiàng)無中生有；

D項(xiàng)“父母離婚后，孩子就會(huì)失去父母的關(guān)愛”從第二段最后一句話“然而，從長遠(yuǎn)來看，離婚并不一定會(huì)對(duì)孩子造成心理傷害，尤其是當(dāng)父母雙方都能保持親近和關(guān)愛的時(shí)候”可知，離婚會(huì)導(dǎo)致孩子失去關(guān)愛不是必然事件，而是在于父母的態(tài)度，該項(xiàng)曲解原文。

第4題:4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

4.Accordingtothepassage,thepercentageofremarryingmanishigherthanthatofthewomenby______.4.根據(jù)這篇文章，再婚的男性比再婚的女性高_(dá)_____。

A.25%A.25%

B.75%B.75%

C.8%C.8%

D.27%D.27%

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】由題干關(guān)鍵詞thepercentageofremarrying定位到本文最后一段的第三句“大約六分之五的離婚男性和四分之三的離婚女性會(huì)再婚”，所以六分之五減去四分之三等于十二分之一，約等于8%。故該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“25%”是離婚者再婚的百分比，張冠李戴；

B項(xiàng)“75%”是離婚女性再婚的百分比，張冠李戴；

D項(xiàng)“27%”沒有提到，無中生有。

3.單選題

Sometimesithasbeenarguedthattheevolutionwas___andmorerecentlystillithasbeenarguedthatnoevolutionineitherdirectiontookplace.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ontheotherhand

B.theotherwayround

C.onthegrounds

D.theotherwayabout

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組。A選項(xiàng)ontheotherhand“另一方面”；B選項(xiàng)theotherwayround“相反”；C選項(xiàng)onthegrounds“是基于事實(shí)的”；D選項(xiàng)theotherwayabout“相反地，以相反方式”。句意：有時(shí)人們爭(zhēng)論說進(jìn)化是基于事實(shí)的，而最近人們還爭(zhēng)論說沒有朝任何一個(gè)方向發(fā)生進(jìn)化。結(jié)合句意判斷出C選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Atfirst,the（

）ofcolorpicturesoveralongdistanceseemedimpossiblebutwithpainstakingeffortsandatgreatexpense,itbecameareality.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.transaction

B.transmission

C.transformation

D.transition

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析題。A選項(xiàng)transaction“辦理，處理；業(yè)務(wù)，交易”；B選項(xiàng)transmission“播送，發(fā)射，傳送”；C選項(xiàng)transformation“變化，轉(zhuǎn)化”；D選項(xiàng)transition“轉(zhuǎn)變，轉(zhuǎn)換”。句意：起初，遠(yuǎn)距離傳輸彩色圖片似乎是不可能的，但隨著人們的艱苦努力和花費(fèi)的巨大的代價(jià)，它終于變成了現(xiàn)實(shí)。結(jié)合句意，表示傳輸彩色圖片，故B選項(xiàng)正確。

5.翻譯題

建設(shè)民主法治、公平正義、誠信友愛、充滿活力、安定有序、人與自然和諧相處的社會(huì)主義和諧社會(huì)，要廣泛團(tuán)結(jié)一切可以團(tuán)結(jié)的力量，充分調(diào)動(dòng)一切積極因素，激發(fā)全社會(huì)的創(chuàng)造活力；要妥善處理各方面利益關(guān)系，讓全體人民共享改革和建設(shè)的成果；要正確處理改革發(fā)展穩(wěn)定的關(guān)系，努力為經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)持續(xù)發(fā)展創(chuàng)造有利條件和良好環(huán)境。

【答案】答：

Tobuildasocialistsocietythatisdemocraticandlaw-based,fairandjust,trustworthyandfriendly,fullofvigorandvitality,secureandorderly,andinwhichmanandnatureareinharmony,weneedtouniteallforcesthatcanbeunited,bringallpositivefactorsintofullplayandstimulatethecreativityoftheentiresociety.Weneedtoproperlybalancetheinterestsofallquartersandensurethateveryonesharesthefruitsofreformanddevelopment.Wealsoneedtobalancereform,developmentandstabilityandstrivetocreatefavorableconditionsandagoodclimateforsustainedeconomicandsocialdevelopment.

6.單選題

By1776thefineartofpaintingasithaddevelopedinwesternEuropeuptothistimehadbeenintroducedintotheAmericancoloniesthroughbooksandprints,Europeanvisitorsandimmigrants,andtravelingcolonistswhobroughtbackcopies(andafeworiginal)ofoldmasterpaintingsandacquaintancewithEuropeanartinstitutions.

BytheoutbreakoftheRevolutionagainstBritishrulein1776,thestatusoftheartistshadalreadyundergonechange.Inthemid-eighteenthcentury,paintershadbeenwillingtoassumesuchartisan-relatedtasksasvarnishing,gildingteaching,keepingartistsweredescribedatthetimesuggeststheirstatus:"limner"wasusuallyappliedtotheanonymousportraitpainteruptothe1760's:"painter"characterizedanyonewhocouldpaintaflatsurface.Bythesecondhalfofthecentury,colonialartistswhoweretrainedinEnglandoreducatedintheclassicsrejectedthestatusoflaborerandthoughtofthemselvesasartists.Somecolonialurbanportraitists,suchasJohnSingletonCopley,BenjaminWest,andCharlesWilsonPeale,consortedwithaffluentpatrons.Althoughsubjecttofluctuationsintheireconomicstatus,allthreeenjoyedsufficientpatronagetoallowthemtomaintainanimageofthemselvesasprofessionalartists,animageindicatedbytheircustomofsigningtheirpaintings.AfewartcollectorsJamesBowdoinIIIofBoston,WilliamByrdofVirginian,andtheAliensandHamiltonsofPhiladelphiaintroducedEuropeanarttraditionstothosecolonistsprivilegedtovisittheirgalleries,especiallyaspiringartists,andestablishedintheirrespectivecommunitiestheideaofthevalueofartandtheneedforinstitutionsdevotedtoitsencouragement.

Althoughthecoloniststendedtofavorportraits,theyalsoacceptedlandscapes,historicalworks,andpoliticalengravingsasappropriateartisticsubjects.WiththecomingofindependencefromtheBritishCrown,asufficientnumberofartistsandtheirworkswereavailabletoservenationalisticpurposes.Theachievementsofthecolonialartists,particularlythoseofCopley,West,andPeale,lentcredencetotheboastthatthenewnationwascapableofencouraginggeniusandthatpoliticallibertywascongenialtothedevelopmentoftaste—anecessarystepbeforeartcouldassumeanimportantroleinthenewrepublic.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.Accordingtothepassage,beforetheAmericanRevolutionthemaintaskoflimnerswasto（）

3.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatartistswhoweretrainedinEngland（）

4.Accordingtothepassage,artistssuchasCopley,WestandPealesignedtheirpaintingsbecausethis（）

5.TheauthormentionsJamesBowdoinIIIandWilliamByrdinParagraph2asexamplesofwhichofthefollowing?

6.Withwhichofthefollowingwouldtheauthorbemostlikelytoagree?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.EuropeaninfluenceoncolonialAmericanpainting.

B.Theimportanceofpatronagetoartists.

C.ThechangingstatusofartistsintheAmericancoloniesintheeighteenthcentury.

D.SubjectspreferredbyartistsintheAmericancoloniesintheeighteenthcentury.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.paintwheelcarriages

B.paintportraits

C.varnishfurniture

D.paintflatsurfaces

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.consideredartiststobesuperiortopainters

B.barelypaintedportraitists

C.wereoftenverywealthy

D.imitatedEnglishpainters

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.increasedthemonetaryvalueofthepaintings

B.madeitmoredifficultforotherartiststocopythepaintings

C.supportedtheartists'imageofprofessionalism

D.distinguishedcolonialAmericanartistsfromEuropeanartists

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.ArtgalleryownerswhodisplayedonlyEuropeanart.

B.ArtcollectorswhohadaprofoundinfluenceonAmericanattitudestowardart.

C.Artistswhogavefinancialsupporttootherartists.

D.Patronswhohelpedtoencourageartisanstobecomeartists.

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.Countriesthathavenothadapoliticalrevolutionareunlikelytodevelopgreatart.

B.Themostsuccessfulartcollectorsareusuallyartiststhemselves.

C.ThevalueofcolonialAmericanpaintingsdecreasedaftertheRevolution.

D.Colonialartistsmadeanimportantcontributiontotheevolvingcultureofthenewnation.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

第6題:D

【解析】第1題:主旨題。分析全文可知第二段首句為中心句?！癇ytheoutbreakoftheRevolutionagainstBritishrulein1776,thestatusoftheartistshadalreadyundergonechange.”選項(xiàng)C提到18世紀(jì)美國殖民地藝術(shù)家地位的變化，符合原文。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“l(fā)imner”定位到第二段的第二句“l(fā)imnerwasusuallyappliedtotheanonymousportraitpainteruptothe1760's”。選項(xiàng)B正確。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“trainedinEngland”定位到第二段的第三句“colonialartistswhoweretrainedinEnglandoreducatedintheclassicsrejectedthestatusoflaborerandthoughtofthemselvesasartists.”在英國受訓(xùn)或接受古典文學(xué)教育的殖民地藝術(shù)家拒絕勞動(dòng)者的身份，認(rèn)為自己是藝術(shù)家。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“Copley,WestandPeale”定位到第二段的四、五句“...allthreeenjoyedsufficientpatronagetoallowthemtomaintainanimageofthemselvesasprofessionalartists,...”它們都得到了足夠的資助，使它們保持了專業(yè)藝術(shù)家的形象。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

第5題:細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)第二段的最后一句“establishedintheirrespectivecommunitiestheideaofthevalueofartandtheneedforinstitutionsdevotedtoitsencouragement.”可以理解為一些對(duì)藝術(shù)發(fā)展起到了作用的收藏者。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

第6題:細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)原文最后一段的最后一句“....anecessarystepbeforeartcouldassumeanimportantroleinthenewrepublic.”殖民時(shí)期的藝術(shù)家對(duì)這個(gè)新興國家不斷發(fā)展的文化做出了重要貢獻(xiàn)。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

7.單選題

Themayorisawomanwithgreatforthrightnessandthereforedeservesourpoliticalandfinancialsupport.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.intention

B.instinct

C.integrity

D.intensity

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。forthrightness意為“坦率，直率”；intention意為“意圖，目的”；instinct意為“本能，天性”；integrity意為“正直，誠實(shí)”；intensity意為“強(qiáng)烈”。

句意：市長是一位非常直率的女性，因此值得我們的政治和財(cái)政支持。

8.單選題

Mostmembersofthecamelfamilyarefoundinaridhabitats.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.dirty

B.dry

C.sandy

D.harsh

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)dirty“下流的，卑鄙的，骯臟的”，B項(xiàng)dry“干的，口渴的，枯燥無味的”，C項(xiàng)sandy“沙地的，多沙的，含沙的”，D項(xiàng)harsh“嚴(yán)厲的，嚴(yán)酷的，刺耳的”。句意：駱駝科的大多數(shù)成員生活在干旱的棲息地。根據(jù)句意可知，arid在句中表示“干旱的”，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中意思與之相近的是B項(xiàng)。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

9.問答題

Ambition,(A)asopposedtomerefantasizingaboutdesires,impliesworkanddisciplinetoachievegoals,personalandsocialofakind(B)societycansurvivewithout.Ambition(C)isintimatelyconnectedwithfamily,formenandwomennotonlyworkpartyfortheirfamilies,but(D)harborsomeoftheirmostardentambitionsfortheirchildren.

【答案】B；改成societycannotsurvivewithout。

10.單選題

Acensor’sdutyistoensurethatnocontentis（）inpublicationsorfilms.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.evil

B.obscure

C.obscene

D.opaque

【答案】C

【解析】句意:審查員的職責(zé)是確保出版物或電影中沒有淫穢內(nèi)容。

考查形容詞辨析。evil邪惡的；不幸的；有害的；討厭的；obscure昏暗的；朦朧的；晦澀的；無名的；obscene淫穢的；猥褻的；opaque不透明的；不傳熱的；遲鈍的。因此C符合句意。

11.單選題

Whiletyping,Kathyhadahabitofstopping（）ogiveherlongandflowinghairasmooth.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.promptly

B.simultaneously

C.eventually

D.occasionally

【答案】D

【解析】副詞辨析。句意：在打字的時(shí)候，凱西停下來梳理一下她柔順的長發(fā)的習(xí)慣。promptly敏捷地，迅速地；simultaneously同時(shí)地；eventually最終，最后；occasionally偶爾。因此，D項(xiàng)符合句意。

12.單選題

Weleftthemeeting,thereobviously（

）nopointinstaying.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.were

B.tobe

C.being

D.having

【答案】C

【解析】句意:我們離開了會(huì)議，因?yàn)榱粝聛盹@然沒有什么意義。

語法題?？疾閠herebe句型。thereisnopointindoingsth.表示“做某事沒有用或沒有意義”,因此排除D。前半句已經(jīng)是完整句子,因此后半句可以是非謂語充當(dāng)原因狀語。因此C項(xiàng)being正確。

13.單選題

Hewouldn’teventhinkofwearingclothes;（）theymakehimlooksoold!

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.same

B.despite

C.such

D.that

【答案】D

【解析】用that從句表原因，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

14.單選題

Anenquiringmindcancatch____toanewideaquickly.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.on

B.uр

C.at

D.out

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.on在……之上B.up向上

C.at在D.out向外

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】固定搭配。

【解題思路】固定搭配catchonto表示“理解；明白”。由句意“善于探究的人能很快……一個(gè)新觀點(diǎn)?！笨芍摯钆浞暇湟?，譯為：善于探究的人能很快理解一個(gè)新觀點(diǎn)。因此選A。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D選項(xiàng)均不符合搭配。

【句意】善于探究的人能很快理解一個(gè)新觀點(diǎn)。

15.單選題

“WelcometotheUSA!Majorcreditcardsareaccepted!”Bythemillionstheyarecomingnolongerthetired,thepoor,thewretchedmasseslongingforabetterliving.Thesearethewealthy.“Wedon’thaveabudget,”saysabiologistfromBrazil,asshewalkswithtwocompanionsthroughNewYorkCity’sSouthStreet.“Wejustuseourcreditcards.”

TheUShaslongbeenoneoftheworld’smostpopulartouristdestinations,butthisyearhasbeenexceptional.First,therewastheWorldCup,whichdrewthousandsfromeverycomeroftheglobe;thencametheweakeningoftheUSdollaragainstmajorcurrencies.NowtheUS,stilltheworld’ssuperpower,canalsoclaimtobetheworld’sbargainbasement(廉價(jià)商品部).NobodyundersellsAmericathesedaysonjustabouteverything,fromconsumerelectronicstofashionclothestotennisrackets.Bottomretailpricesanywherefrom30%to70%lowerthanthoseinEuropeandAsiahaveattractedsome47millionvisitors,whoareexpectedtoleavebehind$79billionin1994.That’supfrom$74billiontheyearbefore.

True,noteveryonecomesjustforbargains.ThereremainsanundeniablefascinationintherestoftheworldwithallthingsAmerican,nourishedbyHollywoodfilmsandUStelevisionseries.ButshoppingintheUSAisprovingirresistible.Everyweekthousandsarrivewithemptysuitcasesreadytobefilled;someevenrentanadditionalhotelroomtoholdtheirpurchases.Thebuyingbinge(無節(jié)制)hasbecomeasimportantaswatchingOldFaithfulFountainseruptinYellowstoneParkorsunbathingonabeachinFlorida.

TheUShascomeatlasttoappreciatewhatothercountrieslearnedlongago:thepouringinofforeigntouristsmaynotalwaysbeconvenient,butitdoesputmoneyinthebank.Andwithatradedeficitatabout$130billionandgrowingforthepast12months,theUSneedsallthedepositsitcanget.ComparedwithAmericantouristsabroad,visitorstotheUSstaylongerandspendmoremoneyateachstop;anaverageof12.2nightand$1624atravelerversustheAmericans’fournightsand$298.

41.FromwhattheBrazilianbiologistsays,weknowthattouristslikeher（）.

42.Thereasonwhy1994wasexceptionalisthat（）.

43.Bysaying“nobodyundersellsAmerica”,theauthormeansthat（）.

44.WhydoestheauthorassertthatallthingsAmericanarefascinatingtoforeigners?

45.FromthepassagewecanconcludethattheUShascometorealize（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.arereluctanttocarrycashwiththem

B.simplydon’tcarehowmuchtheyspend

C.arenotgoodatplanningtheirexpenditure

D.oftenspendmoremoneythantheycanafford

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.itsawanunusuallylargenumberoftouristsintheUS

B.itwitnessedadropinthenumberoftouristsintheUS

C.tourismwashardlyaffectedbytheweakeningoftheUSdollarthatyear

D.touristscametotheUSforsightseeingratherthanforbargainsthatyear

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.nocountryunderestimatesthecompetitivenessofAmericanproducts

B.nobodyexpectstheAmericanstocutthepricesoftheircommodities

C.nobodyrestrainsthesellingofAmericangoods

D.nocountrysellsatalowerpricethanAmerica

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.BecausetheyhavegainedmuchpublicitythroughtheAmericanmedia.

B.Becausetheyrepresenttheworld'slatestfashions.

C.Becausetheyembodythemostsophisticatedtechnology.

D.Becausetheyareavailableatalltouristdestinations.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.theweakeningoftheUSdollarcanresultintradedeficits

B.thelowertheretailprices,thegreatertheprofits

C.tourismcanmakegreatcontributionstoitseconomy

D.visitorstotheUSarethewealthiestintheworld

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】41.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干信息定位到原文第一段，Wedon’thaveabudget...wejustuseourcreditcards.（我們沒有預(yù)算，我們只用信用卡。）是指花錢不用做預(yù)算，想買就用信用卡，其暗含的意思就是B選項(xiàng)“根本不在乎他們花了多少錢”正確。A選項(xiàng)“不愿意帶現(xiàn)金”，雖然文章說他們用信用卡，但是并沒有說他們就不愛用現(xiàn)金，錯(cuò)誤；C選項(xiàng)“不擅長規(guī)劃自己的支出”，原文沒有提到；D選項(xiàng)“經(jīng)?；ǖ腻X超出他們的負(fù)擔(dān)能力”，過度推斷。

42.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第二段First,therewastheWorldCup,whichdrewthousandsfromeverycomeroftheglobe;thencametheweakeningoftheUSdollaragainstmajorcurrencies.（首先是世界杯，吸引了來自世界各地的成千上萬的人；其次是美元對(duì)其他主要貨幣的匯率下跌。）這兩點(diǎn)吸引了大量的游客，因此這一年才非同尋常，因此A選項(xiàng)“美國的游客數(shù)量異乎尋常地多”，正確。B選項(xiàng)“到美國旅游的人數(shù)出現(xiàn)了下降”，與事實(shí)相反；C選項(xiàng)“那一年，旅游業(yè)幾乎沒有受到美元貶值的影響”，與原文不符，原文說了美元貶值也是它的原因之一；D選項(xiàng)“那一年，游客來美國觀光而不是買便宜貨”，無法通過原文推斷出來。

43.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第二段第三句話NowtheUS,stilltheworld’ssuperpower,canalsoclaimtobetheworld’sbargainbasement.（美國現(xiàn)在仍是世界上的超級(jí)大國，也可以聲稱是世界上的廉價(jià)商品部。）所以，nobodyundersellsAmerica這句話所暗含的意思是：沒有哪個(gè)國家的物價(jià)水平比美國更低。在后文中，作者又提到了美國的零售底價(jià)比歐洲低30%，比亞洲低70%。這一事實(shí)更證明了這一觀點(diǎn)的正確性。因此D選項(xiàng)“沒有一個(gè)國家的售價(jià)比美國更低”正確。A選項(xiàng)“沒有一個(gè)國家會(huì)低估美國產(chǎn)品的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力”，原文沒有提及；B選項(xiàng)“沒有人指望美國人降低他們的商品價(jià)格”，無關(guān)選項(xiàng)；C選項(xiàng)“沒有人限制美國商品的銷售”，無關(guān)項(xiàng)。

44.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第三段ThereremainsanundeniablefascinationintherestoftheworldwithallthingsAmerican,nourishedbyHollywoodfilmsandUStelevisionseries.ButshoppingtheUSAisprovingirresistible.（在世界其他地方，人們對(duì)美國的一切事物都有著不可否認(rèn)的迷戀，這得益于好萊塢電影和美國電視劇。）這句話說明了是媒體使人們對(duì)美國貨產(chǎn)生迷戀，因此A選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗麄兺ㄟ^美國媒體獲得了大量的宣傳”正確。B選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗鼈兇砹耸澜缟献钚碌臅r(shí)尚”，這一點(diǎn)文章沒有表述；C選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗鼈凅w現(xiàn)了最復(fù)雜的技術(shù)”錯(cuò)誤；D選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗鼈冊(cè)谒新糜文康牡囟寄苜I到”，無關(guān)項(xiàng)。

45.歸納概括題。最后一段的第一句TheUShascomeatlasttoappreciatewhatothercountrieslearnedlongago:thepouringinofforeigntouristsmaynotalwaysbeconvenient,butitdoesputmoneyinthebank.（美國終于意識(shí)到其它國家很久以前就學(xué)到的東西:外國游客的涌入可能并不總是方便的，但它確實(shí)把錢存進(jìn)了銀行。）言外之意就是美國已經(jīng)意識(shí)到旅游業(yè)為美國經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展做出非常重大的貢獻(xiàn)，大批外國游客涌入美國，并給美國政府帶來了大筆收入。因此C選項(xiàng)“旅游業(yè)可以對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)做出巨大貢獻(xiàn)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“美元的疲軟會(huì)導(dǎo)致貿(mào)易赤字”，是片面信息；B選項(xiàng)“零售價(jià)格越低，利潤就越大”，不是重點(diǎn)；D選項(xiàng)“美國的游客是世界上最富有的”，原文根本沒有提到，無中生有。

16.單選題

Science,inpractice,dependsfarlessontheexperimentsitpreparesthanonthepreparednessofthemindsofthemenwhowatchtheexperiments.SirIsaacNewtonsupposedlydiscoveredgravitythroughthefallofanapple.Appleshadbeenfallinginmanyplacesforcenturiesandthousandsofpeoplehadseenthemfall.ButNewtonforyearshadbeencuriousaboutthecauseoftheorbitalmotionofthemoonandplanets.Whatkepttheminplace?Whydidn’ttheyfalloutofthesky?Thefactthattheapplefelldowntowardtheearthandnotupintothetreeansweredthequestionhehadbeenaskinghimselfaboutthoselargerfruitsoftheheavens,themoonandtheplanets.

Howmanymenwouldhaveconsideredthepossibilityofanapplefallingupintothetree?Newtondidbecausehewasnottryingtopredictanything.Hewasjustwondering.Hismindwasreadyfortheunpredictable.Unpredictabilityispartoftheessentialnatureofresearch.Ifyoudon’thaveunpredictablethings,youdon’thaveresearch.Scientiststendtoforgetthiswhenwritingtheircutanddriedreportsforthetechnicaljournalsbuthistoryisfilledwithexamplesofit.

Intalkingtosomescientists,particularlyyoungerones,youmightgathertheimpressionthattheyfindthe“scientificmethod”asubstituteforimaginativethought.I’veattendedresearchconferenceswhereascientisthasbeenaskedwhathethinksabouttheadvisabilityofcontinuin