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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-四川傳媒學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買!第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題
Heplannedtobuyanapartmentsinceheisgoingtogetmarriednextyear,butthecostofthepropertyinthebigcitiesis_______.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.prompt
B.proportional
C.prohibitive
D.progressive
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“prompt”意為“敏捷的,迅速的;立刻的,及時(shí)的;準(zhǔn)時(shí)的”;B選項(xiàng)“proportional”意為“比例的,成比例的;相稱的,均衡的”;C選項(xiàng)“prohibitive”意為“禁止的;抑制的;(費(fèi)用,價(jià)格等)過高的”;D選項(xiàng)“progressive”意為“進(jìn)步的;先進(jìn)的”。句意:由于明年就要結(jié)婚了,他打算買一套公寓,但大城市的房?jī)r(jià)高得令人望而卻步。由題干可知,but表轉(zhuǎn)折,說(shuō)明thecostofthepropertyinthebigcities(大城市的房?jī)r(jià))阻礙了他想買房子的計(jì)劃,由此可推測(cè)出大城市的房?jī)r(jià)高得超出他的承受能力。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。
2.單選題
Complacencyhasledtosomeappallingecological(
).
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.damages
B.tragedies
C.catastrophes
D.dangers
【答案】C
【解析】查名詞辨析。damage意為“損害、毀壞”等時(shí),是不可數(shù)名詞,意為“價(jià)錢、費(fèi)用”時(shí),是可數(shù)名詞,意為“賠償費(fèi)”時(shí),必須用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。tragedy意為“悲劇,慘劇”;catastrophe意為“災(zāi)難,災(zāi)禍”;danger意為“危險(xiǎn)”,泛指“危險(xiǎn)”時(shí),danger是不可數(shù)名詞,指具體的“危險(xiǎn)、危險(xiǎn)物、可能造成損傷、疼痛等的人”時(shí),是可數(shù)名詞。
句意:自滿導(dǎo)致了一些可怕的生態(tài)災(zāi)難。
3.單選題
Inmanaginginformationresources,themediummaybethekeytoaneffectivesystem.Themediumisavehicle,atool,oracontainerforholdinginformation;theinformationitselfisthethingofvalue.
Threepopularcategoriesofinformationmediaarepaper,film,andelectronicstoragedevices.Themediachoicemustnotbeviewedasachoiceamongthesethree,however;itmustbeviewedasanopportunitytoselectfromamultitudeofmediapossibilitiesincombinationsthatbuildeffectivesystems.Inmanyinstancesthepersonresponsibleforinformation-resourcemanagementisnotthepersonwhodeterminesthemediuminwhichinformationwillbecreated.Insuchacase,themanagerofafirm’sinformationresourcesfacesachallengeinmakingasignificantcontributiontotheorganization’sobjectives.
Foreffectivemanagementofinformationresources,mediaconversionmaybenecessary.Examplesincludekeyingorscanningpaperdocumentstoconvertthemtoelectronicmedia.Otherprocessesconvertelectronicmediafromoneformattoanother.Forexample,diskfilescreatedononesystemmaynotbecompatiblewithanothersystem.Varioushardwareandsoftwarecombinationscanbeusedtoconvertfilestoformatsthatequipmentwillaccept.Forinformationgeneratedwithinorganizations,thisnecessityofmakingsystemscompatiblemaybeeliminatedbycooperativeplanning.However,verylittlecontrolcanbeexercisedoverthemediausedtogenerateinformationthatcomestoyourorganizationfromtheoutside.
Themediumforinformationmaybeselectedtosatisfyaneedthatexistswheninformationiscreatedandcommunicated.Forexample,apaperrecordmaybecreatedbecauseofitsportabilityandbecausenospecialequipmentisnecessaryforlaterreferencestothatinformation;electronictransmissionmaybeselectedbecauseitisthefastestmeansofcommunicatinginformation.Afirmmayuseelectronicmailbecauseanetworkalreadyexistsforon-linecomputercommunication.Theadditionalapplicationmaycostlessthanpostagetomailpapermemo.
1.Whichofthefollowingcanbestsumupthepassage?
2.Thefirstparagraphaimsattellingthereader()
3.Accordingtotheauthor,()
4.Foreffectivemanagementofinformationresources,themanagershould()
5.Themainideaofthelastparagraphis()
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.MediaSelectioninManagingInformationResources.
B.TheImportanceandNecessityofMediaConversion.
C.ThreeCategoriesofInformationMedia.
D.VariousMeansofCommunicatingInformation.
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.theimportanceofinformationresourcesmanagement
B.therelationshipbetweenthemediumandinformation
C.thegreatvarietyofmediaforholdinginformation
D.thenumerousresourcesofinformation
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.paperisthebeststoragedevice
B.peoplehavethreechoicesinselectinginformationmedium
C.itisbettertoletthepersonresponsibleforinformation-resourcemanagementdeterminethemedium
D.themanagershouldbuildaneffectivesystembyselectingagoodcombinationofdifferentmedia
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.convertallpaperdocumentstoelectronicmedia
B.makemediaconversionwhennecessary
C.controlthemediausedtogenerateinformationbothinsideandoutsidehisorganization
D.useoneformatinprocessinginformation
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.paperrecordisthemostconvenientmediumforlaterreference
B.electronicmailcostslessthanpostagetomailpapermemos
C.differentmediaforinformationmaybeselectedfordifferentpurposes
D.byusingdifferentmedia,afirmcancreatevariousinformationforitsobjectives
【答案】第1題:A
第2題:B
第3題:D
第4題:B
第5題:C
【解析】1.主旨大意題。本文主要是講信息資源管理中的媒介選擇。選項(xiàng)A正確,其余選項(xiàng)都是片面的觀點(diǎn)。
2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知:媒介是一種承載信息的載體、工具或容器;信息本身就是有價(jià)值的東西。所以本段主要是講媒體與信息之間的關(guān)系。選項(xiàng)B正確。
3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段的第二句“Themediachoice...thatbuildeffectivesystems.”媒體的選擇不能被視為這三種選擇之一;它必須被視為一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì),從眾多的媒體選擇的可能性組合,以建立有效的系統(tǒng)。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。
4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第三段的第一句“Foreffectivemanagementofinformationresources,mediaconversionmaybenecessary.”為了有效地管理信息資源,可能需要進(jìn)行媒體轉(zhuǎn)換。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。
5.主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段的第一句“Themediumforinformationmaybeselectedtosatisfyaneedthatexistswheninformationiscreatedandcommunicated.”信息媒體可能被選擇,以滿足在創(chuàng)建和傳播信息時(shí)存在的需要。也就是說(shuō)不同信息媒體的選擇是出于不同的目的。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。
4.單選題
1.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.About12pints.
B.About3pints.
C.About4pints.
D.About7pints.
【答案】A
【解析】W:Itwouldhelpmeifyoucouldgooverlastweekandgivemeanideahowmuchbeerdrankeachevening.
M:Well,letmesee,Iwentuptothepub4timeslastweek,anddrankabout3pintseachevening.
Q:Howmuchbeerdidthemandrinklastweek?
【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。男士說(shuō):Iwentuptothepub4timeslastweek,anddrankabout3pintseachevening(我上周一共去酒吧4次,每晚喝3品脫啤酒),因此男士上周共喝了12品脫啤酒。
5.單選題
AmItounderstandthathisnowpost______noresponsibilitywithitatall?
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.keeps
B.supports
C.carries
D.possesses
【答案】C
【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)keeps“保持”;B選項(xiàng)supports“支持”;C選項(xiàng)carries“懷揣;攜帶”,carryresponsibilitywithsth“對(duì)……負(fù)責(zé)”;D選項(xiàng)possesses“擁有”。句意:我是否應(yīng)該理解,他現(xiàn)在的職位對(duì)此事不______任何責(zé)任嗎?根據(jù)短語(yǔ)carryresponsibilitywithsth.和這里表示負(fù)責(zé)任,C選項(xiàng)carries“懷揣;攜帶”符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。
6.單選題
Thepresidentoftheboardalwaysgiveshisdirectionsso______thateveryonecanunderstandthem.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.simply
B.explicitly
C.largely
D.shortly
【答案】A
【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)simply“簡(jiǎn)單地;樸素地;坦白地”;B選項(xiàng)explicitly“明確地;明白地”;C選項(xiàng)largely“主要地;大部分;大量地”;D選項(xiàng)shortly“立刻;簡(jiǎn)短地;唐突地”。句意:總統(tǒng)總是使他的方向……,讓每個(gè)人都能理解他們。根據(jù)everyonecanunderstandthem.(每個(gè)人都能夠理解他們),可推測(cè),要使每個(gè)人都能理解他們,總統(tǒng)會(huì)讓他的方向通俗易懂。結(jié)合句意,A選項(xiàng)正確。
7.單選題
Inorderto()therisingproductioncosts,thesubscriptionrateshavebeenincreased.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.addupto
B.lookupto
C.cutshort
D.keepupwith
【答案】D
【解析】詞組辨析題。A選項(xiàng)addupto“合計(jì)達(dá)...,總共達(dá)...”;B選項(xiàng)lookupto“尊敬”;C選項(xiàng)cutshort“縮短,縮減”;D選項(xiàng)keepupwith“跟上,趕上”。句意:為了跟上不斷上漲的生產(chǎn)成本,訂閱費(fèi)已經(jīng)提高了。選項(xiàng)D符合語(yǔ)境。
8.單選題
Thedealwasheldinabeyanceuntilhisarrival.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.adduce
B.suspension
C.bay
D.court
【答案】B
【解析】考查近義名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)adduce“(v.)舉出;引證”;B選項(xiàng)suspension“懸浮;暫停;停職”;C選項(xiàng)bay“海灣;狗吠聲”;D選項(xiàng)court“法院;球場(chǎng);朝廷;奉承”。句意:在他到來(lái)之前,這筆交易被暫時(shí)擱置。abeyance“中止,停頓;歸屬待定,暫擱”,B選項(xiàng)與該詞詞意最相近,因此B選項(xiàng)正確。
9.單選題
Thereisvirtuallynolimittohowonecanservecommunityinterests,fromspendingafewhoursaweekwithsomecharitableorganizationtopracticallyfull-timeworkforasocialagency.Justasthereareopportunitiesforvoluntaryservice(1)(VSO)foryoungpeoplebeforetheytakeupfull-timeemployment,
(2)
thereareopportunitiesforoverseasservicefor
(3)
techniciansindevelopingcountries.Somepeople,
(4)
thosewhoretireearly,
(5)
theirtechnicalandbusinessskillsincountries
(6)
thereisaspecialneed.
Soinconsideringvoluntaryor
(7)
communityservicetherearemoreopportunitiesthanthere
(8)
werewhenonefirstbeganwork.Mostvoluntaryorganizationshaveonlyasmallfull-time
(9)
,anddependverymuchonvolunteersandpart-times.Thismeansthatworkingrelationshipsaredifferentfromthoseincommercialorganizations,andvaluesmaybedifferent
(10)
somewaystheymanyseemmorecasualandlessefficient,butoneshouldnot
(11)
thembycommercialcriteria.Thepeoplewhoworkwiththemdosofordifferentreasonsandwithdifferent
(12)
,bothpersonaland
(13)
.Oneshouldnotjointhem
(14)
toarmthemwithprofessionalexpertise,theymustbejoinedwithcommitmenttothe
(15)
,notbusinessefficiency.Becausesalariesare(16)
ornon-existent,manyvoluntarybodiesoffermodestexpenses.Butmanyretiredpeopletakepartincommunityservicefor
(17)
,simplybecausetheyenjoythework.
Manycommunityactivitiespossible
(18)
retirementwerealsopossibleduringone’sworkinglifebuttheyaretobeundertaken
(19)
seriouslyforthat.Retiredpeoplewhoarejustlookingforsomethingdifferentorunusualtodoshouldnotconsider
(20)
communityservice.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.oversea
B.oversea
C.overseas
D.overseas
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.so
B.as
C.that
D.then
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.qualifying
B.quantity
C.qualified
D.quality
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.partly
B.partially
C.passionately
D.particularly
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.operate
B.order
C.occupy
D.offer
問題6選項(xiàng)
A.where
B.which
C.that
D.as
問題7選項(xiàng)
A.paid
B.paying
C.pay
D.tobepaid
問題8選項(xiàng)
A.lately
B.before
C.ever
D.never
問題9選項(xiàng)
A.number
B.team
C.crowd
D.staff
問題10選項(xiàng)
A.by
B.in
C.through
D.with
問題11選項(xiàng)
A.comment
B.lookat
C.judge
D.enjoy
問題12選項(xiàng)
A.subject
B.subjective
C.objects
D.objectives
問題13選項(xiàng)
A.organizational
B.organization
C.organizing
D.organized
問題14選項(xiàng)
A.toexpect
B.expecting
C.expected
D.beingexpected
問題15選項(xiàng)
A.cause
B.course
C.caution
D.case
問題16選項(xiàng)
A.small
B.little
C.big
D.large
問題17選項(xiàng)
A.freedom
B.free
C.something
D.money
問題18選項(xiàng)
A.on
B.before
C.at
D.in
問題19選項(xiàng)
A.verymuch
B.much
C.noless
D.nomore
問題20選項(xiàng)
A.totake
B.tobetaken
C.beingtaken
D.taking
【答案】第1題:C
第2題:A
第3題:C
第4題:D
第5題:D
第6題:A
第7題:A
第8題:C
第9題:D
第10題:B
第11題:C
第12題:D
第13題:A
第14題:B
第15題:A
第16題:A
第17題:B
第18題:D
第19題:C
第20題:D
【解析】(1)考查邏輯關(guān)系。由后半句中的“foroverseasservice”可知此處填overseas,作副詞,意外“在海外,在國(guó)外”,voluntaryserviceoverseas指“海外志愿服務(wù)”。
(2)考查固定句型。(just)as...so...意為“正如……,就像”。
(3)考查詞義辨析。qualifying意為“使具有資格的”;quantity意為“數(shù)量,大量”;qualified意為“具備……的學(xué)歷(或資歷),具備…的知識(shí)(或技能),符合資格的”;quality意為“質(zhì)量,品質(zhì)”。因此填qualified作定語(yǔ)修飾technicians,指“符合資格的技術(shù)人員”。
(4)考查副詞辨析。partly意為“一定程度上,部分地”;partially意為“部分地,不完全地”;passionately意為“充滿熱情地,激動(dòng)地,熾熱地”;particularly意為“特別,尤其”??蓪ⅰ?4thosewhoretireearly”看作一個(gè)插入語(yǔ),表示“特別是那些退休早的人”。
(5)考查動(dòng)詞辨析。。operate意為“運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn),操作”;order意為“命令,指揮”;occupy意為“使用,占用”;offer意為“提供,給予”。此句的主語(yǔ)為Somepeople,賓語(yǔ)為technicalandbusinessskills,空格處為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,“提供技術(shù)和商業(yè)技能”最符合邏輯,因此選D。
(6)考查定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句中不缺少主干成分,且先行詞countries表示地點(diǎn),故選關(guān)系副詞where。
(7)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。or連接的是兩個(gè)并列成分,故空格處與voluntary(自愿的)相對(duì),表示“付費(fèi)的”修飾communityservice(社區(qū)服務(wù)),因此用paid過去分詞作前置定語(yǔ),含被動(dòng)意義?,F(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ),含主動(dòng)意義,不定式作定語(yǔ),表將來(lái)。
(8)考查副詞辨析。lately意為“近來(lái),最近”;before意為“以前,過去”;ever意為“(進(jìn)行比較時(shí)用以加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣)以往任何時(shí)候,曾經(jīng)”;never意為“從不,從來(lái)沒有”。由“therearemoreopportunitiesthanthere_____were”可知是將現(xiàn)在的情況和以前的情況相比,因此選C。
(9)考查名詞辨析。number意為“數(shù)字”;team意為“組,對(duì)”;crowd意為“人群,觀眾”;staff意為“全體職工(或雇員)”。由后面的“dependverymuchonvolunteersandpart-times(非常依賴志愿者和兼職)”可推測(cè)推測(cè)空格處表示全職員工少,因此選D。
(10)考查固定搭配。insomeways為固定搭配,意為“在某些方面,在某種程度上”。
(11)考查動(dòng)詞辨析。comment意為“議論,評(píng)論”;lookat意為“看,考慮”;judge意為“評(píng)判,判斷”;enjoy意為“享受,欣賞”。由后面的“bycommercialcriteria(按商業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn))”可知C選項(xiàng)最符合邏輯。
(12)考查詞義辨析。subject意為“主題,話題,學(xué)科”;subjective意為“主觀的”;object意為“物體”;objective意為“目標(biāo),目的”。and連接的是兩個(gè)并列成分,由前面的“differentreasonsanddifferent____(不同的原因和不同的____)”可知D選項(xiàng)最符合邏輯。
(13)考查詞義辨析。organizational意為“組織的”;organization意為“組織”;organizing意為“組織上的”;organized意為“有組織的,有條理的”。由“both...and(兩者都)”可知與personal(個(gè)人的)相對(duì)的為organizational,因此選A。
(14)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),“Oneshouldnotjointhem”為主句,“_____toarmthemwithprofessionalexpertise”為伴隨狀語(yǔ),故用現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)意義,選B。此處表示“一個(gè)人加入到他們當(dāng)中,不要期待著給他們專業(yè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)”。
(15)考查名詞辨析。cause意為“(支持或?yàn)橹畩^斗的)事業(yè),目標(biāo),原因”;course意為“課程,講座”;caution意為“小心,謹(jǐn)慎”;case意為“事例,實(shí)例,實(shí)情”。bejoinedtothecourse意為“加入到……事業(yè)中”,因此選A。
(16)考查形容詞辨析。small意為“小的”,詞的本身不帶任何感情色彩,只作客觀地描述;little意為“小的”,通常帶有一定的感情色彩(如高興、滿意、同情等);big意為“大的”,指程度,范圍,規(guī)模,容積,重量,數(shù)量等方面;large意為“大的”指面積,范圍,可表示數(shù)和量。由空格后的“ornon-existent(或者不慘在的)”可推測(cè)salaries(薪水)是很少的,因此選A。
(17)語(yǔ)義題。由“simplybecausetheyenjoythework(僅僅因?yàn)樗麄兿矚g這份工作)”可知很多退休的參加社區(qū)服務(wù)不是想要得到什么,僅僅是因?yàn)橄矚g,再根據(jù)前面提到的薪水,可推測(cè)他們是無(wú)償加入社區(qū)服務(wù)的,forfree意為“免費(fèi)”,因此選B。
(18)考查固定搭配。由“duringone’sworkinglife(在工作期間)”可推測(cè)前面指不在工作期間,即退休后,inretirement為固定搭配,意為“退休后”,因此選D。
(19)考查詞義辨析。verymuch意為“非常,確實(shí)”;much意為“非常,很”noless意為“仍然,依舊,還是”;nomore意為“不再,也不”。由but可知此處表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,表示“但退休后他們還是會(huì)認(rèn)真地做這些工作”,因此選C。
(20)考查固定搭配。consideringdoingsth.意為“考慮做某事”。此句意為“正在尋找不同或不尋常的事情的退休人士不應(yīng)該考慮接受社區(qū)服務(wù)”。
10.單選題
Theresultofoursurveyindicatedthatstudentsinthecityaveraged(
)ofdailyself-studythisyearthanlastyear.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.60minutes
B.asmanyas60minutes
C.more60minutes
D.60minutesmore
【答案】D
【解析】句意:我們的調(diào)查結(jié)果顯示,城市里的學(xué)生每天的自學(xué)時(shí)間相比去年平均増加了60分鐘。
語(yǔ)法題??疾楸容^級(jí)。由題干關(guān)鍵詞than可以排除A和B。表示“平均比…多”用“average…morethan”。故D正確。
11.單選題
Manycountrieshavenowsucceededin(
)themalarialmosquito.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.erasing
B.eradicating
C.abolishing
D.demolishing
【答案】B
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。erase意為“清除,消除,擦掉”,多指清除債務(wù),記憶等;eradicate意為“摧毀,完全根除”,強(qiáng)調(diào)徹底清楚;abolish意為“廢除,廢止”,一般指廢除有關(guān)習(xí)俗、制度、法律、制度等;demolish意為“摧毀,拆毀”,多指拆掉建筑物。
句意:許多國(guó)家現(xiàn)已成功根除瘧疾蚊子。
12.寫作題
Differentfromtheblindoptimismintheachievementsofmodernsciencethroughoutthe20thcentury,moreandmorepeoplearebeginningtorealizethedestructiveeffectsofscientificprogressuponhumansociety.Manyevenbelievethatwhateverbenefitssciencebringstohumanity,itwillalsobringaboutthemostinhumanviolencetoanimalsandeveryimaginablesortofhorriblemeddlingwithhumanlife.Nowyouaresupposedtowriteanessayinnofewerthan300wordstoshowwhetheryouagreewithsuchabelief.Markswillbeawardedforcontent,organizationgrammarandappropriateness.
【答案】【參考范文】
Throughoutthecenturiestothehistoryofscientificdevelopment,scienceandtechnologyhasbeenagreatprogresscomparedtotheprevious,weliveintheeraofrapidchangesinscienceandtechnology,hasfelttheconveniencebroughtbytechnology.Indeed,technologyhasbroughtusalotofbenefits,butalsobroughtmanydisadvantages.Personally,Ithinkthesedisadvantagesarerealandcannotbeignored.Whatweneedtodoistotreatthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnologycorrectlyandbringoutitsmaximumpositivesignificance.
Ontheonehand,thankstothedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,ourlivescanbegreatlyenrichedandmadeeasier.Electriclights,newmeansoftransportation,theinventionoftheInternet—thereisnoonewhohasnotbenefitedfromthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology.Whenyousitathomeandtapthemouse,youareabletocommunicateface-to-facewithyourrelativesinfarawayplaces;whenyouareontheroadoftravel,holdingthesteeringwheeltightly,youareabletotravelalloverthecountryandenjoythescenery;whenyoustayinahotelandpresstheremotecontroloftheairconditionerleisurely,youenjoythepleasureofwarmthandcoolness.Comparedwiththepast,humanhealthandlivingstandardshavechangedalot.Technologyhasbroughtustoomuchconvenienceandmadegreatprogressinhumandevelopment.
Ontheotherhand,asthesayinggoes,“Thingswilldevelopintheoppositedirectionwhentheybecomeextreme.”Ifanythinggoodisusedtoexcessandtakentotheextreme,therewillbea“double-edgedsword”effect,andthesameistrueforscience.ThedevelopmentofphysicaltheoryhasenabledmankindtomasternuclearenergytechnologybutalsobroughtaboutthenucleardisastersofHiroshimaandNagasaki,wheremankindhadtheabilitytodestroyitselfforthefirsttime.Thedevelopmentofchemistryhasgivenustheunprecedentedabilitytotransformnature,butourgunpowderandexplosiveshavealsoharmedtensofmillionsofourfellowhumanbeings.Advancesinoilexplorationtechnologyhaveallowedmankindtoadvanceatamuchfasterpace.Wehavebeenabletoflyfasterthanthespeedofsound,butthishasalsobroughttoomanywarsandtoomuchstrife,andmadetheearthstarttocatchafever.Atthesametime,theatmospherehasbeendamaged,waterhasbeenpolluted,andenvironmentalproblemsarebecomingincreasinglyserious,causingmanyplantsandanimalstolosetheirhabitats.
Allinall,technologicaldevelopmenthasitsadvantagesanddisadvantages.However,weshouldneitherblindlydevelopscienceandtechnologyregardlessoftheconsequencesbecauseitisbeneficial,norshouldwegotostopthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnologybecauseithasdisadvantages.Scienceandtechnologyarethegreatdrivingforceofhumansocialprogressonlywhentheyareinbalancewithpeople’sneedsandhumannature.Humanbeingsshouldmakefulluseofthepositiveeffectsofscienceandtechnologyandtrytolimitandovercomethenegativeeffectsbroughtbyscienceandtechnologyinthecontinuouspracticeofunderstandingnatureandtransformingit.
13.單選題
Themotionpictureoriginatedwhenaseriesofstillphotographwereslicedandviewedinrapidsuccessiontocreatetheillusionofmovementandcontinuity.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.reduced
B.joined
C.revised
D.titled
【答案】A
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。橫線單詞sliced意為“切下;把……分成部分;將……切成薄片”;A選項(xiàng)“reduced”意為“減少;縮小;使處于;把……分解”;B選項(xiàng)“joined”意為“參加;結(jié)合;連接”;C選項(xiàng)“revised”意為“修正;復(fù)習(xí);校訂”;D選項(xiàng)“titled”意為“加標(biāo)題于;賦予頭銜;把……稱為”。句意:電影起源于將一系列靜止的照片切成薄片,快速連續(xù)地觀看,以創(chuàng)造移動(dòng)和連續(xù)性的幻覺。由題干可知,motionpicture(電影)最開始是以一系列靜止照片的形式觀看,可以推測(cè)出應(yīng)該是將這些照片切成薄片,也就是膠片的樣子。由此可知,sliced在此處最可能是“將……切成薄片”的意思,四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中reduced具有“縮小,分解”的意思,與此相近。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。
14.填空題
Whatisgoodisthoughttobe________andwhatisevilisthoughttobeharmful,butdefininggoodandevilremainsacentralquestionofethics.(benefit)
【答案】beneficial
【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞。
【解題思路】根據(jù)橫線前面的be,以及表示并列結(jié)構(gòu)的and,可知橫線所在內(nèi)容為形容詞,beneficial“有益的”符合語(yǔ)境,指的是善被認(rèn)為是有益的。
【句意】善被認(rèn)為是有益的,惡被認(rèn)為是有害的,但定義善惡仍然是倫理學(xué)的中心問題。
15.單選題
Livinginclose______toone’sneighborscanbecozyandcomforting,butlivingontopofoneanothercanbesuffocating.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.homogeneity
B.proximity
C.lingering
D.access
【答案】B
【解析】考查詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)homogeneity“同質(zhì),同種”,B項(xiàng)proximity“接近”,C項(xiàng)lingering“拖延的,遲遲不結(jié)束的”,D項(xiàng)access“通道,進(jìn)入,機(jī)會(huì)”。根據(jù)but可知,前后句子為轉(zhuǎn)折,由后面的butlivingontopofoneanothercanbesuffocating(但是住在一個(gè)鄰居的上面可能會(huì)令人窒息)對(duì)比可知,前面空格處應(yīng)該表示“住在鄰居隔壁”,B項(xiàng)符合。句意:住得離鄰居很近是很舒適的,但是住在一個(gè)鄰居的上面可能會(huì)令人窒息。因此,該題選擇B項(xiàng)。
16.單選題
Hehasadmittedtomakingablunderbyloadinguponthisstockduringthe2008oilboom,andjustbeforethestock-marketcrash.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.error
B.risk
C.fortune
D.deal
【答案】A
【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】
A.error錯(cuò)誤,差錯(cuò)B.risk危險(xiǎn),風(fēng)險(xiǎn)
C.fortune機(jī)會(huì),運(yùn)氣D.deal協(xié)議,(尤指)交易
【答案】A
【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。
【解題思路】blunder的意思為“愚蠢(或粗心)的錯(cuò)誤”,指的是在不恰當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)間囤積了股票,這是一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤,error與之詞義相近,因此A選項(xiàng)正確。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D選項(xiàng)詞義與之不符。
【句意】他承認(rèn)自己犯了一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤,在2008年石油繁榮時(shí)期以及股市崩盤之前囤積了這支股票。
17.單選題
WouldyoupleaseconicandhelpmewiththisapplicationformbecauseIdon’tknowhowto()it.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.setaside
B.setup
C.setoff
D.setabout
【答案】D
【解析】句意:我不知如何開始,所以你能過來(lái)幫助我做下這個(gè)申請(qǐng)表格不?
考查短語(yǔ)辨析。Setaside留出,駁回,把……放在一邊;setup建立;setoff出發(fā),引起,使爆炸,抵消;setabout著手,開始做。D符合句意。
18.單選題
Hegavehislistenersavivid()ofhisjourneythroughPeru.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.account
B.tale
C.communication
D.plot
【答案】A
【解析】考查固定搭配。giveanaccountof意為“講述…說(shuō)明…匯報(bào)…”。根據(jù)句意“他向聽眾生動(dòng)地講述了他的秘魯之旅?!边x項(xiàng)A符合句意。
19.翻譯題
Theincreaseininternationalbusinessandinforeigninvestmenthascreatedaneedforexecutiveswithknowledgeofforeignlanguagesandskillsincross-culturalcommunication.Americans,however,havenotbeenwelltrainedineitherareaand,consequently,havenotenjoyedthesamelevelofsuccessinnegotiationinaninternationalarenaashavetheirforeigncounterparts.
Negotiatingistheprocessofcommunicatingbackandforthforthepurposeofreachinganagreement.
Itinvolvespersuasionandcompromise,butinordertoparticipateineitherone,thenegotiatorsmustunderstandthewaysinwhichpeoplearepersuadeandhowcompromise,isreachedwithinthecultureofthenegotiation.
Inmanyinternationalbusinessnegotiationsabroad,Americansareperceivedaswealthy
andimpersonal.
ItoftenappearstotheforeignnegotiatorthattheAmericanrepresentsalargemultimillion-dollarcorporationthatcanaffordtopaythepricewithoutbargainingfurther.TheAmericannegotiator'srolebecomesthatofanimpersonalpurveyorofinformationandcash.
InstudiesofAmericannegotiatorsabroad,severaltraitshavebeenidentifiedthatmayservetoconfirmthisstereotypicalperception,whileunderminingthenegotiator’sposition.
Twotraitsinparticularthosecausecross-culturalmisunderstandingsaredirectnessandimpatienceonthepartoftheAmericannegotiator.Furthermore,Americannegotiators,ofteninsistonrealizingshort-termbenefits.Foreignnegotiatorsandmaybewillingtoinvesttimeinitforlong-termbenefits.
Inordertosolidifytherelationship,theymayoptforindirectinteractionswithoutregardforthetimeinvolvedingettingtoknowtheothernegotiator.
Clearly,perceptionsanddifferencesinvaluesaffecttheoutcomesofnegotiationsandthesuccessfornegotiators.ForAmericanstoplayamoreeffectiveroleininternationalbusinessnegotiations,theymustputforthmoreefforttoimprovecross-culturalunderstanding.
【答案】國(guó)際貿(mào)易以及海外投資的增長(zhǎng)促使了對(duì)具有語(yǔ)言知識(shí)和跨文化交流技巧的人才的需求的出現(xiàn)。
交流包括說(shuō)服和妥協(xié),但是為了使交流者參與其中任何一項(xiàng),談判代表必須要了解在談判的文化中怎么說(shuō)服他人以及怎么妥協(xié)。
在國(guó)外的談判者看來(lái),美國(guó)人代表的一個(gè)資產(chǎn)幾百萬(wàn)的公司可以支付任何費(fèi)用,不用討價(jià)還價(jià)。
尤其能夠?qū)е驴缥幕`會(huì)的兩個(gè)特點(diǎn)是美國(guó)談判者的直接了斷和沒耐心。
為了鞏固彼此之間的關(guān)系,他們通常會(huì)采用間接交流的方法,而不去計(jì)較用于了解對(duì)方談判者的時(shí)間。
20.單選題
Theirassurancesofgoodfaithwerehollow;they______ontheagreementalmostatonce.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.conferred
B.expiated
C.obtruded
D.reneged
【答案】D
【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】
A.conferred交換意見;授予(獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)、學(xué)位、榮譽(yù)或權(quán)利)B.expiated為(所犯罪過)接受懲罰;贖(罪)
C.obtruded強(qiáng)行闖入;攪擾D.reneged違背(諾言);背信棄義
【答案】D
【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。
【解題思路】根據(jù)句子前半句句意“他們對(duì)誠(chéng)意的保證是空洞的”可知,they______ontheagreement表達(dá)的是“他們違背了協(xié)議”,所以空格處填入D項(xiàng)。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C項(xiàng)不符合句意。
【句意】他們對(duì)誠(chéng)意的保證是空洞的;他們幾乎同時(shí)違背了協(xié)議。
21.單選題
MarcHooper,notlongpromotedtoCEOofconfectionerygiantSpartanKetley(SK),isverydifferentfromhispredecessors.Heisacorporatelawyerbytraining,andhisbackgroundhasclearlyshapedhismanagementstyle.Hewastaughtthatnoworkshouldgouncheckedandthatnostatementcangooutwithouteverythingbeingfullydefined.”Thelegalworldteachesyoutothinkinasyntheticway,totakecontrastingideasandthreadthemtogethertoformastrategyHooper,withlittlemarketingexperience,wasnotatthetopofmarketobservers’listsforthejob.Buthereheis,justoverayearintotheroleandseeminglyontopofthings.
EducatedatHarvardUniversity,Hooperstartedhiscareerwithwell-knownNewYorkconsultantsCox&Leight(C&L),andbecameaspecialistinmergersandacquisitions.ItwasatremendoustraininggroundandIcouldhavestayedinmergersandacquisitionsIfoundtheworkinteresting.Butanotheropportunitypresenteditself:SKofferedhimajobasgeneraladvisor.HooperknewSKwellbecauseC&LwasitsmainNewYorkconsultancyfirmandHooperlookedafteritsaccount.
HooperlikedSKandwhentheycamecalling,severalfactorsweighedonhismind.“IadmiredSKandthoughtitwouldbeagreatplacetowork.C&LhadtoldmeIwasonlyfiveyearsthroughaten-yearjourneytobecomeapartner.Also,forthreeyearsinarowmypayatC&Lhadstayedthesame.Finally,Iwasworkingverylonghoursinalarge,impersonalofficeanditseemedlikeanintelligentlifestyledecisiontotakeajobwithadifferentcompany.
HooperbecameestablishedatSK,andsoonfeltreadyforahigherposition,butwastoldthatnoonecouldgetonatSKunlesstheyhadbeeninsalesandmarketing.Ihadtomakeamove,“saysHooper.”Itookarisk;IbecameheadofmarketinginEurope.Infact,thiswasasidewaysmove-notformoremoneybuttoaddtohisknowledgeandtofurtherhiscareer.Thefirstchallengewasthathefoundhimselfinchargeof25brightyoungmarketingpeople.“Ihadtoworkhardtokeepup,”headmits.
Throughout,hehasremainedfocused,hiseyealwaysonthemainprize.HiselevationtoCEO,hesays,isproofofSKSinclusiveness.“Wearealwaysopentopeoplewithfreshideas,asCEOIsupportanyonewhoiswillingtotakeachanceandwhowantstostretchthemselves.Ifyouarekeentodevelopandproveyoucansucceed,thiscompanywillprovidethechallengeyouneed.”Andinlinewiththisphilosophy,Hooperisnotanautocraticleaderhisstyleistoconsult,toseekadvice,thentoact.
1.ThechoiceofMareHooperasSpartanKetley’sCEOwassurprisingbecause______.
2.WhatdoesHoopersayabouthisfirstjob?
3.OneofthereasonsforHooperleavingCoxandLeightwas______.
4.AftersometimeatSpartanKetley,Hooperchangeddepartmentsbecause______.
5.HoopersaysthathispolicyasCEOisto______.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.heknewmoreaboutlawthanmarketing
B.hehadlittleexperienceofstrategicplanning
C.hehadbeenwiththecompanyforashorttime
D.heintendedtotakethecompanyinadifferentdirection
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.Heregardedthejobasameanstoamoreinterestingcareer
B.Hegainedusefulskillswhilehewaswiththecompany.
C.Hefoundthathiseducationpreparedhimwellforthejob.
D.Heenjoyedworkingforsuchaprestigiouscompany.
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.hehadnochanceofbecomingapartner
B.hewasnothappywiththeworkingconditions
C.hewantedtomovetoaworkplaceinadifferentarea.
D.hefeltitwasimportanttochangejobseveryfewyears
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.hedidnotfindhiscurrentjobfinanciallyrewardingenough
B.hewantedtohaveexperienceofworkinginEurope
C.itwasanopportunitytoworkwithyoungpeople
D.itimprovedhischancesofpromotion
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.developasenseofcompetitionwithinhisworkforce
B.trainpeopletobecomeproficientinawiderangeofskills
C.hirestaffwhoarenotafraidtomakeimportantdecisions
D.encourageemployeestobeinnovativeintheirapproachtowork
【答案】第1題:A
第2題:A
第3題:B
第4題:D
第5題:D
【解析】1.【試題答案】A
【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到文中第一段Thelegalworldteachesyoutothinkinasyntheticway,totakecontrastingideasandthreadthemtogethertoformastrategyHooper,withlittlemarketingexperience,wasnotatthetopofmarketobservers’listsforthejob.(法律世界教會(huì)你以一種綜合的方式思考,將不同的觀點(diǎn)結(jié)合在一起,形成一個(gè)戰(zhàn)略Hooper,因?yàn)閹缀鯖]有營(yíng)銷經(jīng)驗(yàn),所以不是市場(chǎng)觀察人士對(duì)該工作的首選。)A選項(xiàng)“他的法律知識(shí)比市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷知識(shí)多”,文章第一段提到,他是一位企業(yè)律師,并且沒有營(yíng)銷策略,因此A選項(xiàng)正確。B選項(xiàng)“他幾乎沒有戰(zhàn)略規(guī)劃的經(jīng)驗(yàn)”,文章只是說(shuō)他沒有營(yíng)銷策略,因此B選項(xiàng)可排除。C選項(xiàng)“他在公司待了一段時(shí)間”,這并不能成為馬瑞?胡珀擔(dān)任首席執(zhí)行官令人驚訝的原因,可排除C選項(xiàng)。D選項(xiàng)“他打算使公司朝著不同的方向發(fā)展”,文章沒有提到這個(gè)內(nèi)容,可排除D選項(xiàng)。因此A選項(xiàng)為正確答案。
2.【試題答案】A
【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到文章第二段中第四句ItwasatremendoustraininggroundandIcouldhavestayedinmergersandacquisitionsIfoundtheworkinteresting.(那是一個(gè)巨大的訓(xùn)練場(chǎng)地,我本可以繼續(xù)從事并購(gòu)工作,我發(fā)現(xiàn)那份工作很有趣。)選項(xiàng)A“他把這份工作看作是通向更有趣的事業(yè)一種手段”,符合文章內(nèi)容,他認(rèn)為這份工作很有趣,A選項(xiàng)正確。選項(xiàng)B“他在公司期間獲得了有用的技能”,文章并沒有提到此內(nèi)容,可排除。C選項(xiàng)“他發(fā)現(xiàn)他所受的教育使他能勝任這項(xiàng)工作”,文章并沒有提到此內(nèi)容,可排除。D選項(xiàng)“他很喜歡在如此著名的公司工作”,文章沒有提到這個(gè)內(nèi)容,都可排除。因此A選項(xiàng)為正確答案。
3.【試題答案】B
【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到原文第三段第三句C&LhadtoldmeIwasonlyfiveyearsthroughaten-yearjourneytobecomeapartner.(C&L曾告訴我,我要經(jīng)過10年的努力才能成為合伙人。)因此可推測(cè),Hooper所在公司的晉升條件過高。B選項(xiàng)“他對(duì)工作條件不滿意”,符合題意,B選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“他沒有機(jī)會(huì)成為合伙
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