考研考博-英語-山東鋁業(yè)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-山東鋁業(yè)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

In1979theCatholicChurchfinallyforgivesGalileoforclaimingthattheEarthandotherplanetrevolvedaroundthesun.In1633theexaminersattheMinervaChurchinRomehadfoundGalileoguiltyofheresy,spreadingfalsebeliefs.

Galileowassixty-eightyearsoldatthetimeofhistrialandwasill.Aftertwodaysofcontinuousquestioningandthetreatoftorture,Galileo,confessedtoheresyandkneeledbeforetheexaminers,sayingforalltoherethathistheorieshadbeenwrong.ThejudgecouldhavehadGalileoburnedatthestakeforhisbeliefs,butbecausehehadconfessed,theywerelenientwiththeastronomer.Theysentencedhimtoanunlimitedterminprison,butquicklychangedthesentencetohousearrestinhisownhome,effectivelyendingGalileo’steachingcareer.

ForyearGalileohadbelievedthatearliertheorythatthestartrevolvedaroundtheEarth,wasincorrect,buthekeptoutofrespectfortheChurch.Hehadneverfinishedhisuniversitystudiesinmathematicsbecausehehadrunoutofmoney,buthisbrilliantworkasastudentallowedhimtoteach.Heprovedheuniformeffectofgravityinseriesofbrilliantcalculations,forexample,notbydroppingafeatherandacannonballfromtheLearningTowerofPisa,hishomecity,asiscommonlythought.

In1606,though,Galileolearnedoftheinventionofthetelescope:heredesignedandimprovedhisowntelescopeinoneday.Usingthetelescopetotesthismathematicalcalculations,healsodiscoveredJupiter’smoons,thefeaturesofEarth’smoon,andthestructureoftheMilkyWay.Butwhilewatchingthemovementofsunspots,hebecameconvinced,onceandforall,thattheearlierastronomer,Copernicus,wasright:theEarthandotherplanetsorbitedaroundthesun.TheEarthwanoneofmanyplanets,andnotthecenteroftheuniverse.GalileobegantopressforpermissionfromChurchtowriteabouthistheoriesoftheworldandin1642hereceivedpermission.

Hisgreatestbook,contrastingthetwosystems,waswrittenandpublishedeightyearslater.DialogueConcerningtheTwoWorldSystemswasquicklyseenasalandmarkscientificwork,bothforitsideasanditsfluewriting.ButtheChurchmeantimehaditsownproblemswiththeProtestantReformation.ChurchleadersnowconsideredGalileo’sworkdangerousandrevolutionary.A"document"wasfoundthatcontradictedthepermissionGalileothoughhehadobtainedtowriteabouthistheories.Galileowasthenarrestedandplacedbeforetheinquisition.Galileodiedin1642,blindandstillimprisonedinhisownhome.Heretainedconvincedthathehadalwaysbeenfight.

Thechurch345yearslater,finallyagreedthathehadbeencorrect.ThefindingsofthejudgesatGalileo'strialwerenotreversed,eventhoughtheirprecisefindinghadbeenthattheastronomerwas"Vehementlysuspectofheresy."Thefindingsofanyinquisition,eventheGalileocourtaswellasnotoriousSpanishInquisition―mustbeflowedtostand,atleastpartlybecausetheirfindingsoftenresultedindeathsentencesforpeopleaccusedofheresy.Butin1979,PopeJohnPauladdressedtheAugustPontificalScienceAcademyintheVaticanandofferedapologytoGalileo:"ThegreatnessofGalileo,likethatofEinstein,isknowntoall.Buttheformerhadtosuffergreatly;wecannothideit,fromChurchinstitutionsandmen."

Thepurposeofthispassageisto（

）.

Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat

（

）.

Thepassagesuggeststhat

（

）.

Theauthor’stoneis（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.discusswhytheCatholicChurchpersecutedGalileo

B.provideashortbiographyofGalileo

C.discussthetwotheoriesofthesolarsystem

D.showhowsciencehasprogressedoverthelastthreehundredyears

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Galileowasheldprisonerinhishomefornineyears.

B.theCatholicChurchhasnotacceptedGalileo'stheoryofthesolarsystem.

C.Galileoinventedthetelescope.

D.theProtestantsconductedtheInquisition.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.theCatholicChurchstillbelieverstheEarthisthecenteroftheuniverse.

B.Galileo'stheoryhasbeenprovedincorrectinmodemtimes.

C.theInquisitionseldomdealtharshlywithpeoplewhocamebeforeit.

D.theCatholicChurchwasmoreconcernedwithmaintainingthestatusquointhe17thcenturythanthetruthaboutGalileo'stheory.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.negative

B.objective

C.sarcastic

D.satirical

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

【解析】主旨大意題。文章主要講述了伽利略為“日心說”做出的努力以及遭受的追害，所以B選項(xiàng)“對(duì)伽利略的人生經(jīng)歷進(jìn)行了簡(jiǎn)要的介紹”正確;A選項(xiàng)“討論天主教迫害伽利略的原因”是對(duì)文章細(xì)節(jié)的表述；C選項(xiàng)“對(duì)兩種不同的太陽系理論進(jìn)行討論”和D選項(xiàng)“表明在過去的三百年中科學(xué)是怎樣發(fā)展的”沒有在文章中提及。

細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第一段和第二段第四句“Theysentencedhimtoanunlimitedterminprison,butquicklychangedthesentencetohousearrestinhisownhome,effectivelyendingGalileo’steachingcareer.”“他們將其判以終生監(jiān)禁，但很快就改判為軟禁家中，如此結(jié)束了伽利略的教學(xué)生涯”可知伽利略于1633年被軟禁在家中，然后根據(jù)文章第五段的倒數(shù)第二句“Galileodiedin1642,blindandstillimprisonedinhisownhome”“伽利略于1642年在家中與世長(zhǎng)辭，那時(shí)他仍處在軟禁期間”可知伽利略被軟禁在自己家中長(zhǎng)達(dá)9年，所以A選項(xiàng)正確。根據(jù)文章第六段第一句“Thechurch345yearslater,finallyagreedthathehadbeencorrect.”“345年后，天主教終于承認(rèn)伽利略日心說的正確性”確定B選項(xiàng)“天主教沒有接受伽利略的日心說”表述錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第四段第一句“In1606,though,Galileolearnedoftheinventionofthetelescope:heredesignedandimprovedhisowntelescopeinoneday.”確定C選項(xiàng)“伽利略發(fā)明了望遠(yuǎn)鏡’錯(cuò)誤；D選項(xiàng)“新教徒執(zhí)行審訊”沒有在文章中提及。

細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第六段第一句“Thechurch345yearslater,finallyagreedthathehadbeencorrect.”“345年后，天主教終于承認(rèn)伽利略日心說的正確性”確定A選項(xiàng)“天主教仍然相信地球是宇宙的中心”錯(cuò)誤；B選項(xiàng)“在現(xiàn)代，伽利略的理論被證明是錯(cuò)誤的”沒有在文章中體現(xiàn)并且根據(jù)常識(shí)也可以判斷該選項(xiàng)是錯(cuò)誤的；根據(jù)文章最后一段第三句“...atleastpartlybecausetheirfindingsoftenresultedindeathsentencesforpeopleaccusedofheresy”“部分原因是因?yàn)槟切┍恢缚貫楫惗诵罢f的人最終都被判以死刑”確定C選項(xiàng)“審訊很少對(duì)被指控的人處以殘酷的刑罰”表示錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)文章對(duì)伽利略經(jīng)歷的介紹可知在17世紀(jì)時(shí)天主教為了維護(hù)現(xiàn)狀，不承認(rèn)伽利略的理論，所以D選項(xiàng)正確。

觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。作者客觀地介紹了伽利略為“日心說”所付出的努力和天主教的態(tài)度和做法，所以B選項(xiàng)“客觀的”正確。

2.單選題

Thegovernorsaidhewould（

）judgmentuntilhereceivedthecommittee’sreport.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.withstand

B.withhold

C.scrutinize

D.ferret

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。withstand意為“經(jīng)受，承受”；withhold意為“拒給，扣留”；scrutinize意為“仔細(xì)檢查”；ferret意為“搜出，查獲”。

句意：州長(zhǎng)說，他將在收到委員會(huì)的報(bào)告后才做出判斷。

3.單選題

Letchildrenlearntojudgetheirownwork.Achildlearningtotalkdoesnotlearnbybeingcorrectedallthetimeifcorrectedtoomuch,hewillstoptalking.Henoticesathousandtimesadaythedifferencebetweenthelanguageheusesandthelanguagethosearoundhimuse.Bitbybit,hemakesthenecessarychangestomakehislanguagelikeotherpeople’s.Inthesameway,whenchildrenlearntodoalltheotherthingstheylearntodowithoutbeingtaughttowalk,run,climb,whistle,rideabicycle—comparethoseperformanceswiththoseofmoreskilledpeople,andslowlymaketheneededchanges.Butinschoolwenevergiveachildachancetofindouthisownmistakesforhimself,letalonecorrectthem.Wedoitallforhim.Weactasifwethoughtthathewouldnevernoticeamistakeunlessitwaspointedouttohimorcorrectitunlesshewasmadeto.Soonhebecomesdependentontheteacher.Lethimdoithimself.Lethimworkout,withthehelpofotherchildrenifhewantsit,whatthiswordsays,whatansweristothatproblem,whetherthisisagoodwayofsayingordoingthisornot.

Ifitisamatterofrightanswers,asitmaybeinmathematicsorscience,givehimtheanswerbook.Lethimcorrecthisownpapers.Whyshouldweteacherswastetimeonsuchroutinework?Ourjobshouldbetohelpthechildwhenhetellsusthathecan’tfindthewaytogettherightanswer.Let'sendthisnonsenseofgrades,exams,marks.Letusthrowthemallout,andletthechildrenlearnwhatalleducatedpersonsmustsomedaylearn,howtomeasuretheirownunderstanding,howtoknowwhattheyknowordonotknow.

Letthemgetonwiththisjobinthewaythatseemsmostsensibletothem,withourhelpasschoolteachersiftheyaskforit.Theideathatthereisabodyofknowledgetobelearntatschoolandusedfortherestofone’slifeisnonsenseinaworldascomplicatedandrapidlychangingasours.Anxiousparentsandteacherssay,"Butsupposetheyfailtolearnsomethingessentialsomethingtheywillneedtogetintheworld?Don'tworry!Ifitisessentialtheywillgooutintotheworldandlearnit.

1.Whatdoestheauthorthinkisthebestwayforchildrentolearnthings?

2.Thepassagesuggeststhatlearningtospeakandlearningtorideabicycleare（

）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,theauthorthinksteachersinschoolshould

（

）.

4.Theauthorbelievestheteachersroleinchildren’slearningshouldbe

（

）.

5.Thetitleofthispassagecouldprobablybe（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Byimitatingwhatotherpeopledo.

B.Bymakingmistakesandhavingthemcorrected.

C.Bylisteningtoexplanationsfromskilledpeople.

D.Byaskingagreatmanyquestions.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.notreallyimportantskills

B.moreimportantthanotherskills

C.basicallythesameaslearningotherskills

D.basicallydifferentfromlearningadultskills

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.allowchildrentolearnbyhimselforherself

B.pointoutchildren’smistakeswheneverthey'refound

C.correctchildren’smistakesassoonaspossible

D.givechildrenmorebookknowledge

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.theidentifierandcorrectoroftheirerrors

B.theirhelperandguide

C.thepersontogradetheirperformanceandgivefeedbacks

D.thepersontopassonsomethingessentialtothem

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.LetTeachersStopWork

B.LetUsMakeChildrenLearn

C.LetChildrenCorrectTheirOwnPapers

D.LetChildrenLearnbyThemselves

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:推理判斷題。由文章第一段中Henoticesathousandtimesadaythedifferencebetweenthelanguageheusesandthelanguagethosearoundheinuse.Bitbybit,hemakesthenecessarychangestomakehislanguagelikeotherpeople’s.（他每天都注意到他所使用的語言和他周圍的使用的語言之間的差異。一點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)地，他做了必要的改變，使他的語言像其他人的一樣）可知作者認(rèn)為孩子可以通過模仿他人學(xué)習(xí)東西，因此選A。

第2題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由文章第一段中Inthesameway（以同樣的方式）,whenchildrenlearntodoalltheotherthingstheylearntodowithoutbeingtaughttowalk,run,climb,whistle,rideabicycle可知選C。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中Lethimdoithimself.Lethimworkout,withthehelpofotherchildrenifhewantsit,whatthiswordsays,whatansweristothatproblem,whetherthisisagoodwayofsayingordoingthisornot.可知作者認(rèn)為教師應(yīng)該允許孩子自己學(xué)習(xí)，因此選A。

第4題:推理判斷題。由文章第二段中Ourjobshouldbetohelpthechildwhenhetellsusthathecan’tfindthewaytogettherightanswer.（當(dāng)孩子告訴我們他找不到正確答案的時(shí)候，我們的工作應(yīng)該是幫助他）可推測(cè)教師的角色應(yīng)該是學(xué)生的幫助者與指導(dǎo)者。

第5題:主旨大意題。文章主要講述了學(xué)生應(yīng)該自己學(xué)習(xí)，而不是被糾正與灌輸式的學(xué)習(xí)，教師起幫助與指導(dǎo)的作用，因此選D。

4.單選題

Idon'tthinkitisimpartialfortheprofessortoflunkmyChemistrytest.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.unbiased

B.compatible

C.exonerative

D.effusive

【答案】A

【解析】句意：我不認(rèn)為教授讓我的化學(xué)考試不及格是公正的。impartial意為公平的，不偏不倚的。unbiased公正的，無偏見的；compatible兼容的，可并立的；exonerative免罪的，免除的；effusive流出的，感情橫溢的。選項(xiàng)A與之意思最為相近。

5.單選題

Itishardformetosurviveinthepoliticalsnake（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hutch

B.hole

C.hive

D.pit

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定短語搭配。A選項(xiàng)hutch“籠；小屋；貯藏箱；礦車”；B選項(xiàng)hole“洞，孔；洞穴，穴；突破口”；C選項(xiàng)hive“蜂巢，蜂箱；蜂群；（喻）充滿繁忙人群的場(chǎng)所”；D選項(xiàng)pit“礦井；深坑；陷阱；凹陷；正廳后排；正廳后排的觀眾”。snakepit“蛇坑”，用來形容恐怖的地方，混亂的局面。句意：對(duì)我來說，在混亂的政治局面里求生存很艱難。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Non-violentdirectactionrubs（）ofpopularopinioninordertogetitselfnoticedamidaseaofself-interest,apathyandday-to-daydistractions.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.againstthegrain

B.againstthesalt

C.withagrain

D.withasalt

【答案】A

【解析】語法題。根據(jù)題意，非暴力的直接行動(dòng)違背公眾的意見，為了讓自己在自我利益、漠不關(guān)心和日常的干擾中引人注目。所以這里是指與公眾的意見相違背。選項(xiàng)C和D可排除。搭配“againstthegrain”的意思為“格格不入，違反意愿”。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

7.單選題

Theboyneverattemptedto（）anyexcuseforbeinglate.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.fluctuate

B.fabricate

C.lubricate

D.manipulate

【答案】B

【解析】句意:這個(gè)男孩從不會(huì)捏造任何遲到的借口。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。fluctuate使波動(dòng)，動(dòng)搖；fabricate制造，捏造;lubricate使?jié)櫥?manipulate操作，處理?？崭竦馁e語是excuse(借口),因此B符合句意。

8.單選題

Thesalmonisoneofourmostvaluablefish.Itoffersusfood,sportandprofit.Everyyearcommercialfishing（1）aharvestofoverabillionpoundsofsalmonfromthesea.Hundredsofthousandsofsalmonarecaughteachyearbyeager（2）fishers.

Inautumn,theriversoftheNorthwesternUnitedStatescome（3）withsalmon.Thesalmonhavelefttheoceanandare（4）theiryearlyrunuprivertospawn.Yettoday,therearefarfewersalmonthan（5）becausethesalmon（6）hassufferedfrommanyperilsofthemodernage.

Waterpollutionhaskilledmanysalmonby（7）themofoxygen.Over-fishinghasfurtherdecreasedtheirnumber.Damshasanother（8），becausetheylockmigrationpaths.Fishladders,（9）steppedpools,havebeenbuiltsothatsalmoncanswim（10）overthedams.Butyoungsalmonswimmingtotheoceanhavetrouble（11）theladders.Oftenthey（12）theirdeathsoverthedamorarekilledingianthydroelectricturbines.

（13）Americawillcontinuetohaveplentyofsalmon,conservationistshaveplannedseveralwaysto（14）thesalmonpopulation.Conservationofficialshavehadsomesuccess（15）salmoninhatcheriesandstockingsalmonriverswiththem.Salmonarealsobeingintroducedintonewareas.In1996,hundredsofthousandsofyoungCohosalmonwereplantedinstreamsoffLakeMichigan.TheadultswereexpectedtoMigratetothelakeandfeeduponanundesirablefish.TheCohoesthrivedsowellonthiskindoffishinLakeMichiganthatCohoesarebeingplantedinotherGreatLakes.

Thankstotheforesightandplanningofconservationists,thevaluablesalmonshouldbearoundAmericanshores,riversandlakesforalongtimetocome.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.resultsin

B.resultsfrom

C.resultsat

D.resultedin

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.commerce

B.sports

C.salmon

D.kindness

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.alive

B.active

C.live

D.about

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.at

B.in

C.on

D.by

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.everso

B.eversince

C.everafter

D.everbefore

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.production

B.population

C.family

D.growing

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.forbidding

B.exploiting

C.robbing

D.endangering

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.danger

B.obstacle

C.problem

D.element

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.madeupfor

B.madeupto

C.madeup

D.madeupof

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.properly

B.safely

C.quickly

D.frequently

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.discover

B.toclimb

C.finding

D.measuring

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.fallto

B.fallback

C.fallacross

D.fallaway

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.Sothat

B.Sofaras

C.Somuchas

D.Solongas

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.explode

B.develop

C.increase

D.catch

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.supporting

B.raising

C.keeping

D.resulting

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

第6題:B

第7題:C

第8題:A

第9題:D

第10題:B

第11題:C

第12題:A

第13題:D

第14題:C

第15題:B

【解析】1.考查短語辨析。該處句意為:每年的商業(yè)捕魚導(dǎo)致從海洋中收獲超過十億磅的三文魚。故A項(xiàng)符合句意。

2.考查名詞辨析。該處句意為:急不可耐的…漁民每年都會(huì)捕捉成千上萬的三文魚。因此B項(xiàng)符合句意。Sport本身有“娛樂”的意思,在這里表示“消遣性漁民”。

3.考查固定搭配。comealive熱鬧起來，活躍起來。其它選項(xiàng)均不能與come構(gòu)成搭配。

4.考查介詞辨析。句意為:三文魚離開海洋，每年都會(huì)回流到河面上產(chǎn)卵。因此，C項(xiàng)介詞較為合適。

5.邏輯分析。根據(jù)前文的yet“然而”，可推知此處是“現(xiàn)在和過去”的對(duì)比，即如今的三文魚的數(shù)量比從前少。因此D項(xiàng)“以前”符合句意。

6.考查名詞辨析。該處句意為:三文魚…在現(xiàn)代遭受了很多危險(xiǎn)。因此B項(xiàng)“種群，數(shù)量”符合句意。

7.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。選項(xiàng)均為對(duì)應(yīng)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)名詞形式?？崭裉巹?dòng)詞應(yīng)與介詞of進(jìn)行搭配。因此C項(xiàng)符合句意。Robsb./sth.ofsth.剝奪某人/某物所需或應(yīng)得之物。

8.考查名詞辨析。該處解題可以參考前面句意:水污染殺死了很多三文魚。因此推測(cè)該處句意為:大壩是另一個(gè)危險(xiǎn)，因?yàn)樗鼈冏钄嗔诉w移的路徑。故選A項(xiàng)。

9.考查短語辨析。選項(xiàng)均為對(duì)應(yīng)動(dòng)詞短語的過去分詞形式作定語修飾fishladders;steppedpools表示“階梯式游泳池”。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思分別是：makeupfor彌補(bǔ);補(bǔ)償；makeuptosb.獻(xiàn)媚；奉承;makeup編造;化妝；bemadeupof由…構(gòu)成。因此，根據(jù)句意，D構(gòu)成句意“由階梯式游泳池構(gòu)成的魚梯”，符合語境和搭配，故為正確答案。

10.考查副詞辨析。該處句意為:建造魚梯是為了三文魚能…游過大壩。因此B項(xiàng)“安全地”符合句意。

11.語義題。根據(jù)固定搭配havetroubledoingsth.(在…方面有困難)可以排除A和B項(xiàng)。根據(jù)句意可知C項(xiàng)“發(fā)現(xiàn)梯子”正確。

12.考查短語辨析。該句有并列連詞or,or并列的是動(dòng)詞是arekilled和空格處。因此A項(xiàng)符合句意,表示“掉到大壩上摔死”。

13.邏輯分析。逗號(hào)后面是完整的句子，因此，前半句應(yīng)該有相關(guān)的連詞或關(guān)系詞。后文句意為：生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)者規(guī)劃一些方案以增加鮭魚的數(shù)量。因此此處是說鮭魚的數(shù)量減少了，滿足條件的是D選項(xiàng)“使瀕危”。

14.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。該處句意為:自然環(huán)境和野生動(dòng)植物提倡保護(hù)者計(jì)劃了幾種方式以增加族群數(shù)量。故C項(xiàng)符合句意。

15.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。該處搭配為:havesuccessindoingsth.在某方面取得成功。根據(jù)并列的部分stockingsalmonrivers可知，“raisesalmoninhatcheries在孵化場(chǎng)飼養(yǎng)三文魚”符合語境。

9.單選題

Beforethegeneralelectionmanyseniorcitizenssignedthe（）againstthespreadingofnucleararms.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.contract

B.petition

C.supplication

D.potential

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析。contract合同，契約；petition請(qǐng)?jiān)笗冈S多人簽名的向當(dāng)權(quán)者提出某種要求；supplication祈愿，祈求，懇求；potential潛力，潛勢(shì)。句意:好多老年人簽訂反對(duì)核武器的擴(kuò)散。故B項(xiàng)符合句意。

10.單選題

15.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Shedisagreeswiththemanthere.

B.Sheisgoingtochangehermind.

C.Itisoutofthequestiontodothat.

D.Itispossibletoforgivehim.

【答案】C

【解析】M:Youarenotthinkingofgettingbacktogetherwithhim,areyou?

W:Wouldhedreamofit?

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

【解析】推斷題。女士說:Wouldhedreamofit(他在做夢(mèng)嗎?)，足以證明她不可能復(fù)合。

11.單選題

Weallenjoyourfreedomofchoiceanddonotliketoseeit（

）whenitiswithinthelegalandmoralboundariesofsociety.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.compacted

B.dispersed

C.delayed

D.restricted

【答案】D

【解析】考察動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。compacted“壓縮；壓緊”；dispersed“分散；傳播”；delayed“延遲”；restricted“限制”。句意：我們都有自由選擇權(quán)，不喜歡在社會(huì)的法律和道德界限內(nèi)看到自由被限制。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

12.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.

SinglesDaywasbegunbyChinesecollegestudentsinthe1990sasaversionofValentine’sDayforpeoplewithoutromanticpartners.Thetimingwasbasedonthedate:Nov.11,or“11.11”—foursingles.Unattachedyoungpeoplewouldtreateachothertodinnerorgivegiftstowoothatspecialsomeoneandendtheirsinglestatus.

Thatgift-givinghelpedtoturnitintoamajorshoppingeventassellersofeverythingfromjewelrytoTVstocarssawamarketingopportunityandlaunchedSinglesDaysales.ItisChina’sanswertoCyberMondayintheUnitedStates—thedayafterThanksgivingweekend,whenonlineChristmasshoppingbeingsandmerchantshavetheirbusiestsalesday.

【答案】光棍節(jié)源于上世紀(jì)90年代的中國(guó)大學(xué)生中，對(duì)于沒有浪漫伴侶的人來說，這是另一個(gè)情人節(jié)。時(shí)間是11月11日或者11?11——4個(gè)單身。單身的年輕人彼此之間聚餐或者送禮物給那個(gè)特別的人來結(jié)束他們的單身狀態(tài)。

送禮物把光棍節(jié)變成了一個(gè)重要的購物活動(dòng)，從珠寶到電視到汽車等的銷售商們都從中看到了商機(jī)，并推出了光棍節(jié)銷售活動(dòng)。光棍節(jié)相當(dāng)于美國(guó)的“網(wǎng)絡(luò)星期一”，即感恩節(jié)周末后的一天，網(wǎng)上圣誕節(jié)購物開始，商人們開始了他們繁忙的銷售日。

13.單選題

Thesalesmanapproachedthehousecautiouslywhenhesawthedogatthedoor.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.carefully

B.deliberately

C.nervously

D.bravely

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞辨析。cautiously“小心地；謹(jǐn)慎地”；A選項(xiàng)carefully“小心地”；B選項(xiàng)deliberately“故意地”；C選項(xiàng)nervously“神經(jīng)質(zhì)地；焦急地”；D選項(xiàng)bravely“勇敢地；無畏地”。句意：推銷員看到門口的狗，小心翼翼地走近房子。根據(jù)句中“whenhesawthedogatthedoor在看見門口的狗后”可知cautiously在這里的意思應(yīng)為“小心地”，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

14.翻譯題

Ihavealwaysdislikedbeingaman.1.ThewholeideaofmanhoodinAmericaispitiful,inmyopinion.Eventheexpression“Beaman!”strikesmeasinsultingandabusive.Itmeans:Bestupid,beunfeeling,obedient,soldierlyandstopthinking.Manmeans“manly”—howcanonethinkaboutmenwithoutconsideringtheterribleambitionofmanliness?Andyetitispartofeveryman’slife.Itisahideousandcripplinglie;itnotonlyinsistsondifferenceandconnivesatsuperiority,itisalsobyitsverynaturedestructive—emotionallydamagingandsociallyharmful.

Itisveryhardtoimagineanyconceptofmanlinessthatdoesnotbelittlewomen,anditbeginsveryearly.AtanagewhenIwantedtomeetgirls—let’ssaythetreacherousyearsofthirteentosixteen—Iwastoldtotakeupasport,getmorefreshair,andIwasurgednottoreadsomuch.Ifyouaskedtoomanyquestionsaboutsexyouweresenttocamp—aboy’scamp,ofcourse:thenightmare.Nothingismoreunnaturalorprison-likethanaboy’scamp.

2.ItoughttobeclearbynowthatIhavesomethingofanobjectiontothewayweturnboysintomen.ItdoesnotsurprisemethatwhenthePresidentoftheUnitedStateshashiscustomaryweekendoffhedresseslikeacowboy—itisbothameasureofhisinsecurityandhiswillingnesstoplease.Inmanyways,AmericanculturedoeslittlemoreforamanthanpreparehimformodelingclothesintheL.L.Beancatalogue.

Therewasafearthatwritingwasnotamanlyprofession-indeed,notaprofessionatall.TheparadoxinAmericanlettersisthatithasalwaysbeeneasierforawomantowriteandforamantobepublished.3.Writingisonlymanlywhenitproduceswealth—moneyismasculinity.Soisdrinking,particularlytheabilitytodrinkanothermanunderthetable.AmaninAmericahastokilllions,huntducks,andcarryenoughknivesandgunsonhisshoulders,toprovethatheisjustasmuchamonsterasthenextman.Everythinginstereotypedmanlinessgoesagainstthelifeofthemind.

4.Therewouldbenopointinsayinganyofthisifitwerenotgenerallyacceptedthattobeamanissomehow—evennowinfeminist-influencedAmerica—aprivilege.Itisonthecontraryanunmercifulandpunishingburden.Beingamanisbadenough;beingmanlyisappalling.Itisthesinistersillinessofmen’sfashions,andaclubbyattitudeinthearts.Itisthesubversionofgoodstudents.Itistheso-called“DressCode”oftheRitz-CarltonHotelinBoston,anditistheinstitutionalizedcheatingincollegesports.Itisthemostprimitiveinsecurity.

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage,andthentranslatetheunderlinedpartsnumberedfrom(1)to(4),fromEnglishintoChinese.PleasewriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】1.在我看來，美國(guó)的整個(gè)男子漢思想是很可憐的。就連“做個(gè)男子漢！”這樣的表達(dá)也讓我覺得是一種侮辱和謾罵。它意味著愚蠢、冷酷、順從、像士兵一樣魯莽，還指不愿意思考。男人意味著“有男子氣概”——人們?cè)谒伎寄腥说臅r(shí)候怎么能不考慮男子氣概的可怕野心呢？

2.我有點(diǎn)反對(duì)我們把男孩變成男人的方式。到目前為止，這一點(diǎn)應(yīng)該十分清楚。我絲毫不感到奇怪，美國(guó)總統(tǒng)在周末例行休假的時(shí)候，把自己打扮成牛仔——這既說明他沒有安全感又說明他想討好別人。

3.寫作只有在產(chǎn)生財(cái)富時(shí)才有男人味。有錢才有男人味。酗酒也意味著男人味，讓另一個(gè)男人喝趴下的能力尤其如此。美國(guó)男人必須捕殺獅子、獵取野鴨、肩上扛滿刀槍，以證明他像別的男人一樣殘忍?？贪逵∠笾心腥藲飧诺囊磺卸疾焕谛闹巧?。

4.即便是在受女權(quán)主義影響的美國(guó)，做男人也是一種特權(quán)。如果不是由于這種觀念被世人廣為認(rèn)同，那談上述情況就毫無意義了。相反，做男人是一個(gè)過重的、帶有懲罰性質(zhì)的負(fù)擔(dān)。身為男人糟糕透頂，有男子氣概則讓人心驚膽戰(zhàn)。

15.單選題

Inthelast12yearstotalemploymentintheUnitedStatesgrewfasterthanatanytimeinthepeacetimehistoryofanycountry-from82to110millionbetween1973and1985-thatis,byafullonethird.Theentiregrowth,however,wasinmanufacturing,andespeciallyno-blue-collarjobs.

Thistrendisthesameinalldevelopedcountries,andis,indeed,evenmorepronouncedinJapan.Itisthereforehighlyprobablethatin25yearsdevelopedcountriessuchastheUnitedStatesandJapanwillemploynolargeraproportionoftheharborforceinmanufacturingthandevolvedcountriesnowemployinfarming-atmost,10percent.TodaytheUnitedStatesemploysaround18millionpeopleinblue-collarjobsinmanufacturingindustries.By2010,thenumberislikelytobenomorethan12million.Insomemajorindustriesthedropwillbeevensharper.

Itisquiteunrealistic,forinstance,toexpectthattheAmericanautomobileindustrywillemploymoreone-thirdofitspresentblue-collarforce25yearshence,eventhoughproductionmightbe50percenthigher.

Ifacompany,anindustryoracountrydoesnotinthenextquartercenturysharplyincreasemanufacturingproductionandatthesamesharplyreducetheblue-collarworkforce,itcannothopetoremaincompetitiveoreventoremain"developed”.Theattempttopreservesuchblue-collarjobsisactuallyaprescriptionforunemployment.

ThisisnotaconclusionthatAmericanpoliticians,laborleadersorindeedthegeneralpubliccaneasilyunderstandoraccept.WhatconfusestheissueevenmoreitthattheUnitedStatesisexperiencingseveralseparateanddifferentshiftsinthemanufacturingeconomy.Oneistheaccelerationofthesubstitutionofknowledgeandcapitalformanuallabor.WhenHenryFordintroducedtheassemblylinein1909,hecutthenumberofman-hoursrequiredtoproduceamotorbysome80percentintwoorthreeyearsfarmorethananyoneexpectstoresultfromeventhemostcompleteprioritization.Butthereisnodoubtthatwearefacinganew,sharpaccelerationinthereplacementofmanualworkersbymachines—thatis,bytheproductsofknowledge.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,theshrinkageinthemanufacturinglaborforcedemonstrates（

）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,incoming25years,adevelopedcountryorindustry,inordertoremaincompetitive,oughtto（

）.

3.Americanpoliticiansandlaborleaderstendtodislike（

）.

4.Theword"prescription"in’’aprescriptionforunemployment"maybetheequivalentto（

）.

5.Thispassagemayhavebeenexceptedfrom（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thedegreetowhichacountry'sproductionisrobotized

B.areductioninacountry’smanufacturingindustries

C.aworseningrelationshipbetweenlaborandmanagement

D.thedifferencebetweenadevelopedcountryandadevelopingcountry

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.reducethepercentageoftheblue-collarworkforce

B.preserveblue-collarjobsforinternationalcompetition

C.acceleratemotor-carmanufacturinginHenryFord’sstyle

D.solvetheproblemofunemployment

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.confusioninmanufacturingeconomy

B.anincreaseinblue-collarworkforce

C.internalcompetitioninmanufacturingproduction

D.adropintheblue-collarjobopportunities

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.somethingrecommendedasmedicaltreatment

B.awaysuggestedtoovercomesomberdifficulty

C.somemeasurestakeninadvance

D.adevicetodire

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.amagazineaboutcapitalinvestment

B.anarticleonautomation

C.amotor-carmagazine

D.anarticleonglobaleconomy

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.文章提出諸如美國(guó)、日本等發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家，由于生產(chǎn)的進(jìn)步自動(dòng)化的加強(qiáng)，生產(chǎn)行業(yè)雇傭藍(lán)領(lǐng)工人的數(shù)量大大降低。所以A選項(xiàng)‘一個(gè)國(guó)家生產(chǎn)的自動(dòng)化程度‘符合題意。

2.根據(jù)文章第四段Ifacompany,anindustryoracountrydoesnotinthenextquartercenturysharplyincreasemanufacturingproductionandatthesamesharplyreducetheblue-collarworkforce,itcannothopetoremaincompetitiveoreventoremain"developed”.如果一個(gè)公司、一個(gè)行業(yè)或一個(gè)國(guó)家在未來25年里不大幅提高制造業(yè)產(chǎn)量，同時(shí)大幅削減藍(lán)領(lǐng)勞動(dòng)力，就不可能保持競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力，甚至不可能保持“發(fā)達(dá)”?？芍?，為了保持競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力，在增加產(chǎn)量的同時(shí)，必須減少藍(lán)領(lǐng)的數(shù)量。A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

3.先看選項(xiàng)，B、D選項(xiàng)相反，肯定一對(duì)一錯(cuò)，所以排除A、C。根據(jù)文章第四段最后一句和最后一段第一句Theattempttopreservesuchblue-collarjobsisactuallyaprescriptionforunemployment.ThisisnotaconclusionthatAmericanpoliticians,laborleadersorindeedthegeneralpubliccaneasilyunderstandoraccept.試圖保住這樣的藍(lán)領(lǐng)工作實(shí)際上是為失業(yè)開出的藥方。這不是一個(gè)美國(guó)政客、勞工領(lǐng)袖或公眾能夠輕易理解或接受的結(jié)論。文中清楚表明，保持藍(lán)領(lǐng)勞動(dòng)力工作機(jī)會(huì)是破除失業(yè)的良藥，政治和工會(huì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)都不希望藍(lán)領(lǐng)勞動(dòng)力失去工作機(jī)會(huì)。確定D選項(xiàng)‘藍(lán)領(lǐng)工作機(jī)會(huì)的減少‘符合題意。

4.prescription本意為‘處方藥’，由上題可知，在文中意思為‘破除失業(yè)的具體措施’，所以C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.根據(jù)全文可知，文章是屬于經(jīng)濟(jì)政治的一部分，D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

16.單選題

Acomprehensivemarketsystemshouldbeestablishedto______theflowoftalent,fundsandmaterials.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.suffice

B.necessitate

C.facilitate

D.fabricate

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.suffice足夠；足以B.necessitate使成為必要

C.facilitate促進(jìn)；促使D.fabricate編造；捏造

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】按照句意“應(yīng)該建立一個(gè)全面的市場(chǎng)體系來______人才、資金和物資的流動(dòng)”，根據(jù)空格后的單詞flow可知，空格處表示“促進(jìn)”符合句意，故該題選擇C項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D項(xiàng)都不符合句意。

【句意】應(yīng)該建立一個(gè)全面的市場(chǎng)體系來促進(jìn)人才、資金和物資的流動(dòng)。

17.單選題

Youshouldbuytheshirtonesizelargerthanyouusuallywear,becausethismaterial______whenyouwashesit.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.decreases

B.expands

C.shrinks

D.diminishes

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)decrease“減少，減小，降低”，B項(xiàng)expand“擴(kuò)張，使膨脹”，C項(xiàng)shrink“（使）縮小，（使）收縮，（衣服、布料）縮水”，D項(xiàng)diminish“減少，縮小”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息onesizelargerthanyouusuallywear“比平時(shí)穿的大一號(hào)”，結(jié)合空格前的詞語material“材料”可知，空格處填入shrink“縮水”符合語境。句意：你應(yīng)該買一件比你平時(shí)穿的大一號(hào)的襯衫，因?yàn)檫@種布料洗時(shí)會(huì)縮水。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

18.單選題

Ifyouworkunderacarwhenrepairingit,youoftengetvery（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.waxy

B.slippery

C.sticky

D.greasy

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。waxy“蠟制的，柔軟的”；slippery“狡猾的，不穩(wěn)定的”；sticky“粘的，粘性的”；greasy“油膩的，油脂的，諂媚的”。句意：如果你在車底下修車，你通常會(huì)沾滿油脂。D項(xiàng)符合題意。

19.翻譯題

1.Butisitreallythecase?TheinformationI’vecollectedoverlastfewyearsleadsmetobelievethatartisticandculturalprojectsmaybelessusefulthanmanygovernmentsthink.Infact,basicinfrastructureprojectsareplayingextremelyimportantroleandshouldbegivenpriority.

2.Thosewhoareinfavorofartisticandcu