考研考博-英語-華東交通大學(xué)理工學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-華東交通大學(xué)理工學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Everyyearthousandsofpeoplearearrestedandtakentocourtforshop-lifting.InBritainaloneaboutHK$3,000,000’sworthofgoodsarestolenfromshopseveryweek.ThisamountstosomethinglikeHK$150millionayear,andrepresentsabout4percentoftheshops’totalstock.Asaresultofthis"shrinkage"astheshopscallit,thehonestpublichastopayhigherprices.

Shop-lifterscanbedividedintothreemaincategories:theprofessionals,thedeliberateamateur,andthepeoplewhojustcan'thelpthemselves.Theprofessionalsdonotposemuchofaproblemforthestoredetectives,who,assistedbyclosedcircuittelevision,two-waymirrorsandvariousothertechnologicaldevices,canusuallycopewiththem.Theprofessionalstendtogoforhighvaluegoodsinpartsoftheshopswheresecuritymeasuresaretightest.And,inanycase,theyaccountforonlyasmallpercentageofthetotallossesduetoshop-lifting.

Thesameappliestothedeliberateamateurwhois,sotospeak,aprofessionalintraining.Mostofthemgetcaughtsoonerorlater,andtheyaredealtwithseverelybythecourts.

Therealproblemisthepersonwhogiveswaytoasuddentemptationandisinallotherrespectsanhonestandlaw-abidingcitizen.Contrarytowhatonewouldexpect,thiskindofshop-lifterisrarelypoor.Hedoesnotstealbecauseheneedsthegoodsandcannotaffordtopayforthem.Hestealsbecausehesimplycannotstophimself.Andtherearecountlessotherswho,becauseofage,sicknessorplainabsent-mindedness,simplyforgettopayforwhattheytakefromtheshops.Whencaught,allareliabletoprosecution,andthedecisionwhethertosendforthepoliceornotisinthehandsofthestoremanager.

Inordertopreventthequiteincrediblegrowthinship-liftingof-fences,somestores,infact,aredoingtheirbesttoseparatethethievesfromtheconfusedbyprohibitingcustomersfromtakingbagsintothestore.However,whatismostworryingaboutthewholeproblemis,perhaps,thatitisyetanotherinstanceoftheinnocentmajoritybeingpenalizedandinconveniencedbecauseoftheactionsofasmallminority.Itistheaircrafthijacksituationinanotherform.Becauseofthepossibilityofonepassengerinamillionboardinganaircraftwithaweapon,theother999,999passengersmustsubjectthemselvestosearchesanddelays.Unlessthesituationintheshopsimproves,intenyears'timewemayallhavetosubjectourselvestoabody-searcheverytimewegointoastoretobuyatinofbeans!

1.Whydoesthehonestpublichavetopayhigherpriceswhentheygototheshops?

2.Thethirdgroupofpeoplestealthingsbecausethey（

）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,law-abidingcitizens

（

）.

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaboutthemaintypesofshop-lifting?

5.Theaircrafthijacksituationisusedinordertoshowthat（

）.

問題1選項

A.Thereisa“shrinkage”inmarketvalues.

B.Manygoodsarenotavailable.

C.Goodsinmanyshopslackvariety.

D.Therearemanycasesofshop-lifting.

問題2選項

A.arementallyill

B.arequiteabsent-minded

C.cannotresistthetemptation

D.cannotaffordtopayforgoods

問題3選項

A.canpossiblystealthingsbecauseoftheirpoverty

B.canpossiblytakeawaygoodswithoutpaying

C.haveneverstolengoodsfromthesupermarkets

D.aredifficulttobecaughtwhentheystealthings

問題4選項

A.Abigpercentageofthetotallossesarecausedbytheprofessionals.

B.Thedeliberateamateurswillbepunishedseverelyiftheygetcaught.

C.Peoplewouldexpectthatthosewhocan'thelpthemselvesarepoor.

D.Theprofessionalsdon’tcausealotoftroubletothestoredetectives.

問題5選項

A."theprofessionalsdonotposemuchofaproblemforthestores"

B.somepeople"simplyforgettopayforwhattheytakefromtheshops"

C."thehonestpublichastopayhigherprices"

D.thethirdtypeofshop-liftersaredangerouspeople

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由文章第一段中的Asaresultofthis"shrinkage"astheshopscallit,thehonestpublichastopayhigherprices.（由于商店所說的“收縮”，誠實的公眾不得不支付更高的價格）可知是“shrinkage”是原因，“shrinkage”是指前面的shop-lifting（店內(nèi)盜竊）導(dǎo)致商場的損失，為了

彌補損失，因此誠實的顧客需要比以前付出更高的價格，因此選D。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由文章第二段中的Shop-lifterscanbedividedintothreemaincategories:theprofessionals,thedeliberateamateur,andthepeoplewhojustcan'thelpthemselves.（店內(nèi)盜竊可分為三大類：專業(yè)竊賊，深思熟慮的業(yè)余竊賊和那些無法控制自己的竊賊）可知C選項“抵擋不住誘惑”符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由文章第四段中的Andtherearecountlessotherswho,becauseofage,sicknessorplainabsent-mindedness,simplyforgettopayforwhattheytakefromtheshops.（還有數(shù)不清的其他人，由于年齡、疾病或明顯的心不在焉，干脆忘了為他們從商店拿走的東西買單）可知B選項“可能沒付錢就拿走商品”符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由文章第二段中的Theprofessionalstendtogoforhighvaluegoodsinpartsoftheshopswheresecuritymeasuresaretightest.And,inanycase,theyaccountforonlyasmallpercentageofthetotallossesduetoshop-lifting.（專業(yè)竊賊傾向于在安全措施最嚴(yán)格的部分商店購買高價值商品。而且，在任何情況下，它們只占因盜竊而造成的總損失的一小部分）可知A選項“總損失的大部分是由專業(yè)竊賊造成的”不正確，注意題干中問的是“NOTtrue”，因此選A。

5.推理判斷題。由文章最后一段中的thatitisyetanotherinstanceoftheinnocentmajoritybeingpenalizedandinconveniencedbecauseoftheactionsofasmallminority.Becauseofthepossibilityofonepassengerinamillionboardinganaircraftwithaweapon,theother999,999passengersmustsubjectthemselvestosearchesanddelays.（這是又一個例子，無辜的大多數(shù)因為少數(shù)人的行為而受到懲罰和不便。由于每百萬名乘客中就有一名乘客攜帶武器登上飛機，因此其他999，999名乘客必須接受搜查和延誤）可知此處指“店內(nèi)盜竊”與“飛機劫持事件”所帶來的后果在本質(zhì)上一樣的，耽誤了多數(shù)守法的人的時間，損害了他們的利益，因此選C。

2.單選題

Anorganizationisonlyasgoodasthepeopleitemploys.Selectingtherightpersonforthejobinvolvesmorethanidentifyingtheessentialordesirablerangeofskills,educationalandprofessionalqualificationsnecessarytoperformthejobandthenrecruiting（招募）thecandidatewhoismostlikelytopossesstheseskillsoratleastisperceivedtohavetheabilityandinclinationtoacquirethem.Thisisapurelyperson/skillsmatchapproachtoselection.

Workinvariablytakesplaceinthepresenceand/orunderthedirectionofothers,inaparticularorganizationalsetting.Theindividualhastofitinwiththeworkenvironment,withotheremployees,withtheorganizationalclimate,styleofwork,organizationandcultureoftheorganization.Differentorganizationshavedifferentcultures.WorkingasanengineeratBritishAerospacewillnotnecessarilybeasimilarexperiencetoworkinginthesamecapacityatGECorPlessey.

Poorselectiondecisionsareexpensive.Forexample,thecostsoftrainingapolicemanareabout￡20,000.Thecostsofemployinganunsuitabletechnicianonanoilrig（石油鉆塔）orinanuclearplantcould,inanemergency,resultinmillionsofpoundsofdamageorlossoflife.Thedisharmonyofapoorperson-environmentfitislikelytoresultinlowjobsatisfaction,lackoforganizationalcommitmentandemployeestress,whichaffectorganizationaloutcomes,ductivity,highratesofstaffchangeandabsenteeism,andindividualoutcomesi.e.physical,psychologicalandmentalwell-being.

Howeverdespitetheimportanceoftherecruitmentdecisionandtherangeofsophisticatedandmoreobjectiveselectiontechniqueavailable,includingtheuseofpsychometrictests,assessmentcentersetc.,manyorganizationsarestillpreparedtomakethisdecisiononthebasisofasingle30to45minuteunstructuredinterview.Indeed,researchhasdemonstratedthataselectiondecisionisoftenmadewithinthefirstfourminutesoftheinterview.Intheremainingtime,theinterviewerthenattendsexclusivelytoinformationthatreinforcestheinitial"accept"or"reject"decision.Researchintothevalidityofselectionmethodshasconsistentlydemonstratedthattheunstructuredinterview,wheretheinterviewerasksanyquestionsheorshelikes,isapoorpredictoroffuturejobperformanceanddoeslittlebetterthanmorecontroversialmethodslikegraphology（筆跡學(xué)）andastrology（占星術(shù)）.

1.Therightpersonforanorganizationshouldnotonlypossessnecessaryskillsforthejobbutalso（）.

2.WrongselectiondecisionswillleadtothefollowingoutcomesEXCEPT（）.

3.（）arethebestmethodtoidentifysuitableemployees.

4.Inanunstructuredinterview,（）willgreatlydeterminetheinterviewer'sfinaldecision.

5.Thispassageismainlyabout（）.

問題1選項

A.havetheabilityandinclinationtoacquiretheseskills

B.owneducationalandprofessionalqualifications

C.fitinwiththeorganization'senvironment

D.possesssimilarworkexperience

問題2選項

A.highertrainingcostsperperson

B.greaterdamageorcasualties

C.highjobsatisfaction

D.poorphysical,psychologicalandmentalwell-being

問題3選項

A.Psychometrictestsandassessmentcenters

B.Graphologyandastrology

C.Unstructuredinterviews

D.Structuredinterviews

問題4選項

A.thecandidate'sjobsatisfactionandorganizationalcommitment

B.theimpressionthecandidatemakesinthefirstfewminutes

C.thequestionstheinterviewerhappenstoaskthecandidate

D.thecandidate'scapabilitytocopewithanemergency

問題5選項

A.importanceofemployeeselection

B.futuretrendsinemployeeselection

C.bestmethodsofemployeeselection

D.popularmythsinemployeeselection

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第一段的倒數(shù)第二句“...oratleastisperceivedtohavetheabilityandinclinationtoacquirethem.”或者至少被認(rèn)為有能力和意愿獲得它們。選項A符合原文。

2.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知，選項A，B，D在本段均有提及且正確，只有選項C不符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根最后一段第一句“...manyorganizationsarestillpreparedtomakethisdecisiononthebasisofasingle30to45minuteunstructuredinterview.”許多組織仍然準(zhǔn)備在30到45分鐘的無組織面試的基礎(chǔ)上做出這個決定。選項C符合原文。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句“Indeed,researchhasdemonstratedthataselectiondecisionisoftenmadewithinthefirstfourminutesoftheinterview.”事實上，研究表明，選擇通常是在面試的前四分鐘內(nèi)做出的。選項B符合原文。

5.全文主旨題。本文主要介紹了應(yīng)該選拔什么樣的人才,錯誤的選拔會產(chǎn)生的后果以及選拔人才的方法,都是為人才選拔的重要性這一主題服務(wù)的。所以選項A正確。

3.單選題

Starvationprobablydoesn’tsoundlikeakeytolivingwellintooldage.Butasstrangeasitseems,calorierestriction,doneintermittently,appearstobeoneofthegatewaystolastinglong-termhealth.

Theconcepthasalreadybeenprovedeffectiveinmice,rats,dogsandmonkeys.However,verylimitedresearchhasbeendonetoevaluatethehealthimpactofcalorierestrictioninhumans.Inanimals,calorierestrictionisassociatedwithlongevity,decreasedriskforcancerandinflammatorydiseasesandlowercognitivedecline.Thechallengehasbeentotranslatetheconcepttotherealworldinwhichhumansneedtoeattogetthroughtheday.

Anewstudytestedoutamodifiedversionoftheconceptonhumans.ResearchersattheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniahavedesignedwhattheycalla“fastingmimickingdiet”thatprovidesallthebenefitsofstarvingyourself",withalittlelessstarvation.

Theplanlastsforfivedaysamonth,withacyclethat’srepeatedforthreemonths.OnDayOne,adietereatsfoodfromtheprescribedplanthattotals1,090calorieswith10percentprotein,56percentfat,and34percentcarbohydrates.OnDaysTwothroughFive...dietersconsumejust725calorieswith9percentprotein,44percentfat,and47percentcarbohydrates.

Peopleonthedietatevegetablesoup,energybars,energydrinksandlow-caloriesnackchips,anddrankalotofchamomiletea.Theyalsotookvegetable-baseddietarysupplements.Onnon-dietingdaystheyatenormally.

Itmaysoundgimmicky,butVijg,oneoftheresearchers,saysexistingsciencealreadybacksuptheclaimthattheplancouldeffectivelyimprovehumanhealthandprolonglife.Inhumans,thedietprovidedanumberofphysiologicalchangesthatcouldreduceriskfactorsforage-relatedconditionssuchasreducedbloodglucoseandinsulinlevels.

Inessence,fastinghastheabilitytoimprovestressresponseonacellularlevel.Apersononthisprogramislikelytoloseweightovertime,butresearcherssaybetterhealthinoldageistherealbenefit.Withtherightmarketing,Vijgbelievesafastingmimickingdietcouldbecomethenextcommerciallybrandeddietcraze,likeAtkinsorPaleo.However,itcouldalsohavesomepracticalapplicationsinamedicalsetting.Aphysiciancouldprescribethediettoapatientforaspecificamountoftimebeforesurgery,chemotherapyandothertypesoftreatmentsandproceduresthatareknowntocausetraumaandstresstothebody.

1.Whatisthedifficultyintheresearchoftheeffectofstarvationonhumans?

2.Themodifiedversionoftheconceptrefersto（

）.

3.WhatkindoffoodisNOTallowedondietingdays?

4.Accordingtotheresearchers,whatbenefitscanpeoplegetbyfollowingtheplan?

5.AtkinsandPaleointhelastparagraphmostprobablyrefertobrandnamesof

（

）.

6.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

問題1選項

A.Humansneedtoeatinreallife.

B.Animalsarefreefromdiseases.

C.Humansandanimalsresponddifferentlytostarvation.

D.Humansandanimalshavedifferentlifeexpectancy.

問題2選項

A.adietwithfruitsandvegetablesonly

B.aperiodicdietwithalittlefood

C.acalorie-consistentdiet

D.adietlastingforfivedaysonly

問題3選項

A.Energysupplements.

B.Sportdrinks.

C.Meatandfish.

D.Foodwithadditives.

問題4選項

A.Nicebodyshape.

B.Psychologicalwell-being.

C.Betterhealthinoldage.

D.Goodrelationswithothers.

問題5選項

A.healthyteas

B.populardiets

C.fastfood

D.weight-reducingmedicines

問題6選項

A.TheLessCalorie,theBetter?

B.SayNotoStarvation.

C.AProvedMethodofWeightManagement.

D.Coulda5-dayFastingDietProlongYourLife?

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:B

第6題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞，可將信息點定位至原文第二段最后一句，“Thechallengehasbeentotranslatetheconcepttotherealworldinwhichhumansneedtoeattogetthroughtheday.(現(xiàn)實世界中人類需要吃東西生存，要把（饑餓狀態(tài)對人們健康有益）這個理念傳遞給大眾不是一件容易的事。)”從而得出本題答案。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“themodifiedversionoftheconcept”，可將信息點定位至原文第三段最后一句和第四段第一句?！癶avedesignedwhattheycalla“fastingmimickingdiet”thatprovidesallthebenefitsofstarvingyourself",withalittlelessstarvation.(設(shè)計了一種他們稱之為“空腹模擬節(jié)食”的飲食方式，它提供了讓自己挨餓的所有好處，而且減少了一點饑餓。)”“Theplanlastsforfivedaysamonth,withacyclethat’srepeatedforthreemonths.(該計劃每月持續(xù)五天，每三個月重復(fù)一次。)”從而得出本題答案。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干信息，可將信息點定位至原文第五段?！癙eopleonthedietatevegetablesoup,energybars,energydrinksandlow-caloriesnackchips,anddrankalotofchamomiletea.Theyalsotookvegetable-baseddietarysupplements.(節(jié)食的人喝蔬菜湯，能量棒，能量飲料和低熱量的零食薯條，喝很多甘菊茶。他們還服用了以蔬菜為基礎(chǔ)的膳食補充劑。)”從而得出本題答案。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干信息，可將信息點定位至原文第六段第二句。“Inhumans,thedietprovidedanumberofphysiologicalchangesthatcouldreduceriskfactorsforage-relatedconditionssuchasreducedbloodglucoseandinsulinlevels.(對于人類，這種計劃能夠帶來一些體質(zhì)的變化，從而降低一些例如血糖和胰島素等隨著年齡增長而帶來的健康風(fēng)險。)”從而得出本題答案。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“AtkinsandPaleo”，可將信息點定位至原文最后一段，根據(jù)“Vijgbelievesafastingmimickingdietcouldbecomethenextcommerciallybrandeddietcraze,likeAtkinsorPaleo.(Vijg認(rèn)為，像Atkins和Paleo那樣，模仿禁食的飲食可能會成為下一個商業(yè)品牌的飲食熱潮。)”即可得出本題答案。

6.主旨大意題。根據(jù)“…calorierestriction,doneintermittently,appearstobeoneofthegatewaystolastinglong-termhealth.（間歇性地限制熱量攝入，似乎是保持長期健康的途徑之一。）”“fastingmimickingdiet（禁食模仿飲食）”，可知作者在本文探討的是這種階段性節(jié)食是否能夠長壽。從而得出本題答案。

4.單選題

Physicalexercisehasthecapacitytobeusedtoattempttocontrolemotionalfeelings,to（

）thecaloriesconsumedinfoodandtocontrolbodysize.

問題1選項

A.makeup

B.passon

C.workoff

D.markdown

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。makeup“構(gòu)成，編造”；passon“傳遞”；workoff“發(fā)泄，排除”；markdown“降低價格，記下”。句意為：體育運動有以下作用：可以用于控制情緒，排除從食物中所吸收的卡路里，并且控制體重。選項C符合句意。

5.單選題

I’venotevenreadthefirstchapter____finishedthewholenovel.

問題1選項

A.ratherthan

B.muchmore

C.aswellas

D.muchless

【答案】D

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.ratherthan而不是B.muchmore更加；多得多

C.aswellas也；和……一樣D.muchless更不用說；不及

【答案】D

【考查點】詞組辨析。

【解題思路】句意：我甚至還沒讀完第一章……看完整本小說。根據(jù)邏輯，小說第一章都沒有看完，可推斷更不用說看完整本小說了。因此選D。

【干擾項排除】A、B、C選項均無法與空格前后構(gòu)成相應(yīng)邏輯關(guān)系。

【句意】我連第一章都沒看完，更別說讀完整部小說了。

6.單選題

InDisneylandeveryyear,some800,000plantsarereplacedbecauseDisneyrefusedto（

）signsaskinghis“guests”nottostepontherm.

問題1選項

A.putdown

B.putout

C.putup

D.putoff

【答案】C

【解析】詞組辨析題。putdown鎮(zhèn)壓，貶低；putout熄滅，打擾；putup提供，建造，張貼；putoff推遲，阻止。

句意：在迪斯尼樂園，每年大約有80萬個植物被替換，因為迪斯尼拒絕張貼告示要求游客不要踩到植物。選項C符合句意。

7.單選題

Somepeoplewanttomakeasmuchmoneyastheycanbecausetheybelievethatmoneycanbringthemfameand（）.

問題1選項

A.directory

B.morality

C.prestige

D.monopoly

【答案】C

【解析】名詞辨析題。directory"名錄,目錄";morality"道德;品行";prestige"威望;聲譽";monopoly"壟斷權(quán)。句意：有些人想盡可能多的賺錢，因為他們相信錢可以給他們帶來名聲和威望。選項C符合句意。

8.單選題

Hewasfilledwithapprehensionaboutthefuture.

問題1選項

A.fear

B.hesitation

C.excitement

D.eagerness

【答案】A

【解析】根據(jù)句意可知，apprehension意為恐懼。fear害怕，恐懼；hesitation猶豫；excitement刺激，興奮；eagerness渴望，熱心。選項A與之意思相近。

9.單選題

Itisverystrange,butIhadan（

）thattheplanewouldcrash.

問題1選項

A.inspiration

B.intuition

C.imagination

D.incentive

【答案】B

【解析】inspiration靈感，鼓舞；intuition直覺；imagination想象力；incentive動機，刺激。句意：雖然很奇怪，但我有一種飛機會墜毀的直覺。選項B符合句意。

10.單選題

Scientistsbelievethataconclusionwhichisdrawnreadilybeforealloftherelevantdataarecollected,analyzedandcontemplatediscalled（）.

問題1選項

A.insincere

B.premise

C.premature

D.presumption

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。insincere“不誠懇的”，形容詞；premise“前提，假設(shè)”；premature“過早發(fā)生的事物；早產(chǎn)兒”;presumption“假定，推定”。根據(jù)conclusion“結(jié)論”及beforealloftherelevantdataarecollected,analyzedandcontemplated“在所有相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)被收集、分析和考慮之前”可知“稱為推定”符合語境，因此選項D符合題意。

11.單選題

Notuntilthe1980s（）inBeijingstarttofindwaystopreservehistoricbuildingsfromdestruction.

問題1選項

A.someconcernedcitizens

B.someconcerningcitizens

C.didsomeconcerningcitizens

D.didsomeconcernedcitizens

【答案】D

【解析】Notuntil位于句首應(yīng)使用倒裝。句子表示過去發(fā)生的事情，所以用一般過去時，借助于助動詞did并提前，concerning為介詞，也可以看作動名詞，表示使擔(dān)憂，但選項C的表達(dá)不符合語法；concerned為形容詞，在這里修飾citizens。所以選項D正確。

12.單選題

ColinmarriedmysisterandImarriedhisbrother,

makesColinandmedoublein-laws.

問題1選項

A.that

B.what

C.which

D.it

【答案】C

【解析】考查定語從句。通過分析句子，可知空格處需要填入一個引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的關(guān)系詞，因此選項C符合題意。句意：科林娶了我妹妹，我嫁給了他哥哥，這讓我們倆親上加親。

13.單選題

Hedoesnot___asateacherofEnglishashispronunciationisterrible.

問題1選項

A.equal

B.match

C.qualify

D.fit

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項equal“等于；比得上”；B選項match“相配，相稱；相似；與……成對；配對；”；C選項qualify“限定，修飾；使具有資格；證明……合格”；D選項fit“安裝；使……適應(yīng)；使……合身；與……相符”。句意：他不能___英語教師的工作，因為他的發(fā)音很糟糕。本句表達(dá)“他沒有資格作為英語老師”，因此C選項正確。

14.單選題

Thefathercan’tevendisciplinehimself,______agoodexampletohischildren.

問題1選項

A.muchmoretoset

B.muchlesssetting

C.muchlesstoset

D.stillmoresetting

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項muchmore“更加；多得多”，后面接形容詞；B選項muchlessdoing“更不用說”，后面可跟名詞、代詞和從句；C選項muchlesstodo非固定搭配；D選項stillmore“更加”。句意：這位父親甚至不能約束自己，______給他的孩子做個好榜樣了。根據(jù)語境，這里指不能約束自己，就更加不能做個好榜樣了，B選項muchlessdoing“更不用說”符合題意。因此B選項正確。

15.單選題

The______ofthewordisunknown,butitiscertainlynotfromGreek.

問題1選項

A.origin

B.generation

C.decent

D.cause

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞。A選項origin“起源，來源”，指事物開始出現(xiàn)的始點或其來源與出處；B選項generation“一代，產(chǎn)生”；C選項decent“正派的，得體的”，為形容詞；D選項cause“原因，起因”，指某事件、后果等的起因。句意：這個詞的起源是未知的，但肯定不是來自希臘語。

16.翻譯題

2.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.

和平與發(fā)展是當(dāng)今世界的兩大主題。維護世界和平，加強友好合作，促進共同發(fā)展是各國人民的共同愿望。當(dāng)前，貧困、失業(yè)、難民、犯罪、人口膨脹、環(huán)境惡化、毒品泛濫、恐怖主義等問題仍然嚴(yán)峻，影響著全球的穩(wěn)定與發(fā)展。中國與西方國家雖然國情不同，但在一系列重大國際問題上具有廣泛一致的利益。我對中國同西方各國關(guān)系的改善與發(fā)展感到高興。中國政府和人民愿在相互新生和平等互利的基礎(chǔ)上，同包括西方國家在內(nèi)的世界各國政府和人民一道，為和平與發(fā)展的崇高事業(yè)做出貢獻(xiàn)。

【答案】參考譯文：Peaceanddevelopmentarethetwomajorthemesintoday'sworld.Themaintenanceofworldpeace,strengtheningfriendshipandcooperationandpromotingcommondevelopmentarethecommonaspirationofallpeoples.Atpresent,poverty,unemployment,refugees,crime,apopulationexplosion,environmentaldegradation,drugtrafficking,terrorismandotherissuesarestillsevereandaffectglobalstabilityanddevelopment.AlthoughChinaandwesterncountrieshavedifferentnationalconditions,bothsideshavebroadlyconsistentinterestsinaseriesofmajorinternationalissues.IamdelightedtoseetheimprovementanddevelopmentoftheconnectionbetweenChinaandwestcountries.ThegovernmentandpeopleofChinawouldliketodevotetothegreatpeaceanddevelopmentonthebasisofmutualtrustandequalityandmutualbenefitwithallthepeopleandallthegovernmentsincludingwestcountries.

17.單選題

ThechancesofinfectionofBSEor"mad-cowdisease"maybeslight,butthatdoesnotstoppeople_______beefenmasse.

問題1選項

A.shunning

B.ignoring

C.disregarding

D.affronting

【答案】A

【解析】shun避開,避免;ignore不理睬,忽視;disregard漠視;affront公開侮辱，冒犯。句意：感染瘋牛病的概率是很小的，但這并不能阻止人們大量食用牛肉。選項A符合句意。

18.單選題

People___thatverticalflighttransportswouldcarrymillionsofpassengersasdotheairlinersoftoday.

問題1選項

A.convinced

B.anticipated

C.resolved

D.assured

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項convinced“說服；使確信，使信服”；B選項anticipated“預(yù)料，預(yù)期；預(yù)見，預(yù)計（并做準(zhǔn)備）”；C選項resolved“決定；溶解；使……分解；決心要做……”；D選項assured“保證；擔(dān)保；使確信；弄清楚”。句意：人們___，垂直飛行運輸將像今天的飛機一樣運載數(shù)百萬乘客。本句表達(dá)“人們曾經(jīng)預(yù)計”，因此B選項正確。

19.單選題

WhenastronautNeilArmstrongsetfootonthemoonforthefirsttime,onJuly20,1969,itrepresentedoneofthemostinspiringachievementsinman’shistorytomillionsofpeoplethroughouttheworld.ButtoasmallorganizationcalledtheInternationalFlatEarthResearchSociety,itwasnothingmorethanapieceofcleverlystagemanagedscience-fictiontrickery.

AndArmstrong’shistoricwordswhensteppingdownfromtheEaglemodule(宇宙飛船船艙)ontothedustylunarsurfaceabout240,000milesfromearth—“onesmallstepforaman,onegiantleapformankind”—wasaphrasethatcouldhavecomeonlyfromthepenofascriptwriter.

Asforthepicturesreputedly(一般被認(rèn)為地)takeninspaceshowingtheearthtobearotatingsphere,well,theywerejusttooludicrous(可笑的)forwords.Thesun,saytheFlatEarthier,circuitstheearthinsteadoftheearthrevolvingaroundthesun—anotionthatmostpeopletakeforgranted.

Thesociety,whosemembershipiscurrentlyestimatedtobeabout1,400,dismissesmuchofacceptedmodernthinkingabouttheshapeoftheearthassheernonsenseandisconvincedthattheentirehumanraceisbeingsubjectedtothegreatesthoax(騙局)inhistory.

FromitsheadquartersinLancaster,California,thesocietywagesawarofwordsthroughnewslettersandpamphletsagainsttheevilsofscience.

Thesocietywasfoundedabout1800inGreatBritainandtheUnitedStatesand,saysitsAmericanpresidentCharlesJohnson,wasdescendedfromtheZeteticsociety,whichtookitsnamefromanancientGreekphilosophicalschoolofskeptics.Itsurvivedunderthisnameuntil1956,whenitsgeneralsecretary,SamuelShelton,ofKent,England,changedthenametothepresenttitle.

Thesociety’sbeliefisthis:thattheearthisflat,withthelandmassesgroupedaroundthecentralpointoftheNorthPole.

TheAntarcticregionisnotthecompactislandmassitiscommonlybelievedtobebutanimpenetrableice-coldgirdle(環(huán)形物)aroundtheearth.TheFlatEarthierarguethattransantarcticexpeditionshaveneverhappened.Explorers,misledbyinstrumentfaults,merelytraveledanicyarewithinthegirdle.

1.TotheInternationalFlatEarthResearchSociety,man’sfirstlandingonthemoonwas______.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutthesociety?

3.Accordingtothesociety’sbelief,______.

4.Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthepassage?

5.Thispieceiswritten______.

問題1選項

A.oneofthemostinspiringeventsinman’shistory

B.onlyawell-conductedexperiment

C.justasmartly-performedtrick

D.ascience-fictionpieceproducedbyacertainscriptwriter

問題2選項

A.Itnowhasabout1,400members.

B.ItsheadquartersareinbothGreatBritainandtheUnitedStates.

C.Afteritsfoundationin1800,itwascalledtheZeteticSociety.

D.In1956,SamuelSheltonchangeditsnametothepresenttitle.

問題3選項

A.theearthisflatandtheArcticisanimpenetrableice-coldgirdlearoundtheearth

B.theAntarcticregionisacompactislandmass

C.someexplorershadmadesuccessfultransantarcticexpeditions

D.muchoftheacceptedmodernthinkingabouttheshapeoftheearthissheernonsense

問題4選項

A.TheInternationalFlatEarthResearchSociety

B.Man’sFirstLandingontheMoon

C.TheZeteticSociety

D.TheEvilsofScience

問題5選項

A.inamatter-of-factway

B.inasarcastictone

C.withatouchofirony

D.asajoke

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段最后一句ButtoasmallorganizationcalledtheInternationalFlatEarthResearchSociety,itwasnothingmorethanapieceofcleverlystagemanagedscience-fictiontrickery.（但是對一個叫做國際扁平地球研究協(xié)會的小組織來說，這只不過是一個巧妙的舞臺管理的科幻把戲。），說明國際扁平地球研究協(xié)會認(rèn)為人類首次登月是一個巧妙的把戲。因此C選項“只是一個聰明的把戲”正確。A選項“是人類歷史上最鼓舞人心的事件之一”，B選項“只是一個精心設(shè)計的實驗”，D選項“某位編劇制作的科幻作品”均不符合原文，所以A,B,D錯誤。

2.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。A選項“它現(xiàn)在有大約1400名成員”，由原文Thesociety,whosemembershipiscurrentlyestimatedtobeabout1,400（該學(xué)會目前的會員人數(shù)估計約有1400人）可知，A選項表述正確，排除A。C選項“在1800年成立后，它被稱為探究協(xié)會”，由原文Thesocietywasfoundedabout1800…wasdescendedfromtheZeteticsociety…Itsurvivedunderthisname（該協(xié)會于1800年左右在英國和美國建立……是探究派的后裔……它一直沿用這個名字）可知，C選項表述正確，排除C。D選項“1956年，塞繆爾?謝爾頓將其名稱改為現(xiàn)在的名稱”，由原文until1956,whenitsgeneralsecretary,SamuelShelton,ofKent,England,changedthenametothepresenttitle.（直到1956年，它的秘書長，來自英國肯特郡的塞繆爾?謝爾頓，把這個名字改為現(xiàn)在的名稱。）可知，D選項表述正確，排除D。B選項“它的總部既在英國又在美國”，由原文FromitsheadquartersinLancaster,California（在位于加州蘭開斯特的總部）可知，它的總部在美國，B選項不符合原文，所以本題選B。

3.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章最后一段第二句TheFlatEarthierarguethattransantarcticexpeditionshaveneverhappened.（扁平地球論者認(rèn)為穿越南極的探險從未發(fā)生過。），說明該協(xié)會不認(rèn)同地球是一個球體的觀點。因此D選項“關(guān)于地球形狀的許多公認(rèn)的現(xiàn)代思維完全是無稽之談”正確。A選項“地球是平的，北極地區(qū)是圍繞地球的一個不可逾越的冰冷帶”，由原文可知，他們指的是南極地區(qū)，所以A錯誤。B選項“南極地區(qū)是一個緊湊的島群”，由原文可知，他們認(rèn)為南極地區(qū)并不像人們通常認(rèn)為的那樣是一個緊湊的島群，所以B錯誤。C選項“一些探險家曾成功地進行過跨南極探險”，由原文可知，他們認(rèn)為穿越南極的探險從未發(fā)生過，所以C錯誤。

4.主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文可知，文章首先引入了國際扁平地球研究協(xié)會這個組織，接著介紹了他們的一系列觀點。因此A選項“國際扁平地球研究協(xié)會”符合文章主旨，最適合作為文章標(biāo)題。B選項“人類首次登月”，C選項“探究學(xué)會”只涉及到了文章的部分內(nèi)容，不能概括文章主旨，所以B,C錯誤。D選項“科學(xué)的弊端”，這是國際扁平地球研究協(xié)會的一個觀點，不符合文章主旨，所以D錯誤。

5.觀點態(tài)度題。結(jié)合全文可知，作者看似客觀地陳述了該協(xié)會的觀點，但文章一開始就正面闡明了登月屬于鼓舞人心的科學(xué)成就，而該協(xié)會卻持有相反觀點，暗含了作者的諷刺之意。因此C選項“帶有諷刺意味”正確。A選項“以實事求是的方式”，B選項“以諷刺的口吻”，D選項“作為一個笑話”均不符合題意，所以A,B,D錯誤。

20.單選題

ThePortuguesegiveagreatdealofcredittoonemanforhavingpromotedseatravel,thatman（）

PrinceHenrythenavigator,wholivedinthe15th

century.

問題1選項

A.was

B.named

C.being

D.called

【答案】B

【解析】考查分詞的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。分詞做狀語時其邏輯主語必須與主句主語一致,

若不一致時,

則要加上自己的邏輯主語。選項B正確。句意：葡萄牙人非常贊賞一個人,

因為他促進了海上旅行,

這個人就是生活在15世紀(jì)的航海家亨利王子。

21.單選題

There’salwaysintensemediacoverageofairplanecrashesandthatcanreallyplayintopeople’sfearsandskewtheirperceptionsofhowsafeitistofly.Theunderlinedpartmeans（）.

問題1選項

A.misconceive

B.distort

C.change

D.preoccupy

【答案】B

【解析】考查近義詞辨析。A選項misconceive“誤解，誤會”；B選項distort“扭曲；使失真；曲解”；C選項change“改變”；D選項preoccupy“（使）全神貫注；提前占據(jù)”。句意：媒體總是對飛機失事進行密集報道，這真的會加劇人們的恐懼，他們對飛行安全的認(rèn)知。根據(jù)句意和常識可以推斷，當(dāng)媒體