考研考博-英語-安徽工業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-安徽工業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

WemetMaryandherhusbandatapartytwomonthsago.（）we’vehadnofurthercommunication.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thereof

B.Thereby

C.Thereafter

D.Thereabouts

【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)Thereof“由此；在其中；關(guān)于……”；B選項(xiàng)Thereby“從而，因此；在那附近；在那方面”；C選項(xiàng)Thereafter“其后；從那時(shí)以后”；D選項(xiàng)Thereabouts“大約；在那附近”。由后半句“we’vehadnofurthercommunication”（我們沒有進(jìn)一步的聯(lián)系）可知是從上次見過以后就沒有聯(lián)系了，因此是時(shí)間前后的關(guān)系。句意：我們在兩個(gè)月前的一次聚會(huì)上遇到了瑪麗和她的丈夫，此后我們就沒有進(jìn)一步的聯(lián)系了。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

ThetragedyoftheCHALLENGER（

）anongoingcontroversyonallaspectsofAmerica’sspaceprogram.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.aroused

B.rose

C.arose

D.lifted

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。arouse意為“激起，引起（反應(yīng)或態(tài)度）”；rise意為“上升，攀升，提高”，其過去式為rose；arise是不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“發(fā)生，產(chǎn)生，出現(xiàn)”，其過去式為arose；lift意為“舉起，抬起”。

句意：挑戰(zhàn)者的悲劇在美國太空計(jì)劃的各個(gè)方面引起了持續(xù)不斷的爭議。

3.寫作題

Writeanessayabout200wordsasyouranswertothefollowingquestion:“ShouldtheChinesegovernmentpaymoreattentionandinvestmoreineducationforchildrenintheruralarea?”WriteyouransweronyourANSWERSHEETII.

【答案】Nowadays,thesocietycalledformoreeffortstoupgradetheeducationqualityinthevastwesternruralarea,wheretheeconomywasrelativelybackward.Toimprovetheeducationqualityinthewesternprovinces,especiallyintheruralarea,weshouldpromotesocialharmony,coordinatedevelopmentbetweenthecitiesandthecountryside,andpayattentiontothelong-termdevelopmentofthewesternregion.Moreinvestmentshouldbeinjectedintotheeducationsectorinthewesternruralareatoallowruralstudentstoreceivetheirfreenine-yearcompulsoryeducation.Thegovernmentshouldattractmoreoutstandingteacherstoserveinthecountryside.Also,moreeffortsshouldbemadetoimprovetheteachingandboardingfacilitiesforruralstudents,andteachingmethodsshouldalsobeimprovedtohelpstudentsdevelopcreativethinking.Theauthorityshouldalsostresstheimportanceofeducationforethnicminorities.Moreeffortsshouldbemadetodevelopethnicminorityeducationsoastomakecontributiontothecommonprosperityofallnationalities.

4.單選題

Variousinnovationshavebeenintroducedaswaystobreakoffoursystemwhichforcesstudentsthroughaseriousofidenticalclassroomsinwhichteachersdomostofthetalkingandstudentshavelittleopportunitytorespond.Amongtheseinnovationsareteamteachingandteachingaides,non-gradedelementaryandsecondaryschools,independentstudy,curriculafocusedonhelpingstudentsdiscoverthingsforthemselvesratherthanontryingtotellthemeverything,andschoolsdesignedformaximumflexibilitysothatstudentscanworkalone,orinsmallgroups,ortakepartinlarge--groupinstructionviadiversemedia.Theaimofalltheseinnovationsistoadaptinstructionmorepreciselytotheneedsofeachindividualstudent.Manypeoplewhohaveastrongdisliketoorganizinginstructionscientificallyandtobringingnewtechnologyintotheschoolsandcollegesfailtorealizethatthepresentsystemisinmanyrespectsmechanicalandrigid.Thevastdifferencesinthewaysstudentslearnaredisregardedwhentheyaretaughtthesamething,inthesameway,atthesametime.Thereisnoescapingtheevidencethatmanystudentsthemselvesfeellittleenthusiasmandevenoutrighthostilityforthepresentwayschoolsandcollegesareorganizedandinstructionishandled.Manyofthemresenttechnology,butwhattheyobjecttoisusuallytechnologyusedasameansforhandlingalargenumberofstudents.Oritisprogrammingwhichmerelyreproducesconventionalclassroomrespondsandlearns,reachingnewplateausfromwhichtoclimbtohigherlevelsofunderstanding.Technologicalmediacanstoreinformationuntilitisneededorwanted.Theycandistributeitoverdistancestoreachthestudentswherehehappenstobe.Theycanpresenttheinformationtothestudentthroughvarioussenses.Theycangivethestudenttheopportunitytoreacttothematerialinmanyways.Inshort,thestudents’opportunitiesforlearningcanbeincreasedandenhancedbyusingawiderangeofinstructionaltechnology.Alltheavailableresourcesforinstruction,includingtheteachers,canworktogethertocreateconditionsformaximumeffectivelearning.

1.Theauthorismainlyconcernedwith（

）.

2.Itcanbeinferredfromthearticlethatagoodeducationalsystemmust（

）.

3.Thenegativereactionsofstudentstotechnologyaretheresultof

（

）.

4.Allofthefollowingarementionedasacapabilityaretheresultof

（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.providingthepossibilityforstudentstotakethecoursestheywant

B.makingtechnologyanactivetoolintheschool

C.relievingtheteacherfromroutineduties

D.meetingtheneedsofeachstudent

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.notdependonteachers

B.makeuseofvaryingmethodsofteaching

C.placearenewedemphasisonscience

D.notorganizetheirinstruction

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.unknownfactors

B.ageneralhostilitytowardeducation

C.itsmisuse

D.itsnewnessintheschools

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.makeiteasierforstudentstoobtainneededinformation

B.providemanywaysofteachingthesamething

C.makelearningeasyandfun

D.providestudentswithenrollmentexam

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。根據(jù)原文第三句“Theaimofalltheseinnovationsistoadaptinstructionmorepreciselytotheneedsofeachindividualstudent.所有這些創(chuàng)新的目的是調(diào)整教學(xué)使之更加精確來適應(yīng)每個(gè)學(xué)生的需要?！庇纱丝芍?，作者最關(guān)心的是滿足每個(gè)學(xué)生的需求。選項(xiàng)D正確。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)原文最后一句“Alltheavailableresourcesforinstruction,includingtheteachers,canworktogethertocreateconditionsformaximumeffectivelearning.所有可用的教學(xué)資源，包括教師，可以共同努力，為最大限度地有效學(xué)習(xí)創(chuàng)造條件?！庇纱丝赏茰y，選項(xiàng)B正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)原文第七句“Manyofthemresenttechnology,butwhattheyobjecttoisusuallytechnologyusedasameansforhandlingalargenumberofstudents.他們（學(xué)生）中的許多人討厭技術(shù)，但他們反對(duì)的通常是技術(shù)被用作處理大量學(xué)生的手段?！币簿褪钦f，大多數(shù)學(xué)生反對(duì)技術(shù)是因?yàn)榧夹g(shù)被錯(cuò)誤的使用，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)原文后半部分“Theycanpresenttheinformationtothestudentthroughvarioussenses.Theycangivethestudenttheopportunitytoreacttothematerialinmanyways.Inshort,thestudents’opportunitiesforlearningcanbeincreasedandenhancedbyusingawiderangeofinstructionaltechnology.它們（技術(shù)）可以通過各種判斷把信息呈現(xiàn)給學(xué)生。它們可以給學(xué)生機(jī)會(huì)，以多種方式對(duì)事物作出反應(yīng)。總之，學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)會(huì)可以通過使用廣泛的教學(xué)技術(shù)來增加和提高。”由此可知，只有選項(xiàng)D沒有提及，所以本題選D。

5.單選題

Asuitcasewithshirts,trousers,andshoes（

）stolenfromthecar.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.havebeen

B.hasbeen

C.are

D.was

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)與主謂一致。本句的主語asuitcase為單數(shù)，withshirts,trousers,andshoes作句子的伴隨狀語，故謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，排除A、C選項(xiàng)，此處表示被動(dòng)且沒有完成時(shí)態(tài)標(biāo)志詞，因此選D。句意：一個(gè)裝有襯衫、褲子和鞋子的手提箱在車上被偷了。

6.單選題

Comicartcanbe,andoftenis,deadlyserious,atwhichpointitis___difficulttocategorizeit.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.awfully

B.indicatively

C.crucially

D.ultimately

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)awfully“可怕地；十分；非常；很”；B選項(xiàng)indicatively“指示地，表示地；象征地；陳述地”；C選項(xiàng)crucially“關(guān)鍵地；至關(guān)重要地”；D選項(xiàng)ultimately“最后；根本；基本上”。句意：喜劇藝術(shù)可以是，而且往往是極度的嚴(yán)肅，在這一點(diǎn)上很難對(duì)它進(jìn)行分類。結(jié)合此處語境，A為正確答案。

7.單選題

Iadmirehercourage,compassionand（

）tothecauseofhumanity,justiceandpeace.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.devotion

B.determination

C.opposition

D.realism

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析題。devotion奉獻(xiàn)，忠誠，熱愛；determination決心，果斷；opposition反對(duì)；realism現(xiàn)實(shí)主義。句意：我欽佩她為了人道，正義與和平所表現(xiàn)出來的勇氣、同情心和奉獻(xiàn)精神。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

8.單選題

Theproblemthaturbansprawlis（）upontheun-spoiltcountrysidedeservesmoreattentionfromthegovernmentandthepublic.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.occupying

B.taking

C.encroach

D.encroaching

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)occupy“占據(jù)；占用”；B選項(xiàng)take“拿走；取走”；C選項(xiàng)encroach“侵占(某人的時(shí)間)；蠶食(土地)”；D選項(xiàng)encroaching“encroach的現(xiàn)在分詞形式”。句意：城市擴(kuò)張正在侵蝕著未被破壞的農(nóng)村，這一問題值得政府和公眾更多的關(guān)注。此處的選項(xiàng)應(yīng)與介詞upon構(gòu)成搭配，而空格前面為be動(dòng)詞，因此此處應(yīng)該為現(xiàn)在分詞形式，故選D。encroachupon表示“侵犯，侵占”。

9.單選題

Thesedaysagreenbuildingmeansmorethanjustthecolorofthepaint.Greenbuildingscanalsorefertoenvironmentallyfriendlyhouses,factories,andoffices.

Buildingsaccountfor65percentoftotalU.Selectricityuse.Butgreenbuildingscanreduceenergyandwateruse.Also,thebuildingsareoftenlocatednearpublictransportationsuchasbusesandsubways,sothatpeoplecandrivetheircarsless.Thatcouldbegoodfortheenvironment,becausecarsuselotsofnaturalresourcessuchasgasoline,andgiveoffpollution.Greenbuildingsareoftenbuiltonpreviouslydevelopedland,sothatthebuildingsdon’tdestroyforestsorotherwildhabitats.

MartyDettlingisprojectmanagerforabuildingthatputstheseideasintoaction.TheSolairehasbeencalledthecountry’sfirstgreenresidentialhigh-risebuilding.AccordingtoDettling,“We’vereducedourenergyconsumptionbyone-thirdandourwaterby50percent.”Noteveryoneisleapingtomoveintoagreenbuilding,however.Somepeoplethinkthatfeaturessuchassolarpanelscostmoremoneythanmoretraditionalenergysources.Despitethis,Dettlinghopesthatgreenbuildingswillbecomecommoninthefuture.“It’sgoingtobebig,”shesaid.

1.Whatdogreenbuildingsrefertonowadays?

2.Theword“Also”(line2,Para.2)isusedto（

）.

3.Intermsoflanduse,greenbuildingsareconstructedby（

）.

4.WhyaresomepeopleNOTsointerestedingreenbuildings?

5.WhatdidMartyDettlingmeanwhenshesaid“It’sgoingtobebig”?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Buildingspaintedbygreenhands.

B.Buildingscoveredwithgreenplants

C.Buildingsthatareenvironmentallyfriendly.

D.Buildingslikehouses,factories,andoffices.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.continuethediscussionoftotalU.Selectricityuse

B.expandthetopicofthereductionofenergyandwateruse

C.includethediscussionofpublictransportation

D.shiftthefocustothetopicoftheenvironmentprotection

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.makinguseofthedevelopedland

B.developingnewland

C.clearingthegroundinaforest

D.destroyingwildhabitats

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theydonotjumpintoagreenbuilding.

B.Theyfailtomoveintoagreenbuilding.

C.Theythinkthatsolarpanelsarenotsafeenough.

D.Theyfinditmorecostlytoliveinagreenbuilding.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Peopleexpectbiggergreenbuildings.

B.Greenbuildingshaveagreatpotential.

C.Greenbuildingswillbelargerinsize.

D.Peopleprefertoliveinbiggerbuildings.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.根據(jù)文章第一段：Greenbuildingscanalsorefertoenvironmentallyfriendlyhouses,factories,andoffices.綠色建筑還可以指環(huán)保型的房屋、工廠和辦公室。確定C選項(xiàng)‘環(huán)保型建筑’正確。A選項(xiàng)‘新手刷的建筑’、B選項(xiàng)‘覆蓋綠色植物的建筑’、D選項(xiàng)‘類似房屋、工廠和辦公室的建筑’與原文不符，排除。

2.根據(jù)文章第二段：Butgreenbuildingscanreduceenergyandwateruse.但是綠色建筑可以減少能源消耗，節(jié)約用水。...thebuildingsareoftenlocatednearpublictransportationsuchasbusesandsubways：這類建筑通常坐落在離公交車站和地鐵等公共交通工具較近的地方。確定是進(jìn)一步闡述綠色建筑的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和好處。所以B選項(xiàng)‘展開論述綠色建筑可以減少能源消耗，節(jié)約用水這一主題‘正確。A選項(xiàng)‘繼續(xù)討論全美國電力使用情況’這個(gè)之前已經(jīng)提到過，排除。C選項(xiàng)‘討論公共交通’與原文不符。D選項(xiàng)‘變換話題，討論環(huán)境保護(hù)’原文未提及。

3.根據(jù)文章第二段：Greenbuildingsareoftenbuiltonpreviouslydevelopedland,sothatthebuildingsdon’tdestroyforestsorotherwildhabitats.綠色建筑通常是建在原來己開發(fā)過的土地上，從而可以避免破壞森林或者其他野生棲息地，確定選項(xiàng)A‘利用已開發(fā)的土地‘正確。

4.根據(jù)文章最后一段：Somepeoplethinkthatfeaturessuchassolarpanelscostmoremoneythanmoretraditionalenergysources.—些人認(rèn)為太陽能電池板的成本遠(yuǎn)高于傳統(tǒng)能源，確定選項(xiàng)D‘他們發(fā)現(xiàn)生活在綠色建筑中的生活成本太高‘正確。A選項(xiàng)‘他們不能一頭扎進(jìn)綠色建筑中’、B選項(xiàng)‘他們沒能搬進(jìn)綠色建筑內(nèi)’、C選項(xiàng)‘他們認(rèn)為太陽能電池板不夠安全‘原文都未提及，排除。

5.根據(jù)文章最后一段：Despitethis,Dettlinghopesthatgreenbuildingswillbecomecommoninthefuture.盡管一些人認(rèn)為太陽能電池板的成本遠(yuǎn)高于傳統(tǒng)能源，但是德特林希望綠色建筑在未來能夠普及。確定B選項(xiàng)‘綠色建筑有很大的發(fā)展?jié)摿Α_。A選項(xiàng)’人們希望更大的綠色建筑‘、C選項(xiàng)’綠色建筑在規(guī)模上將更大‘、D選項(xiàng)’人們喜歡住更大的房子‘文章都沒有提及，排除。

10.翻譯題

Directions:translatetheunderlinedpartofthefollowingTEXTintoEnglish.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.

人與自然是生命共同體，人類必須尊重自然、順應(yīng)自然、保護(hù)自然。人類只有遵循自然規(guī)律才能有效防止在開發(fā)利用自然上走彎路，人類對(duì)大自然的傷害最終會(huì)傷及人類自身這是無法抗拒的規(guī)律。

我們要建設(shè)的現(xiàn)代化是人與自然和諧共生的現(xiàn)代化，既要?jiǎng)?chuàng)造更多物質(zhì)財(cái)富和精神財(cái)富以滿足人民日益增長的美好生活需要，也要提供更多優(yōu)質(zhì)生態(tài)產(chǎn)品以滿足人民日益增長的優(yōu)美生態(tài)環(huán)境需要。必須堅(jiān)持節(jié)約優(yōu)先、保護(hù)優(yōu)先、自然恢復(fù)為主的方針，形成節(jié)約資源和保護(hù)環(huán)境的空間格局、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、生產(chǎn)方式、生活方式，還自然以寧靜、和諧、美麗。

【答案】Asacommunityoflife,humanmustrespect,conformtoandprotectnature.Onlybyfollowingthelawsofnaturecanhumanbeingseffectivelypreventdetoursinthedevelopmentandutilizationofnature.Itisanirresistiblelawthathumanbeings’harmtonaturewilleventuallyhurtthemselves.

Themodernizationweseekisoneinwhichhumanandnatureliveinharmony.Weneedtocreatemorematerialandspiritualwealthtomeetpeople’sever-growingneedsforabetterlife,andweneedalsotoprovidemorequalityecologicalgoodstomeetpeople’sever-growingdemandsforabeautifulenvironment.

11.單選題

Thegrowthofpart-timeandflexibleworkingpatterns,andoftrainingandretrainingschemes,（

）morewomentotakeadvantageofemploymentopportunities.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.haveallowed

B.allow

C.allowing

D.allows

【答案】D

【解析】考查主謂一致。通過分析句子，可知句子缺少的是謂語動(dòng)詞，主語是thegrowth，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用單數(shù)，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

12.單選題

Heisstrugglingtomoveonafter___emotionalandhealthproblems.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.abundleof

B.apartof

C.aseriesof

D.abunchof

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.abundleof一束B.apartof一部分

C.aseriesof一系列的；一連串的D.abunchof一群

【考查點(diǎn)】詞組辨析。

【解題思路】這里的短語用來形容“情感和健康問題”，C選項(xiàng)aseriesof“一系列的”表示一系列的，符合句子邏輯。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D選項(xiàng)均無法與空格前后構(gòu)成相應(yīng)邏輯關(guān)系。

【句意】在經(jīng)歷了一系列情感和健康問題后，他正在努力向前看。

13.翻譯題

Directions:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)

YourSmartphoneHasOfficiallyHijackedYourLife(46)It’stimeforyoutotakestepNo.1andacknowledgedthatthereisaproblemthatyouarepowerlesstoresolve—thatthemomentyouandyourdatefinishorderingdinneryoupulloutyoursmartphonesandstarttextingsoyoudon’thavetofacethepossibilityofsilence;thatyouhavecometobelievethatyoumore-or-lessactuallyhavereadWarandPeacebecauseyoureadtheplotsummaryonWikipedia;thatyoufindoutwhatyourkidisuptonotbytalkingtoherbutbymonitoringherFacebookpage;(47)thatatworkyousimplycannotgomorethan10minuteswithoutsurreptitiouslycheckingemailnomatterhowmuchelseyouhavetodo—andthatiftherearenonewmessagesyoufeellikeatotalloser;thatyou’realwaystakingpicturesofyourselfwithyourfriendssoyoucancheckonhowgoodyoulook;thatyoucheatonthecrosswordpuzzle;thateventhoughyou’remarriedyouarealwaysassessingyourmarketvalueon—whichisnotcheating,right?

(48)Butthinkoftheupsides.Youcannevergetlostanymore,youalwaysknowhowtopackforwhereveritisyou’regoing.Youdealwithfewermediocremeals,fewerhotelswithlousyservice.Therearenoticketlinesforthemovie,noneedforpick-uplinesatbarsorexcruciatingintroQ-and-Asatparties,noriskofboredomasyouplayTempleRunorcheckstockpricesbetweensubwaystops.(49)Goneisthefrustrationofnotbeingabletoidentifythesongyou’rehearing,ortheinadequacyofnotknowingthemeaningoftheacronymthattheknow-it-allinthenextofficeusedatyesterday’sstaffmeeting.Instantexpertiseoneverysubject,andallthedatayoucouldimaginetobackupyourownpersonalconvictionsabouttheevilsofgluten,deliveredtoyourbraininpredigestedparagraphs.Cameraatthereadyforeveryphotoop,voicerecorderforwhateverideapopsintoyourheadandoutofyourmouth.(50)Sowhatifyourattentionspanhasbeenfragmentedintonanoseconds,ifyoumeasureyoursociallifebyFacebookfriends,yourprofessionalworthbyGooglehits,andtheworstwordsyoucanimagineare“airplanemode”?

Weareallone-marshmallowOCDnarcissists,grantedbyourdevicesthemagicofcomprehensiveinstantgratification,ofself-reinforcingworldviews,ofcontroloverthedailyminutiaofourfatesandfortunes.Tonotbeirrevocablyaddictedtooursmartphoneswouldbesenseless.

Thatbeingsaid,whyisitthattheessenceofourapp-mediatedexistenceseemssoeerilyreminiscentofsomeofourmostfamousandenduringvisionsofdystopia?

【答案】【參考譯文】

46.是時(shí)候采取第一步，承認(rèn)你有一個(gè)無力解決的問題。

47.在工作中，不管你還有多少事要做，你根本無法超過十分鐘不去偷偷地查看郵件，而且如果沒有新消息，你會(huì)覺得自己是一個(gè)十足的失敗者。

48.但是想想好的方面。你再也不會(huì)迷路了，而且無論去哪里，你都知道怎么打包行李。

49.無法辨別聽到的歌曲的挫敗感，或者不知道隔壁辦公室那個(gè)萬事通在昨天的員工會(huì)議上使用的首字母縮略詞的意思的不足感都已經(jīng)消失了。

50.所以，如果你的注意力被分割成幾納秒，如果你用臉書上的好友數(shù)來衡量你的社交生活，用谷歌點(diǎn)擊量來衡量你的職業(yè)價(jià)值而你能想到的最糟糕的詞是“飛行模式”，那將會(huì)怎么樣？

14.單選題

Ifthedisputeisnotsettledina(n)_______waysoon,thetwocountrieswillcertainlygotowar.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.amiable

B.amicable

C.inimical

D.unfriendly

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)amiable“親切友好的”；B選項(xiàng)amicable“心平氣和的”；C選項(xiàng)inimical“對(duì)……有害的；敵意的”；D選項(xiàng)unfriendly“不友好的”。句意：如果爭端不盡快以_______的方式解決，這兩個(gè)國家肯定會(huì)開戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)語境，這里指如果沒有妥善解決這個(gè)問題，就會(huì)引發(fā)戰(zhàn)爭，amicable“心平氣和的”方式放在這里比較合適。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

Theteachersaidthathewouldn’ttolerate______lateeveryday.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.formetoarrive

B.mearrived

C.metoarrive

D.myarriving

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞用法。句意：老師說他不能容忍我每天遲到。toleratesth.意為“忍受某事”；toleratedoingsth.意為“忍受繼續(xù)做相同的事”；toleratetodosth.意為“忍受做另一件事”，所以D選項(xiàng)myarriving作賓語符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

16.單選題

Intheaccidentthreemenweretrappedinasubmergedvehicle,andtheironlyhopewasanothermanwhoselegswerebroken.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.wrecked

B.burnt

C.overturned

D.sunk

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在這次事故中，三個(gè)人被困在一輛被水淹沒的汽車中，而另外一位腿受傷的男性是他們唯一的希望。wrecked“失事的，遇難的”；burnt“燒焦的”；overturned“傾覆的”；sunk“下沉的”。劃線單詞submerge的意思是“水下的”，因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

17.單選題

Withallitsadvantages,thecomputerisbynomeanswithoutits（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.boundaries

B.confinements

C.limitations

D.restraints

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。boundary意為“分界線”；confinement意為“禁閉，關(guān)押”；limitation意為“限制，局限”；restraint意為“抑制，克制”。

句意：雖然有這么多的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，電腦也絕不是沒有任何限制的。

18.單選題

Ifyousaythatsomethingis（）,youareemphasizingthatitcannotbejustifiedor,toleratedbecauseitisextremelybad.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inevitable

B.ineffective

C.inexcusable

D.inexplicable

【答案】C

【解析】inevitable必然的,不可避免的；ineffective無效的,不起作用的；inexcusable不可原諒的；inexplicable費(fèi)解的。句意：如果你說某件事是不可原諒的,你是在強(qiáng)調(diào)它是不合理的或不能容忍的,因?yàn)樗菢O其糟糕的。選項(xiàng)C更符合語境。

19.單選題

Humansdifferfromotherspecies（）wepossesshistoryaswellasprehistory,hundredsandhundredsofdiverseculturesandsubcultures,andthepossibilityofinformed,consciouschoice.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.grantedthat

B.suchas

C.inasmuchas

D.inthat

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)grantedthat“即使；假定”；B選項(xiàng)suchas“比如；諸如”；C選項(xiàng)inasmuchas“由于，因?yàn)椤?；D選項(xiàng)inthat“因?yàn)?；由于；既然”。句意：人類不同于其他物種，我們擁有歷史和史前史，數(shù)以百計(jì)的不同文化和亞文化，以及知情的、有意識(shí)的選擇的可能性。由句意可推測出空格處應(yīng)為“因?yàn)椤?，C選項(xiàng)、D選項(xiàng)均有“因?yàn)椤钡囊馑迹獵選項(xiàng)inasmuchas前需要有逗號(hào)，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

20.單選題

Atsometimeinyourlifeyoumayhaveastrongdesiretodosomethingstrangeorterrible.However,chancesarethatyoudon’tactonyourimpulse,butletitpassinstead.Youknowthattocommittheactioniswronginsomewayandthatotherpeoplewillnotacceptyourbehavior.

Perhapsthemostinterestingthingaboutthephenomenonoftaboobehaviorishowitcanchangeovertheyearswithinthesamesociety,howcertainbehaviorandattitudesonceconsideredtaboocanbecomeperfectlyacceptableandnaturalatanotherpointintime.Topicssuchasdeath,forexample,wereonceconsideredsoupsettingandunpleasantthatitwasatabootoeventalkaboutthem.NowwiththepublicationofimportantbookssuchasOnDeathandDyingandLearningtoSayGoodbye,peoplehavebecomemoreawareoftheimportanceofexpressingfeelingsaboutdeathand,asaresult,aremorewillingtotalkaboutthistaboosubject.

OneofthenewesttaboosinAmericansocietyisthetopicoffat.Unlikemanyothertaboos,fatistopicthatAmericanstalkaboutconstantly.It’snottaboototalkaboutfat;it’stabootobefat.The“in”lookisthin,notfat.Intheworkworld,mostcompaniespreferyouthful-looking,trimexecutivestoselltheirimageaswellastheirproductstothepublic.Thethinlookisassociatedwithyouth,vigor,andsuccess.Thefatperson,ontheotherhand,isthoughtofaslazyandlackinginenergy,self-discipline,andself-respect.Inanimage-conscioussocietyliketheU.S.,thinis“in”,fatis“out”.

It’snotsurprising,then,thatmillionsofAmericanshavebecomeobsessedwithstayingslimand“inshape”.Thepursuitofayouthfulphysicalappearanceisnot,however,thesolereasonforAmerica’sfascinationwithdietandexercise.Recentresearchhasshownthecriticalimportanceofdietandexerciseforpersonalhealth.Asinmosttechnologicallydevelopednations,thelife-styleofNorthAmericanshaschangeddramaticallyduringthecourseofthelastcentury.Modernmachinesdoallthephysicallaborthatpeoplewereonceforcedtodobyhand.Carsandbusestransportusquicklyfrompointtopoint.Asaresultofinactivityanddisuse,people’sbodiescaneasilybecomeweakandvulnerabletodisease.Inanefforttoavoidsuchafate,millionsofAmericansarespendingmoreoftheirtimeexercising.

66.Fromthepassagewecaninfertaboois______.

67.Basedontheideaspresentedinthepassagewecanconclude“beingfat”_______inAmericansociety.

68.Thetopicoffatis______manyothertaboosubjects.

69.IntheU.S.,thinis“in”,fatis“out”,thismeans______.

70.Apartfromthisnewunderstandingofthecorrelationbetweenhealthandexercise,themainreasonthepassagegivesforwhysomanyAmericansareexercisingregularlyis______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.astrongdesiretodosomethingstrangeorterrible

B.acrimecommittedonimpulse

C.behaviorconsideredunacceptableinsociety’seyes

D.anunfavorableimpressionleftonotherpeople

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.willalwaysremainataboo

B.isnotconsideredataboobymostpeople

C.haslongbeenataboo

D.maynolongerbeataboosomeday

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.thesameas

B.differentfrom

C.morepopularthan

D.lessoftentalkedaboutthan

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.thinis“inside”,fatis“outside”

B.thinis“diligent”,fatis“l(fā)azy”

C.thinis“youthful”,fatis“spiritless”

D.thinis“fashionable”,fatis“unfashionable”

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.theirchangedlife-style

B.theireagernesstostaythinandyouthful

C.theirappreciationoftheimportanceofexercise

D.theencouragementtheyhavereceivedfromtheircompanies

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】66.推理判斷題。題干意思是“從文章中我們可以推斷禁忌是……”。根據(jù)第二段第一句Perhapsthemostinterestingthingaboutthephenomenonoftaboobehaviorishowitcanchangeovertheyearswithinthesamesociety,howcertainbehaviorandattitudesonceconsideredtaboocanbecomeperfectlyacceptableandnaturalatanotherpointintime.（也許關(guān)于禁忌行為現(xiàn)象最有趣的事情是它是如何在同一社會(huì)中隨著時(shí)間的推移而改變的，某些曾經(jīng)被認(rèn)為是禁忌的行為和態(tài)度是如何在另一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)變得完全可接受和自然的）可知，某些曾經(jīng)被認(rèn)為是禁忌的行為和態(tài)度在另一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)變得完全可接受和自然的，那么可以推斷禁忌是不可以被接受的一種行為，所以C項(xiàng)“被社會(huì)認(rèn)為是不可接受的行為”正確。A項(xiàng)“想要做一些奇怪或可怕的事情的強(qiáng)烈欲望”是干擾項(xiàng)，在第一段中有原話Atsometimeinyourlifeyoumayhaveastrongdesiretodosomethingstrangeorterrible.（在你生命中的某些時(shí)候，你可能有強(qiáng)烈的欲望去做一些奇怪或可怕的事情），這是為了引出禁忌行為這個(gè)話題，不是禁忌的推斷結(jié)果，所以A項(xiàng)不選；B項(xiàng)“沖動(dòng)而犯的罪行”，文中沒有提到罪行；D項(xiàng)“給別人留下不好的印象”太廣泛，不能準(zhǔn)確表述禁忌的含義。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

67.推理判斷題。題干意思是“根據(jù)文章中提出的觀點(diǎn)，我們可以得出推斷‘變得肥胖’在美國社會(huì)是……”。第二段第一句指出Perhapsthemostinterestingthingaboutthephenomenonoftaboobehaviorishowitcanchangeovertheyearswithinthesamesociety,howcertainbehaviorandattitudesonceconsideredtaboocanbecomeperfectlyacceptableandnaturalatanotherpointintime.（也許關(guān)于禁忌行為現(xiàn)象最有趣的事情是它是如何在同一社會(huì)中隨著時(shí)間的推移而改變的，某些曾經(jīng)被認(rèn)為是禁忌的行為和態(tài)度是如何在另一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)變得完全可接受和自然的），可知禁忌行為在某一天可以變得能夠接受；接著第三段討論到了美國社會(huì)的肥胖問題，根據(jù)第三段第三句It’snottaboototalkaboutfat;it’stabootobefat.（談?wù)摲逝植⒉皇墙?，變得肥胖才是禁忌）可知變得肥胖在美國社?huì)是一個(gè)禁忌，那么根據(jù)這兩處可以推斷，變得肥胖在美國社會(huì)中雖然是一個(gè)不可接受的禁忌行為，但是在某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)可能會(huì)變得可以接受，所以D項(xiàng)“在將來某一天可能不再是一個(gè)禁忌”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“將永遠(yuǎn)是一個(gè)禁忌”不符合原文；第三段第一句提到OneofthenewesttaboosinAmericansocietyisthetopicoffat.（關(guān)于肥胖的話題是美國社會(huì)最新的禁忌之一），B項(xiàng)“不被大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為是禁忌”表述錯(cuò)誤；C項(xiàng)“長期以來一直是禁忌”錯(cuò)誤，文中提到肥胖是美國社會(huì)最新的禁忌，所以不可能長期以來都是。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

68.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“關(guān)于肥胖的話題與許多其他禁忌話題相比，是……”。第三段第二句提到Unlikemanyothertaboos,fatistopicthatAmericanstalkaboutconstantly.（不像其他的禁忌，肥胖是美國人經(jīng)常談?wù)摰脑掝}）可知，肥胖的話題不同于其他禁忌話題，所以B項(xiàng)“不同的”正確。A項(xiàng)“一樣的”和D項(xiàng)“不常被討論的”表述與原文相反；C項(xiàng)“更受歡迎的”為干擾項(xiàng)，文中指出禁忌是人們不能接受的行為，所以不可能會(huì)受到歡迎。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

69.推理判斷題。題干意思是“在美國，瘦是‘in’，胖是‘out’，這句話的意思是……”。根據(jù)第三段第五句Intheworkworld,mostcompaniespreferyouthful-looking,trimexecutivestoselltheirimageaswellastheirproductstothepublic.（在工作中，大多數(shù)公司更喜歡年輕、苗條的主管來向公眾推銷自己的形象和產(chǎn)品）和最后一句Inanimage-conscioussocietyliketheU.S.,thinis“in”,fatis“out”.（在像美國這樣注重形象的社會(huì)里，瘦是“in”，胖是“out”）可知，在注重形象的美國社會(huì)，瘦的人才可以向大眾推銷形象和產(chǎn)品，那么可以推斷瘦在美國代表時(shí)髦，而胖則是過時(shí)，所以D項(xiàng)“瘦是‘時(shí)尚’，胖是‘不時(shí)尚’”正確。A項(xiàng)“瘦是‘內(nèi)’，胖是‘外’”不符合原文意思；B項(xiàng)“瘦是‘勤奮’，胖是‘懶惰’”文中沒有提到瘦是勤奮；C項(xiàng)“瘦是‘年輕’，胖是‘無精打采’”為干擾項(xiàng)，第三段雖然提到Thethinlookisassociatedwithyouth,vigor,andsuccess.Thefatperson,ontheotherhand,isthoughtofaslazyandlackinginenergy,self-discipline,andself-respect.（瘦削的外表與年輕、活力和成功聯(lián)系在一起。另一方面，胖人被認(rèn)為懶惰、缺乏活力、自律和自尊。），但是C項(xiàng)表述比較片面。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

70.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“除了對(duì)健康和鍛煉之間的關(guān)系有了新的理解，這篇文章給出的為什么這么多美國人經(jīng)常鍛煉的主要原因是……”。在文章最后兩句提到Asaresultofinactivityanddisuse,people’sbodiescaneasilybecomeweakandvulnerabletodisease.Inanefforttoavoidsuchafate,millionsofAmericansarespendingmoreoftheirtimeexercising.（由于不活動(dòng)，人們的身體很容易變得虛弱和容易得病。為了避免這樣的命運(yùn)，數(shù)百萬美國人把更多的時(shí)間花在鍛煉上。），由此可知，美國人花時(shí)間鍛煉的原因是為了保持健康，即他們認(rèn)識(shí)到鍛煉的重要性，所以C項(xiàng)“他們對(duì)鍛煉重要性的認(rèn)識(shí)”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“他們生活方式的改變”是現(xiàn)代機(jī)器取代體力勞動(dòng)的結(jié)果；B項(xiàng)“他們對(duì)保持苗條和青春的渴望”是美國人想要變瘦的原因，因?yàn)槭荽碇鴷r(shí)髦；D項(xiàng)“他們從公司得到的鼓勵(lì)”最后一段沒有提到。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

21.翻譯題

TheUKhaslongprideditselfonitsroadsafetystandards.Casualtyfiguresarelowcomparedwithmostotherindustrializedcountries.Butthispositiverecord,coupledwiththefactthattheinternationaltrendcontinuesdownwards,isalsowhythefirstincreaseinroaddeathsforalmostadecadeshouldbeacauseforconcern.

Abreakdownofthe2010—11figuresshowswherethatconcerncouldmostusefullybedirected.Deathsamongdriversandpassengerswereup6percent,withruralroadsaccountingformoreoftherisethanurbanareas,andadisproportionatenumberoffatalaccidentsinvolvingdriversunder24.

Therelativelyhighaccidentrateonruralroadshasbroughtcallsforanewspeedlimitincountryareasof40mph.Thatisworthconsidering.Therearemanyroadswherethelackofalimitimplicitlyallowsdriverstotravelat60mph,evenwheretheconditionsshoulddictateotherwise.Argumentsabouttheexpenseofnewsignscouldbemetbytheintroductionofablanketlimitonminorroads.Enforcementwould,ofcourse,bedifficult.Butthesettingofanewnormwouldattheveryleastalertdriverstothedangersandfostergreatercaution.

Thenumberoffatalaccidentsinvolvingyoungerdrivers—itshouldreallybenosurprisethatroadaccidentsarethemaincauseofdeathamongyoungadults—shouldraisequestionsonceagainabouttherigorofthedrivingtest.Considerationmightalsobegiventowhether,perhaps,thelegaldrivingageshouldberaised.Thedownside,however,wouldalsohavetobeweighed.42.Agemaybelessofafactorinaccidentsthaninexperience,andanyriseintheageatwhichsomeonemayobtainalicensecouldpenalizethoselivinginareaswithpoorpublictransportandencouragemoreteenagerstodriveillegally.

Themoststartlingaspectofthesestatistics,though,isthe12percentriseindeathsamongpedestrians.Manyreasonscouldbeadvanced,notallofthemrelatedtoworsebehavioronthepartofdrivers.Atleastsomeoftheincreasecouldbeattributabletotechnology,andthedistractionsofmobile