(新高考)高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)課時(shí)作業(yè)選擇性必修四 Unit 4 Sharing (含解析)

PAGEUNIT4SharingA組·基礎(chǔ)鞏固Ⅰ.語法填空BeforeIndiagaineditsfreedom,manywesternerswereextremelyshockedbyitspovertyandsotheycametoservehere.Aspecialgirl1.________(call)AgnesGoxaBojaxiuwasamongthem,whoistodayknown2.________MotherTeresa.AgneswasbornonAugust27,1910andwasjust19yearsold3.________shecametoCalcuttaonJanuary6,1929.Andsheneverleftthiscountry.Heraiminlifewas4.________(serve)thesickandthepoorandshededicatedherfulllifetothispurpose.Shewouldwalkaroundthe5.________(danger)darkanddirtystreetsofCalcuttaatnight,6.________offerfoodtothesickandsheltertothepoor.WhenshefirstarrivedinCalcutta,shehadlittlemoneyonherandwashelpedbyapriest.Throughhereffortsshemanagedtoopenseveralinstitutionstohelpthementallyand7.________(physical)challengedchildren.Shehadathousandinstitutions8.________(work)underher.MotherTeresa9.________(award)theNobelPeacePrizein1979andtheBharatRatnain1980.Besidesthese,shealsoreceivedtheJawaharlalNehruAwardforInternationalPeace(1972)，theTempletonFoundationAward(1973)．Despiteallthepublicpraise,nationalandinternational10.________(honour),MotherTeresaremainedhumble,kindandgeneroustilltheend.ShepassedawayinSeptember1997.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了印度著名的慈善家、諾貝爾和平獎獲得者M(jìn)otherTeresa的事跡。1.called考查非謂語動詞。分析句子成分可知，call在句中作定語，與被修飾詞girl之間是被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞形式。2.as考查固定搭配。beknownas為固定搭配，意為“被稱作……，被叫作……”。3.when考查狀語從句。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”，且謂語動詞是非延續(xù)性動詞，故填when。4.toserve考查非謂語動詞。aim,purpose,dream,wish,hope等名詞作主語時(shí)，常用不定式作表語。5.dangerous考查形容詞。所填詞和后面的dark及dirty并列，修飾名詞streets，故用形容詞形式。6.and考查并列連詞。分析句子成分可知，walk和offer是并列謂語，表并列關(guān)系，故填and。7.physically考查副詞。分析句子成分可知，所填詞和前面的mentally一起修飾后面的形容詞challenged，故用副詞形式。8.working考查非謂語動詞。分析句子成分可知，work在句中作定語，與被修飾詞institutions之間是主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。9.wasawarded考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語“in1979”可知，要用一般過去時(shí)；另外，award和主語MotherTeresa之間是被動關(guān)系，故用一般過去時(shí)的被動語態(tài)。10.honours考查名詞。honour是可數(shù)名詞，此處表泛指，故用復(fù)數(shù)形式。BFormanytimesinthepastyearsIwenttothehospitalforsomeminor1.________(treat)duringmytravelinothercities.Itwasthe2.________(sad)momentofmylife,Ithink,becausenobodywouldcometothehospitaltovisitme.However,otherpatientshadfamily3.________friendstovisitthemduringthevisitinghours.Ifeltreallylonely.Howis4.________possiblethatoutofawholeworldfullofpeople,nobodywouldcometovisitmeforjustanhour?Withabitofmedication(藥物治療),Iwasbackinthestreamoflifeagain.ButI5.________(leave)withadeepthoughtforallthepeopleandtheelderly.Who6.________(know)howmanyothersthatlieinthehospitalwithnobody7.________(visit)themorgiveakindwordofcomfort?Ihadthiswonderfulideaofforming8.________organisationincitiesaroundtheworld，gettingtohospitalstovisitthepatients9.________nevergetavisitandsomeonelocalcoulddropinwithasmileandakindword.Wouldn'titbeniceand10.________(relative)easytodo?【語篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者在旅行住院期間，沒有一個(gè)家人和朋友探望。因此作者決定在全世界的城市成立一個(gè)組織，專門探望那些生病住院卻沒人來探望、安慰的病人，給他們送去溫暖。1.treatments考查名詞。本空前面的minor是一個(gè)形容詞，應(yīng)填入一個(gè)名詞。此外，根據(jù)空前的some可知，所填的名詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。2.saddest考查形容詞的最高級。根據(jù)前面的定冠詞the可知，此處要用最高級形式。3.or考查并列連詞。所填詞在句中連接兩個(gè)并列的成分family和friends，兩者之間是選擇關(guān)系，故填or。4.it考查代詞。分析句子成分可知，所填詞作形式主語，真正的主語是后面的that從句，故填it。5.wasleft考查動詞時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。beleftwithathought為固定搭配，意為“使產(chǎn)生……的想法”。6.knows考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)后面從句的謂語動詞的時(shí)態(tài)可知，要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；再結(jié)合句子的主語Who可知，謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。7.tovisit考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句含有一個(gè)with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)?？仗幾髻e語補(bǔ)足語，表示主動和將來，故用不定式形式。8.an考查冠詞。organisation是可數(shù)名詞，此處表泛指，又因?yàn)閛rganisation以元音音素開頭，故填不定冠詞an。9.who考查定語從句。分析句子成分可知，空格后是一個(gè)定語從句，修飾先行詞patients，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，故填who。10.relatively考查副詞。修飾后面的形容詞easy要用副詞形式，故填relatively。Ⅱ.根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全句子1.老師從他身邊經(jīng)過時(shí)，他正在看小說。(bedoing...when...)He_was_reading_a_novel_whentheteacherpassedbyhim.2.王芳不但喜歡音樂，而且還喜歡體育運(yùn)動。(notonly...butalso...)Not_only_does_Wang_Fang_like_music,_butsheisalsofondofsports.3.既然你已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好了，我們馬上開始。(nowthat)Now_that_you_are_ready,we'llstartatonce.4.和這些專家合作是一種殊榮。(It'saprivilegetodosth.)It's_a_privilege_to_team_upwiththeseexperts.5.這是一個(gè)值得認(rèn)真思考的問題。(deserve)Thisisaproblemthatdeserves_to_be_considered/considering_seriously.B組·能力提升Ⅰ.閱讀理解AIhavebeenteachingEnglishinelementaryschoolfortenyears.Needlesstosay,Ilovemyjobanddeterminetoimpart(傳授)myloveofliteraturetomyfuturestudentsoneday.Well,Imustadmit,Ihavemademorethanadifference.Ihavechangedthewaystudentsperceive(感知)literatureandhaveeveninspiredsometobecomeEnglishteachers.OnestudentinparticularisnamedJack.ImethimlastyearwhenhewasastudentinmyEnglishclassduringthesixthperiod.Hesatinthebackoften,sayingverylittle.However,IsensedthathewastakinginallthatItaught.Jackwasneverabsentnorwashelateforclass.Heseemedverymatureforhisyoungage.Astheyearpassedby,wereadlotsofpoetryandvariousstoriesaboutdifferentculturesandreal-lifeexperiences.Ihavealwayswantedliteraturetospeaktomystudentssothattheycouldfindrelevantconnectionswhichwouldfinallygivethemthatmotivationtoread,writeandinterpret.Whilereadingandwritingpoetry,JackwrotesomebeautifulpoetrythatspokeofhisexperiencesasablackmaleinAmerica.Onthelastdayofschool,studentswereaskedtowriteabriefautobiographicalessayandtodedicate(獻(xiàn)給)ittosomeoneheorshethoughtwassignificantinhisorherlife.Jackdedicatedhisessaytomeandusedclipartthatdecoratedthededicationwithroses.Hewroteintheessaythat“Somepeopleyoumeetinlifeareflowers,butalsotherearethosewhoareroses.MsHopkins,IjustwantyoutoknowthatyouarearoseinmylifeandIhaveenjoyedeveryminuteofbeinginyourclass.YouhaveshownmethatIhavepurposeinlifeandthatIamapoet.Iwillneverforgetyou.”Tearsstreameddownmyeyes.Ihadhadaparticularlyhardpersonallifethatyearandsomehowthatlettermadeitworththestruggle.Makingagreatcontributiontosomeone'slifeissomethingmoneycouldneverbuy.Teachingallowsteacherstomakeapositivedifferenceinthelifeofsomeone.1.What'stheauthor'spurposetotakeJackforexample?A.Toshowthatherstudentswereallexcellentreaders.B.TodevelopherownideaaboutEnglishliterature.C.Toprovewhatshehadjustsaidwastrue.D.Topersuadeherreaderstochangetheirminds.2.WhydidJackchoosetodedicatehisautobiographicalessaytoMsHopkins?A.Hethoughtshewassignificantinhislife.B.Hewantedtosaytoherthatshewasaredrose.C.Heexpectedhertoknowhehadenjoyedherclass.D.Herememberedshehadpromisedtolethimbeapoet.3.Whatkindofpersonwastheauthoraccordingtothetext?A.Gentle. B.Passionate.C.Humorous. D.Indifferent.4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthistext?A.TheDifferenceaGoodTeacherCanMakeB.TheFriendshipMsHopkinsandJackDevelopedC.AnExperienceOnlyMsHopkinsandHerStudentsCouldHaveD.TheSignificantContributionEveryoneCanMake【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。作者是一位英語老師，她的教學(xué)對學(xué)生產(chǎn)生了積極的影響。1.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Ihavechangedthewaystudentsperceive(感知)literatureandhaveeveninspiredsometobecomeEnglishteachers.”和第二段可推知，作者把杰克當(dāng)作例子是為了證明她剛才所說的是真的，故答案為C。2.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“MsHopkins,IjustwantyoutoknowthatyouarearoseinmylifeandIhaveenjoyedeveryminuteofbeinginyourclass.YouhaveshownmethatIhavepurposeinlifeandthatIamapoet.Iwillneverforgetyou.”可知，杰克選擇把他的自傳性文章獻(xiàn)給霍普金斯女士，是因?yàn)樗J(rèn)為她在他的人生中很重要，故選A。3.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后兩句“Tearsstreameddownmyeyes.Ihadhadaparticularlyhardpersonallifethatyearandsomehowthatlettermadeitworththestruggle.”可推知，作者是充滿激情的，故選B。4.A標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)文章最后一句“Teachingallowsteacherstomakeapositivedifferenceinthelifeofsomeone.”可知，教學(xué)可以讓老師對學(xué)生產(chǎn)生積極的影響，故A項(xiàng)正確。Ⅱ.七選五HowManyCupsofCoffeeperDayAreTooMany?Fromcappuccinostocoldbrew,coffeeisamust-havetostartthedayformanypeople.1However,anewstudysuggeststoomuchcoffeecanbeharmful.Thisiswhatarecentstudyshows.2AUniversityofSouthAustraliastudyledbyElianHypponensuggestsacoupleofcupstostartyourdayprobablywon'thurt—andmayevenbegoodforyou.Butdrinkingsixormorecupsofcoffeeadaycanincreaseyourriskofheartdiseasebyupto22%,theresearchersfound.Acupwasdefinedaseightouncesofcoffee.Knowingthelimitsofwhat'sgoodforusandwhat'snotisnecessary.3AboutoneinfourdeathsintheUnitedStatesisduetoheartdisease,accordingtotheUSCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention.Heartdiseaseistheleadingcauseofdeathworldwide.That'swhyEliansetouttodiscoverhowmuchcaffeinecauseshighbloodpressure.4Eliansaysherfindingssuggestthatsippingtwotothreecupsperdayisprettysafeandpossiblybeneficial.Shealsonotesthatifyou'regenerallyhealthy,lotsofevidencesuggeststhatfourcupsperdayshouldn'tbeharmful.5Eventhoughtheresearchsaysfivecupsofcoffeeispermissible,eachpersonshouldknowhisorherownlimit.Ifyoubeginhavingdifficultysleepingorfeelingnervous,youmighthavereachedyourlimitfortheday.A.Drinknomorethansixcupsperday.B.Overthelimits,ourhealthwillpayforit.C.Coffeeisthemostpopulardrinkintheworld.D.Butofcourse,don'tforgettolistentoourbodies.E.Therelationbetweenthemisquitecomplicated.F.Asweknow,itisakeyheartdiseaseriskfactor.G.Itsetsyouoffonanenergeticmorningandpreparesyouforabusyday.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹的是一天喝咖啡不要超過六杯，否則會影響身體健康。1.G根據(jù)上文中的“coffeeisamust-havetostartthedayformanypeople”可知，咖啡對很多人來說是一天的開始，接著就該解釋為什么喝咖啡是一天的開始，因?yàn)榭Х茸屇阍诔錆M活力的早晨精神煥發(fā)，為忙碌的一天做好準(zhǔn)備。故選G。2.A根據(jù)下文中的“Butdrinkingsixormorecupsofcoffeeadaycanincreaseyourriskofheartdiseasebyupto22%,theresearchersfound.”可知，一天喝六杯或更多咖啡會增加心臟病的發(fā)病率，所以空白處的內(nèi)容應(yīng)是一天要少于六杯咖啡。故選A。3.B根據(jù)下文中的“AboutoneinfourdeathsintheUnitedStatesisduetoheartdisease,accordingtotheUSCentresforDiseaseControlandPrevention.”可知，美國四分之一的死亡是心臟病所致?？瞻滋幰堰@兩個(gè)意思連起來，應(yīng)是超過限制就會付出健康的代價(jià)。故選B。4.F根據(jù)上文中的“Heartdiseaseistheleadingcauseofdeathworldwide.That'swhyEliansetouttodiscoverhowmuchcaffeinecauseshighbloodpressure.”可知，在全球，心臟病是造成死亡的主要原因。這也是Elian著手研究多少咖啡因會造成高血壓的原因?？Х纫蚝退劳龅穆?lián)系是咖啡因是心臟病的誘發(fā)因素。故選F。5.D根據(jù)下文中的“Eventhoughtheresearchsaysfivecupsofcoffeeispermissible,eachpersonshouldknowhisorherownlimit.”可知，即使研究者說五杯咖啡是允許的，但每個(gè)人應(yīng)該知道自己的極限。因此，要聽從自己身體的聲音。故選D。Ⅲ.完形填空Therearetimeswhenwefeelasifourbadcircumstanceswillneverchange.Whenwemeettroublesorproblemsinourlives,weare1forasignthattellsuseverythingwillbe2andgetbetter.Wheninthismindset(心態(tài)),Ithinkbacktoa3IonceheardaboutafamilyhavingdinnerataChineserestaurant.Attheendofthemeal,everyone4thefortunecookieandreadtheirmessagesoutloud.5，theyoungestchilddidnot;shewenttogetanotherfortunecookie.This6severaltimesbeforethemumstoppedherandasked,“Whatareyoudoing？”Thelittlechildresponded,“Iamlookingforacookiewiththe7fortuneforme.”Themumsaid,“Thereisonlyonethingyouneedto8andit'snotinafortunecookie.Thatiswherethereisawillthere'saway.”When9arenotgoingourway，wemay10therightfortune.Weseekthehopeforour11sothatitwillbebetterthanthepresent.OncetheIsraeliswereexpelled(驅(qū)逐)inaforeigncountryagainsttheirwill.Atthattime,everythingwas12forthem,buttheydidn'tlosehope;instead,they13totheirnewenvironmentpositively.Yearslatertheyreturnedtotheirhomelandastheyhad14.Inlifeweneedtotakeactionandhopeandbelievethatnothingisimpossibletoawillingmind.Itdoes15thatgoodthingsdocomeoutofbadanddifficultsituations.1.A.ready B.gratefulC.responsible D.desperate2.A.settled B.hiddenC.defeated D.gone3.A.message B.storyC.problem D.case4.A.ate B.tastedC.touched D.opened5.A.Anyhow B.HoweverC.Otherwise D.Therefore6.A.changed B.ranC.happened D.showed7.A.good B.badC.wrong D.right8.A.doubt B.guessC.know D.hope9.A.memories B.thingsC.questions D.chances10.A.searchfor B.makeupC.takeout D.wrestlewith11.A.family B.workC.business D.future12.A.easy B.difficultC.common D.special13.A.adjusted B.turnedC.stuck D.agreed14.A.left B.expectedC.talked D.remembered15.A.prove B.tellC.consider D.understand【語篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章通過講述一個(gè)家庭在中國餐館吃飯的故事告訴我們“有志者事竟成”的道理。1.D根據(jù)上文中的“Whenwemeettroublesorproblemsinourlives”可知，生活中遇到麻煩或問題時(shí)，我們渴望有一個(gè)跡象告訴我們一切問題都會解決并變得更好。bedesperatefor意為“非?？释?；極需要的”，為固定表達(dá)，符合題意。故選D。2.A根據(jù)上文中的“Whenwemeettroublesorproblemsinourlives”可知，遇到的是麻煩或問題，所以要“解決麻煩或問題”。故選A。3.B根據(jù)下文中的“IonceheardaboutafamilyhavingdinnerataChineserestaurant.”可知，作者應(yīng)是想到了一個(gè)聽說過的故事。故選B。4.D根據(jù)空后的“fortunecookie”可知，應(yīng)是中餐館給客人的包有預(yù)測未來運(yùn)氣小紙條的幸運(yùn)餅干，因此打開之后才能看到其中的小紙條上的內(nèi)容。故選D。5.B根據(jù)上文中的“Attheendofthemeal,everyone4thefortunecookieandreadtheirmessagesoutloud.”可知，每個(gè)人都讀了自己的小紙條，空后的“theyoungestchilddidnot”提及最小的孩子沒有讀，因此，前后句應(yīng)是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選B。6.C根據(jù)語境可知，“this”應(yīng)指上文提及的“togetanotherfortunecookie”這件事，且結(jié)合下文中的“severaltimesbeforethemumstoppedherandasked,‘Whatareyoudoing？’”可知，此處表示這個(gè)動作發(fā)生了不止一次才引起了媽媽的注意和詢問。故選C。7.D根據(jù)下文中的“When9arenotgoingourway,wemay10therightfortune.”可知，本句中應(yīng)是“rightfortune”。故選D。8.C根據(jù)下文中的“Thatiswherethereisawillthere'saway.”可知，這是媽媽希望這個(gè)小孩子能夠懂得的道理。故選C。9.B結(jié)合文章主旨可知，此處表達(dá)當(dāng)事情不是按照自己的預(yù)想方式發(fā)展時(shí)，且對應(yīng)上文“everythingwillbe2andgetbetter”提及的everything。故選B。10.A根據(jù)上文中的“Iamlookingforacookiewiththe7fortuneforme.”可知，應(yīng)是“尋找(searchfor)”好運(yùn)氣。故選A。11.D根據(jù)下文中的“sothatitwillbebetterthanthepresent”可知，此處應(yīng)是表達(dá)尋求未來的希望。故選D。12.B根據(jù)上文中的“OncetheIsraeliswereexpelled(驅(qū)逐)inaforeigncountryagainsttheirwill.”可知，他們被驅(qū)逐，因此日子不好過。故選B。13.A根據(jù)上文中的“theydidn'tlosehope”可知，他們雖然被驅(qū)逐，但是沒有放棄希望，由此可推知，他們在新環(huán)境中積極調(diào)整自己。adjustto意為“調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)”，為固定短語。故選A。14.Bassb.hadexpected為固定表達(dá)，意為“正如某人所期望的那樣”。故選B。15.A“Itprovesthat＋從句”為固定句式，意為“它證明了……”。故選A。Ⅳ.語法填空(2021·全國重點(diǎn)中學(xué)模擬)WhenIbeganmycareer,Istartedworkat7a．m.andfinishedalreadyat3p．m.,whichenabledme1.________(lead)ahealthylifestyle.Basedontheph