高考語(yǔ)法填空每日練習(xí)1-4

語(yǔ)法填空考點(diǎn)知識(shí)梳理題型解讀一篇200字左右的短文中留出10個(gè)空白，要求學(xué)生根據(jù)上下文情境，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容或所提供單詞的正確形式。語(yǔ)法填空題考查學(xué)生在篇章層面上理解并應(yīng)用語(yǔ)法知識(shí)的能力。該題型要求學(xué)生必須具備較好的語(yǔ)法分析能力，而不只是語(yǔ)法辨析能力，其著重點(diǎn)是學(xué)生的語(yǔ)法基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)和應(yīng)用能力。學(xué)生必須既考慮句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語(yǔ)法性，又顧及上下文的連貫。命題特點(diǎn)考查內(nèi)容：有給提示詞和不給提示詞兩種形式。給出提示詞的考查點(diǎn)包括：詞形的轉(zhuǎn)換，如名詞與動(dòng)詞的轉(zhuǎn)換、形容詞與副詞的轉(zhuǎn)換、名詞與形容詞的轉(zhuǎn)換、動(dòng)詞與形容詞的轉(zhuǎn)換；形容詞或副詞比較級(jí)與最高級(jí)的變化；名詞單復(fù)數(shù)的變化；動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)以及詞形的變化。不給出提示詞的考查點(diǎn)包括：根據(jù)上下文的語(yǔ)境填入冠詞、代詞、連詞、介詞、副詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、特殊疑問詞、關(guān)系詞等。特點(diǎn)：給出提示詞的空較多(4~7個(gè))；考查詞形變化的空偏多，并且未給出提示詞的空有填實(shí)詞的情況；每空所填不超過3個(gè)單詞。文章的首句和末句一般不留空格，至少第一句話是完整的，這樣學(xué)生可以大體了解文章內(nèi)容，把握作者的寫作風(fēng)格。文章中的人名、地名等專有名詞，以及日期、數(shù)字等是不作為考點(diǎn)的，因?yàn)檫@類信息如果只在文章中出現(xiàn)一次，學(xué)生是無(wú)法根據(jù)語(yǔ)言線索或其他線索填出的。語(yǔ)法填空不以學(xué)生常犯的語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤作為干擾項(xiàng)，因?yàn)樵擃}型主要測(cè)試學(xué)生的語(yǔ)篇應(yīng)用能力，而將“偏”“難”“怪”的語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象編成干擾項(xiàng)與文章理解沒有直接關(guān)系，偏離了測(cè)試目標(biāo)?！菊Z(yǔ)法特點(diǎn)】實(shí)詞以考查動(dòng)詞、代詞、形容詞、副詞為主，其中動(dòng)詞又是重中之重；虛詞以考查介詞、冠詞、連詞為主。而句法方面主要考查復(fù)合句的引導(dǎo)詞，如定語(yǔ)從句、名詞性從句、狀語(yǔ)從句。練習(xí)1MaggieEplingwaslookingforachancetodosomethinggoodduringhersummerbreakfromcollege.Shewantedtofindanactivity1combinedherinterestsandshe2(find)theperfectopportunityatalocalanimalshelter."Ithoughtabout3(volunteer)andI'vealwayslovedanimalsandphotography,"shetoldNPR.Forthepasttwoweeks,Epling4(take)portraitsofcatsanddogsatthePikeCountyAnimalShelterinPike,Kentucky.Theideacame5herafterreadingarticlessayingthatanimalswithgoodphotosaremorelikelytogetadopted6thosewithout."SoIjustcalledtheshelterandaskedifIcouldcomeinandtheyseemedreallygratefuland7(appreciate),"saidEpling,8isastudentattheUniversityofKentucky.Afterhearingfromothervolunteersthatblackcatsanddogsstruggletoget9(adopt),shehasbeenespeciallydedicatedtomakingsurethatthoseanimalsgetgreatpictures."Theythinkpartofitissuperstitionaboutblackcats10particular,butitkindofcarriesovertoblackdogs,"shesaid.練習(xí)2Thephenomenoninwhichprospectivepetadoptersshundarkcoateddogs1(call)blackdogsyndrome;forfelines,it'sblackcatsyndrome.Butitis2(clear)howmuchtheissueactuallyaffectspetadoptions.A2002studypublishedintheJournalofAppliedAnimalWelfareSciencefoundthatblackfur3(negative)influencedadoptionratesforbothdogsandcats.Accordingtothereport,"Blackdogshadtheleastlikelihoodofbeingadoptedcompared4thereferencecoatcolorofblackandtan."Anddogsofallothercolors,suchasred,merle,andtricolordogs,"5(prefer)onlyslightlyoverblackandtan."Meanwhile,a2013studythatexaminedhowlongdogsremainedintwoNewYorksheltersconcludedthatapet'scoatcolorhadnoeffect6theirlengthofstay.ItalsonotedthatBlackdogsyndromemaybelimitedtocertainpartsoftheworld7culturaltraditionsattachmeaningtothecolorofananimal.AsofTuesday,Eplingsaidatleastoneofherglamourdogs8(adopt).Winona,asmallbeagle,foundaforeverhomelastweek.Inthatcase,thepersoncameinandsaid,"Wewanttoadoptthisdog9wesawthephotoonFacebook,"Eplingsaid."AndwhenIcameintodaypeopleatthesheltertoldmethatIhadnoideahowmanypeople10(come)inandbraggedaboutmyphotosandtalkedabouthowthephotosmadethemwanttocometotheshelter,"sheaddedproudly.練習(xí)3Alotofdogownerswoulddojustaboutanythingfortheirpet,expectingonlycuddlesandgoofylooks1return.Butearlierthisweek,adognearlygaveherlifetosaveherownerfromararemountainlionattackonahikingtrailinremoteNorthernCalifornia.ErinWilson,24,awaitress,hadjusthoppedoutofhertruckataroadsidepicnicareaand2(head)downatrailtotheTrinityRiver,3sheheardsomethinginthebushes."I'mjustwalkingdowntheslopeandthedog4(run)aheadofme.AndIturnaroundandthere'sthiscatjustgrowlingatmeandit5(reach)upanditswipesatme,"shesaid."Atfirst,Iwasjustlike,Wait,what?AndIthinkIscreamedandIshoutedforEvaandshe6(run)."EvaisWilson's21/2-year-oldBelgianMalinois.Thebreedishighly7(intelligence)andagile.Thedogsarebredforself-defenseandoftenusedaspolicedogs.Iftheydon'thaveworkandspacetoroam,theygetneurotic.Wilsondescribesthebreed8"aGermanshepherdonsteroidsorcrackorcocaine.They'rejustdrivendogs,alittlecrazy.Iftheydon'thavesomethingtodothey9(destroy)theirenvironment,"bychewingordigging.Butinthatdesperatemomentattheriversidepicnicarea,Eva'scanineinstinctskickedin.Shecamerunningtoprotectamemberofherpack10hadjustbeenscratchedbyawildanimal,andtackledthecougar.練習(xí)4EvacamehomeThursdaynighttoanewdoggiebedandnewstuffedanimals,1Wilsonsaysshe'llprobablyripapartassoonasherjawishealed.ThechefatWilson'srestaurant2(save)aprimecutofbeefforwhenEvaisreadytoenjoyit."I'mkindofblaming3(my)abitaboutallthis.Becauseofher,I'm4(harm)andbecauseofme,shehastwofracturesinherskullandshemightbeblind,"Wilsonsaid,5(explain)thatshe'sstillgrapplingwith6mighthavehappenedtoherbelovedcompanion,ananimal7hadherownInstagramaccount,8beforeherheroicact."IknewEvawascapableofbeingfierceandprotective.Ijustdidn'teverthinkthatshewouldhavetoanswerthecalllikethat.Justreallyhugyourdogs,people.Hugyourpets,hugyourfamily."FishandWildlifestaffswabbedWilsonandEva'swoundsforsalivasamples,9confirmedthatitwasamounta