考研考博-英語-華北理工大學(xué)冀唐學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-華北理工大學(xué)冀唐學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Didyouknowthatyoucouldbestingonafortunewithoutevenrealizingit?Ifyou’relikemostpeople,youhavenoideathatyouprobablyhaveitemsofvalueputawaythatcouldputdollarsinyourpocket.

That’sexactlywhyTonyHyman,Ed.D.,oneofAmerican’stoptenauthoritiesoncollectibles(收藏品)andthehostofthe#1radioantiquesandcollectiblescall-inQ&Ashow,wrotehisbookTrashorTreasure.“Thisbookhasonlyonepurpose:tomakemoneyforitsreaders,”saysHyman,whohasauthored11otherbooksonsellingcollectibles,andhasappearedoneverymajorTVtalkshow.

“TrashorTreasurecanmakeyourich,”saysAnitaGold,oneofthecountry’sforemostcolumnistsoncollectibles.“It’sbetterthanbuyingalotteryticket—youcan’tlosewiththisbook.”

ElsieGordon,fromFlorida,made$250bygoingthroughthetrashafterherhusbandhadcleanedoutthegarage.Sheoriginallythoughtthattheoldcarpartsandoilymanualsshe’drescuedmightbeworth$10.

There’sonlyonewaytoknowyouifwhatyouhaveistrashortreasure.Youhavetoaskaqualifiedexpert.That’swhyDr.Hyman’sbookisinvaluable:Itleadsyoustraightto1,200specialtybuyerswhoareactivelylookingforyourdust-gatherers.

TrashorTreasure,whichhassoldnearly250,000copies,istheonlybookofitskind.Foritnotonlytellsyouwhatyouhavethatcouldbeofvalue,ittellsyouwhotosellitto,wherethey’relocated,andhowtohandlethetransaction.AllyouhavetodoisfilloutSell-A-Gramincludedwiththebook.

TrashorTreasuregivesyoualltheinformationyouneedtotradeinyourtrashforcash.Let’sfaceit.Youcan’taffordtopassupthatopportunity.

1.Whatdoes“authored”(Par.2,lastsentence)mean?

2.FromwhatAntaGoldsaidwecaninferthat________.

3.Whatdoes“dust-gatherers”(Par.5,lastsentence)mean?

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTincludedinthebook?

5.Thistextislikelytobe________.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Beenanauthorityon.

B.Authorized.

C.Givenuptherightto.

D.Written.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.youmaylosealotteryticketbutyouwon’tlosethisbook

B.youmayspendmoneyandgetnothingbackwhenyoubuyalotterytickerbutyoucanalwaysgetsomethingbackwhenyoubuythisbook

C.youmaybelateforgettingmoneyfromalotteryticketbutyoucan’twhenyoubuythisbook

D.youmaynotdoaswellasotherswhenyoubuyalotteryticketbutyouwillbeasgoodasanybodyelsewhenyoubuythisbook

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thingsonwhichdustgathers.

B.Peoplehiredtohelpclearawaythetrash.

C.Peopleemployedtoemptythedustbin.

D.Thingsonecollectswhengatheringuptrash.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Wherethespecialtybuyersarelocated.

B.Whatmightbeofvalue.

C.Whenthespecialtybuyershandletransaction.

D.Whowouldbuyvaluablecollectibles.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.aprefacetoabook

B.abookreview

C.adviceprovidedbythesocialservices

D.anadvertisement

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.語義推測題。authored意思為“寫作；編寫”。根據(jù)第二段最后一句whohasauthored11otherbooksonsellingcollectibles（寫了另外11本關(guān)于出售收藏品的書），這里authored搭配books，D選項(xiàng)“寫”比較符合語境，也和authored詞義相近。A選項(xiàng)“是某方面的權(quán)威”，B選項(xiàng)“批準(zhǔn)，授權(quán)”和C選項(xiàng)“放棄權(quán)利”不符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“TrashorTreasurecanmakeyourich,”…“It’sbetterthanbuyingalotteryticket—youcan’tlosewiththisbook.”（“《垃圾還是寶藏》可以讓你變得富有，”……“這比買彩票好——你不會因?yàn)閾碛羞@本書而失去什么。”），文章寫的是賣廢品為財(cái)富，運(yùn)用這本書的內(nèi)容會讓人增加財(cái)富，更不會因?yàn)檫@本書失去什么，所以B選項(xiàng)“你可能花了很多錢買彩票，卻什么也得不到，但是如果你買這本書，總會得到些什么”正確。A選項(xiàng)“你可能會失去一張彩票，但不會失去這本書”，C選項(xiàng)“可能買彩票你來晚了，但是買這本書不會晚”和D選項(xiàng)“如果你買彩票，可能不會像他人一樣優(yōu)秀，但是如果你買這本書，就會和其他人一樣優(yōu)秀”不符合文章內(nèi)容。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

3.語義推測題。根據(jù)第五段最后一句That’swhyDr.Hyman’sbookisinvaluable:Itleadsyoustraightto1,200specialtybuyerswhoareactivelylookingforyourdust-gatherers.（這就是為什么海曼博士的書是無價(jià)的：它直接把你帶到1200個(gè)專業(yè)買家面前，而他們正在積極地尋找你的灰塵收集器。），這些專家專門收購垃圾，所以D選項(xiàng)“收集垃圾的東西”符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“積灰塵的東西”，B選項(xiàng)“受雇幫助清理垃圾的人”和C選項(xiàng)“被雇傭來清空垃圾箱的人”不符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

4.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第六段第二句Foritnotonlytellsyouwhatyouhavethatcouldbeofvalue,ittellsyouwhotosellitto,wherethey’relocated,andhowtohandlethetransaction.（因?yàn)樗粌H告訴你你擁有什么可能有價(jià)值的東西，還告訴你把它賣給誰，他們在哪里，以及如何處理交易。），可知這本書的內(nèi)容有A選項(xiàng)“專業(yè)買家的所在地”，B選項(xiàng)“可能有價(jià)值的東西”和D選項(xiàng)“誰會買有價(jià)值的收藏品”，C選項(xiàng)“專業(yè)買家什么時(shí)候處理交易”不包含在內(nèi)。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.主旨大意題。這篇文章介紹了TrashorTreasure這本書，也介紹了這本書的作者和內(nèi)容，而沒有對這本書的評價(jià)，所以A選項(xiàng)“書的序言”正確。B選項(xiàng)“書評”、C選項(xiàng)“社會服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)給的意見”和D選項(xiàng)“廣告”不符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Englandbecameunifiedlateinthe15thcentury.OnBosworthField,in1485,HenryTudorputanendtothecivilstrifeoftheWarsoftheRosesandcrownedhimselfHenryVII.Forcefullybringingrecalcitrantnoblestoheel,hestrengthenedhisauthority.Forthefirsttimeinnearlyacentury,thecountryhadstabilityingovernmentandaconsiderabledegreeofpeaceandprosperity.Henry,therefore,coulddevotehisattentiontothepromotionofcommerce.HeencouragedEnglishmerchantstoenterforeigntrade,supportedtheformationoftradingcompanies,andrestrictedtheactivitiesoftheforeignmerchantsinLondonandBristol,whohadmonopolizedtrade.ColumbusevensenthisbrothertoEnglandwhenhefailedtoobtainsupportfromthePortugueseorSpanishKingsforhisproposalthatCathaycouldbereachedbysailingwestacrosstheAtlantic.HenryVIIagreedtofinancethevoyageandurgedColumbustocomeatoncetoEngland.But,beforethelatterleftSpain,theSpanishmonarchsexperiencedachangeofheartandsupportedthevoyagethatwastogiveSpainanempire.

Meanwhile,HenryVIInevergaveuphishopeofobtainingforEnglandashareoftherichEasterntrade.BritishmerchantsestablishedatradelinkwithIcelandabout1490.AndencouragedbynewsofColumbus'voyage,onMarch5,1496,HenryVIIgrantedletters-patenttothe"well-belovedJohnCabot"andhisthreesonstosailacrosstheAtlantictoAsia.AnItalian-bornnavigator,CabothadlivedinEnglandsince1484.Asayouth,hehadvisitedtheEast,andwhenhearrivedinLondonhehadalreadydecidedthatanall-waterroutecouldbefoundtothetradingcentersthere.HemayhavemadeafewtripstoIcelandbeforetheKingcommissionedhistrans-Atlanticvoyage.

InMayof1497,CabotleftBristolwithacrewof18and,afteravoyageof52daysacrosstheNorthAtlantic,landedonCapeBretonIslandandtookpossessionofthelandforHenryVII.Fromthere,heexploredseveralislandsintheGulfofSt.LawrenceandinAugustreturnedtoEnglandandthepraiseofHenryVII,whograntedhimnewletters-patent.WhenCabotsailedagain,in1498,hehadperhaps5or6ships,whosecrewstotaledsome300men.TheKingpersonallyfinancedasubstantialportionoftheexpedition'scost.Onhissecondvoyage,CabotprobablyexploredtheNorthAmericancoastfromNewfoundlandsouthtotheDelawareorChesapeakeBays.

HavingfailedtofindtheshoresofCathay(China)orCipango(Japan),theEnglishturnedintheoppositedirection.HenryⅦ’sson,HenryⅧ——betterknownforhismartialinvolvementandhisbreakwiththePope——enthusiasticallybegantobuild“afleetthelikeofwhichtheworldhasneverseen.”JohnCabot’sson,Sebastian,becamearenownednavigator.AfterservingSpainforanumberofyears,hereturnedtoEnglandandopenedthenorthernsea-landroutetoMoscow.HealsohelpedfoundthecompanyofMerchant-Adventurers,predecessoroftheMuscovyCompany,andbecameitspresidentforlife.

Thus,fornearlyacentury,England'sinterestwasdivertedfromtheNewWorldandherenergieswereconcentratedonthedevelopmentofacommercialempireandamerchantfleetthatbecamesecondtononeinEurope.ButJohnCabothadgivenEnglandaclaimtothenorthernshoresoftheNewWorld,andinthecourseoftimethe"seadogs"andotherEnglishmarinersweretobreathenewlifeintoit.

1.Themainpurposeofthepassageisto（

）.

2.Whichofthefollowingstatementisbestsupportedbyinformationinthepassage?

3.TheauthorcitesColumbuschieflyto

（

）.

4.AccordingtothePassage,SebastianCabotandChristopherColumbus（

）.

5.TheauthorsuggeststhatHenryⅦ'sinterestinnavigationwaschiefly

（

）.

6.AccordingtothepassageHenryⅦ'spoliciesincludedallofthefollowingEXCEPT

（

）.

7.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisbestsupportedbyinformationinthepassage?

8.Forthepurposesofthispassage,theendofthewarsoftheRoseswasimportantchieflybecause

（

）.

9.Forthepurposesofthispassage,JohnCabot'sprincipalimportanceisthathe

（

）.

10.Accordingtothepassage,theinitialvoyagesofChristopherColumbusandJohnCabotweremotivatedchieflybyadesire（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.recounttheCabots'contributionstoEngland'scommercialdevelopment.

B.demonstratethefar-sightednessoftheTudormonarchs.

C.explainEngland'searlyinvolvementwiththeNewWorld.

D.analyzethelate15thcenturycompetitionbetweenEnglandandSpain.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.HenryⅦfollowedhisfather'spolicyofrapidexplorationoftheNewWorld.

B.England'ssuperiormerchantfleetwasestablishedbeforeherinitialvoyagestotheNewWorld.

C.HenryⅧ’sfamerestsmainlyonhisestablishmentofacommercialempire.

D.SebastianCabotestablishedasea-landroutetoMoscowduringHenryVIII'sreign.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.EmphasizethecompetitionbetweenEnglandandSpain

B.illustratedthedisloyaltyofSpanishnavigators

C.demonstratethatEnglandtrailedherchiefrivalsinexploration

D.illustrateHenryⅦ'sinterestinpromotingcommerce

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.competedwitheachothertofindnewroutestotheNewWorld

B.discoveredcontinents

C.establishedtradingcompanies

D.workedforSpanishmonarchs

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.commercial

B.military

C.political

D.educational

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.financingofforeign-bornvoyagers

B.useofforceinsubduingEnglishnobles

C.encouragementofforeignmerchantsinEngland

D.formationoftradingcompanies

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.Someearlyvoyagerswerewillingtoservewhateverkingwouldfinancetheirexpeditions.

B.HenryVIIwishedtoreachtheNewWorldbeforeSpaindid.

C.Mostearlyvoyagerswerenotwellcompensatedfortheirdiscoveries.

D.EnglishmonarchswerequicktorecognizetheimportanceofthediscoveryoftheNewWorld.

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.itestablishedtheTudordynastyinEngland

B.itbroughtabenevolentkingtotheEnglishthrone

C.itunitedEngland,Scotland,andWales

D.theensuingpeaceallowedcommercialdevelopment

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.establishedEngland'sclaimintheNewWorld

B.openednewcommercialroutestotheEast

C.gaveEnglandnavalsupremacyinEurope

D.provedthatall-waterroutestomajortradingcentersexisted

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.tofindaroutetoAsia

B.forpersonalgain

C.todiscovernewlands

D.toincreasetheirmonarchs'empires

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:A

第6題:C

第7題:A

第8題:D

第9題:D

第10題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。本文第一段介紹了亨利七世統(tǒng)治英格蘭期間當(dāng)時(shí)的社會背景環(huán)境以及他注重商業(yè)發(fā)展、鼓勵(lì)海外貿(mào)易。亨利七世原本答應(yīng)支持哥倫布的航海計(jì)劃，但最終由西班牙君主資助；第二段介紹亨利七世授權(quán)約翰?卡伯特及其兒子跨越大西洋航行至亞洲以及約翰?卡伯特的簡介；第三段介紹了約翰?卡伯特的航行為英國發(fā)現(xiàn)了新的土地；第四段介紹了亨利八世和約翰?卡伯特的兒子的成就；最后一段介紹英國將注意力從發(fā)現(xiàn)新大陸轉(zhuǎn)向發(fā)展為商業(yè)帝國。因此本文的主旨為約翰?卡伯特為英國航海及商業(yè)作出的貢獻(xiàn)，A選項(xiàng)“講述卡伯特對英國商業(yè)發(fā)展的貢獻(xiàn)”符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章倒數(shù)第二段中的AfterservingSpainforanumberofyears,hereturnedtoEnglandandopenedthenorthernsea-landroutetoMoscow.（在西班牙服務(wù)多年后，他回到英國，開啟了通往莫斯科的海路航線）可知D選項(xiàng)“在亨利八世統(tǒng)治期間，塞巴斯蒂安?卡伯特建立了一條通往莫斯科的海陸航線”符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。由文章第一段中的Henry,therefore,coulddevotehisattentiontothepromotionofcommerce.HeencouragedEnglishmerchantstoenterforeigntrade,supportedtheformationoftradingcompanies...HenryVIIagreedtofinancethevoyageandurgedColumbustocomeatoncetoEngland.（因此，亨利可以把他的注意力集中在促進(jìn)商業(yè)上。他鼓勵(lì)英國商人從事對外貿(mào)易，支持貿(mào)易公司的成立……亨利七世同意為這次航行提供資金，并敦促哥倫布立即來到英國）可知D選項(xiàng)“證明亨利七世對促進(jìn)商業(yè)貿(mào)易發(fā)展興趣”符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段中的AfterservingSpainforanumberofyears,hereturnedtoEnglandandopenedthenorthernsea-landroutetoMoscow.（在西班牙服務(wù)多年后，他回到英國，開啟了通往莫斯科的海路航線）可知塞巴斯蒂安?卡伯特以前也為西班牙君主服務(wù)，因此選D。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的Henry,therefore,coulddevotehisattentiontothepromotionofcommerce.（因此，亨利可以把他的注意力集中在促進(jìn)商業(yè)上）可知作者認(rèn)為亨利七世對航海的興趣主要是商業(yè)方面的，因此選A。

6.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的restrictedtheactivitiesoftheforeignmerchantsinLondonandBristol（限制外國商人在倫敦和布里斯托爾的活動）可知C選項(xiàng)“鼓勵(lì)在英國的外國商人”符合題意。

7.推理判斷題。由文章第一段中的ColumbusevensenthisbrothertoEnglandwhenhefailedtoobtainsupportfromthePortugueseorSpanishKingsforhisproposalthatCathaycouldbereachedbysailingwestacrosstheAtlantic.（哥倫布提議橫渡大西洋向西航行就可以抵達(dá)中國，當(dāng)沒有得到葡萄牙或西班牙國王的支持時(shí)，哥倫布甚至把他的兄弟送到了英國）可知A選項(xiàng)“早期的一些航行家愿意服務(wù)于任何給他們資助的國王”符合題意。

8.推理判斷題。由文章第一段中的Forthefirsttimeinnearlyacentury,thecountryhadstabilityingovernmentandaconsiderabledegreeofpeaceandprosperity.（近一個(gè)世紀(jì)來，這個(gè)國家首次實(shí)現(xiàn)了政府的穩(wěn)定和保持了相當(dāng)程度的和平與繁榮）可知D選項(xiàng)“隨之而來的和平使商業(yè)發(fā)展得以實(shí)現(xiàn)”符合題意。

9.推理判斷題。B選項(xiàng)“開辟通往東方的新商業(yè)路線”與C選項(xiàng)“賦予英國海軍在歐洲的霸主地位”在文章中沒有提及到，故排除。A選項(xiàng)“確立了英國在新大陸的主權(quán)”與D選項(xiàng)“證明通往主要貿(mào)易中心的水路是存在的”都屬于JohnCabot的貢獻(xiàn)，但其最重要的貢獻(xiàn)是D選項(xiàng)。

10.推理判斷題。由文章第一段中的ColumbusevensenthisbrothertoEnglandwhenhefailedtoobtainsupportfromthePortugueseorSpanishKingsforhisproposalthatCathaycouldbereachedbysailingwestacrosstheAtlantic.（哥倫布提議橫渡大西洋向西航行就可以抵達(dá)中國，當(dāng)沒有得到葡萄牙或西班牙國王的支持時(shí)，哥倫布甚至把他的兄弟送到了英國）和第二段中的AndencouragedbynewsofColumbus'voyage,onMarch5,1496,HenryVIIgrantedletters-patenttothe"well-belovedJohnCabot"andhisthreesonstosailacrosstheAtlantictoAsia.（1496年3月5日，在哥倫布航海的消息的鼓舞下，亨利七世授予“深愛的約翰?卡伯特”和他的三個(gè)兒子跨越大西洋航行至亞洲）可知ChristopherColumbus和JohnCabot最初航行的目的是到達(dá)亞洲，因此選A。

3.單選題

Youcouldarguethatmanyartistshavebecomemore（

）happinessbecausemoderntimeshaveseensomuchmisery.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.confidentin

B.skepticalof

C.realisticabout

D.incapableof

【答案】B

【解析】考察形容詞短語辨析。confidentin“對…有信心”；skepticalof“對…懷疑”；realisticabout“對……現(xiàn)實(shí)”；incapableof“沒有能力做……”。句意：你可能會認(rèn)為藝術(shù)家們越來越懷疑快樂了，因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)代社會經(jīng)歷了如此多的不幸。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

4.翻譯題

1.科學(xué)家是一小群努力洞悉自然,在表面的雜亂無序中尋求規(guī)律的人,他們具有特殊的能力進(jìn)行思考與分析,具有無限的耐心進(jìn)行觀察與收集數(shù)據(jù)。

2.當(dāng)時(shí)我們所面臨的最關(guān)鍵的問題是熟練勞動力的缺乏,用以培訓(xùn)這種勞動力的大學(xué)師資不足,以及我們的大學(xué)中由于用于教育和科研的師資和現(xiàn)代化設(shè)備短缺造成的研究能力衰退。

3.科學(xué)是講求實(shí)際的。科學(xué)是老老實(shí)實(shí)的學(xué)問,來不得半點(diǎn)虛假,需要付出艱巨的勞動。同時(shí),科學(xué)也需要創(chuàng)造,需要幻想,有幻想才能打破傳統(tǒng)的束縛,才能發(fā)展科學(xué)。

4.如果你著手干一番事業(yè)而失敗了,不要喪失信心?！拔沂×巳巍迸c“我是一個(gè)失敗者”之間有著天壤之別。只要你對自己不持否定的想法,不把自己與失敗等同起來,而是試圖從失敗中吸取教訓(xùn),你很可能在未來取得成功。

【答案】1.Scientistsareagroupofpeoplewhopossessspecialabilitiestothinkandanalyzethingsandhaveendlesspatienceinobservinganddatacollecting.Theyalltrytodiscernthenatureandfindoutregulationsthroughthedisorderlyappearance.

2.Themostvitalproblemswefacedwithatthattimeweretheshortageoflaborers,thelackofuniversityteachersinthetrainingofthoselaborers,andthedeclineintheresearchingcapabilitycausedbythelackofuniversityteachersandmodernequipmentusedforeducationandtechnologyresearch.

3.Sciencealwaysfocusesonrealities.Itneedstheconscientiousrequirementforknowledgeandpermitsofnofalse.Meanwhile,itinvolvespeople’screationandimagination.Andimaginationcanbreakthelimitationoftraditionsanddevelopthescienceconstantly.

4.Don’tbedisappointedifyoufailinthecareeryouhavedone.Theword“Ihaveexperiencedfailureforthreetimes”isabsolutelydifferentfromtheword“Iamaloser”.Aslongasyoudon’tdenyyourself,donotidentifyyourselfwiththefailure,andtrytolearnsomethingfromyourfailure,youwillbelikelytosucceedinthefuture.

5.單選題

IwasinsomedoubtastowhethertheCorporalhad()usaccidentallyonhiswayoutofthetownorifhe'dbeendeliberatelytasked.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.crashedon

B.bumpedinto

C.fallenagainst

D.puzzledabout

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。crashon“撞上”；bumpinto“無意中遇到”；fallagainst“絆倒在……”；puzzleabout“苦思冥想”。句意：我有些懷疑那個(gè)下士到底在出城的路上偶然碰上我們了還是被故意派來的。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

6.單選題

Thediversityoftropicalplantsintheregionrepresentsaseemingly（）sourceofrawmaterials,ofwhichonlyafewhavebeenutilized.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Inexhaustible

B.exploited

C.remarkable

D.controversial

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。inexhaustible“取之不盡的，用不完的”;exploited“被開發(fā)利用的”;remarkable“卓越的，非凡的”;controversial“有爭議的”。句意:該區(qū)域熱帶植物的多樣性似乎是取之不盡用之不竭的原料來源，其中只有少數(shù)得到利用。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

7.單選題

Theyare（

）investorswhoalwaysmakethoroughinvestigationsbothonlocalandinternationalmarketsbeforemakinganinvestment.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.indecisive

B.implicit

C.cautious

D.conscious

【答案】C

【解析】考察形容詞詞義辨析。indecisive“猶豫不決的”；implicit“含蓄的；暗示的”；C.cautious“謹(jǐn)慎的”；conscious“意識到的”。句意：他們是謹(jǐn)慎的投資者，在做出每筆投資前，總是要對當(dāng)?shù)睾蛧H市場進(jìn)行調(diào)研。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

8.單選題

Mybrotherisapainterandworksina（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.studio

B.stall

C.senate

D.stage

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)studio“工作室，畫室”；B選項(xiàng)stall“貨攤”；C選項(xiàng)senate“參議院”；D選項(xiàng)stage“舞臺”。句意：我的兄弟是個(gè)畫家，在一個(gè)畫室工作。選項(xiàng)A符合語境。

9.單選題

TheEuropeanUnionrevealedonJanuary23thhowitplanstosavetheworld.Amammothclimate-changeplanspellsoutindetailhowmuchpaineachofits27memberswillhavetobeariftheEUistomeetambitioustargetssetbynationalleaderslastMatch.

Theaimistocutgreenhouse-gasemissionsby2020byatleastafifth,andmorethandoubleto20%theamountofenergyproducedfromrenewablesourcessuchaswindorwavepower.Iffuelfromplantsprovesgreenenough,10%ofthefuelusedintransportmustcomefrombiofuelsbythesamedate.Thenewplanturnsthesegoalsintonationaltargets.Thiswillsurelystartmuchgrumblingandmonthsofhorse-trading,astheEuropeanCommission’srecommendationsareturnedintobindinglawbynationalgovernmentsandtheEuropeanParliament.

Countrieswithgreeneryintheirveinsarebeingaskedtotakemoreoftheburdenthannewermembers.Sweden,forexample,isbeinginvitedtomeet49%ofitsenergyfromrenewables.Attheotherend,Maltagetsarenewablestargetofjust10%.Itisasimilarstorywhenitcomestocuttinggreenhousegases:by2020,Denmarkmustcutemissionsby20%from2005levels;BulgariaandRomania,thenewestmembers,maylettheiremissionsriseby20%.

EUleadershiponclimatechangewillnotcomecheap.Thedirectcostsalonemaybee60billion($87billion),orabout0.5%oftotalEUGDP,by2020,saidthecommission’spresident,JoseManuelBarroso.Butthisisstillpresentedasabargaincomparedwiththecostofinaction,whichMrBarrosoputattentimesashigh.“Oh,leadingtheworldinthefightagainstclimatechangeneednotcostjobs,eveninthemostheavilypollutingbranchesofheavyindustry.WewanttokeepourindustryinEurope”,insistedMr.Barroso.

ThetricktoachievetheseeminglyimpossibletargetsistheEU’semissions-tradingscheme(ETS).ThisobligesbigpolluterssuchaspowercompaniesormanufacturinggiantstotradepermitsthatallowthemtoemitCO2andotherclimate-changenasties,withinasteadilytighteningoverallcap.IfcountriessuchastheUnitedStatesdonotsignbindinginternationalagreementsby2011,thentheheaviestgreenhouse-gasemittersinsidetheEUmaybegiventheseallowancesfree,thecommissionsuggests.Or,itthreatens,firmsoutsidetheEUcouldbeforcedtobuyETSpermits.

1.Toitsmembernations,theEU’splanmeans______.

2.Byusingsomedatainparagraph3,theauthor______.

3.AccordingtoMr.Barroso,heavyindustryintheEUcountrieswill______.

4.AccordingtotheEU’sETS,bigpolluters______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.afiercecompetition

B.anidealgoal

C.agoodopportunity

D.adifficulttask

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.givesanobjectivedescriptionofthetaskassignmentamongEUcountries

B.showsdisapprovalofallowingsomenationstoraisetheirCO2emissions

C.revealshispuzzlementaboutwhysomenationsaretodolessthanothers

D.presentshisadmirationforthosewhotakegreaterpainstosavetheworld

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.stopbeingthebiggestpolluter

B.beshortofskilledworkforce

C.continueoperating

D.reactwithinaction

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.shallbegivennopermitsuntil2011

B.havetopayfortheirexistence

C.willbeallowedafixedamountofemissions

D.canbenefitiftheychoosetobeinsidetheEU

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

【解析】1.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“對其成員國來說，歐盟的計(jì)劃意味著……”。根據(jù)第一段最后一句Amammothclimate-changeplanspellsoutindetailhowmuchpaineachofits27memberswillhavetobeariftheEUistomeetambitioustargetssetbynationalleaderslastMatch.（一項(xiàng)龐大的氣候變化計(jì)劃詳細(xì)說明了如果歐盟想要實(shí)現(xiàn)各國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人在上一場比賽中設(shè)定的雄心勃勃的目標(biāo)，其27個(gè)成員國將會承受多大的痛苦）和最后一段第一句ThetricktoachievetheseeminglyimpossibletargetsistheEU’semissions-tradingscheme(ETS).（達(dá)到這些似乎不可能的任務(wù)的竅門是歐盟的排放交易計(jì)劃）可推知，對歐盟的成員國來說，這一項(xiàng)計(jì)劃是很艱巨的任務(wù)，D項(xiàng)“一項(xiàng)艱巨的任務(wù)”符合題意；A項(xiàng)“一個(gè)激烈的競爭”、B項(xiàng)“一個(gè)理想的目標(biāo)”和C項(xiàng)“一個(gè)很好的機(jī)會”都與文章不符，文章主要講述的是歐盟制定的拯救世界的計(jì)劃會需要其成員國更多的責(zé)任和代價(jià)，是一個(gè)不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的計(jì)劃。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

2.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“通過使用第三段中的一些數(shù)據(jù)，作者……”。第三段主要圍繞綠色能源比重大的國家比其他國家被要求承擔(dān)更多的責(zé)任而進(jìn)行分析和具體說明，作者在這里只是一個(gè)客觀的陳述，并未透露自己的情緒觀點(diǎn)，A項(xiàng)“客觀描述了歐盟國家之間的任務(wù)分配”符合題意；B項(xiàng)“表示不贊成一些國家提高二氧化碳排放量”、C項(xiàng)“揭示了他對為什么有些國家比其他國家做得少的困惑”和D項(xiàng)“對那些為拯救世界付出更大努力的人表示欽佩”概括不正確。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

3.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“據(jù)巴羅佐先生說，歐盟國家的重工業(yè)將會……”。根據(jù)第四段巴羅佐先生說的話Oh,leadingtheworldinthefightagainstclimatechangeneednotcostjobs,eveninthemostheavilypollutingbranchesofheavyindustry.WewanttokeepourindustryinEurope.（領(lǐng)導(dǎo)世界對抗氣候變化不需要以就業(yè)為代價(jià)，即使是在污染最嚴(yán)重的重工業(yè)，我們想留住歐洲的工業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)）可知，歐盟國家的重工業(yè)將會繼續(xù)，C項(xiàng)“繼續(xù)運(yùn)營”正確；由此也可知A項(xiàng)“停止做最大的污染者”錯(cuò)誤；B項(xiàng)“缺少熟練勞動力”沒有提到；由Butthisisstillpresentedasabargaincomparedwiththecostofinaction,whichMrBarrosoputattentimesashigh.（但與不作為的代價(jià)相比，這仍然是一筆便宜的交易，巴羅佐認(rèn)為不作為的代價(jià)是它的十倍）可知，不作為的代價(jià)很高，所以歐盟國家的重工業(yè)不會不作為，D項(xiàng)“不作為”錯(cuò)誤。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

4.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“根據(jù)歐盟排放交易體系，大污染企業(yè)……”。根據(jù)最后一段對歐盟排放交易體系的描述：ThisobligesbigpolluterssuchaspowercompaniesormanufacturinggiantstotradepermitsthatallowthemtoemitCO2andotherclimate-changenasties,withinasteadilytighteningoverallcap.IfcountriessuchastheUnitedStatesdonotsignbindinginternationalagreementsby2011,thentheheaviestgreenhouse-gasemittersinsidetheEUmaybegiventheseallowancesfree,thecommissionsuggests.Or,itthreatens,firmsoutsidetheEUcouldbeforcedtobuyETSpermits.（這就迫使電力公司等大型污染者或者制造巨頭交易許可證，以允許他們在穩(wěn)步收緊總體限制范圍內(nèi)排放二氧化碳和其他造成氣候變化的排放物。委員會暗示，如果像美國這樣的國家到2011年不簽署約束性國際協(xié)議，那么最大的溫室氣體排放國在歐盟可能會免費(fèi)得到準(zhǔn)許。或者，委員會威脅到，歐盟以外的公司可能會被迫購買ETS許可。），由此可以推理，大型污染企業(yè)如果選擇加入歐盟就能夠獲益，而不至于被迫購買ETS許可，故D項(xiàng)“如果他們選擇留在歐盟，他們可以從中受益”正確；A項(xiàng)“在2011年之前都不會得到許可”表述不完全；B項(xiàng)“必須為他們的生存付出代價(jià)”概括不準(zhǔn)確；C項(xiàng)“將被允許一個(gè)固定的排放量”這是在加入歐盟的前提下才能實(shí)現(xiàn)。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

Ragtimeisamusicalformthatsynthesizesfolkmelodiesandmusicaltechniquesintoabriefquadrille-likestructure,designedtobeplayed—exactlyaswritten—onthepiano.AstronganalogyexistsbetweenEuropeancomposerslikeRalphVaughanWilliams,EdvardGrieg,andAntonDvorakwhocombinedfolktunesandtheirownoriginalmaterialsinlargercompositionsandthepioneerragtimecomposersintheUnitedStates.ComposerslikeScottJoplinandlamesScottwereinasensecollectorsormusicologists,collectingdanceandfolkmusicinBlackcommunitiesandconsciouslyshapingitintobriefsuitesoranthologiescalledpianorags.

Ithassometimesbeenchargedthatragtimeismechanical.Forinstance,WilfredMellerscomments,“ragsweretransferredtothepianolarolland,evenifnotplayedbyamachine,shouldbeplayedlikeamachine,withmeticulousprecision.”However,thereisnoreasontoassumethatragtimeisinherentlymechanicalsimplybecausecommercialmanufacturersappliedamechanicalrecordingmethodtoragtime,theonlywaytorecordpianosatthatdate.Ragtime’sisnotamechanicalprecision,anditisnotprecisionlimitedtothestyleofperformance.Itarisesfromragtime’sfollowingawell-definedformandobeyingsimpleruleswithinthatform.

Theclassicformulaforthepianoragdisposesthreetofivethemesinsixteenth-barstrains,oftenorganizedwithrepeats.Theragopenswithabright,memorablestrainortheme,followedbyasimilartheme,leadingtoatrioofmarkedlyricalcharacter,withthestructureconcludedbyalyricalstrainthatparallelstherhythmicdevelopmentsoftheearlierthemes.Theaimofthestructureistorisefromonethemetoanotherinastair-stepmanner,endingonanoteoftriumphorexhilaration.

Typically,eachstrainisdividedintotwo8-barsegmentsthatareessentiallyalike,sotherhythmic-melodicunitofragtimeisonlyeightbarsof2/4measure.Therefore,themesmustbebriefwithclear,sharpmelodicfigures.Notconcernedwithdevelopmentofmusicalthemes,theragtimecomposerinsteadsetsathemedownintact,infinishedform,andlinksittovariousrelatedthemes.Tensioninragtimecompositionsarisesfromapolaritybetweentwobasicingredients:acontinuousbass―calledbyjazzmusiciansaboom-chickbass—inthepianist’slefthand,anditsmelodic,syncopatedcounterpartintherighthand.

Ragtimeremainsdistinctfromjazzbothasaninstrumentalstyleandasagenre.Ragtimestylestressesapatternofrepeatedrhythms,nottheconstantinventionsandvariationsofjazz.Asagenre,ragtimerequiresstrictattentiontostructure,notinventivenessorvirtuosity.Itexistsasatradition,asetofconventions,abodyofwrittenscores,separatefromtheindividualplayersassociatedwithit.Inthissenseragtimeismoreakintofolkmusicofthenineteenthcenturythantojazz.

1.Accordingtothepassage,eachofthefollowingisacharacteristicofragtimecompositionsthatfollowtheclassicragtimeformulaEXCEPT（

）.

2.Theauthorrejectstheargumentthatragtimeisamechanicalmusicbecausethatargument

（

）.

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheessentialnatureofragtimehasbeenobscuredbycommentariesbasedon

（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowingismostnearlyanalogousinsourceandartisticcharactertoaragtimecompositionasdescribedinthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.syncopation

B.abasslinedistinctfromthemelodicline

C.risingrhythmic-melodicintensity

D.fulldevelopmentofmusicalthemes

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.improperlyidentifiescommercialragtimemusicwiththesubtlerclassicragtimestyle.

B.doesnotaccuratelydescribethesoundofragtimepianolamusic.

C.confusesthemeansofrecordingandtheessentialcharacterofthemusic.

D.exaggeratestheinfluenceoftheperformancestyleofprofessionalragtimeplayersonthereputationofthegenre.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.thewayragtimemusicwasfirstrecorded

B.themusicalsourcesusedbyScottJoplinandJamesScott

C.thedancefashionsthatwerecontemporaryragtime

D.earlyreviewers’accountsofcharacteristicstructure

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Symphonicmusicderivedfromcomplexjazzmotifs.

B.Anexperimentalnovelbasedonwell-knowncartooncharacters.

C.Adramaticproductioninwhichactorsinventscenesandimproviselines.

D.Aballetwhosedisciplinedchoreographyisbasedonfolk-dancesteps.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

【解析】1.判斷推理題。題干問的是根據(jù)這篇文章，除了哪一項(xiàng)外，下面的每一個(gè)都是拉格泰姆作品的一個(gè)特征？題干問的是根據(jù)這篇文章，除了哪一項(xiàng)外，下面的每一個(gè)都是拉格泰姆作品的一個(gè)特征？定位到第四段中Notconcernedwithdevelopmentofmusicalthemes,theragtimecomposerinsteadsetsathemedownintact,infinishedform,andlinksittovariousrelatedthemes.Tensioninragtimecompositionsarisesfromapolaritybetweentwobasicingredients:acontinuousbass―call