考研考博-英語-中國地質(zhì)大學(北京)考試押題三合一+答案詳解4_第1頁
考研考博-英語-中國地質(zhì)大學(北京)考試押題三合一+答案詳解4_第2頁
考研考博-英語-中國地質(zhì)大學(北京)考試押題三合一+答案詳解4_第3頁
考研考博-英語-中國地質(zhì)大學(北京)考試押題三合一+答案詳解4_第4頁
考研考博-英語-中國地質(zhì)大學(北京)考試押題三合一+答案詳解4_第5頁
已閱讀5頁,還剩419頁未讀, 繼續(xù)免費閱讀

下載本文檔

版權(quán)說明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內(nèi)容提供方,若內(nèi)容存在侵權(quán),請進行舉報或認領(lǐng)

文檔簡介

書山有路勤為徑,學海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-中國地質(zhì)大學(北京)考試押題三合一+答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

問題1選項

A.TheyworkindifferentfieldsofAItechnology.

B.TheydisagreeaboutthefutureofAItechnology.

C.Theydiffergreatlyintheirknowledgeofmoderntechnology.

D.Theyarebothworriedaboutthenegativeimpactoftechnology.

問題2選項

A.SimplywritingAIsoftware.

B.Stimulatingandmotivating.

C.Lesstime-consumingandfocusingoncreation.

D.Moredemandingandrequiringspecialtraining.

問題3選項

A.Therecouldbejobsnobodywantstodo.

B.Digitallifecouldreplacehumancivilization.

C.Humanswouldbetiredofcommunicatingwithoneanother.

D.Oldpeoplewouldbetakencareofsolelybyunfeelingrobots.

問題4選項

A.Lifewillbecomelikeasciencefictionfilm.

B.Itwilltakeawayhumans’jobsaltogether.

C.Chipswillbeinsertedinhumanbrains.

D.Itwillbesmarterthanhumanbeings.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

【解析】ConversationTwo

W:[5]Howdoyoufeelaboutthefutureofartificialintelligence?Personally,Ifeelquiteoptimisticaboutit.

M:[5]AI?I’mnotsooptimisticactually.Infact,it’ssomethingweshouldbeconcernedabout.

W:Well,itwillhelpushumansunderstandourselvesbetter,andwhenwehaveabetterunderstandingofourselves,wecanimprovetheworld.

M:Well,onethingisforsure,technologyisevolvingfasterthanourabilitytounderstandit,andinthefutureAIwillmakejobskindofpointless.

W:[6]Ithinkartificialintelligencewillactuallyhelpcreatenewkindsofjobswhichwouldrequirelessofourtimeandallowustobecenteredoncreativetasks.

M:Idoubtthatverymuch.ProbablythelastjobthatwillremainwouldbewritingAIsoftware.Andtheneventually,AIwilljustwriteitsownsoftware.

W:Atthattime,we’regoingtohavealotofjobswhichnobodywillwanttodo,sowe’llneedartificialintelligencefortherobotstotakecareoftheoldguyslikeus.

M:Idon’tknow.[7]There’sariskthathumancivilizationcouldbereplacedbyasuperiortypeofdigitallife.AIwillbeabletocompletelysimulateapersonineverywaypossible.Infact,somepeoplethinkwe’reinasimulation,rightnow.

W:That’simpossible.Humanscan’tevenmakeamosquito.Computersonlyhavechips.Peoplehavebrains,andthat’swherethewisdomcomesfrom.

M:Onceit’sfullydeveloped,AIwillbecometiredoftryingtocommunicatewithhumans,aswewouldbemuchslowerthinkersincomparison.

W:I’mnotsosure.Acomputerisacomputer,andacomputerisjustatoy.

M:[8]Computerscaneasilycommunicateincrediblyfast,sothecomputerwilljustgetimpatienttalkingtohumans.It’llbebarelygettinganyinformationout.

W:Well,Ibelievethere’sabenevolentfuturewithAI.Ialsothinkyouwatchtoomanysciencefictionfilms.

5.Whatdowelearnaboutthespeakersfromtheconversation?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問從對話中我們可以了解到關(guān)于說話人的哪些信息?根據(jù)錄音原文可知,男士和女士就人工智能的未來展開討論,并且雙方持不同的觀點,女士持樂觀的態(tài)度,男士則與之相反,并且表示擔憂。由此可知,B選項“他們對人工智能技術(shù)的未來意見不一”正確。A選項“他們都在人工智能技術(shù)的不同領(lǐng)域工作”這一信息在錄音中沒有信息提及;C選項“他們在現(xiàn)代技術(shù)方面的認識差別很大”,表述過于寬泛,錄音中只提到人工智能領(lǐng)域,并沒有涉及其他現(xiàn)代技術(shù),因此C選項不正確;D選項“他們都擔心技術(shù)的負面影響”,錄音中只有男士對此是擔憂的,女士是持樂觀的態(tài)度,因此,D選項不正確。

6.Whatwillnewkindsofjobsbelike,accordingtothewoman?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】題目問根據(jù)女士的說法,新型的工作會是什么樣的?女士認為人工智能將有助于創(chuàng)造新型的工作,這些工作將占用人們更少的時間,讓人們集中精力去做創(chuàng)造性的工作,C選項“花費的時間更少且專注于創(chuàng)造”與錄音原文的意思表述一致,因此正確。A選項“僅僅需要編寫人工智能軟件”不屬于女士的觀點,因此排除;B選項“有趣又能激勵人心的”和D選項“要求更高且需要特殊培訓的”在錄音原文中均未提及,因此排除。

7.Whatistheriskthemananticipates?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問男士預期會出現(xiàn)的風險是什么?女士提出未來會出現(xiàn)很多沒人愿意做的工作,所以需要人工智能機器人來幫我們做。對于這一點,男士表示懷疑,認為這樣的話,人類文明可能會被一種先進的數(shù)字生活方式所取代,B選項“數(shù)字生活可能會取代人類文明”是對錄音原文的轉(zhuǎn)述,因此正確。A選項“可能會有沒人愿意做的工作”是女士提出的觀點,與男士無關(guān),因此排除;C選項“人類會厭倦彼此交流”,錄音中說的是,一旦人工智能發(fā)展完善,將會厭倦與人類交流,并不是人類厭倦彼此交流,屬于偷換概念。D選項“老年人將只能由沒有感情的機器人來照顧”,錄音中女士說的是:我們需要人工智能讓機器人來照顧我們這些年老的人,選項意思與錄音原文不符,并且不屬于男士的看法,因此也可排除。

8.Whatistheman’sconcernaboutAItechnology?

【試題答案】D

【試題解析】題目問男士對人工智能技術(shù)有什么顧慮?在對話的最后,男士說道,計算機很容易就能以驚人的速度進行通信,所以未來計算機與人類交流時,只會失去耐心,這樣的話,人類幾乎不可能從中獲取任何信息。由此可知,男士認為以計算機為依托的人工智能可能在未來超越人類的智慧,沒有耐心與人類交流,D選項“它將比人類更聰明”是對錄音原文的概括,因此正確。A選項“生活會變得像科幻電影”利用錄音最后的sciencefictionfilm設(shè)置干擾,與原文表述不符,因此排除;B選項“它將徹底奪走人類的工作”,雖然在原文中能找到相關(guān)信息,但這只是表面信息,男士的顧慮歸根結(jié)底還是因為人工智能的發(fā)展可能會超越人類的智慧,因此B選項不準確;C選項“人類的大腦將會被植入芯片”在錄音中沒有信息提及,因此排除。

2.單選題

Educatinggirlsquitepossiblyyieldsahigherrateofreturnthananyotherinvestmentavailableinthedevelopingworld.Women’seducationmaybeunusualterritoryforeconomists,butenhancingwomen’scontributiontodevelopmentisactuallyasmuchaneconomicasasocialissue.Andeconomics,withitsemphasisonincentives,providesguidepoststhatpointtoanexplanationforwhysomanygirlsaredeprivedofaneducation.

Parentsinlow-incomecountriesfailtoinvestintheirdaughtersbecausetheydonotexpectthemtomakeaneconomiccontributiontothefamily:girlsgrowuponlytomarryintosomebodyelse’sfamilyandbearchildren.Girlsarethusseenaslessvaluablethanboysandarekeptathometodohouseworkwhiletheirbrothersaresenttoschool—theprophecybecomesself-fulfilling,trappingwomeninaviciouscircleofneglect.

Aneducatedmother,ontheotherhand,hasgreaterearningabilitiesoutsidethehomeandfacesanentirelydifferentsetofchoices.Sheislikelytohavefewerbuthealthierchildrenandcaninsistonthedevelopmentofallherchildren,ensuringthatherdaughtersaregivenafairchance.Theeducationofherdaughtersthenmakesitmuchmorelikelythatthenextgenerationofgirls,aswellasofboys,willbeeducatedandhealthy.Theviciouscircleisthustransformedintoavirtuouscircle.

Fewwilldisputethateducatingwomenhasgreatsocialbenefits.Butithasenormouseconomicadvantagesaswell.Mostobviously,thereisthedirecteffectofeducationonthewagesoffemaleworkers.Wagesriseby10to20percentforeachadditionalyearofschooling.Suchbigreturnsareimpressivebythestandardofotheravailableinvestments,buttheyarejustthebeginning.Educatingwomenalsohasasignificantimpactonhealthpractices,includingfamilyplanning.

1.Theauthorarguesthateducatinggirlsindevelopingcountriesis().

2.Bysaying“…theprophecybecomesself-fulfilling...”(Para.2),theauthormeansthat().

3.Theauthorbelievesthataviciouscirclecanturnintoavirtuouscirclewhen().

4.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutwomen’seducation?

5.Thispassagemainlydiscusses().

問題1選項

A.troublesome

B.labor-saving

C.rewarding

D.expensive.

問題2選項

A.girlswillturnouttobelessvaluablethanboys

B.girlswillbecapableofrealizingtheirowndreams

C.girlswilleventuallyfindtheirgoalsinlifebeyondreach

D.girlswillbeincreasinglydiscontentedwiththeirlifeathome

問題3選項

A.womencaremoreabouteducation

B.girlscangainequalaccesstoeducation

C.afamilyhasfewerbuthealthierchildren

D.parentscanaffordtheirdaughters’education

問題4選項

A.Itdeservesgreaterattentionthanothersocialissues.

B.Itisnowgiventoppriorityinmanydevelopingcountries.

C.Itwillyieldgreaterreturnsthanotherknowninvestment.

D.Ithasarousedtheinterestofagrowingnumberofeconomists.

問題5選項

A.unequaltreatmentofboysandgirlsindevelopingcountries

B.thepotentialearningpowerofwell-educatedwomen

C.themajorcontributionsofeducatedwomentosociety

D.theeconomicandsocialbenefitsofeducatingwomen

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)原文首段第一句“Educatinggirlsquitepossiblyyieldsahigherrateofreturnthananyotherinvestmentavailableinthedevelopingworld.在發(fā)展中國家,為女孩提供教育保障的回報率很可能比其他任何投資都要高?!庇纱丝芍?,C選項rewarding“有回報的”符合原文。A選項troublesome“麻煩的”;B選項labor-saving“節(jié)省勞力的”;D選項expensive“昂貴的”,均不正確。

2.作者意圖題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句話“…theprophecybecomesself-fulfilling,trappingwomeninaviciouscircleofneglect.這種預言變成了自我實現(xiàn),使女性陷入被忽視的惡性循環(huán)?!边@一預言即破折號前面所提到的“Girlsarethusseenaslessvaluablethanboysandarekeptathometodohouseworkwhiletheirbrothersaresenttoschool…因此,女孩被認為不如男孩有價值,她們被關(guān)在家里做家務(wù),而她們的兄弟則被送去上學”,由此可知,選項A符合原文。

3.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容,作者通過列舉一個受過教育的母親的事例來闡述了惡性循環(huán)變成良性循環(huán)的情況。受過教育的母親不會有很多孩子,能夠顧及所有孩子的發(fā)展,確保她的女兒能夠得到公平(接受教育)的機會。因此,她女兒的教育使下一代女孩以及男孩更有可能受到良好的教育。也就是說,只有當女孩能夠獲得平等接受教育的機會才能使惡性循環(huán)變成良性循環(huán),所以選項B符合原文。

4.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)原文最后一段的第一、二句“Fewwilldisputethateducatingwomenhasgreatsocialbenefits.Butithasenormouseconomicadvantagesaswell.幾乎沒有人會質(zhì)疑女性接受教育具有巨大的社會效益。但它同樣也有巨大的經(jīng)濟優(yōu)勢?!边@一觀點和首段第一句呼應(yīng),由此可知,作者認為女性接受教育會產(chǎn)生比其他投資更大的回報。所以選項C符合原文。

5.主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容以及上一題可知,作者一直在強調(diào)女性接受教育所產(chǎn)生的回報,不僅具有巨大的社會效益,同樣也有巨大的經(jīng)濟優(yōu)勢。所以本文主要討論的是婦女接受教育所帶來的經(jīng)濟和社會利益,選項D符合原文。

3.單選題

Thecriminalhadplannedtoescapefromtheprison,buthisattemptprovedtobean().

問題1選項

A.abortion

B.accident

C.adventure

D.alarm

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。abortion"流產(chǎn),計劃(失?。?accident“事故,意外”;adventure“冒險”;alarm“警報”。前面提到罪犯試圖越獄,后面轉(zhuǎn)折詞but表明他沒有成功,因此選項A符合題意。句意:這個罪犯試圖越獄,但是他的計劃沒有成功。

4.單選題

Heanticipated______muchpleasurefromthereadingofthatwell-soldbook.

問題1選項

A.toget

B.getting

C.tohavegot

D.havinggot

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞的用法。anticipate作動詞,表示“預期,預料,預見”,后面跟的賓語通常是名詞或者動名詞,一般不接不定式作賓語,A、C兩項可排除;D項為現(xiàn)在完成時,anticipate是一般過去時,D項不符合句子時態(tài)。句意:他期待著能從那本暢銷書中得到樂趣。因此,該題選擇B項正確。

5.填空題

Manyauthorshavearguedfortheinevitabilityofwarfromthepremisethatinthestruggleforexistenceamonganimalspecies,onlythefittestsurvival.Ingeneralhowever,thisstruggleinnatureiscompetition,notconflict.

A

B

C

D

【答案】Cthefittestsurvival改為thefittestsurvive

【解析】【考查點】謂語動詞。

【解題思路】B部分到句子結(jié)尾為從句,C部分為從句的主干部分,其句型結(jié)構(gòu)為主謂,survival為名詞,survive為動詞,其意思為“生存,存活”,符合語境。

【句意】許多作家認為,在動物為生存而進行的斗爭不可避免,只有適者生存。然而,一般來說,自然界中的這種斗爭是競爭,而不是沖突。

6.單選題

Herprofessionalethicsisnowbeingquestionedsincesheoften()herreportstosuitthepeoplesheisspeakingto.

問題1選項

A.disfigures

B.deforms

C.misshapes

D.distorts

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A:disfigures“丑化”;B:deforms“使變形”;C:misshapes“變成畸形”;D:distorts“扭曲”。句意:她專業(yè)的倫理學現(xiàn)在正被質(zhì)疑,因為她經(jīng)常扭曲她的報告來迎合她交談的人。根據(jù)句意,D符合題意。

7.單選題

Thevocabularyofanytechnicaldiscussionmayincludewordswhichareneverusedoutsidethesubjectorfield().

問題1選項

A.inview

B.inquestion

C.incase

D.ineffect

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組搭配。A選項inview“已提出的;已計劃好的”;B選項inquestion“正被討論的”;C選項incase“萬一;如果”;D選項ineffect“生效;正實施中”。句意:任何專業(yè)討論的詞匯可能包括……主題或領(lǐng)域之外從來不使用的單詞。一些專業(yè)術(shù)語會在正討論著的主題或者領(lǐng)域外產(chǎn)生。句中缺少outsidethesubjectorfield一個修飾語,B選項符合句意和邏輯,故選B。

8.單選題

Square-jawed,withapastycomplexionandanathleticbutnotoverlybulked-upbuild,helookslikeamanmeanttohaveawhistlearoundhisneck.

問題1選項

A.sallow

B.vivid

C.pale

D.blushing

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項sallow“氣色不好的;灰黃色的”;B選項vivid“生動的;鮮明的;鮮艷的”;C選項pale“蒼白的;無力的;暗淡的”;D選項blushing“鮮紅的;臉紅的”。句意:他長著方下巴,臉色蒼白,體格健壯但不太結(jié)實,看起來就像脖子上掛著個口哨的人。pasty“蒼白的;面糊似的”,C選項與該詞意思最相近,因此C選項正確。

9.案例題

Inthecollege-admissionswars,weparentsarethetruefights.Wearepushingourkidstogetgoodgrades,takeSATpreparatorycoursesandbuildresumessotheycangetintothecollegeofourfirstchoice.I'vetwicebeentothewars,andasIsurveythebattlefield,somethingdifferentishappening.Weseeourkids'collegebackgroundaseprizedemonstratinghowwellwe'veraisedthem.Butwecan'tacknowledgethatourobsession(癡迷)ismoreaboutusthanthem.Sowe'vecontrivedvariousjustificationsthatturnouttobehalf-truths,prejudicesormyths.Itactuallydoesn'tmattermuchwhetherAaronandNicolegotoStanford.

Wehaveafull-blownprestigepanic;weworrythattherewon'tbeenoughprizestogoaround.Fearfulparentsurgetheirchildrentoapplytomoreschoolsthanever.Underlyingthehysteria(歇斯底里)isthebeliefthatscarceelitedegreesmustbehighlyvaluable.Theirgraduatesmustenjoymoresuccessbecausetheygetabettereducationanddevelopbettercontacts.Allthatisplausible——andmostlywrong.Wehaven'tfoundanyconvincingevidencethatselectivityorprestigematters.Selectiveschoolsdon'tsystematicallyemploybetterinstructionalapproachesthanlessselectiveschools.Ontwomeasures——professors'feedbackandthenumberofessayexams——selectiveschoolsdoslightlyworse.

Bysomestudies,selectiveschoolsdoenhancetheirgraduates'lifetimeearnings.Thegainisreckonedat2-4%forevery100-pointincreaseinaschool'saverageSATscores.Buteventhisadvantageisprobablyastatisticalfluke(偶然).Awell-knownstudyexaminedstudentswhogotintohighlyselectiveschoolsandthenwentelsewhere.Theyearnedjustasmuchasgraduatesfromhigher-statusschools.

Kidscountmorethantheircolleges.GettingintoYalemaysignifyintelligence,talentandambition.Butit'snottheonlyindicatorand,paradoxically,itssignificanceisdeclining.Thereason:somanysimilarpeoplegoelsewhere.Gettingintocollegeisnotlifeonlycompetition.Old-boynetworksarebreakingdown.PrincetoneconomistAlanKruegerstudiedadmissionstoonetopPh.D.program.HighscoresontheGREhelpedexplainwhogotin;degreesofprestigiousuniversitiesdidn't.

So,parents,lightenup.Thestakeshavebeenvastlyexaggerateduptoapoint,wecanrationalizeourpushiness.Americaisacompetitivesociety;ourkidsneedtoadjusttothat.buttoomuchpushinesscanbedestructive.TheveryambitionweimposeonourchildrenmaygetsomeintoHarvardbutmayalsosetthemupfordisappointment.Onestudyfoundthat,otherthingsbeingequal,graduatesofhighlyselectiveschoolsexperiencedmorejobdissatisfaction.Theymayhavebeensoconditionedtobeingontopthatanythinglessdisappoints.

1.Whydoestheauthorsaythatparentsarethetruefightersinthecollege-admissionswars?

A.Theyhavethefinalsayinwhichuniversitytheirchildrenaretoattend.

B.Theyknowbestwhichuniversitiesaremostsuitablefortheirchildren.

C.Theyhavetocarryoutintensivesurveysofcollegesbeforechildrenmakeanapplication.

D.Theycaremoreaboutwhichcollegetheirchildrengotothanthechildrenthemselves.

2.Whydoparentsurgetheirchildrentoapplytomoreschoolthanever?

A.theywanttoincreasetheirchildrenchancesofenteringaprestigiouscollege.

B.theyhopetheirchildrencanenterauniversitythatoffersattractivescholarships.

C.Theirchildrenallhaveawiderchoiceofwhichcollegetogoto.

D.Eliteuniversitiesnowenrollfewerstudentthantheyusedto.

3.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“kidscountmorethantheircolleges”.(Line1,para.4)?

A.Continuingeducationismoreimportanttoapersonsuccess.

B.Apersonhappinessshouldbevaluedmorethantheireducation.

C.Kidsactualabilitiesaremoreimportantthantheircollegebackground.

D.Whatkidslearnatcollegecannotkeepupwithjobmarketrequirements.

4.WhatdoesKruegerstudytellus?

A.GettingintoPh.D.programsmaybemorecompetitivethangettingintocollege.

B.Degreesofprestigiousuniversitiesdoesnotguaranteeentrytograduateprograms.

C.GraduatesfromprestigiousuniversitiesdoesnotcaremuchabouttheirGREscores.

D.Connectionsbuiltinprestigiousuniversitiesmaybesustainedlongaftergraduation.

5.Onepossibleresultofpushingchildrenintoeliteuniversitiesisthat(

).

A.theyearnlessthantheirpeersfromotherinstitutions

B.theyturnouttobelesscompetitiveinthejobmarket

C.theyexperiencemorejobdissatisfactionaftergraduation

D.theyoveremphasizetheirqualificationsinjobapplication

【答案】1.D

2.A

3.C

4.B

5.C

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容“Weseeourkids'collegebackgroundaseprizedemonstratinghowwellwe'veraisedthem.Butwecan'tacknowledgethatourobsessionismoreaboutusthanthem.”我們把子女的教育背景當成是一種獎品,展示我們?nèi)绾纬晒Φ仞B(yǎng)育了他們。但卻不承認我們對此的癡迷與其說是為了他們,不如說是為了我們自己。選項D符合原文。

2.

根據(jù)第二段的第一句“Wehaveafull-blownprestigepanic;weworrythattherewon'tbeenoughprizestogoaround.Fearfulparentsurgetheirchildrentoapplytomoreschoolsthanever.”我們對名聲有著極度的恐慌,我們擔心孩子無法接受較好的高等教育。由此可知,選項A符合原文。

3.count意為"重要,有價值"。根據(jù)第四段的內(nèi)容可知,進入知名大學并不是唯一的指標,知名大學的學歷也并不能幫助學生進入博士學習。這些說明了孩子本身的能力比他們學習的學校更重要。選項C正確。

4.

根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“Krueger”定位到第四段的最后兩句“...HighscoresontheGREhelpedexplainwhogotin;degreesofprestigiousuniversitiesdidn't.”GRE的高分有助于決定誰能繼續(xù)博士學習,而知名大學的學歷不能做到這一點。選項B知名大學的學歷并不能保證能繼續(xù)學習與原文相符,正確。

5.

根據(jù)最后一段的后半部分“Onestudyfoundthat,otherthingsbeingequal,graduatesofhighlyselectiveschoolsexperiencedmorejobdissatisfaction.”選項C符合原文。

10.寫作題

Directions:Itisfoundthatmanystudentstodaysimply"cutandpaste"informationfromtheInternetwhentheydotheirassignments.Whatcanbedonetostopthis?Pleasewriteanessayofabout300wordsonthisissue.Youshouldalsogiveyouressayapropertitleonthebasisofyoursuggestion(s).Writetheessayontheanswersheet2only.

【答案】TeachersandStudentsShouldUnite11.單選題

Anestheticsaresubstances()todeadenpainorproduceaconditioninwhichsomeorallofthesenses,especiallytouch,stopfunctioningorarereduced.

問題1選項

A.diverted

B.enforced

C.exercised

D.administered

【答案】D

【解析】動詞辨析題。divert"轉(zhuǎn)移";enforce"實施,執(zhí)行",常指法律的實施;exercise"運動,練習";administer"管理,作為治療或藥物使用"。句意:麻醉藥是一種用來鎮(zhèn)痛的物質(zhì),或者使部分或全部感覺,尤其是觸覺,停止運行,或降低運行。administer可以用來指藥物的實施。所以選項D正確。

12.單選題

Ididn’tlistentoMomandIwasnotsurprisedatthelookof()onherface.

問題1選項

A.indifference

B.compliment

C.negligence

D.reproach

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項indifference“漠不關(guān)心;不重視;中立”;B選項compliment“恭維;稱贊;問候”;C選項negligence“疏忽;忽視”;D選項reproach“責備;責罵”。句意:我沒有聽媽媽的話,看到她臉上責備的表情,我并不感到驚訝。題干中說到“Ididn’tlistentoMom我沒有聽媽媽的話”,而“責備”符合語境,因此D選項正確。

13.單選題

Mymotherlikestohaveherhair______.

問題1選項

A.cured

B.carved

C.circled

D.curled

【答案】D

【解析】考查形近詞辨析。A項cured“熏制的,風干的”,B項carved“有雕刻的”,C項circled“包圍的,圓圈的”,D項curled“卷曲的,鬈發(fā)的”。根據(jù)句子關(guān)鍵詞hair“頭發(fā)”可知,空格處填入D項符合語境。句意:我媽媽喜歡把頭發(fā)卷起來。因此,該題選擇D項正確。

14.翻譯題

Theaveragepersonseestensofthousandsofimagesaday--imagesontelevision,innewspapersandmagazines,andonthesidesofbuses.ImagesalsogracesodacansandT-shirts,andInternetsearchenginescaninstantlyprocureimagesforanywordyoutype.Today,anyonewithadigitcameraandaPCcanproduceandalteranimage.Asaresult,thepoweroftheimagehasbeendilutedinonesense,butstrengthenedinanother.Ithasbeendilutebytheubiquityofimagesandthemanypopulartechnologiesthatgivealmosteveryonethepowertocreate,distort,andtransitimages.Butithasbeenstrengthenedbythegradualsurrenderoftheprintedwordtopictures.

Weloveimagesandthedemocratizingpoweroftechnologiesthatgiveusthecapabilitytomakeandmanipulateimages.Whatwearelesseagertoconsiderarebroaderculturaleffectsofasocietydevotedtotheimage.Historianshaveexploredthestoryofmankind’smovementfromanoral-basedculturetoawrittenculture,andlatertoaprintedone.Butinthepastseveraldecades,wehavebeguntomovefromaculturebasedontheprintedwordtoonebasedlargelyonimages.Inmakingimagesratherthantextsourguide,areweopeningupnewvistasforunderstandingandexpression,creatinganewformofcommunicationthatis“betterthanprint,”assomescholarshaveargued?Orarewemerelymakingapeculiarandunwelcomereturntoformsofcommunicationonceascendantinpreliteratesocieties?Twothingsinparticularareatstakeinourcontemporaryconfrontationwithanimage-basedculture.First,technologyhasconsiderablyunderminedourabilitytotrustwhatwesee,yetwehavenotadequatelygrappledwiththeeffectsofthisonournotionsoftruth.Second,ifweareindeedmovingfromtheeraoftheprintedwordtoaneradominatedbytheimage,whatimpactwillthishaveonculture?

【答案】普通人每天會在電視上、報紙上、雜志上和公交車上看到成千上萬的圖像。汽水罐和T恤上也有圖像,互聯(lián)網(wǎng)搜索引擎可以立即為你輸入的任何單詞獲取圖像。今天,任何人只要有一臺數(shù)碼相機和一臺電腦就可以制作和修改圖像。因此,形象的力量在某種意義上被稀釋了,但在另一種意義上被加強了。它已經(jīng)被無處不在的圖像和許多流行的技術(shù)沖淡了,這些技術(shù)幾乎給了每個人創(chuàng)造、扭曲和傳送圖像的能力。但印刷文字逐漸向圖片屈服,使其更加強大。

我們喜歡圖像,也喜歡技術(shù)的民主化,它讓我們有能力制作和處理圖像。我們不太愿意考慮的是一個致力于這一形象的社會所產(chǎn)生的更廣泛的文化影響。歷史學家探索了人類從口述文化到書面文化,再到印刷文化的發(fā)展歷程。但在過去的幾十年里,我們已經(jīng)開始從一種基于印刷文字的文化轉(zhuǎn)向一種主要基于圖像的文化。讓圖像而非文本成為我們的向?qū)?,我們是否為理解和表達開辟了新的前景,創(chuàng)造了一種正如一些學者所說的“比印刷更好”的交流新形式?或者,我們僅僅是在以一種奇特的、不受歡迎的方式回歸到曾經(jīng)在文字出現(xiàn)前的社會中盛行的交流方式?在我們當代與以形象為基礎(chǔ)的文化的對抗中,尤其有兩件事會處于危險之中。首先,技術(shù)大大削弱了我們相信所見事物的能力,但我們還沒有充分應(yīng)對這對我們的真理觀念所產(chǎn)生的影響。第二,如果我們真的從印刷文字的時代進入了一個以圖像為主導的時代,這將對文化產(chǎn)生怎樣的影響?

15.單選題

Whenproductsmadeinfactories(),theyarethrownawayasgarbage.

問題1選項

A.cometoanend

B.areputtouse

C.areusedup

D.wearout

【答案】D

【解析】考查短語辨析。A選項cometoanend“結(jié)束”;B選項areputtouse“使用,利用”;C選項areusedup“用完,用盡”;D選項wearout“磨損,耗盡,穿破”。句意:當工廠生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品用壞了,就會作為垃圾扔掉。選項D最符合語境。

16.單選題

Heknewat()levelthathewasguilty.

問題1選項

A.Spirit

B.gut

C.soul

D.eye

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項spirit“精神,心靈,情緒,志氣,烈酒”,專指人的內(nèi)在品質(zhì)、意志和精神或者某事物的主要目的、含義、代表的精神;B選項gut“勇氣,膽量,腸子”;C選項soul“靈魂,心靈,精神,鬼魂”;D選項eye“眼睛,視力,眼光,見解,觀點”。句意:他知道他在精神上是有罪的。因此A選項正確。

17.單選題

TheartsandCraftmovementintheUnitedStatesareresponsiblefor()changeinattitudestowardthedecorativearts,thenconsideredtheminororhouseholdarts.

問題1選項

A.smashing

B.sleeping

C.sweeping

D.switching

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。smashing“極好的,猛烈的”;sleeping“睡著的”;sweeping“影響廣泛的,規(guī)模大的”;switching“開關(guān),動詞的-ing形式”。句意:美國的藝術(shù)和工藝運動使人們對裝飾藝術(shù)的態(tài)度發(fā)生了翻天覆地的變化,它考慮到低層次的藝術(shù)或家庭藝術(shù)。選項C符合題意。

18.單選題

Academicintegrityisdeemedessentialtothosedevotedtoscientificresearches.

問題1選項

A.believed

B.discarded

C.advocated

D.confirmed

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。deem表示“認為,相信”,bedeemedto表示“被認為”;A項believe“相信,信任”,B項discard“拋棄,放棄”,C項advocate“提倡,擁護”,D項confirm“確認,證實”。句意:學術(shù)誠信對于那些致力于科學研究的人來說是至關(guān)重要的。根據(jù)句意可知A項正確。

19.單選題

Desertplants(

)twocategoriesaccordingtothewaytheydealwiththeproblemofsurvivingdrought.

問題1選項

A.breakdown

B.fallinto

C.differin

D.referto

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。breakdown“分解,發(fā)生故障”;fallinto“落入,分成”;differin“在……方面存在不同”;referto“參考,涉及”。句意:沙漠中的植物根據(jù)其在干旱中的生活方式可以分為兩鐘。選項B符合題意。

20.單選題

Justinwasalwaysprepared.Hismottowas“Neverthrowanythingout:youneverknowwhenitmightcomeinhandy”.Hisbedroomwassofullofflatbicycletires,benttennisrackets.Deflatedbasketballs,andgameswithmissingpiecesthatyoucouldbarelygetinthedoor.Hisparentspleadedwithhimtocleanouthisroom.

“Whatuseisafishtankwithaholeinthebottom?”hisfatherasked.ButJustinsimplysmiledandrepeatedhismotto,“Neverthrowanythingout,youneverknowwhenitmightcomeinhandy.”

WhenJustinwasawayfromhome,healwayscarriedhisbluebackpack.Helikedtothinkofitasasmallerversionofhisbedroom-aplacetostorethemanyobjectsthathecollected.Itwassowornandstretchedthatithardlyresembledabackpackanymore.Itwasfullofthekindofthingsthatseemedunimportant,butwhenusedwithalittleimagination,mightcomeinhandy.

Justinhadearnedareputationforfiguringthingsoutandgettingpeopleoutofotherwisehopelesssituations.Manyofhisclassmatesandneighborssoughthimoutwhentheyneededhelpwithaproblem.Onthefirstdayofschool,hisfriendKenny,camelookingforJustin.

“Doyouthinkyouhavesomethinginyourbagthatcouldhelpmeremembermylockercombination?”heasked.“Ilostthescrapofpaperitwaswrittenon.IhavescienceclassintwominutesandifI’mlateonthefirstdayit’llmakemelookbadfortherestoftheyear.”Kennylookedgenuinelyworried.

“Relax”,Justinsaid,takinghisbackpackoffandunzippingthetop.“Rememberhowyouborrowedmynotebookinhomeroomtowritethecombinationdown?Well.Iknowhowwecanrecoverwhatyouwrote.”

Hetookthenotebookandasoftleadpenciloutofhisbag.ThepagethatKennyhadwrittenonhadleftfaintindentationsonanotherpageinthenotebook.Justinheldthepencilonitssideandrubbeditlightlyovertheindentations.Slowlybutsurelythenumbersofthelockercombinationappearedinwhite,setoffbythegraypencilrubbings.

“That’samazing!”Kennysaid.“Ioweyouone.”Andhedashedofftoopenhislocker.

1.WhyisJustin’sroomsuchamess?

2.Theword“pleaded”inParagraph1canbestbereplaceby

).

3.InwhatwayisJustin’sbackpackasmallerversionofhisbedroom?

4.HowdoesJustinhelphisfriends?

5.HowcomeJustincouldhelpKennyrecoverhislockercombination?

問題1選項

A.Healwaysforgetstoclean.

B.Heneverthrowsanythingaway.

C.Hehasnotimetoclean.

D.Hesharesaroomwithhisbrother.

問題2選項

A.ignored

B.asked

C.pushed

D.begged

問題3選項

A.Heusesitasaplacetostoreobjects.

B.Heusesittocarryhisbooksandsportsequipment.

C.Hisparentstellhimtocleanitallthetime.

D.He’shadforaslongashecanremember.

問題4選項

A.Heoffersthemadvices.

B.Heloansthemhisbackpack.

C.Helistenstotheirproblem.

D.Heusedtheobjectsinhisbackpack.

問題5選項

A.JustinrememberedKenny’slockercombination.

B.KennyhadleftthescrapofpaperinJustin’sbackpack.

C.KennyhadleftindentationsofthecombinationonJustin’snotebook.

D.Justinfoundthescrapofpaperthelockercombinationwaswrittenon.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。問:為什么Justin的房間很亂,定位到文章第一段第二句Hismottowas“Neverthrowanythingout,youneverknowwhenitmightcomeinhandy”.Hisbedroomwassofullof…(他的座右銘是“永遠不要扔掉任何東西,你永遠不知道它什么時候會派上用場”。他的臥室里滿是……)可知原因是B“他從不扔掉任何東西”。A項“他總是忘記打掃”,C項“沒有時間打掃”,D項“他和他弟弟共享一個房間”,文中均未體現(xiàn)。

2.語義推測題。plead“懇求,乞求”;只有D項“懇求,乞求”與之意思相同,此外根據(jù)文章第一段所講內(nèi)容,可以知道他的父母是懇求他清理房間,所以此處的pleaded可以用begged代替。A項“忽視”;B項“詢問;請求”;C項“推”均不符合。

3.細節(jié)事實題。題目問題:Justin的背包以何種方式被看作是房間的縮小版。定位到文章第三段第二句Helikedtothinkofitasasmallerversionofhisbedroom-aplacetostorethemanyobjectsthathecollected.(他喜歡把它想象成臥室的縮小版——一個存放他收集的許多物品的地方)可知答案為A“他把它當作存放物品的地方”。B項“他用它來裝書和運動器材”,文章未提及;C項“他父母叫他一直打掃”和D項“從他記事起他就一直帶著這個”,均不符合題意。

4.細節(jié)事實題。問題:Justin是怎樣幫助他的朋友的。定位到文章第七段第一句“Hetookthenotebookandasoftleadpenciloutofhisbag…”(他從包里拿出筆記本和一支軟鉛筆……)可知他是用他包里的一些東西來幫助他的朋友,因此D“他用了包里的東西”為正確答案。A項“他給了建議”和B項“他把他的包借給了他們”,文中并未提及;C項“他傾聽了他們的問題”,文中他不僅僅傾聽了他們的問題,而且用行動幫助了他們,故C項錯誤。

5.細節(jié)事實題。定位到文章倒數(shù)第二段最后三句ThepagethatKennyhadwrittenonhadleftfaintindentationsonanotherpageinthenotebook…Slowlybutsurelythenumbersofthelockercombinationappearedinwhite…(Kenny寫的那一頁在筆記本的另一頁上留下了模糊的凹痕……儲物柜組合的數(shù)字慢慢地但肯定地以白色出現(xiàn))可知答案為C“肯尼在賈斯汀的筆記本上留下了這個組合的凹痕”。A項“賈斯汀記得肯尼的儲物柜密碼組合”,B項“肯尼把紙片留在了賈斯汀的背包里”,D項“賈斯汀找到了寫著儲物柜密碼的紙片”,均不符合文意。

21.單選題

()asplanneddependsontheweather.

問題1選項

A.We'llgoontheexcursion

B.Thatwe'llgoontheexcursion

C.Howwe'llgoontheexcursion

D.Whetherwe'llgoontheexcursion

【答案】D

【解析】考查主語從句。原句表示,我們是否能按計劃出去郊游取決于天氣。因此本題正確答案為D選項。

22.單選題

Thesnowseemstohaveset()fortheevening.

問題1選項

A.upon

B.in

C.about

D.down

【答案】B

【解析】考查短語辨析。A選項setupon“襲擊;挑撥,唆使;開始”;B選項setin“開端;來臨;到來”;Csetabout選項“開始著手;考慮”;D選項setdown“放下;記下;登記;寫下”。句意:晚上似乎要下雪了。因此B選

溫馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有資源如無特殊說明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
  • 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權(quán)益歸上傳用戶所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網(wǎng)頁內(nèi)容里面會有圖紙預覽,若沒有圖紙預覽就沒有圖紙。
  • 4. 未經(jīng)權(quán)益所有人同意不得將文件中的內(nèi)容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文庫網(wǎng)僅提供信息存儲空間,僅對用戶上傳內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護處理,對用戶上傳分享的文檔內(nèi)容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對任何下載內(nèi)容負責。
  • 6. 下載文件中如有侵權(quán)或不適當內(nèi)容,請與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
  • 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準確性、安全性和完整性, 同時也不承擔用戶因使用這些下載資源對自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。

評論

0/150

提交評論