考研考博-英語-中國計量大學(xué)現(xiàn)代科技學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-中國計量大學(xué)現(xiàn)代科技學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Asjournalismbecomesmoreandmorecompetitive,allofus-whetherinbroadcastnewsorinprint(somemaywanttoarguethatthisistruemoreofbroadcastnews,andIperhapswouldn’twanttodebatethat)-arefallingbackonthetriedandtruelocalnewsformulas.Wehave,byandlargeacceptedthepropositionthatpeopledon'tcareaboutforeignnews,don'treallycaremuchabouthardnews-atall-that"feel-goodnews,entertainment,“info-tainment”，features,andgossipsellbetterthananythingseriousandcertainlysellbetterthananythingtoodisturbing.

Ibelievethatkindoftalkiswrong.Ibelievethatkindoftalkisdangerous.And1knowthatkindoftalkhasnothingtodowithleadershipandpublicservice.Usingpublicopinionpolls,focusgroups,andothermarketresearchtechniquesinalimitedroleasinformationaltoolsisonething:usingthemasanexcusetoduckourresponsibilitytothepublictrustisquiteanother.Andforjournaliststobecomeslavestomarketresearch-likethepoliticiansbeforeus-is,Isubmit,mostdangerousofall.Wherearethepublishers,editors,andreportersofgrit,gumption,andguts?Wherearetheoneswhowillfollowtheirconscienceoreventheir“nosefornews”insteadofthepublicopinionpolls?HarryTrumanoncesaidthat,ifMosesbadtakenapublicopinionpoll,hewouldneverleftEgypt.

Ofcourse.Thereisonespecialproblemforthoseofuswhoearn,ourlivingreportingthenewsthatothersmake.Leadershiprequiresdefiniteopinionsonwhichcoursetotake,whatpathtofollow;butthoseofusinthemainstreammediaaretrainedtosetouropinionsasideasfarashumanlypossible.Wetrytokeepopenminds;byandlarge,wearen'tjoiners.Weknow(oftenbetterthanwe’regivencreditfor)thatwedon’thaveanysecretformulasforansweringtheimportantquestions.Sowecanjustifiablyask:“Howarewetolead?”Iknowthatweinthemediaare.GeorgeBernardShawonceobservedthatnewspapersareunabletodistinguishbetweenabicycleaccidentandthecollapseofcivilization.Forus,leadershipshouldbethewillingnesstodistinguishbetweenwhat’smerelyinterestingandwhat’svitallyimportant.

Now,whensomeonesaysthatsomestoriesaremoreimportantthanothers,heorsheisoftenlabeledanelitist,someone,whojustdoesn'tunderstandwhat“realpeople’’careabout.Thisis,ofcourse,thefamiliardefensefortrashtelevisionandtrashtabloids.Andit'salsothereasongivenforreducingforeignnewscoverageaswellascoveragepoliticalcampaigns.Therearealotofpeopleinthebusinesswhosay“realpeoplewon’tcareunlessitbleedsorbums.Therearealotofdoctorsandmarketresearchersouttherewhoinsistthat"realpeople”don'tcaremuchwhathappensintherestoftheworld-theywantthewordsAmericanandtheUnitedStatesplasteredallovertheirnewslikeflagscrowdingacampaignplatform.

1.Whichofthefollowingwordscansubstituteduckinthesecondparagraph?

2.WhatdidHarryTrumanmeanbysayingthat“ifMoseshadtakenapublicopinionpoll,hewouldneverhaveleftEgypt?’’

3.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

4.Thetoneofthepassageis（）.

5.Accordingtothewriter,themediashould（）.

問題1選項

A.shoulder

B.assume

C.dodge

D.confront

問題2選項

A.MosesdidnotwanttoleaveEgypt,buthewasforcedto.

B.Mosesshouldhavetakenapublicopinionpollbeforehemadethedecision.

C.MosesleftEgyptbecausehedidnottakeapublicopinionpoll.

D.Anyonewhowantstodosomethinggreatshallactresolutely.

問題3選項

A.IntheU.S.,localnewshadawidercoveragethanforeignnews.

B.Localnewsismoreseriousthanforeignnews.

C.“Realpeople”favorforeignnewsoverlocalnews.

D.ForeignnewsisforbiddenintheU.S.

問題4選項

A.commanding

B.critical

C.ironical

D.appreciative

問題5選項

A.reportwhatthe"realpeople'like

B.basetheirdecisionsonthepublicopinion

C.havetheirownjudgmentinwhatistobebroadcast

D.learnfromthepoliticiansinmakingstrategies

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.詞義題。Usingpublicopinionpolls,focusgroups,andothermarketresearchtechniquesinalimitedroleasinformationaltoolsisonething:usingthemasanexcusetoduckourresponsibilitytothepublictrustisquiteanother.利用民意調(diào)查、焦點小組和其他市場調(diào)查技術(shù)作為有限的信息工具是一回事，利用它們作為借口（）我們對公眾的責(zé)任是另一回事。由借口可推測出是逃避對公眾的責(zé)任。故C項正確。

2.語義題。HarryTrumanoncesaidthat,ifMosesbadtakenapublicopinionpoll,hewouldneverleftEgypt.哈里?杜魯門曾經(jīng)說過，如果摩西?巴特過去做了民意調(diào)查，他就不會離開埃及。由此可知摩西巴特過去沒做過民意調(diào)查，并且他已經(jīng)離開了埃及。故C項正確。

3.細節(jié)事實題。由第一段“Asjournalismbecomesmoreandmorecompetitive,allofus-whetherinbroadcastnewsorinprint(somemaywanttoarguethatthisistruemoreofbroadcastnews,andIperhapswouldn’twanttodebatethat)-arefallingbackonthetriedandtruelocalnewsformulas.隨著新聞變得越來越有競爭力,我們所有人——無論是在廣播新聞或已出版的新聞(有些可能會認為這是正確的廣播新聞,我也許不想辯論)——回落在嘗試和真正的本地新聞公式。由此可知在美國，人們更關(guān)注當(dāng)?shù)匦侣?。故A項正確。

4.觀點態(tài)度題。本文第二三四段所提到的內(nèi)容都帶有作者的評論。故本篇文章的口吻是評論性的。B項正確。

5.判斷推理題。由第二段“Andforjournaliststobecomeslavestomarketresearch-likethepoliticiansbeforeus-is,Isubmit,mostdangerousofall.Wherearethepublishers,editors,andreportersofgrit,gumption,andguts?Wherearetheoneswhowillfollowtheirconscienceoreventheir“nosefornews”insteadofthepublicopinionpolls?我認為，記者成為市場研究的奴隸——就像我們之前的政客一樣——是最危險的。那些關(guān)于勇氣、進取心和膽量的出版商、編輯和記者在哪里?那些憑良心、甚至憑嗅覺而不是憑民意來判斷新聞的人在哪里？”可知作者認為記者應(yīng)該有自己的判斷力，而不是聽信民意調(diào)查。故C項正確。

2.單選題

Thisistheseventhyear___thatthey’vewonthecup.

問題1選項

A.insubstance

B.insuccession

C.insuspension

D.insequence

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項insubstance“實質(zhì)上；基本上；事實上”；B選項“接連地；連續(xù)地”；C選項insuspension“懸浮中”；D選項insequence“依次；逐一”。句意：這是他們___第七年獲得冠軍。本句表達“連續(xù)第七年”，因此B選項正確。

3.翻譯題

PassageOne

AcapsulehotelisatypeofhotelinJapanwithalargenumberofextremelysmall“rooms”.

Theguestspaceisreducedinsizetoamodularplasticorfiberglassblockroughly2mby1mby1.25m,providingroomtosleep.Facilitiesrangeinentertainmentofferings(mostincludeatelevision,anelectronicconsole,andwirelessinternetconnection).

Thesecapsulesarestackedsidebysideandtwounitstoptobottom,withstepsprovidingaccesstothesecondlevelrooms.Luggageisstoredinalocker,usuallysomewhereoutsideofthehotel.Washroomsarecommunalandmosthotelsincluderestaurants(oratleastvendingmachines),pools,andotherentertainmentfacilities.Thebenefitofthesehotelsisconvenienceandprice,usuallyaround$21-42anight.

Manycapsulesareusedprimarilybymen.Others(especiallyonweekdays)areoftentooinebriatedtosafelytraveltotheirhomes,ortooembarrassedtofacetheirspouseswhentheyareunemployedorunderemployed.

PassageTwo

Youthisnotatimeoflife.Itisastateofmind;itisnotamatterofrosycheeks,redlipsandsuppleknees;itisamatterofthewill,aqualityoftheimagination,avigoroftheemotions;itisthefreshnessofthedeepspringsoflife.

Youthmeansatemperamentalpredominanceofcourageovertimidity,oftheappetiteforadventureovertheloveofease.Thisisoftenexistsinamanof60morethanaboyof20.Nobodygrowsoldmerelybyanumberofyears.Wegrowoldbydesertingourideals.

Yearsmaywrinkletheskin,buttogiveupenthusiasmwrinklesthesoul.Worry,fear,self-distrustbowtheheartandturnthespiritbacktodust.

Whether60or16,thereisineveryhumanbeing’sheartthelureofwonder,theunfailingchildlikeappetiteofwhat’snextandthejoyofthegameofliving.Inthecenterofyourheartandmyheartthereisawirelessstation;solongasitreceivesmessagesofbeauty,hope,cheer,courageandpowerfrommenandfromtheinfinite,youandIwillremainyoung.

Whentheaerialsaredown,andyourspiritiscoveredwithsnowsofcynicismandtheiceofpessimism,thenyouaregrownold,evenat20,butaslongasyouraerialsareuptocatchwavesofoptimism,thereishopeyoumayhaveayoungheartat80.

【答案】PassageOne

【參考譯文】

膠囊旅館是日本一種有許多極小“房間”的旅館。

客人用來睡覺的空間被縮小為大約2米×1米×1.25米的組合式的塑料或玻璃纖維間。設(shè)施包括娛樂設(shè)備（大多數(shù)包括電視、電子控制臺和無線網(wǎng)連接）。

這些膠囊房間并排堆放，分上下兩層，有臺階通往第二層。行李通常放在旅館房間外的儲物柜里。洗手間是公用的，大多數(shù)旅館都有餐廳(或至少有自動售貨機)、游泳池和其他娛樂設(shè)施。這些旅館的好處是方便和低價，通常每晚大概21到42美元。

許多膠囊房間主要為男性使用。還有一些人(尤其是在工作日)常常是因為喝得太醉而無法安全回家，或者是因為沒有工作或者只有部分時間被雇傭而羞于回家面對配偶。

PassageTwo

【參考譯文】

青春不是人生的一個階段。青春是一種心態(tài)；青春不是桃面、丹唇、柔膝；青春是一種意志，是豐富的想象，是熾熱的情感；青春是生命深泉的涌流。

青春意味著在性格上勇敢戰(zhàn)勝懦弱；意味著對冒險的渴望超過對安逸的生活熱愛。相較于20歲的青年，它更常見于80歲的老者。沒有人僅僅因為歲月的流逝就變老，只是因放棄理想而老去。

歲月也許會使肌膚老去，但喪失激情，定會使靈魂枯萎。憂慮、惶恐、沒有自信，會使心靈扭曲，意氣如灰。

無論是60歲還是16歲，每個人的心中都有好奇，都有孩童般對未來的渴望，都有源自生活這場游戲的歡樂。在你我的心底，都有一根天線；只要你從天上人間接受美好、希望、歡樂、勇氣和力量的信號，你我就青春永駐。

一旦天線倒塌，志氣被玩世不恭的霜雪和悲觀厭世的冰層覆蓋，就算才20歲，你也老了；但只要你的天線保持捕捉樂觀的信號，即使到了80歲，你也有希望擁有一顆年輕的心。

4.單選題

Einstein’stheoryofrelativityseemedhardtobelieveatthetime______.

問題1選項

A.thathefirstintroducedit

B.whenhefirstintroduced

C.hefirstintroduced

D.whichhefirstintroducedit

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.thathefirstintroducedit他第一次介紹它B.whenhefirstintroduced他第一次介紹

C.hefirstintroduced他第一次介紹D.whichhefirstintroducedit他第一次介紹它

【考查點】定語從句。

【解題思路】分析句子可知，atthetime（在那時）為句子的時間狀語從句，句意是“愛因斯坦的相對論在當(dāng)時似乎難以置信”，空格處為定語從句修飾atthetime，引導(dǎo)詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)時間狀語，所以從句主謂賓必須完整，故該題選擇A項。

【干擾項排除】

B、C項缺少賓語it；

D項which應(yīng)該改為atwhich。

【句意】當(dāng)愛因斯坦第一次提出相對論時，他的理論似乎難以置信。

5.翻譯題

ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslateitintoChinese.

Rationally,weknowthatreadingisthefoundationstoneofalleducation,andthereforeanessentialunderpinningoftheknowledgeeconomy.Soreadingis-orshouldbe—anaspectofpublicpolicy.Butperhapsevenmoresignificantisitsemotionalroleasthestartingpointforindividualvoyagesofpersonaldevelopmentandpleasure.Bookscanhelpcreateandreinforceoursenseofself.

Ifreadingweretodeclinesignificantly,itwouldchangetheverynatureofourspecies.Ifwe,inthefuture,arenolongerwiredforsolitaryreflectionandcreativethought,wewillbediminished.Technologythrowsupasmanysolutionsasitdoeschallenges:foreverydooritcloses,anotheropens.Sotheability,offeredbydeviceslikee-readers,smartphonesandtablets,tocarryanentirelibraryinyourhandisanamazingopportunity.

【答案】從理性角度來講，我們知道閱讀是一切教育的基石，因此是知識經(jīng)濟的基本支撐。所以閱讀是——或者應(yīng)當(dāng)是——公共政策的一個方面。但也許更重要的是它作為個人發(fā)展和快樂之旅的起點的情感作用。書籍可以幫助創(chuàng)造和加強我們的自我意識。

如果閱讀能力顯著下降，人類的天性也會發(fā)生變化。如果我們將來不再被自我反思和創(chuàng)造性的思想所束縛，我們將會逐漸消失。技術(shù)提出的解決方案與挑戰(zhàn)一樣多：每關(guān)上一扇門，另一扇門就會打開。因此，由閱讀器、智能手機和平板電腦等設(shè)備提供的功能，可以實現(xiàn)將整個圖書館放在手中的絕好機會。

6.單選題

Fordecades,armscontroltalkscenteredonnuclearweapons.Thisishardlysurprising,sinceasinglenuclearbombcandestroyanentire,city.Yet,unlikesmallerarms,theseimmenselypowerfulweaponshavenotbeenusedinwarinover50years.

RespectedmilitaryhistorianJohnKeeganwrites:“Nuclearweaponshave,sinceAugust9,1945,killednoone.The50,000,000whohavediedinwarsincethatdatehaveforthemostpart,beenkilledbycheap,mass-producedweaponsandsmallammunition,costinglittlemorethanthetransistorradiosanddry-cellbatterieswhichhavefloodedtheworldinthesameperiod.Becausesmallweaponshavedisruptedlifeverylittleintheadvancedworld,outsidetherestrictedlocalitieswheredrug-dealingandpoliticalterrorismflourish,thepopulationsoftherichstateshavebeenslowtorecognizethehorrorthatthispollutionhasbroughtinitstrain.”

Nooneknowspreciselyhowmanysmallarmsandlightweaponsareincirculation,butexpertsestimatethatmilitary-stylefirearmsmaynumberabout500million.Inaddition,tensofmillionsofcivilian-typeriflesandpistolsareownedbyprivatecitizens.Whatismore,newweaponsareproducedandfedintothemarketeachyear:

Whyhavesmallarmsbecometheweaponsofchoiceinrecentwars?Partofthereasonliesintherelationshipbetweenconflictandpoverty.Mostofthewarsfoughtduringthe1990’stookplaceincountriesthatarepoor—toopoortobuysophisticatedweaponsystems.Smallarmsandlightweaponsareabargain.Forexample,50milliondollars,whichisapproximatelythecostofasinglemodernjetfighter,canequipanarmywith200,000assaultrifles.

Anotherreasonwhysmallweaponsaresopopularisthattheyarelethal.Asinglerapid-fireassaultriflecanfirehundredsofroundsaminute.Theyarealsoeasytouseandmaintain.Achildoftencanbetaughttostripandreassembleatypicalassaultrifle.Achildcanalsoquicklylearntoaimandfirethatrifleintoacrowdofpeople.

Theglobaltrafficingunsiscomplex.Hugesuppliesofgunspasslegallyfromnationtonation.AftertheColdWar,armiesinboththeEastandtheWestwerereduced,andgovernmentsgaveorsoldexcessequipmenttofriendsandallies.Accordingtoanestimatesince1995theUnitedStatesalonehasgivenawaymorethan800,000rifles,pistols,machineguns,andgrenadelaunchers.Itisreasonedthatgivingweaponsawayischeaperthandismantlingorstoringandguardingthem.

Theillegaltrade,however,maybemuchlarger.Black-marketweaponsusuallyhavetobepurchased.InsomeAfricanwars,paramilitarygroupshaveboughthundredsofmillionsofdollars’worthofsmallarmsandlightweapons,notwithmoney,butwithdiamondsseizedfromdiamond-miningareas.

Weaponsarealsolinkedtotheillegaltradeindrugs.Itisnotunusualforcriminalorganizationstousethesameroutestosmuggledrugsinonedirectionastheyuseexchangetosmugglegunsintheother.

1.Itisimpliedinthepassagethat____________.

2.Allofthefollowingarethereasonswhysmallarmshavebecomethechoiceinrecentwarsexcept____________.

3.WhydidUSgovernmentgiveawayalargenumberofsmallarms?

4.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat____________.

5.Thebesttitleforthispassageisprobably____________.

問題1選項

A.smallarmscontrolisevenmoreimportantthannucleararms-control

B.itishardlysurprisingthatthenucleararms-controltalkshavenotreachedanagreement

C.nuclearweapons’powertokillpeoplehasbeenexaggerated

D.nuclearweaponsarenotaspowerfulassmallweapons

問題2選項

A.smallarmsarecheap

B.Smallarmsarepowerfulantipersonnelweapons

C.smallarmsareeasiertouse

D.smallarmsareeasiertoget

問題3選項

A.Becauseitwantstoarmtheirfriendsandallies.

B.Becauseitislessexpensivethankeepingthem.

C.Becauseitwantstosavetheresources.

D.Becauseitisbettertostoreandguardtheminothercountries.

問題4選項

A.smallarmsarenotexpensiveintheblack-market

B.itisunfairtoexchangesmallarmsfordiamond

C.criminalsusethesamepassagetosmuggledrugsandsmallarms

D.wheretherearedrugs,therearesmallarms

問題5選項

A.SmallArmsTalks,NotNuclearArmsTalks

B.NeglectofSmallArmsControl

C.GlobalTrafficinSmallArms

D.SmallArms,BigProblems

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.推理判斷題。文章第一段對人們對于核武器與小型武器的重視程度和各自使用頻率進行對比，第二段對比兩種武器傷害的人的數(shù)量，可知這篇文章想要人們更重視小型武器，所以A選項“小型軍備控制甚至比核軍備控制更重要”正確，C選項“核武器殺傷力被夸大”和D選項“核武器不如小型武器強大”不是表達的重點，故錯誤。B選項“核軍備控制談判沒有達成協(xié)議不足為奇”：文章沒有涉及，故錯誤。因此A選項正確。

2.事實細節(jié)題。A選項“小型武器很便宜”：根據(jù)第四段第四句Smallarmsandlightweaponsareabargain（小武器和輕武器很便宜。），所以便宜是小型武器運用在近年戰(zhàn)爭的原因，故A選項錯誤。B選項“小型武器殺傷性強”：根據(jù)第五段第一句Anotherreasonwhysmallweaponsaresopopularisthattheyarelethal.（小型武器如此流行的另一個原因是它們的是致命性。），故B選項錯誤。所以C選項“小型武器使用更容易”：Theyarealsoeasytouseandmaintain.（它們也易于使用和維護。），故C選項錯誤。D選項“小型武器更容易買到”：根據(jù)第六段第一句Theglobaltrafficingunsiscomplex.（全球槍支販運很復(fù)雜。），可知小型武器不容易買，故正確。因此D選項正確。

3.語義推測題。根據(jù)第六段最后一句Itisreasonedthatgivingweaponsawayischeaperthandismantlingorstoringandguardingthem.（有理由認為，交出武器要比拆除、儲存和看守它們便宜。），可知美國送出武器是因為經(jīng)濟原因，所以B選項“因為這比保留它們更便宜”正確，C選項“因為它想節(jié)約資源”和D選項“因為放在其他國家儲存和保護更好。”不具體，故錯誤。A選項“因為它想武裝自己的朋友和盟友。”文章沒有提到，故錯誤。因此B選項正確。

4.語義推測題。A選項“黑市上的小型武器并不貴”和B選項“用小武器交換鉆石不公平”：根據(jù)第七段最后一句notwithmoney,butwithdiamondsseizedfromdiamond-miningareas（不是用錢，而是用從鉆石礦區(qū)奪得的鉆石），用鉆石交換武器來說明在黑市小型武器很貴，沒有提到公平與否，故錯誤。C選項“罪犯利用同一途徑走私毒品和小型武器”和D選項“哪里有毒品，哪里就有小型武器”：Itisnotunusualforcriminalorganizationstousethesameroutestosmuggledrugsinonedirectionastheyuseexchangetosmugglegunsintheother.（犯罪組織利用走私毒品的途徑走私槍支的現(xiàn)象并不罕見。），可知C選項正確，不代表毒品走私和小型武器走私一定連在一起，故D選項錯誤。因此C選項正確。

5.主旨大意題。文章在開頭點出人們對小型武器的忽視，再點出小型武器在殺傷力、生產(chǎn)、保存、販賣等各個方面帶來的問題，可知這篇文章主要講小型武器帶來的問題，要人們重視小型武器，所以D選項“小型武器，重大問題”正確，B選項“對小型武器控制的忽視”和C選項“全球小型武器販運”是其中的一方面，不能概括全文，故錯誤。A選項“小型武器談判，而非核武器談判”：文章沒有重點講談判，故錯誤。因此D選項正確。

7.單選題

TheForbiddenCityistheformerimperialpalaceinthecenterofBeijing,China.A.Constructionbeganin1406,andtheemperor’scourtofficiallymovedinby1420.TheForbiddenCitygotitsnamebecausemostpeoplewerebarredfromenteringthe72-hectaresite,surroundedbywalls.Evengovernmentofficialsandtheimperialfamilywerepermittedonlylimitedaccess.Onlytheemperorcouldenteranysectionatwill.

ThearchitectureoftheForbiddenCityconformsrigidlytotraditionalChineseprinciples.Allbuildingswithinthewallsfollowanorth-southline,andthemostimportantonesfacesouthtohonorthesun.Thedesignersarrangedtheotherbuildings,andtheceremonialspacesbetweenthem,toimpressallvisitorswiththegreatpoweroftheEmperor,whilereinforcingtheinsignificanceoftheindividual.Thisarchitecturalconceptwascarriedouttothesmallestdetail.Forexample,theimportanceofabuildingwasdeterminednotonlybyitsheightorwidthbutalsobythestyleofitsroofandthequantityofstatuettesplacedontheroof’sridges.

Inrecognitionoftheimportanceofitsunparalleledarchitecture,UNESCOaddedthepalacetoitsWorldHeritageListin1987.Today,visitorsfromallovertheworlddonotwaitforanimperialinvitationtowalkaboutthispalace,nowamuseumofimperialart.

OneofthemostimpressivelandmarksoftheForbiddenCityistheMeridianGate,theformalentrancetothesouthernsideoftheForbiddenCity.Thegate,withitsauxiliarywingsoneithersideoftheentryway,is38metershighatitsroofridge.Whenyoustandinfrontofthismajesticstructure,youunderstandhowawedpeoplefeltwhentheystoodtherelisteningtoimperialproclamations.

Asyouwalkthroughthegate,youcomeintoalargecourtyard,140meterslongand210meterswide.RunningthroughthecourtyardistheGoldenRiver,whichiscrossedbyfiveparallelwhitemarblebridges.ThesebridgesleadtotheGateofSupremeHarmony,which,inturn,leadstotheheartoftheForbiddenCity.Itsthreemainhallsstandatopathree-tieredmarbleterraceoverlookinganimmenseplaza.A.Theplazahasenoughspacetoholdtensofthousandsofsubjectspayinghomagetotheemperor.

AtthenorthernmostendoftheForbiddenCityistheImperialGarden,whichistotallydifferentfromtherestofthecompound.D.Insteadofrigidformality,youseeaseemingspontaneousarrangementoftrees,fishponds,flowerbeds,andsculpture.Hereistheplaceofrelaxationfortheemperor.

1.Fromthepassage,itcanbeinferredthat.

2.Fromthepassage,itisimpliedthatthemainentranceareatotheForbiddenCityis.

3.Whichphraseisclosestinmeaningtotheword“proclamations”inparagraph4?

4.Accordingtothepassage,whatdothebridgesovertheGoldenRiverleadto?

問題1選項

A.Chinesearchitectsborrowedideasfrommanydifferentcountries

B.thedesignoftheForbiddenCityisdullandcolorless

C.thearchitectureoftheForbiddenCityexemplifiestraditionalChinesevalues

D.thegardenoftheForbiddenCitywaslaidoutinastrict,rectangularpattern

問題2選項

A.surroundedbythreetallwalls

B.paintedgoldandgreen

C.decoratedwithstatuettes

D.notveryimpressive

問題3選項

A.Musiccomposedforpublicceremonies

B.Speechesencouragingsoldierstofight

C.Officialpublicannouncements

D.Poetrywrittenfortheemperor

問題4選項

A.TheMeridiangate

B.TheGateofSupremeHarmony

C.ThecenterofBeijing

D.TheImperialGardens

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。文章第二段第一句話提到紫禁城的建筑嚴格遵循中國的傳統(tǒng)原則（ThearchitectureoftheForbiddenCityconformsrigidlytotraditionalChineseprinciples），由此可知選項C“紫禁城的建筑體現(xiàn)了中國傳統(tǒng)的價值觀”符合題意。

2.細節(jié)事實題。文章第一段第三句話提到紫禁城得名于大多數(shù)人被禁止進入這個區(qū)域，周圍有圍墻（TheForbiddenCitygotitsnamebecausemostpeoplewerebarredfromenteringthe72-hectaresite,surroundedbywalls），由此可知進入紫禁城的入口是被高墻圍住，因此選項A符合題意。

3.判斷推理題。文章第四段最后一句話提到當(dāng)你站在這座雄偉的建筑前，你就能理解人們站在那里聆聽帝王宣言的敬畏之情（Whenyoustandinfrontofthismajesticstructure,youunderstandhowawedpeoplefeltwhentheystoodtherelisteningtoimperialproclamations），由此可知選項C符合題意。

4.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章第五段第三句ThesebridgesleadtotheGateofSupremeHarmony可知選項B符合題意。

8.單選題

Colourblindnessisinabilitytodistinguishoneormoreofthethreecoloursred,green,andblue.(Abilitytoseecolourexistsinonlyafewvertebrates,including,amongothers,manandtheotherprimates,fish,amphibians,somereptiles,andsomebirds;andinbeesandbutterflies.)Intheretina,thelight-sensitivelayeroftissuethatlinesthebackandsidesoftheeyeball,thereare,inhumanbeings,threetypesofcones,thevisualcellsthatfunctionintheperceptionofcolour.Onetypeabsorbslightbestinwavelengthsofblue-violetandanotherinthewavelengthsofgreen.Thethirdtypeismostsensitivetowavelengthsofyellowbutisalsosensitivetored.

Colour-blindpersonsmaybeblindtoone,two,orallofthecoloursred.green,andblue.(Blindnesstorediscalledprotanopia;togreen,deuteranopia;andtoblue,tritanopia.)Red-blindpersonsareordinarilyunabletodistinguishbetweenredandgreen,whileblue-blindpersonscannotdistinguishbetweenblueandyellow.Green-blindpersonsareunabletoseethegreenpartofthespectrum.

Colourblindness,whichaffectsabout20timesasmanymalesasfemales,isasex-linkedrecessivecharacteristic.Awomanmustinheritthetraitfrombothparentstobecolour-blind.Acolour-blindmanandawomanofnormalcolourvisionhavedaughterswhohavenormalcolourvision.Butarecarriersofthetrait—thatis,thedaughtersmayhavecolour-blindsonsanddaughterswhoarecarriers.Thesonsofacolour-blindmanandawomanwithnormalvisionthemselveshavenormalvisionandareunabletopassthecolour-blindtraitontooffspring.Thesonofanormalmanandacarrierwomanmaybecolour-blind,andthedaughterofsuchaunionmaybeacarrier.Thus,colourblindnesstendstoskipgenerations.

1.（）personisunabletodistinguishblueandyellow.

2.Theunderlinedword“skip”inthelastsentenceofthispassagemostprobablymeans（）.

3.Accordingtothispassage,（）.

4.Itcanbeknowfromthispassagethat（）hasnormalvisionandisunabletopassthecolour-blind

traitontooffspring.

問題1選項

A.Acolour-blind

B.Adeuteranopic

C.Aprotanopic

D.Atritanopic

問題2選項

A.omit

B.clip

C.slip

D.emit

問題3選項

A.inabilitytodistinguishonlyonecolourisusuallynotregardedascolourblindness

B.onlyafewvertebrateshavetheabilitytoseecolours

C.onlyhumanshavetheremarkableabilitytoseecolours

D.allvertebratescannotseecolours

問題4選項

A.thedaughterofacolour-blindmanandacolour-blindwoman

B.thedaughterofanormalmanandacolour-blindwoman

C.thesonofanormalmanandacolour-blindwoman

D.thesonofacolour-blindmanandawomanwithnormalvision

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:D

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“什么色盲的人分不清藍色和黃色？”文章第二段提到“藍盲的人不能區(qū)分藍色和黃色”(whileblue-blindpersonscannotdistinguishbetweenblueandyellow)，前面提到toblue,tritanopia，因此選項D符合題意。

2.詞義題。題目問的是“劃線單詞skip的意思”。文章第三段提到男性色盲的發(fā)病率是女性色盲的20倍，并且提到色盲有隔代遺傳的特點，因此skipgeneration就是“隔代”的意思，因此選項A符合題意。

3.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“通過文章可知……”。文章第一段提到只有少數(shù)幾種脊椎動物具有看顏色的能力(Abilitytoseecolourexistsinonlyafewvertebrates)，由此可知選項B符合題意。

4.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“通過文章可知，下列哪種情況不會遺傳給下一代？”文章第三句提到色盲男性和視力正常的女性的兒子視力正常，且不能將色盲形狀遺傳給后代（Thesonsofacolour-blindmanandawomanwithnormalvisionthemselveshavenormalvisionandareunabletopassthecolour-blindtraitontooffspring），因此選項D符合題意。

9.單選題

Alittlemorethanacenturyago,MichaelFaraday,thenotedBritishphysicist,managedtogainaudiencewithagroupofhighgovernmentofficials,todemonstrateanelectrochemicalprinciple,inthehopeofgainingsupportforhiswork.

Afterobservingthedemonstrationclosely,oneoftheofficialsremarkedbluntly“It’safascinatingdemonstration,youngman,butjustwhatpracticalapplicationwillcomeofthis?”

“Idon’tknow,”repliedFaraday,“butIdoknowthat100yearsfromnowyou’llbetaxingthem”.

Fromthedemonstrationofaprincipletothemarketingofproductsderivedfromthatprincipleisoftenalong,involvedseriesofsteps.Thespeedandeffectivenesswithwhichthesestepsaretakenarecloselyrelatedtothehistoryofmanagement,theartofgettingthingsdone.JustasmanagementappliestothewondersthathaveevolvedfromFaradayandotherinventors,soitappliedsome4,000yearsagototheworkingsofthegreatEgyptianandMesopotamianimportandexportfirms,toHannibal’sremarkablefeatofcrossingtheAlpsin218B.C,with90,000footsoldiers,12,000horsemenanda“conveyorbelt”of40elephantsortotheearlyChristianChurch,withitsworld-shakingconceptsofindividualfreedomandequality.

Theseancientinnovatorsweredeeplyinvolvedintheproblemsofauthority,divisionoflabor,discipline,unityofcommand,clarityofdirectionandtheotherbasicfactorsthataresomeaningfultomanagementtoday.ButtherealimpetustomanagementasanemerginprofessionwastheIndustrialRevolution.Originatingin18th-centuryEngland,itwastriggeredbyaseriesofclassicinventionsandnewprocesses;amongthemJohnKay’sFlyingShuttlein1733,JamesHargreaves’SpinningJennyin1770,SamuelCrompton’sMuleSpinnerin1779andEdmundCartwright’sPowerLoomin1785.

1.TheanecdoteaboutMichaelFaradayindicatesthat（

）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,managementisdefinedas

（

）.

3.Inthepassagewecanseethatmanagementcameintoitsown（

）.

問題1選項

A.politicianstaxeverything

B.peopleareskepticalaboutthevalueofpureresearch

C.taxesareuppermostinscientists’minds

D.hewasrejectedbyhisgovernment

問題2選項

A.accomplishingwonders

B.thecreatoroftheIndustrialRevolution

C.theartofgettingthingsdone

D.supervisingsubordinates

問題3選項

A.intheEgyptianandMesopotamianimportandexportfirms

B.inthedevelopmentoftheearlyChristianChurch

C.atthetimeofMichaelFaraday

D.intheeighteenthcentury

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

【解析】1.判斷推理題。定位到第二段中“It’safascinatingdemonstration,youngman,butjustwhatpracticalapplicationwillcomeofthis?年輕人，這是一個令人著迷的演示，但它究竟會產(chǎn)生什么實際應(yīng)用呢？”可知B項“人們對純研究的價值持懷疑態(tài)度”正確。

2.判斷推理題。定位第四段中“Thes