考研考博-英語-云南交通職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-云南交通職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Ican't（）myeagerwhenIhearofpeoplebeingcrueltoanimals.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.restrain

B.alleviate

C.deteriorate

D.relieve

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。restrain"抑制,控制";alleviate"減輕,緩和";deteriorate"惡化,變壞";relieve"解除,減輕"。這里指不能控制自己的情緒,所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

2.翻譯題

Happinessisabyproductofsomethingelse.Themostobvioussourcesarethosepursuitsthatgiveourlivespurpose—anythingfromstudyinginsectstoplayingbaseball.Themorepassionswehave,themorehappinesswearelikelytoexperience.Finally,thebeliefthatsomethingpermanenttranscendsusandthatourexistencehassomelargermeaningcanhelpusbehappier.Weneedaspiritualfaith,oraphilosophyoflife.Whateveryourphilosophy,itshouldincludethistruism:ifyouchoosetofindtheawful,youwillbecursed.Aswithhappinessitself,thisislargelyyourdecisiontomake.

【答案】幸福是由其他東西附帶來的。最明顯的來源就是那些賦予我們生活以目的的追求——從研究昆蟲到打棒球都是。我們感興趣的事情越多，我們就越能感受到幸福。最終，相信某種永恒的東西可以超越我們，相信我們的存在有更大的意義，這樣的信念可以使我們更快樂。我們需要一種精神信仰，或者說一種生活哲學(xué)。無論你的哲學(xué)是什么，它都應(yīng)該包含這樣一個(gè)不言自明的道理：如果你選擇尋找可怕的東西，那么你將會(huì)被詛咒。就像幸福本身一樣，這在很大程度上取決于你的決定。

3.單選題

Theresearchinareasofhuman______andexplorationsuggeststhatthesecharacteristicsarisefrombothintrinsicmotivationsordrivestogaininformationandextrinsicexplorativebehavior.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.orderliness

B.curiosity

C.innocence

D.shyness

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)orderliness“整潔，整齊；秩序井然”；B選項(xiàng)curiosity“好奇，好奇心；珍品，古董，古玩”；C選項(xiàng)innocence“清白，無罪；天真無邪”；D選項(xiàng)shyness“羞怯”。句意：人類______和探索領(lǐng)域的研究表明，這些特征來自于獲取信息的內(nèi)在動(dòng)機(jī)或驅(qū)動(dòng)，以及外在的探索行為。橫線處與后面的“探索領(lǐng)域”是并列主語，與獲取信息和探索對應(yīng)度最高的是好奇心，B選項(xiàng)curiosity“好奇，好奇心”符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Hegaveusan（）consenttotaketheapples,forhesmiledwhenhesawusdoit

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.exaggerated

B.implicit

C.impartial

D.extravagant

【答案】B

【解析】exaggerated夸張的；implicit含蓄的,暗示的；impartial公正的；extravagant奢侈的,浪費(fèi)的。句意：他默許我們拿走蘋果,因?yàn)楫?dāng)他看到我們這樣做時(shí),他笑了。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

5.單選題

12.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.TogotoSusanforadvice.

B.TotrytothinklikeSusan.

C.TobreakupwithSusan.

D.TohaveadatewithSusan.

【答案】A

【解析】M:MenarefromMars,andwomenarefromVenus.It’sreallyhardformetounderstandEmily.

W:SusanisthebestfriendofEmily,whydon’tyoupickherbrain?

Q:Whatdoesthewomanadvicethemantodo?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。女士提議：SusanisthebestfriendofEmily,whydon’tyoupickherbrain?即建議去找Susan了解一下。

6.單選題

A[A]technicalviewofanewinventionsometimes[B]differfrom[C]aneconomic[D]perspective.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.technical

B.differ

C.an

D.perspective

【答案】B

【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】主謂一致。

【解題思路】句子主語是第三人稱單數(shù)Atechnicalview（技術(shù)觀點(diǎn)），因此謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式differs。該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

【句意】對一項(xiàng)新發(fā)明的技術(shù)觀點(diǎn)有時(shí)與經(jīng)濟(jì)觀點(diǎn)不同。

7.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.

Thecruxoftheproblemis:youngpeople,beingatthestartoftheirowncareerandhavingtoexertthemselvestotheutmostallthetime,arealwaysunderthegreateststressandsevereststrain.Themiddle-agedpeople,ontheotherhand,havingaccomplishedwhatevertheyhave,mayrelievethemselvesoftheirload,andstarttoenjoyaquietandleisurelylifeunburdenedwithanyambitionsandawayfromthestormsoflife.Consequently,middle-agedpersonsquicklylapseintoindolence.Mostfamousworksthatappearedinthepastcenturies,includingthepresent,werewrittenbyauthorsaround30.WorkswithanycreativenessseldomcamefromthepenofChineseauthorsover40,exceptautobiographiesandnotesbywayofannotation.Butforwritersabroad,agedoesnotseemtoaffecttheirenergyorimaginationatall.Someliterarycelebritiesdidnotstarttheircareeruntilafter40.Becauseofvariousreasons,thelifespanofusChineseusedtobeveryshort.Hencetheoldsaying“man’slifefromoldhasrarelyreachedseventy.”Thereforethemiddle-ageperiodwasmuchearlier,andmenoflettersveryearlyintheirlivesbecame“old”andconservativepsychologically.

【答案】問題的核心是：年輕人正處于事業(yè)初創(chuàng)階段,必須時(shí)刻盡力發(fā)揮自己,由此其總是面臨莫大的壓力,受到的傷痛也極為嚴(yán)重。而中年人已經(jīng)取得他們所要的一切,可以卸下重負(fù),開始享受安靜、愜意的生活,這生活沒有任何雄心壯志,也遠(yuǎn)離生活的狂風(fēng)暴雨。結(jié)果,中年人很快就懶惰起來。自上世紀(jì)到目前的許多著名作品,其作者都在30歲左右。40歲以上的中國作家極少能寫出創(chuàng)意作品來,當(dāng)然有注解的自傳和說明除外。但對國外作家而言,年齡問題似乎絲毫不會(huì)影響其想象力。一些文學(xué)大家常常是到40歲之后才開始文學(xué)創(chuàng)作。

由于種種原因,過去中國人的壽命往往很短。由此產(chǎn)生了一句古話：“人生七十古來稀”。因此中年這一階段就大大提前了,而名人則很早就“變老”了,心理上也開始保守起來。

8.單選題

Thecampershavetomakedowiththeoldequipment.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.dowithout

B.replace

C.managewith

D.repair

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞義辨析。makedowith意為“設(shè)法應(yīng)付”；dowithout意為“沒有……也行，將就”；replace意為“替換，代替”；managewith意為“設(shè)法對付，用……設(shè)法對付”；repair意為“恢復(fù)，修理”。

句意：露營者不得不湊合著使用這些舊裝備。

9.單選題

Fromitsbirthin1981withjusttwoemployees,theGovernmentofSingaporeInvestmentCorporationhadbecomeoneoftheworld’slargestsovereignfunds,managingmorethan$100billioninassets,with900employeesineightofficesaroundtheworld.ItislargereventhanTemasekHoldings,thegovernment’sbetter-knownfund.Temasekgainedattentionwithits$1.9billionpurchaseofacontrollingstakeinThailand’sdominanttelecommunicationscompanyfromthefamilyofthecountry’sprimeminister.Thathelpedstirstreetproteststhatledtoacoupd’état(政變)therelastyear.

Thestakewaspartofabroaderexpansionstartedinmid-2002bythecompany’sexecutivedirector,HoChing,formerlyheadofgovernment-ownedSingaporeTechnologiesandwifeofSingapore’sPrimeMinister,LeeHsienLoong.AimedatrevivingTemasek’sfinancialperformanceinthewakeofarecession,TemasekhassincetakenlargestakesinbanksasdistantasIndia,ChinaandtheStandardCharteredBankofBritain.Temaseksaysitsinvestmentsarepurelyforfinancialpurposesdespiteitsownershipbythegovernment.Nonetheless,ithasrunintopoliticalheadwinds(逆風(fēng))intheregion.AnIndonesiancourtrecentlyruledthatitwouldhavetoselloneofthecontrollingstakesitholds,onedirectlyandtheotherthroughasubsidiary,inthecountry’stwodominantcellulartelephonecompanies.

Overthelastfewyears,SingaporehasembarkedonanaggressiveefforttocourtprivatebanksandtheirclientsasawayofdiversifyingtheeconomyasmanufacturingjobswereshiftingtoChinaandVietnam,turningthecountryintoanAsianassetbase.Therearealreadyatleast40privatebankswithofficesinSingapore,managingassetsworthatleast$150billion.WithmanywealthyEuropeansshiftingassetstoSingaporefromSwitzerlandtotakeadvantageofrapidAsiangrowthandavoidnewwithholdingtaxesinEurope,theEuropeanauthoritieshavesteppedupcriticismofSingapore’sbankingsystem,sayingthatSingaporeneededtotightencontrolsagainstmoneylaundering.

Singaporeanfinancialauthoritiessaytheydonotcondonemoneylaunderingandrecentlysteppedupfinesagainstbanksfoundtobeinvolvedinillicitfinancialactivity.TheGovernmentInvestmentCorporation,knownasG.I.C.,iscontrolledbythestate,andSingapore’sfoundingPrimeMinister,LeeKuanYew,isitschairman.Hisson,thecurrentprimeminister,isdeputychairman.TonyTan,itsexecutivedirector,isaformerdeputyprimeminister.

BothTemasekandG.I.C.haveaggressivelyrecruitedtopinternationalfinancialtalent,andG.I.C.inparticularhasareputationamongbankersandanalystsasashrewdandpowerfulinvestor.Morethan40percentofitsemployeesarenotSingaporean.ItsinvestmentpanelincludesCharlesEllis,chairmanoftheYaleUniversityInvestmentCommittee,andRobertLitterman,amanagingdirectorofGoldmanSachsAssetManagement.Despitemanagingpublicfunds,G.I.C.doesnotpublicizeitsholdingsorreturns.Lastyearonits25thanniversary,LeeKuanYewofferedthecompany’sfirstfinancialdisclosure,reportingthatG.I.C.hadaverageda9.5percentannualreturninUnitedStatesdollartermsoveritslifetime.

1.Thepassagemainlydiscussesabout______.

2.Formthefirstparagraph,itcanbeinferredthat______.

3.WhichoneofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEofTemasekHoldings?

4.ManyEuropeansshiftassetstoSingaporeduetothefollowingreasonsexcept______.

5.Theword“condone”mostprobablymeans______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Singapore’sfinancialstrategyinrecentyears

B.conditionsaboutthetwolargegovernmentfundsinSingapore

C.thetransformationorevolutionofSingapore’sbankingsystem

D.thecloserelationbetweenSingapore’sfinancialsystemandthegovernment

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.SingaporeansareagainstthepurchaseofcontrollingstakeinThailand’stelecommunicationscompany

B.SingaporeansthinkthatTemasek’spurchaseisindeedapoliticaldeal

C.SingaporeansthinkthatTemasek’spurchasewillmakethemhavealoss

D.ThaisarereluctanttoletTemasektocontroltheirtelecommunicationscompany

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.TemasekHoldingsseemstobequitereluctanttointerferewithinthepoliticalissueofthecountriesitinvestsinto.

B.TemasekHoldingswillselloneofthecontrollingstakesinIndonesianmobiletelephonecompaniesdirectlyandthroughasubsidiary.

C.TemasekHoldingsconductssuchexpansioninordertochangeitsdepression.

D.TemasekHoldingshasnotonlysubtlerelationswithSingapore’spoliticalelite,butalsothoseofneighboringcountries.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.theywanttoinvestintoAsiasoastogainmoreprofits

B.theywanttoconductmoneylaunderingbytacticallyavoidingtaxes

C.theywanttocarryoutillegalfinancialactivityinAsia

D.theythinktheinvestmentenvironmentinEuropeisnotattracting

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.encourage

B.allow

C.remit

D.permit

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文可知，文章主要分析了新加坡兩大政府基金的情況，同時(shí)也提到了新加坡的金融策略、經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型問題，但主要還是圍繞這兩大基金來談?wù)摰?。因此B選項(xiàng)“新加坡兩大政府基金的情況”符合文章主旨。A選項(xiàng)“新加坡近些年來的金融策略”，C選項(xiàng)“新加坡金融系統(tǒng)的轉(zhuǎn)型或發(fā)展”，D選項(xiàng)“新加坡的金融系統(tǒng)與政府之間的密切關(guān)系”只是文章某一部分的內(nèi)容，不能全面地概括文章主旨，所以A,C,D錯(cuò)誤。

2.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段最后一句Thathelpedstirstreetproteststhatledtoacoupd’étattherelastyear.（這引發(fā)了街頭抗議，并導(dǎo)致了去年的政變。），說明泰國人不愿意讓淡馬錫控制他們的電信公司。因此D選項(xiàng)“泰國人不愿意讓淡馬錫控制他們的電信公司”正確。A選項(xiàng)“新加坡人反對購買泰國電信公司的控股股權(quán)”，B選項(xiàng)“新加坡人認(rèn)為淡馬錫的收購行為實(shí)際上是有政治意向的”，C選項(xiàng)“新加坡人認(rèn)為淡馬錫的收購行為會(huì)給他們帶來損失”均不符合題意，所以A,B,C錯(cuò)誤。

3.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。A選項(xiàng)“淡馬錫基金看起來非常不愿意干涉它所投資國家的政治事務(wù)”在原文中沒有提及，所以A錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“淡馬錫會(huì)將自己在印度移動(dòng)電話公司的控股股權(quán)直接和通過子公司的方式賣出”，由原文onedirectlyandtheotherthroughasubsidiary（一種為通過其子公司控股）可知，它是直接通過子公司來控股，而不是賣出股份，所以B錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“淡馬錫基金不僅與新加坡的政治精英階層有微妙的關(guān)系，而且與鄰國的關(guān)系也非常微妙”，原文提到了該基金與政府的關(guān)系，也提到了其在周邊鄰國的投資，但沒有說關(guān)系很微妙，所以D錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“淡馬錫基金聲稱本基金完全獨(dú)立于政府之外，進(jìn)行有效的自治”，由原文AimedatrevivingTemasek’sfinancialperformanceinthewakeofarecession,TemasekhassincetakenlargestakesinbanksasdistantasIndia,ChinaandtheStandardCharteredBankofBritain.（淡馬錫為了在經(jīng)濟(jì)蕭條后重振雄風(fēng)，從那時(shí)開始就在印度、中國、英國的渣打銀行持有大量股份。）可知，該基金為了在蕭條后重振雄風(fēng)，才到其他地方購買股份，這屬于一種自治，所以C選項(xiàng)正確。

4.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段最后一句WithmanywealthyEuropeansshiftingassetstoSingaporefromSwitzerlandtotakeadvantageofrapidAsiangrowthandavoidnewwithholdingtaxesinEurope,theEuropeanauthoritieshavesteppedupcriticismofSingapore’sbankingsystem,sayingthatSingaporeneededtotightencontrolsagainstmoneylaundering.（許多富有的歐洲人都將資產(chǎn)從瑞士轉(zhuǎn)移到新加坡以分享亞洲經(jīng)濟(jì)快速增長的盛宴，并且逃避歐洲的新稅收，因此歐洲一些政府都在批評新加坡的銀行體系，稱新加坡需要加緊控制洗錢。），說明許多歐洲人將資產(chǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移到新加坡是為了在亞洲投資以獲取利潤以及避稅，所以A選項(xiàng)“他們想要在亞洲投資以獲得更豐厚的利潤”，D選項(xiàng)“他們認(rèn)為歐洲的投資環(huán)境不那么有吸引力”屬于他們轉(zhuǎn)移資產(chǎn)的原因，排除A,D。C選項(xiàng)“他們想要在亞洲從事非法的金融活動(dòng)”，由原文可知，從一些歐洲當(dāng)局的批評以及新加坡的回應(yīng)可以看出部分資金是用來進(jìn)行非法交易的，所以C選項(xiàng)屬于轉(zhuǎn)移資產(chǎn)的原因，排除C。B選項(xiàng)“他們想要通過巧妙避稅來洗錢”，原文只是說想要避稅，而不是通過避稅來洗錢，所以B選項(xiàng)不屬于轉(zhuǎn)移資產(chǎn)的原因，本題選B。

5.語義推測題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“condone”可以定位到文章第四段第一句Singaporeanfinancialauthoritiessaytheydonotcondonemoneylaunderingandrecentlysteppedupfinesagainstbanksfoundtobeinvolvedinillicitfinancialactivity.（新加坡財(cái)政部稱他們不會(huì)寬恕洗錢活動(dòng)，最近還對那些發(fā)現(xiàn)涉及非法金融活動(dòng)的銀行加大了處罰。），說明“condone”在文中是指“寬恕，容忍”的意思。因此C選項(xiàng)“寬恕”正確。A選項(xiàng)“鼓勵(lì)”，B選項(xiàng)“允許”，D選項(xiàng)“同意”均不符合題意，所以A,B,D錯(cuò)誤。

10.單選題

Theofwomantomanatouruniversityisaboutfivetofour.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.rate

B.proportion

C.portion

D.percentage

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)raten.比率，率，等級；B選項(xiàng)proportionn.比例，占比，面積；C選項(xiàng)portionn.部分，份數(shù)；D選項(xiàng)percentagen.百分比，百分?jǐn)?shù)。根據(jù)搭配，proportion...to...表示“（兩者）比例”，因此，B項(xiàng)為正確答案。

11.單選題

Itusedtobe——inpopularimagination,ifnotalwaysinreality——thatitwasthemanofthehousewhototedthetoolbelt,fixingaleakyfaucethereandrepairingaholeinthedrywallthere,whileoverseeinghomeimprovements,fromnewbookshelvestoroomadditions.Itseemedpartofourevolutionarydevelopmentasatool—usingspeciesthatitwasmen,alone,whowouldprowltheaislesofhardwarestores.

Demographicschange.WomenaccounttodayforfullyhalfoftheU.S.S140billionretailhardwareandhomeimprovementindustrysalesintheUnitedStates.Theyhavebeenmotivatedbythedo-it-yourselfmovementthatbeganintheearly1980s,andbychangingeconomicandsocialrealitiesthathavemadewomenmoreself-reliant.Homeimprovementtelevisionshows,specialtymagazines,teachingclinics,andevenwebsitescatertothesedo-it-yourselfers,understandingthatwomenarethe“instigators”ofhomeimprovementprojectswhetherornotthereisamaninthehouse.Thecommonwisdomintheindustryisthatwomenhavesignificantcontrolnotonlyoverselectionofproducts,butalsooverthehouseholdbudget.

1.Whichofthefollowingcanbestsumlipthepassage?

2.Womenaretakinguphomerepairsmoreandmorejustbecause（

）.

3.Wecanguessfromcontextcluesthattheword4lotote”means

（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Womennowcanworkonhomeimprovementallbythemselves,notneedingmen’shelp.

B.Womenarenowbecomingexpertsathomeimprovement.

C.It’swomen,notmen,whonowgotohardwarestores.

D.Womenarebornbetterathomerepairs.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.menareunwillingtodoit

B.womenhavebeenfoundtobemoretalentedatit

C.womenareaffectedbycertainthoughtsandmovement

D.womanwanttodemonstratethattheyaresuperiortomen

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.torepair

B.tocarry

C.tosell

D.tobuy

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Womenhaven'ttakenuphomeimprovementatall

B.Nowadays,mendon’tworkonhomeimprovementanymore.

C.Moreandmorewomennowmakeeffortstobecomedo-it-yourselfers.

D.Mencan’tbetheinstigatorofhomeimprovements.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:C

【解析】1.主旨大意題。文章最主要討論的是女性所扮演的角色的變化:之前不參與家居環(huán)境改進(jìn)相關(guān)的工作，現(xiàn)在主要依靠自己對家居環(huán)境進(jìn)行改進(jìn)，并決定產(chǎn)品的選擇和家庭預(yù)算。因此B項(xiàng)“如今，女性變得善于進(jìn)行家居環(huán)境改進(jìn)”比較能概括文章大意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第二段指出:Theyhavebeenmotivatedbythedo-it-yourselfmovementthatbeganintheearly1980s,andbychangingeconomicandsocialrealitiesthathavemadewomenmoreself-reliant(受20世紀(jì)80年代初期的‘自己動(dòng)手’運(yùn)動(dòng)的推動(dòng)和變化的經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)的影響，女性更多的是依靠自己)。故選C項(xiàng)“女性受到了某些思想和運(yùn)動(dòng)的影響”。

3.詞義題?！皌otote”出現(xiàn)在第一句:Itusedtobe——inpopularimagination,ifnotalwaysinreality——thatitwasthemanofthehousewhototedthetoolbelt,fixingaleakyfaucethereandrepairingaholeinthedrywallthere,whileoverseeinghomeimprovements,fromnewbookshelvestoroomadditions(過去,…的通常是一個(gè)家庭中的男性，雖然現(xiàn)實(shí)不一定如此，但至少在大家的觀念里是這樣的。包括在這兒修理一個(gè)漏水龍頭，在那兒填補(bǔ)干墻上的一個(gè)洞，與此同時(shí)還要監(jiān)督家居的環(huán)境改進(jìn)，從購置新書架到其他房間布置物)。分析句子可知,whototedthetoolbelt作定語修飾“男性”,通過后面的“在這兒修理一個(gè)漏水龍頭…”推斷totedthetoolbelt應(yīng)該表示“攜帶工具腰帶”,因此四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中與“totote”意思最接近的應(yīng)該是B。

4.判斷推理題。第二段指出:Theyhavebeenmotivatedbythedo-it-yourselfmovementthatbeganintheearly1980s,andbychangingeconomicandsocialrealitiesthathavemadewomenmoreself-reliant(受20世紀(jì)80年代初期的‘自己動(dòng)手’運(yùn)動(dòng)的推動(dòng)和變化的經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)的影響，女性更多的是依靠自己),由此推斷C項(xiàng)“如今，越來越多的女性努力成為自己動(dòng)手者”符合原文。

12.翻譯題

許多國際體育比賽的業(yè)余組織者經(jīng)常抱怨說，體育道德已不復(fù)存在了。他們把體育方面出現(xiàn)的向題全部歸咎于日益增長的職業(yè)化。他們震驚地看到，現(xiàn)在有些運(yùn)動(dòng)員把賽跑當(dāng)工作，參加賽跑就要得到報(bào)酬。他們宣稱，當(dāng)現(xiàn)代奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)興起時(shí)，運(yùn)動(dòng)員覺得參加比賽本身就是一種獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，別無他求了。

事實(shí)上如此崇高的理想向來只是一種愿望而已，同現(xiàn)實(shí)從來就沒有多少關(guān)系。1900年和1904年的兩屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)就和商業(yè)有著密切的關(guān)系，因?yàn)楫?dāng)時(shí)就是為國際貿(mào)易會(huì)招徠顧客而舉辦那兩次奧運(yùn)會(huì)的。這些比賽組織者們有時(shí)忽視的一點(diǎn)是，任何想成為奧運(yùn)冠軍的人必須犧牲業(yè)余吋間，可能還得中斷學(xué)業(yè)，動(dòng)員們想得到一些實(shí)惠的獎(jiǎng)賞，也就不足為奇了。

【答案】Manyamateurorganizersofinternationalsportingeventsoftencomplainthatsportsmanshipnolongerexists.Theyblamedthegrowingprofessionalismforalltheproblemsinsports.Theywereshockedtoseethatsomeathletesnowtreatrunningaraceastheirjob.Theyshouldgetpaidforrunningarace.WiththeriseofthemodernOlympicgames,theyclaim,athletesfeltrewardedfortheirparticipationandwantednothingmore.

Infact,suchaloftyidealhasalwaysbeenjustadesire,havingnothingtodowiththereality.TheOlympicgamesof1900and1904werecloselyassociatedwithcommercebecausetheywereheldtodrumupcustomersforinternationaltrade.WhattheorganizerssometimesfailtorealizeisthatanyonewhowantstobecomeanOlympicchampionmustsacrificehissparetimeandpossiblytakeabreakfromhisstudies.SoIt’snosurprisethatathleteswantsometangiblerewards.

13.單選題

Itisintendedthattheseguidelinesshouldbeappliedflexiblyand（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.substantially

B.pragmatically

C.dogmatically

D.reflexively

【答案】B

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)substantially“實(shí)質(zhì)上；大體上”；B選項(xiàng)pragmatically“講究實(shí)效地”；C選項(xiàng)dogmatically“武斷地；教條主義地”；D選項(xiàng)reflexively“反身地”。句意：這些準(zhǔn)則應(yīng)靈活地并……地實(shí)施。聯(lián)系選項(xiàng)可知B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

14.單選題

TheNorwegianGovernmentisdoingitsbesttokeeptheoilindustryundercontrol.Anewlawlimitsexplorationtoanareasouthofthesouthernendofthelongcoastline;productionlimitshavebeenlaiddown(thoughthesehavealreadybeenraised);andoilcompanieshavenotbeenallowedtoemploymorethanalimitednumberofforeignworkers.Buttheoilindustryhasawayofgettingoversuchproblems,andfewpeoplebelievethattheGovernmentwillbeabletoholdthingsbackforlong.AsonNorwegianpoliticiansaidlastweek:“Wewillsoonbechangedbeyondallrecognition.”

Eversincethewar,theGovernmenthasbeencarryingoutaprogrammeofdevelopmentintheareanorthoftheArcticCircle.Duringthepastfewyearsthisprogrammehashadagreatdealofsuccess:Tromsohasbeenbuiltupintoalocalcapitalwithauniversity,alargehospitalandahealthyindustry.Buttheoilindustryhasalreadystartedtodrawpeoplesouth,andwithinafewyearsthewholenorthernpolicycouldbeinruins.

Theeffectsoftheoilindustrywouldnotbelimitedtothenorth,however.Withnearly100percentemployment,everyonecanseeasituationdevelopinginwhichtheserviceindustriesandthetouristindustrywilllosemoreoftheirworkerstotheoilindustry.Somesmallerindustriesmightevendisappearaltogetherwhenitbecomescheapertobuygoodsfromabroad.

TherealargumentoveroilisitsthreattotheNorwegianwayoflife.Farmersandfishermendonotmakeupmostofthepopulation,buttheyareanimportantpartofit,becauseNorwegiansseeinthemmanyofthequalitiesthattheyregardwithprideasessentiallyNorwegian.Anditisthefarmersandthefishermenwhoaremostcriticaloftheoilindustrybecauseofthedamagethatitmightcausetothecountrysideandtothesea.

36.TheNorwegianGovernmentwouldprefertheoilindustryto___.

37.TheNorwegianGovernmenthastriedto___.

38.Accordingtothepassage,theoilindustrymightleadnorthernNorwayto___.

39.Inthesouth,oneeffecttothedevelopmentoftheoilindustrymightbe___.

40.Norwegianfarmersandfishermenhaveanimportantinfluencebecause___.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.providemorejobsforforeignworkers

B.slowdowntherateofitsdevelopment

C.selltheoilitisproducingabroad

D.developmorequicklythanatpresent

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.encouragetheoilcompaniestodiscovernewoilsources

B.preventoilcompaniesemployingpeoplefromnorthernNorway

C.helptheoilcompaniessolvemanyoftheirproblems

D.keeptheoilindustrytosomethingnearitspresentsize

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.thedevelopmentofindustry

B.agrowthinpopulation

C.thefailureofthedevelopmentprogramme

D.thedevelopmentofnewtowns

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.alargereductiononunemployment

B.agrowthinthetouristindustry

C.areductioninthenumberofexistingindustries

D.thedevelopmentofanumberofserviceindustries

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.theyformsuchalargepartofNorwegianideal

B.theirlivesandvaluesrepresenttheNorwegianideal

C.theirworkissousefultotherestofNorwegiansociety

D.theyregardoilasathreattotheNorwegianwayoflife

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】36.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文第一段TheNorwegianGovernmentisdoingitsbesttokeeptheoilindustryundercontrol.Anewlawlimitsexplorationtoanareasouthofthesouthernendofthelongcoastline;productionlimitshavebeenlaiddown(thoughthesehavealreadybeenraised)（挪威政府正在盡最大努力控制石油工業(yè)。一項(xiàng)新的法律限制了人們只能在漫長的海岸線南端以南地區(qū)進(jìn)行勘探；制定了生產(chǎn)限額（盡管已經(jīng)提高））可知B選項(xiàng)“減緩它的發(fā)展速度”正確；第一段andoilcompanieshavenotbeenallowedtoemploymorethanalimitednumberofforeignworkers（石油公司雇傭外國工人的數(shù)量不得超過一定數(shù)量）可知A選項(xiàng)“為外國工人提供更多的工作機(jī)會(huì)”和原文相悖；C選項(xiàng)“出售它在國外生產(chǎn)的石油”以及D選項(xiàng)“比現(xiàn)在發(fā)展得更快”為原文所提及。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

37.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文第一段第一句TheNorwegianGovernmentisdoingitsbesttokeeptheoilindustryundercontrol.（挪威政府正在盡最大努力控制石油工業(yè)）以及第一段第三句Buttheoilindustryhasawayofgettingoversuchproblemsandfewpeoplebelievethatthegovernmentwillbeabletoholdthingsbackforlong.（但石油行業(yè)有一種克服這些問題的方法，很少有人相信政府能夠長期維持現(xiàn)狀）可以推測出政府努力維持現(xiàn)狀，選D選項(xiàng)“保持石油工業(yè)接近目前規(guī)模”，同時(shí)可知A選項(xiàng)“鼓勵(lì)石油公司發(fā)現(xiàn)新的石油資源”和C選項(xiàng)“幫助石油公司解決許多問題”與原文相悖；B選項(xiàng)“阻止石油公司雇傭來自挪威北部的人”原文未提及，排除。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

38.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文第二段末尾Buttheoilindustryhasalreadystartedtodrawpeoplesouth,andwithinafewyearsthewholenorthernpolicycouldbeinruins.（但是石油工業(yè)已經(jīng)開始把人們吸引到南方，不出幾年，整個(gè)北方政策可能會(huì)崩潰）可知選C選項(xiàng)“發(fā)展方案的失敗”，同時(shí)可知A選項(xiàng)“工業(yè)的發(fā)展”以及B選項(xiàng)“人口增長”和原文相悖；D選項(xiàng)“新城鎮(zhèn)的發(fā)展”未提及，排除。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

39.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文第三段Theeffectsoftheoilindustrywouldnotbelimitedtothenorth,however.Withnearly100percentemployment,everyonecanseeasituationdevelopinginwhichtheserviceindustriesandthetouristindustrywilllosemoreoftheirworkerstotheoilindustry.（然而，石油工業(yè)的影響將不限于北方。由于將近百分之百就業(yè)率，每個(gè)人都能看出一種發(fā)展中的情況：服務(wù)行業(yè)和旅游行業(yè)的大部分工人會(huì)跑到石油工業(yè)去）可知南方服務(wù)行業(yè)和旅游行業(yè)的工人們會(huì)進(jìn)入石油行業(yè)，導(dǎo)致產(chǎn)業(yè)數(shù)量減少，選C選項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)有產(chǎn)業(yè)數(shù)量的減少”，A選項(xiàng)“大量減少失業(yè)”，B選項(xiàng)“旅游業(yè)的增長”以及D選項(xiàng)“一些服務(wù)業(yè)的發(fā)展”和原文相悖。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

40.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵字“farmersandfishermen”定位到原文最后一段Farmersandfishermendonotmakeupmostofthepopulation,buttheyareanimportantpartofit,becauseNorwegiansseeinthemmanyofthequalitiesthattheyregardwithprideasessentiallyNorwegian.（雖然農(nóng)民和漁民并不占人口的絕大部分，但他們卻是人口的重要組成部分，因?yàn)榕餐嗽谒麄兩砩峡吹搅嗽S多他們引以為傲的挪威人的基本品質(zhì)）可知選B選項(xiàng)“他們的生活和價(jià)值觀代表著挪威的理想”，同時(shí)可知A選項(xiàng)“他們構(gòu)成了挪威理想的很大一部分”錯(cuò)誤；C選項(xiàng)“他們的工作對挪威社會(huì)很有用”原文未提及；最后一段最后一句Anditisthefarmersandthefishermenwhoaremostcriticaloftheoilindustrybecauseofthedamagethatitmightcausetothecountrysideandtothesea.（農(nóng)民和漁民對石油工業(yè)最為不滿，因?yàn)樗赡軙?huì)對鄉(xiāng)村和海洋造成損害）可知D選項(xiàng)“他們認(rèn)為石油是對挪威生活方式的威脅”錯(cuò)誤。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

15.單選題

Itwassucha(n)（

）whenPatandMikemeteachotherinTokyo.EachthoughtthattheotherwasstillinHongKong.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.occurrence

B.coincidence

C.fancy

D.destiny

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。occurrence“發(fā)生，事件”；coincidence“巧合，一致”；fancy“幻想，想象力”；destiny“命運(yùn)，天命”。句意：派特和邁克能在東京偶遇是多么巧合的一件事。倆人都以為對方在香港。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

16.寫作題

MeaningandCharacteristicsoftheItalianRenaissanceThewordRenaissancemeans"rebirth."AnumberofpeoplewholivedinItalybetween1350and1550believedthattheyhadwitnessedarebirthofantiquityorGreco-Romancivilization,markinganewage.Tothem,thethousandorsoyearsbetweentheendoftheRomanEmpireandtheirownerawasamiddleperiod(hencethe"MiddleAges"),characterizedbydarknessbecauseofitslackofclassicalculture.HistoriansofthenineteenthcenturylaterusedsimilarterminologytodescribethisperiodinItaly.TheSwisshistorianandartcriticJacobBurckhardtcreatedthemodernconceptoftheRenaissanceinhiscelebratedCivilizationoftheRenaissancein-publishedin1860.HeportrayedItalyinthefourteenthandfifteenthcenturiesasthebirthplaceofthemodernworld(theItalianswere"thefirstbornamongthesonsofmodernEurope")andsawtherevivalofantiquity,theperfectingoftheindividual,"andsecularismasitsdistinguishingfeatures.BurckhardtexaggeratedtheindividualityandsecularismoftheRenaissanceandfailedtorecognizethedepthsofitsreligioussentiment;nevertheless,heestablishedtheframeworkforallmoderninterpretationsoftheRenaissance.AlthoughcontemporaryscholarsdonotbelievethattheRenaissancerepresentsasuddenordramaticculturalbreakwiththeMiddleAges,asBurckhardtargued—therewas.afterall,muchcontinuityineconomic,political,andsociallifebetweenthetwoperiods—theRenaissancecanstillbeviewedasadistinctperiodofEuropeanhistorythatmanifesteditselffirstinItalyandthenspreadtotherestofEurope.

RenaissanceItalywaslargelyanurbansociety.Asaresultofitscommercialpreeminenceandpoliticalevolution,northernItalybythemid-fourteenthcenturywasmostlyalandofindependentcitiesthatdominatedthecountrydistrictsaroundthem.Thesecity-statesbecamethecentersofItalianpolitical,economic,andsociallife.Withinthisnewurbansociety,asecularspiritemergedasincreasingwealthcreatednewpossibilitiesfortheenjoymentofworldlythings.

Aboveall,theRenaissance,asanageofrecoveryfromthe"calamitousfourteenthcentury."ItalyandEuropebeganaslowprocessofrecuperationfromtheeffectsoftheBlackDeath,politicaldisorder,andeconomicrecession.Thisrecoverywasaccompaniedbyarebirthofthecultureofclassicalantiquity.Increasinglyawareoftheirownhistoricalpast,ItalianintellectualsbecameintenselyinterestedintheGreco-RomancultureoftheancientMediterraneanworld.Thisnewrevivalofclassicalantiquity(theMiddleAgeshadinfactpreservedmuchofancientLatinculture)affectedactivitiesasdiverseaspoliticsandartandledtonewattemptstoreconcilethepaganphilosophyoftheGreco-RomanworldwithChristianthought,aswellasnewwaysofviewinghumanbeings.

ArevivedemphasisonindividualabilitybecamecharacteristicoftheItalianRenaissance.Asthefifteenth-centuryFlorentinearchitectLeonBattistaAlbertiexpressedit:"Mancandoallthingsiftheywill."Ahighregardforhumandignityandworthandarealizationofindividualpotentialitycreatedanewsocialidealofthewell-roundedpersonalityoruniversalpersonwhowascapableofachievementsinmanyareasoflife.

ThesegeneralfeaturesoftheItalianRenaissancewerenotcharacteristicofallItaliansbutwereprimarilythepreserveofthewealthyupperclasses,whoconstitutedasmallpercentageofthetotalpopulation.TheachievementsoftheItalianRenaissanceweretheproductofanelite,ratherthanamass,movement.Nevertheless,indirectlyitdidhavesomeimpactonordinarypeople,especiallyinthecities,wheresomanyoftheintellectualandartisticaccomplishmentsoftheperiodweremostvisible.

【答案】TheRenaissancecanbeviewedasadistinctperiodofEuropeanhistory.TherearemanymeaningsandcharacteristicsoftheItalianRenaissance.

TheRenaissanceinItalymarkedthearrivalofanewera.Andcharacterizedbydarknessbecauseofitslackofclassicalculture.TheSwisshistorianandartcriticJacobBurckhardtcreatedthemodernconceptoftheRenaissance.Hesawtherevivalofantiquity,theperfectingof