考研考博-英語-北京農(nóng)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-北京農(nóng)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Prof.White,myrespectedtutor,frequentlyremindsmeto（）myselfofeverychancetoimprovemyEnglish.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.assure

B.inform

C.avail

D.notify

【答案】C

【解析】副詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)句意：我尊敬的導(dǎo)師White教授經(jīng)常提醒我要利用一切機(jī)會(huì)提高我的英語水平。選項(xiàng)C最為恰當(dāng)，表示有益于，有助于。

2.單選題

Thecar,atleastasweknowit,isonthewayout,becauseitsexhaust（

）athreattotheenvironment.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.originates

B.poses

C.offends

D.paralyzes

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。originate起源，發(fā)源；pose造成問題等；offend冒犯，進(jìn)攻；paralyze使麻痹。句意：至少就我們所知，汽車正在被淘汰，因?yàn)樗膹U氣對(duì)環(huán)境造成了威脅。poseathreatto為固定搭配，表示“對(duì)...造成威脅”，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

3.單選題

Informationistheprimarycommodityinmoreandmoreindustriestoday.

By2005,83%ofAmericanmanagementpersonnelwillbeknowledgeworkers.EuropeandJapanarenotfarbehind.

By2005,halfofallknowledgeworkers(22%ofthelaborforce)willchoose“flextime,flexplace”arrangements,whichallowthemtoworkhome,communicatingwiththeofficeviacomputernetworks.

IntheUnitedStates,theso-called“digitaldivide''seemstobedisappearing.Inearly2000,apollfound,that,wherehalfofwhitehouseholdsownedcomputers,sodidfully43%ofAfrican-Americanhouseholds,andtheirnumbersweregrowingrapidly.Hispanichouseholdscontinuedtodagbehind,buttheirrateofcomputerownershipwasexpandingaswell.

Company-ownedandindustry-widetelevisionnetworksarebringingprogrammingtothousandsoflocations.BusinessTVisbecomingbigbusiness.

Computercompetencewillapproach100%inUSurbanareasbytheyear2005,withEuropeandJapannotfarbehind.

80%ofUShomeswillhavecomputersin2005,comparedwithroughly50%now.IntheUnitedStates,5ofthe10fastest-growingcareersbetweennowand2005willbecomputerrelated.Demandforprogrammersandsystemsanalystswillgrowby70%.ThesametrendisacceleratinginEurope,Japan,andIndia.

By2005,nearlyallcollegetextsandmanyhighschoolandjuniorhighbookswillbetiedtoInternetsitesthatprovidesourcematerial,studyexercises,andrelevantnewsarticlestoaidinlearning.OtherswillcomewithCD-ROMsthatoffersimilarresources.

Internetlinkswillprovideaccesstothecardcataloguesofallthemajorlibrariesintheworldby2005.ItwillbepossibletocalluponaPCscreenmillionsofvolumesfromdistantlibraries.Websitesenhancebooksbyprovidingpictures,sound,filmclips,andflexibleindexingandsearchutilities.

Implications:AnyonewithaccesstotheInternetwillbeabletoachievetheeducationneededtobuildaproductivelifeinanincreasinglyhigh-techworld.ComputerlearningmayevenreducethegrowingAmericanprisonpopulation.

Knowledgeworkersaregenerallybetterpaidthanless-skilledworkers.Theirwealthisraisingoverallprosperity.

Evenentry-levelworkersandthoseinformerlyunskilledpositionsrequireagrowinglevelofeducation.Foragoodcareerinalmostanyfield,computercompetenceisamust.Thisisonemajortrendraisingthelevelofeducationrequiredforaproductiveroleintoday’sworkforce.Formanyworkers,theopportunityfortrainingisbecomingoneofthemostdesirablebenefitsanyjobcanoffer.

1.InformationtechnologyisexpectedtohaveimpactonallthefollowingEXCEPT_____.

2.“digitaldivide”inthe4thparagraphrefersto______.

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECTaccordingtothepassage?

4.WhichofthefollowingareasisNOTdiscussedinthepassage?

5.Attheendofthepassage,theauthorseemstoemphasize_______inanincreasinglyhigh-techworld.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Americanmanagementpersonnel

B.Europeanmanagementpersonnel

C.Americanpeople’schoiceofcareer

D.traditionalpracticeatwork

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.thegapintermsofcomputerownership

B.thetendencyofcomputerownership

C.thedividinglinebasedondigits

D.theethnicdistinctionamongAmericanhouseholds

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.By2005allcollegeandschoolstudymaterialswillturnelectronic.

B.By2005printedcollegeandschoolstudymaterialswillbesupplementedwithelectronicmaterial.

C.By2005somecollegeandschoolstudymaterialswillbeaccompaniedbyCD-ROMs.

D.By2005Internetlinksmakeworldwidelibrarysearchapossibility.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Futurecareers.

B.Natureoffuturework.

C.Ethnicdifferences.

D.Schoolsandlibraries.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.thevarietyofeducation

B.thecontentofeducation

C.theneedforeducation

D.thefunctionofeducation

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第二段中的By2005,83%ofAmericanmanagementpersonnelwillbeknowledgeworkers.EuropeandJapanarenotfarbehind.（到2005年，美國(guó)83%的管理人員將成為知識(shí)型員工。歐洲和日本緊跟其后）與A、B選項(xiàng)對(duì)應(yīng)；第七段中的IntheUnitedStates,5ofthe10fastest-growingcareersbetweennowand2005willbecomputerrelated.（在美國(guó)，從現(xiàn)在到2005年10個(gè)發(fā)展最快的職業(yè)中，有5個(gè)是與計(jì)算機(jī)相關(guān)的）與C選項(xiàng)對(duì)應(yīng)。通過排除法排除A、B、C選項(xiàng)，因此選D。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第四段中的wherehalfofwhitehouseholdsownedcomputers,sodidfully43%ofAfrican-Americanhouseholds,andtheirnumbersweregrowingrapidly（一半的白人家庭擁有電腦，43%的非裔美國(guó)家庭擁有電腦，而且他們的數(shù)量正在迅速增長(zhǎng)）可知“digitaldivide”指的是擁有電腦方面的差距，因此選A。

3.推理判斷題。由文章第八段中的By2005,nearlyallcollegetextsandmanyhighschoolandjuniorhighbookswillbetiedtoInternetsitesthatprovidesourcematerial,studyexercises,andrelevantnewsarticlestoaidinlearning.（到2005年，幾乎所有的大學(xué)課本和許多高中和初中書籍都將與互聯(lián)網(wǎng)網(wǎng)站聯(lián)系在一起，這些網(wǎng)站提供資源、練習(xí)和相關(guān)的新聞文章，以幫助學(xué)習(xí)）可知互聯(lián)網(wǎng)知識(shí)作為輔助一種輔助工具，因此A選項(xiàng)表述不正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第七段中的IntheUnitedStates,5ofthe10fastest-growingcareersbetweennowand2005willbecomputerrelated.（在美國(guó)，從現(xiàn)在到2005年10個(gè)發(fā)展最快的職業(yè)中，有5個(gè)是與計(jì)算機(jī)相關(guān)的）與A選項(xiàng)對(duì)應(yīng)。第四段中的wherehalfofwhitehouseholdsownedcomputers,sodidfully43%ofAfrican-Americanhouseholds,andtheirnumbersweregrowingrapidly（一半的白人家庭擁有電腦，43%的非裔美國(guó)家庭擁有電腦，而且他們的數(shù)量正在迅速增長(zhǎng)）與C選項(xiàng)對(duì)應(yīng)；倒數(shù)第四段中的Internetlinkswillprovideaccesstothecardcataloguesofallthemajorlibrariesintheworldby2005.（到2005年，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)鏈接將提供世界上所有主要圖書館的卡片目錄）與D選項(xiàng)對(duì)應(yīng)。通過排除法排除A、C、D選項(xiàng)，因此選B。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章最后一段中的Evenentry-levelworkersandthoseinformerlyunskilledpositionsrequireagrowinglevelofeducation.（即使是初級(jí)工人和以前非技術(shù)性職位的工人也需要越來越高的教育水平）可知選C。

4.單選題

Withmostonlinerecruitmentservices,job-huntersmustchoosetheirwordscarefully,（

）thesearchenginewillnevermakethecorrectmatch.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.therefore

B.whereas

C.provided

D.otherwise

【答案】D

【解析】考查邏輯連接詞。therefore為連接性副詞，表示“因此”；whereas“然而”；provided“假如，以……為條件”；otherwise“否則就”。句意：求職者通過在線求職服務(wù)求職時(shí)必須仔細(xì)選擇用詞，否則搜索引擎無法正確匹配。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

5.單選題

Thestaffinthekitchenhas____themessagethatacustomerwantedaspecialdish.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ordered

B.received

C.pointed

D.accepted

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.ordered點(diǎn)餐B.received接收

C.pointed指定D.accepted接受

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)賓搭配與語義銜接

【解題思路】原句語義為“廚房里的工作人員____顧客想要一份特色菜的信息”，原句想表達(dá)的是廚房里的人知道有位顧客想要一份特色菜這件事了，空格處所填動(dòng)詞搭配的賓語是“消息；信息（message）”。B選項(xiàng)received“接收”符合動(dòng)賓搭配和語義銜接。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)ordered“點(diǎn)餐”，不符合動(dòng)賓搭配；

C選項(xiàng)pointed“指定”，不符合動(dòng)賓搭配；

D選項(xiàng)accepted“接受”，側(cè)重于指認(rèn)同所收到的信息，不太符合原句語義銜接。

【句意】廚房里的工作人員接收到了顧客想要一份特色菜的信息。

6.單選題

Sinceneithersidewasreadyto______whatwasnecessaryforpeace,hostilitywasresumedin1980.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.precede

B.recede

C.concede

D.intercede

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)precede“領(lǐng)先”；B選項(xiàng)recede“后退；減弱”；C選項(xiàng)concede“讓步”；D選項(xiàng)intercede“調(diào)解，調(diào)?！?。句意：由于雙方都不愿意對(duì)和平的必要條件______，1980年又恢復(fù)了敵對(duì)狀態(tài)。根據(jù)語境，這里指雙方不肯讓步，C選項(xiàng)concede“讓步”符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Ifinnovatorsarenotfinanciallyrewardedfortheirinnovations,theincentiveforpath-breakinginnovationwilleventuallydryup.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.investment

B.resource

C.inspiration

D.stimulus

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。incentive表示“動(dòng)機(jī)，刺激”；A項(xiàng)investment“投資”，B項(xiàng)resource“資源”，C項(xiàng)inspiration“靈感，鼓舞”，D項(xiàng)stimulus“刺激，激勵(lì)”。句意：如果創(chuàng)新者的創(chuàng)新沒有得到經(jīng)濟(jì)上的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，那么對(duì)開創(chuàng)性創(chuàng)新的激勵(lì)最終會(huì)枯竭。根據(jù)句意可知，選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Thesecurityguard（）twomenwhowereyellinginthecourtroom.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.dispelled

B.propelled

C.repelled

D.expelled

【答案】D

【解析】句意:保安將兩名在法庭上大喊大叫的男子驅(qū)逐了出去。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。dispel驅(qū)散，消除(尤指感覺或信仰);propel推進(jìn)，驅(qū)使：repel擊退，抵制：expel驅(qū)逐，開除。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“大喊大叫的男子”可知D項(xiàng)符合句意。

9.單選題

StateswillbeabletoforcemorepeopletopaysalestaxwhentheymakeonlinepurchasesunderaSupremeCourtdecisionThursdaythatwillleaveshopperswithlighterwalletsbutisabigfinancialwinforstates.

TheSupremeCourt'sopinionThursdayoverruledapairofdecades-olddecisionsthatstatessaidcostthembillionsofdollarsinlostrevenueannually.Thedecisionsmadeitmoredifficultforstatestocollectsalestaxoncertainonlinepurchases.

Thecasesthecourtoverturnedsaidthatifabusinesswasshippingacustomer'spurchasetoastatewherethebusinessdidn'thaveaphysicalpresencesuchasawarehouseoroffice,thebusinessdidn'thavetocollectsalestaxforthestate.Customersweregenerallyresponsibleforpayingthesalestaxtothestatethemselvesiftheyweren'tchargedit,butmostdidn'trealizetheyoweditandfewpaid.

JusticeAnthonyKennedywrotethatthepreviousdecisionswereflawed.“EachyearphysicalpresencerulebecomesfurtherremovedfromeconomicrealityandresultsinsignificantrevenuelossestotheStates,”hewroteinanopinionjoinedbyfourotherjustices.Kennedywrotethattherule“l(fā)imitedstates'abilitytoseeklong-termprosperityandhaspreventedmarketparticipantsfromcompetingonanevenplayingfield.”

Therulingisavictoryforbigchainswithapresenceinmanystates,sincetheyusuallycollectsalestaxononlinepurchasesalready.Now,rivalswillbechargingsalestaxwheretheyhadn'tbefore.Bigchainshavebeencollectingsalestaxnationwidebecausetheytypicallyhavephysicalstoresinwhateverstateapurchaseisbeingshippedto.A,withitsnetworkofwarehouses,alsocollectssalestaxineverystatethatchargesit,thoughthird-partysellerswhousethesitedon'thaveto.

Untilnow,manysellersthathaveaphysicalpresenceinonlyasinglestateorafewstateshavebeenabletoavoidchargingsalestaxeswhentheyshiptoaddressesoutsidethosestates.SellersthatuseeBayandEtsy,whichprovideplatformsforsmallersellers,alsohavencollectingsalestaxnationwide.UndertherulingThursday,statescanpasslawsrequiringout-of-statesellerstocollectthestate'ssalestaxfromcustomersandsendittothestate.

Retailtradegroupspraisedtheruling,sayingitlevelstheplayingfieldforlocalandonlinebusinesses.Thelosers,saidretailanalystNeilSaunders,areonline-onlyretailers,especiallysmallerones.Thoseretailersmayfaceheadachescomplyingwithvariousstatesalestaxlaws.TheSmallBusiness&EntrepreneurshipCounciladvocacygroupsaidinaastatement,"businessesandinternetentrepreneursarenotwellservedatallbythisdecision.”

1.TheSupremeCourtdecisionThursdaywill（

）.

2.Itcanbelearnedfromparagraphs2and3thattheoverruleddecisions（

）.

3.AccordingtoJusticeAnthonyKennedy,thephysicalpresencerulehas（

）.

4.WhoaremostlikelytowelcometheSupremeCourtruling（

）.

5.IndealingwiththeSupremeCourtdecisionThursday,theauthor（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.endetterbusiness'revolutionswithstates

B.putmostonlinebusinessinadilemma

C.makemoreonlineshopperspaysalestax

D.forcessomestatestocutsalestax

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.haveledtothedominanceofe-commerce

B.havecostconsumersalotovertheyears

C.werewidelycriticizedbyonlinepurchases

D.wereconsideredupfavorablebystates

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.hinderedeconomicdevelopment

B.broughtprosperitytothecountry

C.harmedfairmarketcompetition

D.boostedgrowthinstatesrevenue

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Internetentrepreneurs

B.Big-chainowners

C.Third-partysellers

D.Smallretailers

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.givesafactualaccountofitanddiscussesitsconsequences

B.describesthelongandcomplicatedprocessofitsmaking

C.presentsitsmainpointswithconflictingviewsonthem

D.citiessomecasesrelatedtoitandanalyzestheirimplications

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.本題為細(xì)節(jié)題，根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵字“theSupremeCourtdecisionThursday”定位到原文第一段“StateswillbeabletoforcemorepeopletopaysalestaxwhentheymakeonlinepurchasesunderaSupremeCourtdecisionThursdaythat...”前半句已經(jīng)明確提出各州的在線購(gòu)物可能要交稅，對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)C，原詞“online”加“shoppers”是對(duì)“purchase”的同義替換。其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為提及。

2.根據(jù)題干“l(fā)earned”可知本題為推理題，根據(jù)關(guān)鍵字“theoverruleddecisions”定位到原文第二段的兩句，大意為“州政府抱怨以前的政策使每年稅收損失慘重，因此以前的政策很難再收取網(wǎng)上營(yíng)業(yè)稅”兩句表示出的意思都是對(duì)州政府的不利，對(duì)比四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，得出答案D，州政府認(rèn)為原政策對(duì)州會(huì)不利，因此駁回這項(xiàng)決定會(huì)對(duì)州有利，為正話反說。

3.本題為細(xì)節(jié)題，根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“JusticeAnthonyKennedy”“thephysicalpresencerule”定位到原文第四段的第二句和第三句，大意為實(shí)體店規(guī)定導(dǎo)致州政府稅收虧損，接著下一句Kennedywrotethattherule“l(fā)imitedstates'abilitytoseeklong-termprosperityandhaspreventedmarketparticipantsfromcompetingonanevenplayingfield.”該規(guī)定限制了各州長(zhǎng)期繁榮，并妨礙市場(chǎng)參與者參與公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。對(duì)比四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，C選項(xiàng)為“破壞了公平市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”和原文“competing”“marketparticipants”一一對(duì)應(yīng)，為正確答案。

4.根據(jù)題干“l(fā)ikely”得出本題為推理題，利用關(guān)鍵詞“welcometheSupremeCourtruling”定位到原文第五段第一句“Therulingisavictoryforbigchainswithapresenceinmanystates,since...”對(duì)于大公司來說這項(xiàng)規(guī)定是一種勝利，因?yàn)椤恍枵业疥P(guān)鍵詞“bigchain”即可選出B選項(xiàng)：大型連鎖公司。

5.本題為主旨題，需找出作者的相應(yīng)觀點(diǎn)與論證，根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“IndealingwiththeSupremeCourtdecisionThursday”回顧每段首尾句，推測(cè)每段大意。第一段講述最高法院通過了征收在線營(yíng)業(yè)稅的決定，第二段介紹之前的裁決及后果是對(duì)州政府不利的，第三段介紹了原來裁決涉及到的案例，第四段陳列了法官的觀點(diǎn)，即以前的裁決是有問題的，第五段主要講述新判決會(huì)對(duì)大型連鎖超市產(chǎn)生有利的影響，第六段講述新裁決對(duì)州外賣價(jià)的影響，第七段表示新的判決得到零售界的肯定，因此本文的思路為：首段引出新判決，二三四段列舉相關(guān)案例，五六七段對(duì)其影響進(jìn)行講述，對(duì)比四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，得出D：作者在講述這個(gè)判決時(shí)引用了相關(guān)案例并分析了它們的影響。

10.單選題

BetweentheeighthandeleventhcenturiesA.D.，theByzantineEmpire(拜占庭帝國(guó))stagedanalmostunparalleledeconomicandculturalrevival,arecoverythatisallthemorestrikingbecauseitfollowedalongperiodofsevereinternaldecline.Bytheearlyeighthcentury,theempirehadlostroughlytwo-thirdsoftheterritoryithadpossessedintheyear600,anditsremainingareawasbeingraidedbyArabsandBulgarians,whoattimesthreatenedtotakeConstantinopleandextinguishedtheempirealtogether.Thewealthofthestateanditssubjectswasgreatlydiminished,andartisticandliteraryproductionhadvirtuallyceased.Bytheearlyeleventhcentury,however,theempirehadregainedalmosthalfofitslostpossessions,itsnewfrontiersweresecure,anditsinfluenceextendedfarbeyonditsborders.Theeconomyhadrecovered,thetreasurywasfull,andartandscholarshiphadadvanced.

ToconsidertheByzantinemilitary,cultural,andeconomicadvancesasdifferentiatedaspectsofasinglephenomenonisreasonable.Afterall,thesethreeformsofprogresshavegonetogetherinanumberofstatesandcivilizations.RomeunderAugustusandfifth-centuryAthensprovidethemostobviousexamplesinantiquity.Moreover,anexaminationoftheapparentsequentialconnectionsamongmilitary,economic,andculturalformsofprogressmighthelpexplainthedynamicsofhistoricalchange.

ThecommonexplanationoftheseapparentconnectionsinthecaseofByzantiumwouldrunlikethis:whentheempirehadturnedbackenemyraidsonitsownterritoryandhadbeguntoraidandconquerenemyterritory,Byzantineresourcesnaturallyexpandedandmoremoneybecameavailabletopatronizeartandliterature.Therefore,Byzantinemilitaryachievementsledtoeconomicadvances,whichinturnledtoculturalrevival.

Nodoubtthishypotheticalpatterndidapplyattimesduringthecourseoftherecovery.Yetitisnotclearthatmilitaryadvancesinvariablycamefirst.Economicadvancessecond,andintellectualadvancesthird.Inthe860’stheByzantineEmpirebegantorecoverfromArabincursionssothatby872themilitarybalancewiththeAbbasidCaliphatehadbeenpermanentlyalteredintheempire’sfavor.Thebeginningoftheempire’seconomicrevival,however,canbeplacedbetween810and830.Finally,theByzantinerevivaloflearningappearstohavebegunevenearlier.Anumberofnotablescholarsandwritersappearedby788and,bythelastdecadeoftheeighthcentury,aculturalrevivalwasinfullbloom,arevivalthatlasteduntilthefallofConstantinoplein1453.Thus,thecommonlyexpectedorderofmilitaryrevivalfollowedbyeconomicandthenbyculturalrecoverywasreversedinByzantium.Infact,therevivalofByzantinelearningmayitselfhaveinfluencedthesubsequenteconomicandmilitaryexpansion.

41.Whichofthefollowingbeststatesthecentralideaofthetext?

42.ItcanbeinferredfromthetextthattheByzantineEmpiresustainedsignificantterritoriallosses___.

43.Inthethirdparagraph,theauthormostprobablyprovidesanexplanationoftheapparentconnectionsamongeconomic,military,andculturaldevelopmentinorderto___.

44.WhichofthefollowingdoestheauthormentionascrucialevidenceconcerningthemannerinwhichtheByzantinerevivalbegan?

45.Accordingtotheauthor,“Thecommonexplanation”(paragraph3)ofconnectionsbetweeneconomic,military,andculturaldevelopmentis___.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.TheByzantineEmpirewasauniquecaseinwhichtheusualorderofmilitaryandeconomicrevivalprecedingculturalrevivalwasreversed.

B.Theeconomic,cultural,andmilitaryrevivalintheByzantineEmpirebetweentheeighthandeleventhcenturieswassimilarinitsordertothesequenceofrevivalinAugustanRomeandfifth-centuryAthens.

C.After810Byzantineeconomicrecoveryspurredamilitaryand,later,culturalexpansionthatlasteduntil1453.

D.TherevivaloftheByzantineEmpirebetweentheeighthandeleventhcenturiesshowsculturalrebirthprecedingeconomicandmilitaryrevival,thereverseofthegenerallyacceptedsequenceofprogress.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.in600

B.duringtheseventhcentury

C.acenturyaftertheculturalachievementsoftheByzantineEmpirehadbeenlost

D.soonaftertherevivalofByzantinelearning

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.suggestthattheprocessofrevivalinByzantiumaccordswiththismodel

B.setupanorderofeventsthatisthenshowntobenotgenerallyapplicabletothecaseofByzantium

C.castaspersionsontraditionalhistoricalscholarshipaboutByzantium

D.suggestthatByzantiumrepresentsacaseforwhichnohistoricalprecedentexists

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.TheByzantinemilitaryrevivalofthe860’sledtoeconomicandculturaladvances.

B.TheByzantineculturalrevivallasteduntil1453.

C.TheByzantineeconomicrecoverybeganinthe900’s.

D.TherevivalofByzantinelearningbegantowardtheendoftheeighthcentury.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.revolutionaryandtoonewtohavebeenappliedtothehistoryoftheByzantineEmpire

B.reasonable,butanantiquatedtheoryofthenatureofprogress

C.notapplicabletotheByzantinerevivalasawhole,butdoesperhapsaccuratelydescribelimitedperiodsduringtherevival

D.equallyapplicabletotheByzantinecaseasawholeandtothehistoryofmilitary,economic,andculturaladvancesinancientGreeceandRome

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】41.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段開頭BetweentheeighthandeleventhcenturiesA.D.,theByzantineEmpirestagedanalmostunparalleledeconomicandculturalrevival,arecoverythatisallthemorestrikingbecauseitfollowedalongperiodofsevereinternaldecline.（在公元8世紀(jì)到11世紀(jì)之間，拜占庭帝國(guó)上演了一場(chǎng)幾乎無與倫比的經(jīng)濟(jì)和文化復(fù)興，這種復(fù)興之所以格外引人注目，是因?yàn)樗?jīng)歷了一段長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的嚴(yán)重內(nèi)部衰退）和最后一段結(jié)尾Thus,thecommonlyexpectedorderofmilitaryrevivalfollowedbyeconomicandthenbyculturalrecoverywasreversedinByzantium.Infact,therevivalofByzantinelearningmayitselfhaveinfluencedthesubsequenteconomicandmilitaryexpansion.（因此，在拜占庭，人們普遍期望的軍事復(fù)興，隨后是經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇，然后是文化復(fù)蘇的秩序被逆轉(zhuǎn)了。事實(shí)上，拜占庭學(xué)習(xí)的復(fù)興本身可能影響了后來的經(jīng)濟(jì)和軍事擴(kuò)張）可知選D選項(xiàng)“拜占庭帝國(guó)在8世紀(jì)和11世紀(jì)之間的復(fù)興顯示了經(jīng)濟(jì)和軍事復(fù)興之前的文化復(fù)興，與普遍接受的進(jìn)步秩序相反”；根據(jù)第二段開頭ToconsidertheByzantinemilitary,cultural,andeconomicadvancesasdifferentiatedaspectsofasinglephenomenonisreasonable.Afterall,thesethreeformsofprogresshavegonetogetherinanumberofstatesandcivilizations.（將拜占庭的軍事、文化和經(jīng)濟(jì)進(jìn)步視為單一現(xiàn)象的不同方面是合理的。畢竟，這三種形式的進(jìn)步在許多國(guó)家和文明中是同時(shí)發(fā)生）可知A選項(xiàng)“拜占庭帝國(guó)是一個(gè)獨(dú)特的例子，在文化復(fù)興之前，通常的軍事和經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)興的秩序被逆轉(zhuǎn)了”錯(cuò)誤，文中只是說明了拜占庭帝國(guó)的發(fā)展順序與一般的不一樣，但并未說明唯一；B選項(xiàng)“810年后，拜占庭的經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇刺激了軍事和文化的擴(kuò)張，這種擴(kuò)張一直持續(xù)到1453年”，C選項(xiàng)“8世紀(jì)拜占庭學(xué)術(shù)的復(fù)興是一種無法解釋的現(xiàn)象，它的經(jīng)濟(jì)和軍事先驅(qū)尚未被發(fā)現(xiàn)”只是文章中的部分內(nèi)容，并不能概括文章主旨。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

42.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可以定位到原文第一段Bytheearlyeighthcentury,theempirehadlostroughlytwo-thirdsoftheterritoryithadpossessedintheyear600…（到了八世紀(jì)初，帝國(guó)在公元600年失去了大約三分之二的領(lǐng)土）可以推斷出在七世紀(jì)時(shí)拜占庭帝國(guó)遭受到了嚴(yán)重的領(lǐng)域損失，所以到八世紀(jì)初，帝國(guó)失去了大約三分之二的領(lǐng)土，選B選項(xiàng)“在七世紀(jì)”，同時(shí)可知A選項(xiàng)“600年”錯(cuò)誤；C選項(xiàng)“拜占庭帝國(guó)的文化成就消失后的一個(gè)世紀(jì)”和D選項(xiàng)“拜占庭學(xué)習(xí)復(fù)興后不久”和原文不符，排除。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

43.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到第三段ThecommonexplanationoftheseapparentconnectionsinthecaseofByzantiumwouldrunlikethis:whentheempirehadturnedbackenemyraidsonitsownterritoryandhadbeguntoraidandconquerenemyterritory,Byzantineresourcesnaturallyexpandedandmoremoneybecameavailabletopatronizeartandliterature.Therefore,Byzantinemilitaryachievementsledtoeconomicadvances,whichinturnledtoculturalrevival.（在拜占庭的例子中，對(duì)這些明顯聯(lián)系的一般解釋是這樣的：當(dāng)?shù)蹏?guó)拒絕了敵人對(duì)自己領(lǐng)土的襲擊，并開始突襲和征服敵人的領(lǐng)土?xí)r，拜占庭的資源自然擴(kuò)大了，更多的錢可以用來資助藝術(shù)和文學(xué)。因此，拜占庭的軍事成就導(dǎo)致了經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展反過來又導(dǎo)致了文化的復(fù)興）證明拜占庭的情況和常見的事件順序不一樣，則選B選項(xiàng)“建立一個(gè)事件的順序，然后顯示不普遍適用于拜占庭的情況”，同時(shí)可知A選項(xiàng)“認(rèn)為拜占庭的復(fù)興過程符合這個(gè)模式”錯(cuò)誤；C選項(xiàng)“對(duì)關(guān)于拜占庭的傳統(tǒng)歷史學(xué)術(shù)進(jìn)行誹謗”不是作者的意圖，在文章中看不到與之相關(guān)的線索；D選項(xiàng)“表明拜占庭代表了一個(gè)沒有歷史先例的案例”也未在原文確定。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

44.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。定位到最后一段Thebeginningoftheempire’seconomicrevival,however,canbeplacedbetween810and830.Finally,theByzantinerevivaloflearningappearstohavebegunevenearlier.（然而，羅馬帝國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇開始于810年至830年之間。最后，拜占庭式的學(xué)習(xí)復(fù)興似乎更早開始）以及最后一句Infact,therevivalofByzantinelearningmayitselfhaveinfluencedthesubsequenteconomicandmilitaryexpansion.（事實(shí)上，拜占庭學(xué)習(xí)的復(fù)興本身可能影響了后來的經(jīng)濟(jì)和軍事擴(kuò)張）可知選D選項(xiàng)“拜占庭學(xué)習(xí)的復(fù)興開始于8世紀(jì)末”，同時(shí)可知A選項(xiàng)“拜占庭軍事的復(fù)興導(dǎo)致了經(jīng)濟(jì)和文化的進(jìn)步”和C選項(xiàng)“拜占庭的經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇開始于900年”錯(cuò)誤；B選項(xiàng)“拜占庭文化的復(fù)興持續(xù)到1453年”在原文中有提及，但是不符合題目所問關(guān)于拜占庭復(fù)興方式的關(guān)鍵證據(jù)，排除。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

45.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文第三段ThecommonexplanationoftheseapparentconnectionsinthecaseofByzantiumwouldrunlikethis:whentheempirehadturnedbackenemyraidsonitsownterritoryandhadbeguntoraidandconquerenemyterritory,Byzantineresourcesnaturallyexpandedandmoremoneybecameavailabletopatronizeartandliterature.（在拜占庭的例子中，對(duì)這些明顯聯(lián)系的一般解釋是這樣的：當(dāng)?shù)蹏?guó)拒絕了敵人對(duì)自己領(lǐng)土的襲擊，并開始突襲和征服敵人的領(lǐng)土?xí)r，拜占庭的資源自然擴(kuò)大了，更多的錢可以用來資助藝術(shù)和文學(xué)）以及結(jié)合第四段開頭Nodoubtthishypotheticalpatterndidapplyattimesduringthecourseoftherecovery.（毫無疑問，在經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇的過程中，這種假設(shè)模式有時(shí)確實(shí)適用）可知選C選項(xiàng)“不適用于拜占庭的整個(gè)復(fù)興，但可能準(zhǔn)確地描述了復(fù)興期間的有限時(shí)期”，同時(shí)可知A選項(xiàng)“革命性的，太新了，不適合應(yīng)用于拜占庭帝國(guó)的歷史”以及D選項(xiàng)“同樣適用于整個(gè)拜占庭案件以及古希臘和羅馬的軍事、經(jīng)濟(jì)和文化進(jìn)步的歷史”錯(cuò)誤；B選項(xiàng)“合理的，但是一個(gè)關(guān)于進(jìn)步本質(zhì)的過時(shí)的理論”原文未涉及，排除。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Thecustomsinspectorwas______forsmugglers.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ontheguard

B.onthewatch

C.onwatch

D.onalert

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)搭配不正確，應(yīng)為onguard“站崗，警惕，提防”；B選項(xiàng)onthewatch“留神，守候，注意”；C選項(xiàng)onwatch“值班，放哨，監(jiān)視”；D選項(xiàng)onalert“提防著，警惕著”。根據(jù)Thecustomsinspector（海關(guān)稽查員）與smugglers（走私者）可知B選項(xiàng)符合邏輯搭配。句意：海關(guān)稽查員在密切關(guān)注著走私者。

12.單選題

SanFranciscoclimbsandfallsovernumeroushills,whichprovide（

）viewsofthewidebayandtheGoldenGateBridge.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.flashy

B.transient

C.breathtaking

D.ambiguous

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。flashy“閃光的，瞬間的”；transient“短暫的”；breathtaking“驚人的，驚險(xiǎn)的，令人激動(dòng)的”；ambiguous“模糊不清的”。句意：舊金山位于高低起伏的小山上，能讓人們看到令人激動(dòng)的大灣以及金門橋。由climbsandfallsovernumeroushills以及空格后的widebay“寬闊海灣”可知海灣和金門橋的景象是令人激動(dòng)的。答案C

13.翻譯題

Mydictionarydefineshappyas“l(fā)ucky”or“fortunate”,butIthinkabetterdefinitionofhappinessis“thecapacityforenjoyment.”Themorewecanenjoywhatwehave,thehappierweare.It’seasytooverlookthepleasurewegetfromlovingandbeingloved,thecompanyoffriends,thefreedomtolivewhereweplease,evengoodhealth.

Iaddedupmylittlemomentsofpleasureyesterday.FirsttherewassheerblisswhenIshutthelastlunchboxandhadthehousetomyself.ThenIspentanuninterruptedmorningwriting,whichIlove.Whenthekidscamehome,Ienjoyedtheirnoiseafterthequirtoftheday.Later,peacedescendedagain,andmyhusbandandIenjoyedanotherpleasure—intimacy.Sometimesjusttheknowledgethathewantsmecanbringmejoy.

【答案】

我的字典把幸福定義為“幸運(yùn)”或“好運(yùn)”。但是我想幸福更好的定義是“享受的能力”。我們?cè)侥芟硎芩鶕碛械囊磺校覀兙驮娇鞓?。我們很容易忽視從愛與被愛、朋友的陪伴、住在想住的地方的自由，甚至健康的身體中獲得的快樂。

我總結(jié)一下我昨天的幸福時(shí)刻：首先是我合上最后一個(gè)午餐飯盒，獨(dú)自在家時(shí)，我感到無比幸福；然后過了一個(gè)寫作不受干擾的上午，這令我愉快；等到孩子們回家，我享受安靜的一天過后他們吵鬧的聲音。不久，寧?kù)o再次降臨，我和丈夫享受另一種快樂——親密。有時(shí)候，只要想到他需要我，就能給我?guī)砜鞓贰?/p>

14.單選題

Whenseeninthislight,thelanguagethesereportersuseismorecomplexthanit_____.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.needs

B.needsto

C.needstobe

D.needstobeso

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.needs需要B.needsto需要

C.needstobe需要D.needstobeso需要這樣

【考查點(diǎn)】比較級(jí)than的用法。

【解題思路】在than的比較狀語從句中，與主句相同部分可以省略，而不同部分需要寫出；在這個(gè)句子中主句是thelanguageismorecomplex（語言更加復(fù)雜），與從句共同的部分是morecomplex，所以從句需要把主謂寫出來，即itneedstobe。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A、B選項(xiàng)不符合語法；

D選項(xiàng)不需要加副詞so。

【句意】從這個(gè)角度看，這些記者使用的語言比需要的更加復(fù)雜。

15.單選題

Inthemorningthechildrenweredelightedtofindthateverythingwasundera（）ofsnowoutside.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.coat

B.cloak

C.frock

D.shawl

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)coat“外套；表層”；B選項(xiàng)cloak“斗篷；寬大外衣”；C選項(xiàng)frock“女裝；連衣裙；罩袍”；D選項(xiàng)shawl“圍巾；長(zhǎng)方形披巾”。句意：早上孩子們高興地發(fā)現(xiàn)，外面的一切都在一層雪的下面。固定搭配acoatof“一層”，結(jié)合此處語境，A選項(xiàng)正確。

16.單選題

[A]Amilk[B]canprovideprotein[C]foracheap,[D]nutritionallybalanceddiet.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.A

B.canprovide

C.foracheap

D.nutritionally

【答案】A

【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】冠詞的使用。

【解題思路】Milk（牛奶）是不可數(shù)名詞，因此不能用不定冠詞a修飾，故去掉a。該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

【句意】牛奶可以提供蛋白質(zhì)，提供便宜、營(yíng)養(yǎng)均衡的飲食。

17.單選題

______，theshortisinsomewaysnotreallynew.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Likemanyanothernewthings

B.Likemuchothernewthings

C.Likemanyothernewthings

D.Likemanyanothernewthing

【答案】C

【解析】考查語法知識(shí)。another“又一，另一個(gè)”，一般用來修飾或代指可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，因此排除A和D選項(xiàng)；much不能用來修飾可數(shù)名詞，排除B選項(xiàng)。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

18.單選題

Imissedthelastflight,anddecided（

）tostaythenightattheairport.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.however

B.therefore

C.moreover

D.meanwhile

【答案】B

【解析】考查句子前后邏輯關(guān)系。句意：我錯(cuò)過了上一趟飛機(jī)，因此我決定整晚待在機(jī)場(chǎng)。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

19.單選題

Overthepastdecade,Americancompanieshavetriedhardtofindwaystodiscourageseniormanagersfromfeatheringtheirownnestsattheexpenseoftheirshareholder.Thethreemostpopularreformshavebeenrecruitingmoreoutsidedirectorsinordertomakeboardsmoreindependent,linkingbosses’paytovariousperformancemeasures,andgivingbossesshareoptionssothattheyhavethesamelong-terminterestsastheirshareholders.

ThesereformshavebeenwidelyadoptedbyAmerica’slargercompanies,andsurveyssuggestthatmanymorecompaniesarethinkingoffollowingtheir,lead.Buthavetheydoneanygood?ThreepaperspresentedattheannualmeetingoftheAcademyofManagementinBostonthisweeksuggestnot.Asisusuallythecasewithboardroomtinkering,theconsequenceshavedifferedfromthoseintended.

Startwiththoseindependentboards.Onthefaceofit,dismissingtheboss’sfriendsfromtheboardandreplacingthemwithoutsiderslooksaperfectwaytomakeseniormanagersmoreaccountable.ButthatisnottheconclusionofastudybyProfessorJamesWestphal.Instead,hefoundthatbosseswithaboardroomfullofoutsidersspendmuchoftheirtimebuildingalliances,doingpersonalfavorsandgenerallypleasingtheoutsiders.

Alltoooften,theseseductionssucceed.Mr.Westphalfoundthat,toaremarkabledegree,“independent”boardspursuestrategiesthat