考研考博-英語-哈爾濱信息工程學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-哈爾濱信息工程學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Thewingsofthebirdstill（）afterithadbeenshotdown.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.slapped

B.scratched

C.flapped

D.fluctuated

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。slap“掌擊，拍掌”；scratch“刮，抓”；flap“拍打”；fluctuate“波動(dòng)”。句意：這只鳥在被擊倒之后，它的翅膀仍然在拍打。A項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.單選題

TheMalaysianadministrationruledthattheevidenceaboutthemissingMH370wasinadmissibleonthegroundsthatitwasimpertinent.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.irrational

B.unreasonable

C.invalid

D.irrelevant

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。impertinent意為“不相干的，不恰當(dāng)?shù)?；粗魯?shù)摹?；irrational意為“不合理的，荒謬的”；unreasonable意為“不合理的，荒唐的”；invalid意為“無效的”；irrelevant意為“無關(guān)緊要的，不相關(guān)的”。

句意：馬來西亞政府裁定，關(guān)于失蹤的MH370的證據(jù)是不可接受的，因?yàn)樗遣幌嚓P(guān)的。

3.單選題

Sheisavery____student.She’salwaystalkingabouttravelingtoouterspace.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.imaginary

B.imaginative

C.imaginable

D.imagining

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析與上下文語義。A選項(xiàng)imaginary“虛構(gòu)的，想象的”；B選項(xiàng)imaginative“富有想象力的；有創(chuàng)造力的”；C選項(xiàng)imaginable“可能的；可想象的”；D選項(xiàng)imagining“想象，動(dòng)詞imagine的現(xiàn)在分詞形式”。句意：她是一個(gè)非常____的學(xué)生。她總是說要去外太空旅行。根據(jù)她經(jīng)常談?wù)摰膬?nèi)容推斷，她是一個(gè)充滿想象力的學(xué)生，B選項(xiàng)最符合句意。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為B。

4.單選題

Ingeneral,oursocietyisbecomingoneofgiantenterprisesdirectedbybureaucraticmanagementinwhichmanbecomesasmall,well-oiledcoginthemachinery.Theoilingisdonewithhigherwages,well-ventilatedandpipedmusic,andbypsychologistsand“human-relations”experts;yetallthisoilingdoesnotalterthefactthatmanhasbecomepowerless,thathedoesnotwholeheartedlyparticipateinhisworkandheisboredwithit.Infact,theblue-andthewhite-collarworkershavebecomeeconomicpuppetswhodancetothetuneofautomatedandbureaucraticmanagement.

Theworkerandemployeeareanxious,notonlybecausetheymightfindthemselvesoutofajob;theyareanxiousalsobecausetheyareunabletoacquireanyrealsatisfactionorinterestinlife.Theyliveanddiewithouteverhavingconfrontedthefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistenceasemotionallyandintellectuallyindependentandproductivehumanbeings.

Thosehigheruponthesocialladderarenolessanxious.Theirlivesarenolessemptythanthoseoftheirsubordinates.Theyareevenmoreinsecureinsomerespects.Theyareinahighlycompetitiverace.Tobepromotedortofallbehindisnotamatterofsalarybutevenmoreamatterofself-respect.Whentheyapplyfortheirfirstjob,theyaretestedforintelligenceaswellasfortherightmixtureofsubmissivenessandindependence.Fromthatmomentontheyaretestedagainandagain!Bythepsychologists,forwhomtestingisabigbusiness,andbytheirsuperiors,whojudgetheirbehavior,sociability,capacitytogetalong,etc.Thisconstantneedtoprovethatoneisasgoodasorbetterthanone’sfellow-competitorcreatesconstantanxietyandstress,theverycausesofunhappinessandillness.

AmIsuggestingthatweshouldreturntothepreindustrialmodeofproductionortonineteen-century“freeenterprise”capitalism?Certainlynot.Problemsareneversolvedbyreturningtoastagewhichonehasalreadyoutgrown.Isuggesttransformingoursocialsystemfromabureaucraticallymanagedindustrialisminwhichmaximalproductionandconsumptionareendsinthemselvesintoahumanistindustrialisminwhichmanandfulldevelopmentofhispotentialities—thoseofloveandofreason—aretheaimsofallsocialarrangements.Productionandconsumptionshouldserveonlyasmeanstothisend,andshouldbepreventedfromrulingman.

1.By“well-oiledcoginthemachinery”theauthorintendstorendertheideathatmanis（）.

2.Therealcauseoftheanxietyoftheworkersandemployeeisthat（）.

3.Fromthepassagewecaninferthatrealhappinessoflifebelongstothose（）.

4.Tosolvethepresentsocialproblemstheauthorsuggeststhatweshould（）.

5.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsindustrialismmightbestbesummarizedasoneof（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.anecessarypartofthesocietythougheachindividual’sfunctionisnegligible

B.workingincompleteharmonywiththerestofthesociety

C.anunimportantpartincomparisonwiththerestofthesociety,thoughfunctioningsmoothly

D.ahumblecomponentofthesociety,especiallywhenworkingsmoothly

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.theyarelikelytolosetheirjobs

B.theyhavenogenuinesatisfactionorinterestinlife

C.theyarefacedwiththefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistence

D.theyaredeprivedoftheirindividualityandindependence

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.whoareatthebottomofthesociety

B.whoarehighupintheirsocialstatus

C.whoprovebetterthantheirfellow-competitors

D.whocouldkeepfarawayfromtheircompetitiveworld

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.resorttotheproductionmodeofourancestor

B.offerhigherwagestotheworkersandemployees

C.enablemantofullydevelophispotentialities

D.takethefundamentalrealitiesforgranted

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.approval

B.dissatisfaction

C.suspicion

D.tolerance

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干定位到第一段第一句Ingeneral,oursocietyisbecomingoneofgiantenterprisesdirectedbyabureaucraticmanagementinwhichmanbecomesasmall,well-oiledcoginthemachinery.（總的來說，我們的社會(huì)正在成為官僚管理下的巨型企業(yè)之一，在這種管理下，人變成了機(jī)器中一個(gè)潤滑良好的小齒輪。）通過第一段我們得知作者認(rèn)為人類已經(jīng)失去了個(gè)性和獨(dú)立性，成為機(jī)器中一顆微不足道的小齒輪，因此C選項(xiàng)“與社會(huì)其他部分相比，盡管運(yùn)行良好但已經(jīng)不甚重要”正確。A選項(xiàng)“盡管每個(gè)人的作用不大，但卻是社會(huì)必要的組成部分”與原文意思相悖，人類已經(jīng)如齒輪一般無足輕重；B選項(xiàng)“與社會(huì)其他方面和諧地工作”并未在文中提及；D選項(xiàng)“尤其在運(yùn)作良好的時(shí)候卻在社會(huì)中仍微不足道”與原文不符。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干定位到第二段theyareanxiousalsobecausetheyareunabletoacquireanyrealsatisfactionorinterestinlife.Theyliveanddiewithouteverhavingconfrontedthefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistenceasemotionallyandintellectuallyindependentandproductivehumanbeings.（他們焦慮也是因?yàn)樗麄儫o法獲得任何真正的滿足或生活的興趣。他們生與死都沒有面對(duì)過人類存在的基本現(xiàn)實(shí)，作為情感上、智力上獨(dú)立的和有生產(chǎn)力的人。）由此可知，其真正原因是情感與理智上獨(dú)立的、富有創(chuàng)造性的個(gè)人生存狀態(tài)被忽視，因此D選項(xiàng)“他們被剝奪了個(gè)性和獨(dú)立性”正確。A選項(xiàng)“他們很可能會(huì)失去工作”是部分原因；B選項(xiàng)“他們對(duì)生活沒有真正的滿足或興趣”與原文相悖；C選項(xiàng)“他們面對(duì)著人類生存的基本現(xiàn)實(shí)”也是部分原因。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干定位第三段最后一句Thisconstantneedtoprovethatoneisasgoodasorbetterthanone’sfellow-competitorcreatesconstantanxietyandstress,theverycausesofunhappinessandillness.（這種不斷地需要證明自己和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手一樣好或更好的需求，造成了持續(xù)的焦慮和壓力，而這正是不快樂和疾病的根源。）說明這種需要不斷證明自己與競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手同樣優(yōu)秀或超過對(duì)手從而不斷地造成焦慮和壓力，正是不幸與疾病的起因。因此，擺脫了競(jìng)爭(zhēng)所造成的焦慮和壓力就可以享受到生命的真正快樂，因此D選項(xiàng)“可以遠(yuǎn)離競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的世界”正確。A選項(xiàng)“社會(huì)最底層的人”與原文不符；B選項(xiàng)“那些社會(huì)地位很高的人”在第三段的第一句話Thosehigheruponthesocialladderarenolessanxious.（那些社會(huì)地位較高的人也同樣焦慮。）因此B選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；C選項(xiàng)“覺得自己比他們的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手更好”不符合原文。

4.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到最后一段Isuggesttransforming...thoseofloveandofreason—aretheaimsofallsocialarrangements.（我建議把我們的社會(huì)制度從以最大限度生產(chǎn)和消費(fèi)為目的的官僚管理的工業(yè)主義轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橐匀撕统浞珠_發(fā)他的潛力——愛和理性的潛力——為一切社會(huì)安排的目的的人文主義工業(yè)主義。）因此C選項(xiàng)“使人能夠充分發(fā)揮他的潛力”正確。A選項(xiàng)“求助于我們祖先的生產(chǎn)方式”在最后一段AmIsuggestingthatweshouldreturntothepreindustrialmodeofproductionortonineteen-century“freeenterprise”capitalism?Certainlynot.（我是在建議我們回到工業(yè)化前的生產(chǎn)方式，還是回到19世紀(jì)的“自由企業(yè)”資本主義？當(dāng)然不是。）因此作者并沒有建議我們回到之前的生產(chǎn)方式；B選項(xiàng)“為工人和雇員提供更高的工資”文章沒有提及；D選項(xiàng)“認(rèn)為基本的現(xiàn)實(shí)是理所當(dāng)然的”也與原文不符。

5.作者態(tài)度題。根據(jù)題干定位到最后一段Isuggesttransformingoursocialsystemfromabureaucraticallymanagedindustrialism...developmentofhispotentialities（我建議把我們的社會(huì)制度從以最大限度生產(chǎn)和消費(fèi)為目的的官僚管理的工業(yè)主義轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橐匀撕统浞珠_發(fā)他的潛力……）可以看出，作者對(duì)現(xiàn)有工業(yè)制度的態(tài)度是不滿的，因此B選項(xiàng)“不滿”正確。A選項(xiàng)“贊同”；C選項(xiàng)“懷疑”；D選項(xiàng)“容忍”都不符合題意。

5.單選題

Themissilemissedthe（

）by1,500metersatitsfirstexperimentalflight.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.destination

B.purpose

C.target

D.terminal

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。Destination“目的地”；target“目標(biāo)”；purpose“目的”；terminal“末端，重點(diǎn)”。句意：在第一次試射中，導(dǎo)彈偏離目標(biāo)1500米。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

6.單選題

Theyhave____mostcarefullythetimeandthematerialsneededtocompletetheproject.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.pickedout

B.leftout

C.takenout

D.figuredout

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.pickedout辨認(rèn)出；挑選B.leftout排除

C.takenout除掉；帶某人出去（吃飯或看電影等）D.figuredout計(jì)算出；想出；弄明白

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】詞組辨析。

【解題思路】句意：他們已經(jīng)非常仔細(xì)地……完成這項(xiàng)工程所需的時(shí)間和材料。根據(jù)句意，完成這項(xiàng)工程所需的時(shí)間和材料是需要他們仔細(xì)地計(jì)算出來的。因此選D。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C選項(xiàng)均不符合句意。

【句意】他們已經(jīng)非常仔細(xì)地計(jì)算出完成這項(xiàng)工程所需的時(shí)間和材料。

7.單選題

Sincetheislandsoilhasbeenbarrenforsomanyyears,thenativesmustnow________muchoftheirfood.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.deliver

B.import

C.produce

D.develop

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。deliver“交付，遞送”；import“輸入，進(jìn)口”；produce“生產(chǎn)，引起”；develop“發(fā)展，進(jìn)步”。句意：由于島上的土壤多年來一直貧瘠，當(dāng)?shù)厝爽F(xiàn)在必須進(jìn)口大多數(shù)食物。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

8.單選題

SinceMr.Whitediedayearago,therehasbeendiscordinthefamilyaboutthedivisionoftheestate.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.distinctions

B.disagreements

C.disadvantages

D.discussions

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.distinctions區(qū)別B.disagreements分歧；爭(zhēng)論

C.disadvantages缺點(diǎn)D.discussions討論

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】分析句子可知，discord是一個(gè)名詞，dis-前綴表示否定的，那么discord可能是一個(gè)貶義詞，由關(guān)鍵信息thedivisionoftheestate（遺產(chǎn)分配問題）綜合理解可推斷，discord是指遺產(chǎn)分配上的分歧或不和，B項(xiàng)詞義與之相近，故該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D項(xiàng)不符合劃線單詞詞義。

【句意】自從懷特先生一年前去世以來，家里在遺產(chǎn)分配問題上一直不和。

9.單選題

Headdeda（）tohisletterbysayingthathewouldarrivebefore8pm.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.presidency

B.prestige

C.postscript

D.preliminary

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)presidency“總統(tǒng)（或董事長、會(huì)長、大學(xué)校長等）的職位（任期）”；B選項(xiàng)prestige“威望，聲望”；C選項(xiàng)postscript“附言；又及”；D選項(xiàng)preliminary“初步的，開始的，預(yù)備的”。句意：他在信上加了（），說他將在晚上8點(diǎn)前到達(dá)。這里表達(dá)的意思是“他在附言里說……”，因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

10.單選題

Foruntoldcenturiesmandependedalmostentirelyonhishuntingabilitytoobtainfood.Fromsunrisetosundown,armedwithclubsandspears,andaidedbytrainedwilddogs,hesearchedforgame—hisforemostsourceoffoodwithhisprimitiveweapons,thelargestandswiftestanimalsofteneludedhim,andthehunterandhisfamilyfrequentlywentfordayswithoutmeat.

Whilethemenwerehuntinggame,thewomenandchildrensearchedforediblevegetation.Fromnearbyplantsandtreestheygatheredberries,nuts,grain,androots.Thesemeagerstaplesstayedthepainofhungerwhenthehuntersreturnedemptyhanded.Whenthesuppliesofgameandplantsinanareawereexhausted,theentiretribewasforcedtomoveontoanewandhopefullybetterregion.Thusmanledanomadicexistence.Hecouldneversettleinoneplaceforlongbecausehisgrowingpopulationoutstrippedtheavailablesupplyoffoodinthearea.

Thenmanmadeoneofhisgreatestdiscoveries—agriculture.Thisrevelationofraisingplantsanddomesticatinganimalswasoneofthemajorstepsincivilization.Agriculturedidnotbyitselfcreatecivilization,butwithoutitmancouldnothavesettledinoneplacelongenoughtobuildapermanenthome.Anthropologistsareuncertainaboutwhenorhowmanfirstlearnedtofarm.Theysuggestitmayhaveresultedfromcasualobservation.Atribeormanytribesoverawideareamighthavestayedinoneplacelongenoughtoseeatruebearfruitformorethanoneseason.Theymayalsohaveobservedthatyoungplantsgrewoutofgroundtoproducefoodastheymatured.

Or,asoneanthropologistsuggests,ahandfulofwildgroinmayhavethrownontotheground,andlatertheseedsgrewintonewplants.Regardlessoftheexactcircumstances,mandideventuallyrecognizethathecouldhaveadependablesourceoffoodifheplantedseedsandlaterharvestedhiscrop.

Aftermanlearnedthathecouldgrowfood,thenextstepwasmasteringcropcultivation.Theearlyfarmerrealizedthathecouldgrowmorefoodiftheseedswerecoveredwithbrokenground.Thisinsightledtothemakingofthefirstfarmequipment-sticksshapedintospadesandhoes.Fromexaminationoftheremainsoftheearliestknownfarmingtools,archaeologistshavedeterminedthatthisoccurredaboutseventhousandyearsago.TheseimplementswerefoundintheareaknownastheFertileCrescent,whichliesbetweentheeastcoastoftheMediterraneanSeaandPersianGulf.Evidencealsoindicatesthatthefarmersofthisarea—possiblythefirstintheworld—cultivatedlargewheatcrops.Totendthesecrops,thehoeandspadesweretransformedintoplows.

Aboutthesametimeasthegrowingofthefirstcrops,man,relyingontheexperiencehehadgainedintrainingwilddogstoaidinhunting,begandomesticatingotheranimals.Overtheyears,hedevelopedherdsofanimalsforfoodandtoaidinhiswork.

Withthecultivationofcropsandthedomestication,ofanimals,manhadafairlydependableandpermanentfoodsupply.Thisaccomplishmentallowedhimtimeforotherwork.Insteadofspendingmostofhiswakinghourshuntingforfood,hewasabletoestablishvillages,andhehadleisuretimetopondernewideasandkeeprecordsofeventsinhislife.Withthediscoveryofagriculture,manceasedhisanimal-likeexistenceandbegantobuildthefoundationforcivilization.

1.Theword"elude"inthefirstparagraphmostprobablymeans（）.

2.Whatisthesignificanceofraisingplantsanddomesticatinganimals?

3.Fromthispassagewecanconcludethat（）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,withthediscoveryofagriculture（）.

5.Duringtheperiodinwhichmanwashuntingforanimalsforfood,mancouldneverliveinoneplacepermanentlybecause（）.

6.Withregardtowhenandhowmanfirstlearnedtofarm,thepassage（）.

7.Manstoppedhisanimal-likelivingafterhe（）..

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.abandon

B.desert

C.escape

D.mummify

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Mendidn'thavetoleadanomadiclife.

B.Theydidn'thavetosearchforediblevegetation.

C.Thelargestandswiftestanimalscouldn'teludethemanymore.

D.Thisindicatesthatmenenteredthecivilizedsociety.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.menmasteredcultivationmethodfromtheirexperiences

B.theylearnedhowtochaseanimalsfromwatchingthemrun

C.mensearchedforgamewithprimitiveweapons

D.sometimestheywereaidedbysometrainedwilddogs

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.menspentmostoftheirtimehuntingforfood

B.civilizationbegan

C.theearlyfarmermadethefirstfarmequipment

D.menbegandomesticatingotheranimals

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.helivedanomadiclife

B.thepopulationgrewsoquickly

C.thefoodsupplieswereexhausted

D.theanimalsoftenescapedhishunting

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.explainsindetails

B.providessomeguesses

C.doesn'tmentionitatall

D.offerssureanswersbyanthropologists

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.stoppedhuntinganimals

B.learnedtomaketoolsforhunting

C.traineddogstoaidinhunting

D.discoveredagriculture

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:C

第6題:B

第7題:D

【解析】1.根據(jù)下文“thehunterandhisfamilyfrequentlywentfordayswithoutmeat.”獵人和他的家人經(jīng)常幾天吃不到肉,說明這些動(dòng)物都躲著獵人,所以“eluded”指的是躲避,逃避；選項(xiàng)C正確。

2.根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知,飼養(yǎng)植物和馴養(yǎng)動(dòng)物的啟示是人類文明的重要步驟之一,并沒有說明人類進(jìn)入了文明社會(huì),所以選項(xiàng)D不正確；農(nóng)業(yè)本身并沒有創(chuàng)造文明,但是如果沒有農(nóng)業(yè),人類不可能在一個(gè)地方定居足夠長的時(shí)間來建立一個(gè)永久的家園。也就是說,有了農(nóng)業(yè),人不必再過游牧生活。選項(xiàng)A正確。

3.根據(jù)原文可知,選項(xiàng)B在文中沒有提及；選項(xiàng)C和D是文中已知的信息；根據(jù)第五段的內(nèi)容可知,人們從他們的經(jīng)驗(yàn)中掌握了種植農(nóng)作物的方法。所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

4.根據(jù)最后一段的最后一句“Withthediscoveryofagriculture,manceasedhisanimal-likeexistenceandbegantobuildthefoundationforcivilization”隨著農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)現(xiàn),人類停止了動(dòng)物般的存在,開始建立文明的基礎(chǔ)。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

5.根據(jù)第二段的倒數(shù)第三句“Whenthesuppliesofgameandplantsinanareawereexhausted,theentiretribewasforcedtomoveontoanewandhopefullybetterregion.”當(dāng)某一地區(qū)的野味和植物供應(yīng)被耗盡時(shí),整個(gè)部落被迫遷移到一個(gè)新的、有希望成為更好的地區(qū)。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

6.根據(jù)第三段“Anthropologistsareuncertainaboutwhenorhowmanfirstlearnedtofarm.Theysuggestitmayhaveresultedfromcasualobservation.”人類學(xué)家不確定人類何時(shí)或如何學(xué)會(huì)耕種。他們認(rèn)為這可能是偶然觀察的結(jié)果。由此可知,本文只是提供了一些猜測(cè),所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

7.根據(jù)最后一段的最后一句“Withthediscoveryofagriculture,manceasedhisanimal-likeexistenceandbegantobuildthefoundationforcivilization”隨著農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)現(xiàn),人類停止了動(dòng)物般的存在,開始建立文明的基礎(chǔ)。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

11.翻譯題

我的英語有多好？對(duì)任何學(xué)習(xí)英語的人來說是最重要的一個(gè)問題。知道這個(gè)問題的答案不僅有助于樹立信心，而且如果你想取得更多的進(jìn)步，知道這個(gè)答案是有用的，因?yàn)橐坏┲酪呀?jīng)達(dá)到一個(gè)水平，你就會(huì)向下一個(gè)水平進(jìn)軍?？荚囋趯W(xué)習(xí)過程中發(fā)揮另外一個(gè)重要的作用——考試證明學(xué)習(xí)者在一種語言中是否熟練。通過語言考試遠(yuǎn)不只是激勵(lì)了自己在語言方面的自尊心。如果你想到英國國家去念大學(xué)，或者你想找一份需要英語技能的工作的話，通過語言考試那就至關(guān)重要了。

【答案】HowgoodismyEnglish?ItisthemostimportantquestionforanyonelearningEnglish.Knowingtheanswertothisquestionbuildsyourconfidence.Moreover,it’susefulifyouwanttomakemoreprogress,becauseonceyouknowyou’vereachedonelevel,you’llmoveontothenext.Anotherimportantroletestsplayinthelearningprocessis—theyprovealearner’sproficiencyinalanguage.Passingalanguagetestismuchmorethanaboosttoone’sself-esteeminlearningalanguage.ItisvitalforyoutopassalanguagetestifyouwanttogotouniversityintheUK,orifyouwanttogetajobrequiringEnglishskills.

12.單選題

Shesaysthefilesshelookedatweren’tconfidentialandwere（）forconsultationbyanyseniormemberofstaff.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.freeavailable

B.freelyavailing

C.freeavailably

D.freelyavailable

【答案】D

【解析】語法和固定搭配。根據(jù)空格前的be動(dòng)詞were可知，空格處的中心詞應(yīng)該是一個(gè)形容詞。available“可獲得的，可購得的”；availably“有效用地，可獲得地”；availing為動(dòng)詞avail的現(xiàn)在分詞形式。所以排除選項(xiàng)B和C。形容詞前可有副詞修飾，freely“免費(fèi)地，自由地”，free“免費(fèi)的，自由的”。句意：她說她看的文件不是機(jī)密的，并且任何高級(jí)職員都可以免費(fèi)獲得這些文件的咨詢。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

13.單選題

Peterhadhispiano______yesterdayandtheresultisexcellent.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.tuned

B.turned

C.tied

D.wound

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)tuned“（為樂器）調(diào)音，校音”；B選項(xiàng)turned“（使）轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，旋轉(zhuǎn)”；C選項(xiàng)tied“（用線、繩等）系，拴”；D選項(xiàng)wound“使（身體）受傷，（用武器）傷害”。句意：彼得昨天請(qǐng)人給鋼琴______，結(jié)果很好。根據(jù)語境，這里A選項(xiàng)tuned“（為樂器）調(diào)音”搭配鋼琴比較合理，意思是請(qǐng)人給鋼琴調(diào)音以后，鋼琴彈出來的效果就很好了，符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Whatthesepeoplewantisa______existence—morefood,bettershelterandpeace.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.rational

B.ambivalent

C.reluctant

D.tolerable

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)rational“合理的，理性的”，B項(xiàng)ambivalent“矛盾的，好惡相克的”，C項(xiàng)reluctant“不情愿的，勉強(qiáng)的”，D項(xiàng)tolerable“可容忍的，容忍的”。由morefood,bettershelterandpeace（更多的食物，更好的住所和和平）可知，空格處是要填入一個(gè)褒義詞，B、C項(xiàng)排除；D項(xiàng)不符合語境，只有A項(xiàng)正確。句意：這些人想要的是一種理性的生活：更多的食物，更好的住所和和平。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

15.單選題

Theyaremeticulousinwork,wellawareacarelessmistakewillcostthecompanymillionsofpounds.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.rathercasual

B.prettyslow

C.verycarefully

D.reallyconsiderate

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞和詞組辨析。meticulous“小心翼翼的；A選項(xiàng)rathercasual“非常隨便的”；B選項(xiàng)prettyslow“相當(dāng)慢的”；C選項(xiàng)verycarefully“非常小心地”；D選項(xiàng)reallyconsiderate“確實(shí)體貼的”。句意：在工作中，他們小心翼翼，很清楚一個(gè)粗心的錯(cuò)誤將花費(fèi)公司數(shù)百萬英鎊。由題干中的“wellaware很清楚”可知meticulous在這里為“小心翼翼的”的意思，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

16.單選題

Despitewars,famines,andepidemics,Earth’spopulationisboomingaheadtonewrecordswithnoendinsight.

Everyday,theworldaddsenoughpeopletopopulateamedium-sizedcityintheUS.Inonemonth,thenumberofnewworldcitizensequalsthepopulationofNewYorkCity.Everyyear,thereare90millionmoremouthstofeed,morethanthetotalpopulationofGermany.

Severalfactorsarepropellingthisrapidgrowth,includinganelementthatofoftenoverlooked;thehugenumberofteenagerswhoarebecomingmothers,particularlyinthecountriesofsub-SaharanAfrica.

InfourAfricannationsNiger,Mali,SierraLeone,andIvoryCoast1outofevery5adolescentfemalesofchildbearingagehasababyannually.

TheUSBureauoftheCensussaysthishighrateofmotherhoodamongteenshashelpedtomaintainthehighpaceofbirthsacrossmostoftheAfricancontinent.Bystartingafamilyearly,atypicalwomaninSomalia,forinstance,hassevenchildrenduringherlifetime.EquallylargefamiliesaretheruleinZambia,Zaire,Uganda,Mauritania,Mali,Malawi,andEthiopia.

Thecurrentrecord-holderforfertilityisstrife-tornRwanda,whereatypicalmotherhasatleasteightorninechildren.

WhilepopulationexpertsoftenfocusonAfrica’sproblems,analystsnotethatteenagedmothersarealsofarmoreprevalentintheUnitedStatesthaninFrance,Germany,Italy,Sweden,orBritain.

Thisissue“babieshavingbabies”hasrecentlygainedprominenceintheUS.TeenagedmotherhoodintheUShasfueledanexpansionoftheState-federalwelfaresystemandbroughtcriesforwelfarereformfromlawmakers.

Withitshighrateofteenbirths,theUSnowranksalongsideIndonesiaandpartsofSouthAmerica,andonlymodestlyaheadofMexico,India,andPakistan.

Overall,thefertilityrateamongAmericansremainsrelativelylowat2.1birthsperwoman-aboutthereplacementlevel.AlthoughtheUSpopulationisexpectedtoclimbsteadily,from260milliontodayto323millionby2020,mostofthatgrowthwillcomefromimmigration.

TheCensusBureauestimatesthatinHaiti,wherethousandsofcitizensaretryingtofleetotheUSbecauseofmilitaryoppressionandpoverty,AIDSwillcuttheannualgrowthrateduringthenext25yearsfrom2.1percentto1.3percent.

ThedeclineingrowthisevensharperintheCentralAfricanRepublic,whererateswilldipfrom2.4percentto0.7percent.InThailand,whichalreadyhadlowbirthrates,ADISwilldrivepopulationdownwardto0.8percentayear.

Inthe16countriesthatarehithardest,AIDSwilllowerpopulationsby121millionoverexpectedprojectionsby2020.InAfrica,theimpactofAIDSissogreatthattrendstowardlongerlifespansduringthepast40yearsbeingreversed.Somenationswillsufferdeclinesinaveragelifespansof0to30yearscomparedwithexpectedlifespanswithoutAIDS.

IntheUS,whereAIDSisalsoasubstantialproblemtheimpactwillbelowerbecausethediseaseismostlylimitedtohomosexualsanddruguser,saysPeterWay,aCensusBureauresearch.InmanyAfricannations,AIDSisprevalentamongtheheterosexualpopulations,withsharplyboostsinfantmortality.

Acompellingchapterintheresearchdealswithaging.Todaythemedianageindevelopedcountriesis35,andthatindevelopingnationsisonly23.By2020,thecorrespondingfigureswillbe42and28.

Todaytherearefeweradultsover60(525million)thanchildrenunder5(636million).Astheworldpopulationages,by2020thenumberover60willbemorethan1billion,whilethoseunder5willtotal717million.

1.Sub-SaharanAfricancountries（

）.

2.Thepassagestatesteenagedbirthsare

（

）.

3.ThepopulationgrowthrateintheUSis

（

）.

4.Fromthefactualdatainthepassage,weknowthatbytheyear2020

（

）.

5.Thepassageimpliesthatbytheyear2020（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.willhavethelargestworldpopulationby2020

B.havethehighestreproductiverateintheworld

C.areonlymodestlyaffectedbyAIDS

D.willhaveincreasinglylonglifespan

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.rareindevelopedcountries

B.mostprevalentinIndonesia

C.commoninRwanda

D.solelyresponsibleforpopulationincrease

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.higherthanthatinIndia

B.lowerthanthatinMexico

C.higherthanthatinIndonesia

D.lowerthanthatinSouthAmerica

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.thepopulationgrowthratesinThailandwillhaveincreased

B.therewillbedisproportionatenumberofolderpeople

C.USpopulationgrowthratewillstabilize

D.theaverageageofEuropeanswillbe35

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.birthrateswillbecurbedindevelopingcountries

B.therewillnolongerbeapopulationproblem

C.therewillbetoomanyyoungchildren

D.thedistributionoftheworld’spopulationwillhavealtered

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.推理判斷題。題目問的是“撒哈拉以南非洲國家……”。文章第六段提到“人口出生率記錄的現(xiàn)在保持者是飽受戰(zhàn)亂的盧旺達(dá)，那里一位母親至少有八個(gè)或九個(gè)小孩”（Thecurrentrecord-holderforfertilityisstrife-tornRwanda,whereatypicalmotherhasatleasteightorninechildren），由此可知選項(xiàng)B“有世界上最強(qiáng)的繁殖能力”符合題意，

2.推理判斷題。題目問的是“文章稱青少年當(dāng)母親……”。提到“人口出生率記錄的現(xiàn)在保持者是飽受戰(zhàn)亂的盧旺達(dá)，那里一位母親至少有八個(gè)或九個(gè)小孩”（Thecurrentrecord-holderforfertilityisstrife-tornRwanda,whereatypicalmotherhasatleasteightorninechildren），由此可知在盧旺達(dá)生孩子的年齡偏小是中普遍現(xiàn)象，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。題目問的是“美國人口增長率……”。文章第九段提到“由于美國高的青少年為人母比率高，它的出生率現(xiàn)在跟上了印度尼西亞和非洲的部分地區(qū)，比墨西哥，印度以及巴基斯坦稍微高些”（Withitshighrateofteenbirths,theUSnowranksalongsideIndonesiaandpartsofSouthAmerica,andonlymodestlyaheadofMexico,India,andPakistan），由此可知選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

4.推理判斷題。題目問的是“從文中的實(shí)際數(shù)字，我們知道到2020年的時(shí)候……”。文章最后一段最后一句話提到“隨著世界人口老齡化，到2020年，60歲以上的人口將超過10億，而5歲以下的人口總數(shù)將達(dá)到7.71億”（Astheworldpopulationages,by2020thenumberover60willbemorethan1billion,whilethoseunder5willtotal717million），選項(xiàng)B“將出現(xiàn)比例失調(diào)的老年人數(shù)量”符合題意。

5.推理判斷題。題目問的是“文章暗示到2020年……”。文章提到了不同國家的人口出生率，以及最后提到世界人口老齡化程度加劇，都說明世界人口分布將發(fā)生變化，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

17.單選題

TheartistoftheRenaissancewasanall-roundman.Fromhisstudioonecouldorderapaintingforthechurchaltar,acarvedweddingchest,asilverewer,oracrucifix.ThemasteroftheworkshopmightbesculpturingaVenusfortheduke’sgardenwhilehisapprenticeswereroughingstatuesforthenewchapel.Manyofthewell-knownpaintersofthatgoldenperiodweregoldsmiths,workersinglass,enameloriron.Theengineerwasartistandtheartistwasengineer.ThegreatLeonardo,famoustodayasthepainterofTheLastSupperandMonaLisa,wasperhapsequallywellknowninthe16thcenturyforhisengineeringprojectsandhisscientificexperiments.OurownThomasA.Edisonpronouncedhimthegreatestinventivegeniusofhistime.

1.AnimportantcenturyintheRenaissancewas（

）.

2.Whenwewanttosaythatamancoulddomanythings,wesayheis

（

）.

3.Thewordforhelperinthispassageis

（

）.

4.ThepainteroftheLastSupperwas

（

）.

5.Awordforinventiveis（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thetwelfth

B.theeighteenth

C.thefourteenth

D.thesixteenth

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.anartist-engineer

B.apainter

C.equallywell-known

D.anall-roundman

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.master

B.worker

C.apprentice

D.goldsmith

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.MonaLisa

B.aduke

C.Leonardo

D.ThomasEdison

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.creative

B.scientific

C.engineer

D.genius

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.判斷推理題。文章中提到達(dá)芬奇生活在16世紀(jì)，本段說的就是文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期的藝術(shù)家。因此可推斷16世紀(jì)就是文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期的一個(gè)重要世紀(jì)。D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.語義推斷題。文章第一句就稱文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期的藝術(shù)家為“all-roundman全才”從第二句開始就描寫了一個(gè)藝術(shù)家的多重身份，由此可知，具備多方面的才能的人就是“全才”，D選項(xiàng)正確。

3.語義推斷題。A選項(xiàng)master“主人；大師”；B選項(xiàng)worker“工人；勞動(dòng)者”；C選項(xiàng)apprentice“學(xué)徒；生手”；D選項(xiàng)goldsmith“金匠”。這四個(gè)身份中，唯一與helper“助手”相關(guān)的詞應(yīng)是C選項(xiàng)學(xué)徒，第三句說到“ThemasteroftheworkshopmightbesculpturingaVenusfortheduke’sgardenwhilehisapprenticeswereroughingstatuesforthenewchapel.作坊的大師可能正在為公爵的花園雕刻維納斯雕像，而他的學(xué)徒們則在為新教堂雕刻雕像的毛坯?！闭f明學(xué)徒們只是助手角色，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

4.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。在倒數(shù)第二句中提到“thegreatLeonardo,famoustodayasthepainterofTheLastSupperandMonaLisa”可知Leonardo是TheLastSupper的畫家。C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.語義推斷題。Incentive在文中是愛迪生用來形容Leonardo（達(dá)芬奇）的，后面的名詞是genius“天才”。A選項(xiàng)creative“創(chuàng)造性的”；B選項(xiàng)scientific“科學(xué)的”；C選項(xiàng)engineer“工程師”；D選項(xiàng)genius“天才”。C和D詞性不符合，B選項(xiàng)一般不用來形容天才，因此A選項(xiàng)正確的。incentive本義表示“發(fā)明的”。

18.單選題

Onestudentafteranother（

）uptoanswertheteacher’squestions.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.stand

B.stands

C.standing

D.tostand

【答案】B

【解析】考查主謂一致。分析句子，可知“____up”為謂語動(dòng)詞，“toanswertheteacher’squestions”為不定式作目的狀語，故排除C、D。one...afteranother（一個(gè)接一個(gè)）后面的謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式，因此選B。句意：學(xué)生一個(gè)接一個(gè)站起來回答老師的問題。

19.單選題

Shesaidthatshehad（

）couragetofight（

）brutalmanbecauseshehad（

）supportfrom（

）Lord.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thea...the.../

B./...a...the/

C.a...a...the...the

D.the...a...thethe

【答案】D

【解析】考查冠詞的用法。courage是不可數(shù)名詞，用the修飾;man是可數(shù)名詞，且上文沒有提及過，用不定冠詞修飾;support指從Lord那里得到的支持，特指，用the修飾；Lord是專有名詞，且獨(dú)一無二，用the修飾。因此，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

20.單選題

Yes,it’sahackneyedphrase,butpoliticsistheartofthepossible.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.trite

B.haggard

C.poundage

D.sighted

【答案】A

【解析】考查同義形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)trite“陳腐的，平庸的，老一套的”；B選項(xiàng)haggard“憔悴的，野性的，（鷹）未馴服的”；C選項(xiàng)poundage“按每磅收取的手續(xù)費(fèi)或稅金，磅重總數(shù)”；D選項(xiàng)sighted“有視力的，不盲的”。句意：是的，這是一個(gè)陳詞濫調(diào)，但政治是可能的藝術(shù)。Hackneyed“陳腐的，平庸的”，A選項(xiàng)與該詞意思最相近，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

21.單選題

Theneedforsolarelectricityisclear.Itissafe,ecologicallysound,efficient,continuouslyavailable,andithasnomovingparts.Thebasicproblemwiththeuseofsolarphotovoltaicdevicesiseconomics,butuntilrecentlyverylittleprogresshasbeenmadetowardthedevelopmentoflow-costphotovoltaicdevices.Thelargerpartofresearchfundinghasbeendevotedtostudyofsingle-crystalsiliconsolarcells,despite