考研考博-英語(yǔ)-四川信息職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-四川信息職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Questions12to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Hefoundtherehadbeenlittleresearchontheirlanguage.

B.HewastryingtopreservethelanguagesoftheIndiantribes.

C.Hiscontactwithasocialworkerhadgreatlyarousedhisinterestinthetribe.

D.HismeetingwithGonzalezhadmadehimeagertolearnmoreaboutthetribe.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.HetaughtCopelandtospeaktheTarahumaraslanguage.

B.HepersuadedtheTarahumarastoacceptCopeland’sgifts.

C.Herecommendedoneofhisbestfriendsasaninterpreter.

D.HeactedasanintermediarybetweenCopelandandthevillagers.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Unpredictable.

B.Unjustifiable.

C.Laborious.

D.Tedious.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theirappreciationofhelpfromtheoutsiders.

B.Theirsenseofsharingandcaring.

C.Theirreadinesstoadapttotechnology.

D.Theirbeliefincreatingwealthforthemselves.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

【解析】PassageTwo

TheideatostudytheAmericanIndiantribe,Tarahumaras,cametoJamesCopelandin1984,[12]whenhediscoveredthatverylittleresearchhadbeendoneontheirlanguage.HecontactedatribememberthroughasocialworkerwhoworkedwiththetribesmeninMexico.Atfirst,thetribemember,namedGonzalez,wasveryreluctanttocooperate.HetoldCopelandthatnoamountofmoneycouldbuyhislanguage.ButafterCopelandexplainedtohimwhatheintendedtodowithhisresearchandhowitwouldbenefittheTarahumaras,Gonzalezagreedtohelp.[13]HetookCopelandtohisvillageandservedasanintermediary.Copelandsays:“Thankstohim,theTarahumarasunderstoodwhatourmissionwasandstartedtrustingus.”

[14]EnteringtheworldoftheTarahumarashasbeenalaboriousprojectforCopeland.Toreachthen-homelandhemustdrivetwoandahalfdaysfromHouston,Texas.Heloadsuphisvehiclewithgoodsthatthetribesmencan’teasilyget,andgivesgoodstothemasagestureoffriendship.TheTarahumaras,whodon’tbelieveinaccumulatingwealth,takethefoodandshareitamongthemselves.

ForCopeland,theexperiencehasnotonlybeenacademicallysatisfying,butalsohasenrichedhislifeinseveralways.“Iseepeoplerejectingtechnologyandlivingaveryhard,traditionallife,whichoffersmeanothernotionaboutthemeaningofprogressinthewesterntradition,”hesays.“IexperiencethesimplicityoflivinginnaturethatIwouldotherwiseonlybeabletoreadabout.[15]Iseealotofbeautyintheirsenseofsharingandconcernforeachother.

12.WhydidJamesCopelandwanttostudytheAmericanIndiantribeTarahumaras?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)的是JamesCopeland研究美洲印第安部落塔拉烏馬拉人（Tarahumaras）的原因。錄音開(kāi)頭提到，他發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)塔拉烏馬拉人的語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行的研究很少，于是產(chǎn)生了研究該部落的念頭，A選項(xiàng)“他發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)他們語(yǔ)言的研究幾乎沒(méi)有”與錄音原文表述相符，因此正確。B選項(xiàng)“他正努力保護(hù)印第安人部落的語(yǔ)言”在錄音中并未提及；C選項(xiàng)“他與一名社會(huì)工作者的接觸極大地激發(fā)了他對(duì)該部落的興趣”，利用錄音中出現(xiàn)的asocialworker設(shè)置干擾，錄音說(shuō)的是他通過(guò)一名社會(huì)工作者與部落的成員取得了聯(lián)系，是研究該部落的一種渠道而不是研究該部落的原因，因此可排除；D選項(xiàng)“與Gonzalez的會(huì)面使他渴望更多地了解這個(gè)部落”，錄音中提及Copeland與Gonzalez的會(huì)面是發(fā)生在他產(chǎn)生了研究興趣之后，因此也可排除。

13.HowdidGonzalezhelpJamesCopeland?

【試題答案】D

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)Gonzalez是如何幫助Copeland的？錄音中提到，Gonzalez帶Copeland去了他所在的村落，并充當(dāng)了中間人，D選項(xiàng)“他在Copeland和村民之間扮演著中間人的角色”符合錄音原文的表述，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“他教Copeland說(shuō)塔拉烏馬拉人的語(yǔ)言”和C項(xiàng)“他推薦他的一位好朋友當(dāng)翻譯”在錄音中均沒(méi)有信息提及；B選項(xiàng)“他勸服塔拉烏馬拉人接受Copeland的禮物”，錄音只說(shuō)了塔拉烏馬拉人接受了禮物，并與大家一起分享，并沒(méi)有提及他們是否在Gonzalez的勸說(shuō)下才接受禮物，因此B選項(xiàng)也可排除。

14.WhatdoesthespeakersayaboutJamesCopeland’striptotheTarahumarasvillage?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)說(shuō)話(huà)者對(duì)JamesCopeland的塔拉烏馬拉人村落之旅的看法。錄音提到，對(duì)Copeland而言，進(jìn)入塔拉烏馬拉人的世界是一項(xiàng)艱苦的任務(wù)（alaboriousproject），因此C選項(xiàng)“艱苦的，費(fèi)勁的”正確。A選項(xiàng)“不可預(yù)知的”；B選項(xiàng)“不合理的”和D選項(xiàng)“乏味的”在錄音中均沒(méi)有信息提及。

15.WhatimpressesJamesCopelandabouttheTarahumarastribe?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)塔拉烏馬拉部落給Copeland留下深刻印象的是什么？錄音結(jié)尾提到，Copeland從他們互相分享和關(guān)心中看到了很多美好，因此B選項(xiàng)“他們的分享和關(guān)心”正確。A選項(xiàng)“他們對(duì)外來(lái)者的幫助表示感激”，錄音中沒(méi)有提及；C選項(xiàng)“他們樂(lè)于適應(yīng)科技”，錄音中提到的是（塔拉烏馬拉部落的）人們拒絕科技（rejectingtechnology），因此C選項(xiàng)不正確；D選項(xiàng)“他們?yōu)樽约簞?chuàng)造財(cái)富的信仰”，錄音中提及塔拉烏馬拉人不崇尚積累財(cái)富（whodon’tbelieveinaccumulatingwealth），因此D選項(xiàng)也不正確。

2.單選題

Theideaofspendingtherestofmylifetherenever（）me.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.approvesto

B.attractsto

C.appallsto

D.appealsto

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)approveto“批準(zhǔn)，贊成”，B選項(xiàng)attract“吸引”，一般沒(méi)有“attractto”這樣的用法，可以用attractsb.todosth.或者sb.isattractedtodosth.，C選項(xiàng)appall“使膽寒，使大吃一驚”，一般不和介詞to搭配；D選項(xiàng)appealsto“呼吁，吸引，要求”。句意：在那里度過(guò)余生的想法從來(lái)沒(méi)有吸引過(guò)我。由選項(xiàng)意思和固定搭配可知，D選項(xiàng)符合句意。

3.單選題

IunderstandyourhobbyisphotographyandI’vegotajobthat（

）interestyouinmy

company.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.may

B.can

C.might

D.could

【答案】A

【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。這四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中表示的可能性由大到小依次為cancouldmaymight。can表示一般和理論上的可能性；could表示“能力”或“可能性”，并且表示比較委婉客氣地提出問(wèn)題或表達(dá)看法；may表示一種可能性；might表示的可能性極小。前半句“我知道你的興趣是攝影”這是一種事實(shí)，這份工作之間讓他對(duì)公司感興趣存在可能性。故A項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

OntheafternoonofJuly2,1936,NaziSSleaderHeinrichHimmlerandacoterieofhisseniorofficersparadedonfootthroughthewindingcobblestonestreetsofQuedlinburg,oneofthemostperfectlypreservedmedievalcitiesinallEurope.Himmler’sstaffhadbeenplanningthetriptothesmallcityincentralGermanyforweeks.Theyorderedthestreetstobecleanedandtheoldhousesalongthemainthoroughfarestobepainted.TheydrapedNazibannersfromtherooftopsandgarlandsalongthewalls.TheyrehearsedtheSSband,drilledthelocalchapterofHitlerYouthandarrangedforanSSphotographertorecordtheproceedingsfrombeginningtoend.Nothingofimportancewasoverlooked.

Dressedinashinyblackhelmet,immaculateblackuniformandtallblackboots,Himmlermadehiswayupthecity’sCastleHill.Paleandanemic-looking,withaspindlyframeandaheadoneortwosizestoosmallforhisbody,helookedstrangelyoutofplaceamonghisentourageoftall,athletic-lookingSSmen.HestoppedtoadmireQuedlinburg’ssplendidstonecastle,thenproceededtoitslargemedievalcathedral—theultimateobjectofhispilgrimage.HimmlerdespisedChristianity,areligionthatpreachedcompassionfortheweakandthebrotherhoodofallmenandacceptedaJewasthesonofGod.ButtheQuedlinburgcathedralguardedsomethingofimmenseimportancetohim—thetombofanobscure10th-centuryGermanking,HeinrichI.

Himmlerwasenthralledbyancienthistory,andhewantedallSSmentosharehispassion.Indeed,heregardedthefeudalpastasablueprintforthefuturegloryoftheThirdReich.HeviewedHeinrichIasagreatleaderwhocouldserveasamodelforAdolfHitlerandplannedtotransformthecathedral’sdustytombintoanSSshrine.HimmlerstoodatthefootofthecryptandgaveaspeechexhortinghisofficerstopaycarefulheedtoGermany’sproudancientpast,“Justasatreewithersifitsrootsareremoved,soapeoplefalliftheydonothonortheirancestors,”helaterwarned.

Foryears,scholarsoftheThirdReichhaveridiculedHimmler’sintenseinterestintheGermanpast,dismissingoccasionssuchashisvisittoQuedlinburgasthefoolishnessofafanaticdrunkonpower.EvensomeseniorNazispokedfunathisardorforhistory.AsAlbertSpeer,Hitler’sformerchiefarchitect,jeeredafterthewar,Himmler“washalfschoolmaster,halfcrackpot”.ButHimmlerwasdeadlyseriousaboutreturningtheThirdReichtothelostgoldenageofhisimagination.In1935hefoundedalargeSSresearchinstitute,employingmorethan100GermanscholarstostudythepastandhelptutorSSmeninthewaysoftheirancestors.Withsuchresearch,heintendedtotransformvaststretchesoftheReichintomedievalfiefdomsruledbySSlords,aplanhebeganactingonbeforethewar.Farfrombeingadreamerlostinfantasy,Himmlerwasacareful,methodicalplannerwhoworkeddiligentlytowardthissinisterfutureinmuchthesametirelesswaythathelaboredoncreatingtheconcentrationcampsystemandimplementinga“finalsolution”.Indeed,thesewerethetwinpolesofhisexistence,theyinandyangofhisworld:thesqualid,crowdedcampsandthesunnySSfarmvillages.

Himmlersetaboutconstructingthisfutureinthreeways.Herecruitedtall,blond-hairedmentotheSSinordertoscientificallyrebreedwhathebelievedwasaprimevalmasterrace.Withthehelpofhisresearchers,heinstructedSSmenandtheirfamiliesinancientGermanreligion,loreandfarmingpractices.Andbeforethewarstarted,hebeganinstallingSSfamiliesin“feudal”villagesofnewlyfabricatedmedieval-stylehouses.HeplannedtocreatethousandsoftheseantiquecoloniesinconqueredlandsacrossEasternEurope.Inthisway,Himmlerhopedtogivebirthtoanewgoldenage,therebyreversingthedeclineofWesterncivilizationandrescuinghumanityfromitsmire.Thiswassocialengineeringinitsmostswaggering,arrogantform—utopianismgonehorriblywrong.ButHimmler,whorosetobecomethesecondmostpowerfulmanintheReichbyearly1945asHitler’shealthfailed,follyintendedtocarryoutthatplanifNaziGermanywonthewar.OnlycrushingdefeatbytheAlliesstoppedhim.

1.Whichofthefollowingexpressionsisclosestinmeaningto“coterie”？

2.WhichofthefollowingphrasesbestdescribeshowHimmlerintendedallSSmentoassimilateGermany’sfeudalpast?

3.Fromthispassage,itisclearthatHimmlerprimarilyintended（

）.

4.ForAlbertSpeerHimmlerwas“halfschoolmaster,halfcrackpot”.Inwhichofthefollowingisthemeaningofthisquoteclosest?

5.Fortheauthor,Himmlerwouldbestbedescribedas（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Aselectedgroupofpersonswhoassociatewithoneanotherfrequently.

B.Alargenumberofpersonswithwhomonemightmeetonsocialoccasions.

C.Anindiscriminategroupofpersonswhoassociatewithoneanotheronrareoccasions.

D.Alargenumberofpersonswhoassociatewithoneanothertodiscusspoliticalmatters.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Esotericcultandpractices.

B.Eccentricapproach.

C.Catatonicstate.

D.Histrionicdisorder.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.tobringancientagriculturalpracticesinto20thcenturyGermany

B.toreturntoaprosperouseraduringwhichtheGermanpeoplelivedinidealhappiness

C.toencouragethedevelopmentofmulticulturalisminameltingpotsociety

D.toeliminateallthosewhocouldhavethreatenedhisrisetopower

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Himmler’spassionforGermany’smedievalpastwasregardedasabsurd.

B.Himmler’spassionforGermany’smedievalpastprovokedintenserivalryamongotherprominentNazileaders.

C.Himmler’spassionforGermany’smedievalpastprovokedwidespreademulationamongstotherprominentNazileaders.

D.OthershadtheprivilegeofstudyingtheaweinspiringbreadthanddepthofHimmler’spassionforGermany’smedievalpast.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.autopianreformer

B.anincurableromanticlostintime

C.animprobablevisionary

D.alevel-headedpurpose-drivenman

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:1.判斷推理題。題干中關(guān)鍵詞coterie出現(xiàn)在文章首段首句，acoterieof用來(lái)修飾后面的hisseniorofficers，是量詞。前面主人公是納粹黨衛(wèi)軍領(lǐng)袖，他與軍官們自然是處于同一陣線(xiàn)的。A選項(xiàng)“經(jīng)?；ハ嘟煌囊唤M人”；B選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)人在社交場(chǎng)合可能會(huì)遇到的許多人”；C選項(xiàng)“無(wú)差別的一群人，只會(huì)在極少數(shù)情況下有往來(lái)”；D選項(xiàng)“許多人互相聯(lián)系討論政治問(wèn)題”。軍隊(duì)領(lǐng)袖與他的軍官之間自然是屬于第一類(lèi)“經(jīng)常互相交往的一組人”。

第2題:2.判斷推理題。本題關(guān)鍵在于“howHimmlerintendedallSSmentoassimilateGermany’sfeudalpast（希姆萊打算如何讓所有黨衛(wèi)軍成員同化德國(guó)的封建歷史）”，相關(guān)信息出現(xiàn)在第三段第二句“heregardedthefeudalpastasablueprintforthefuturegloryoftheThirdReich”，他認(rèn)為過(guò)去的封建制度是第三帝國(guó)輝煌的未來(lái)藍(lán)圖。緊跟著第三句說(shuō)到“...plannedtotransformthecathedral’sdustytombintoanSSshrine”，計(jì)劃將大教堂布滿(mǎn)灰塵的墳?zāi)棺兂牲h衛(wèi)軍的圣地。在最后一段第三句中提到“…h(huán)einstructedSSmenandtheirfamiliesinancientGermanreligion,loreandfarmingpractices”，他教導(dǎo)黨衛(wèi)軍士兵和他們的家人學(xué)習(xí)古德國(guó)的宗教、知識(shí)和耕作方法。對(duì)比選項(xiàng)可知，A選項(xiàng)“宗教信仰和實(shí)踐”符合題意。

第3題:3.判斷推理題。本題關(guān)鍵在于“Himmlerprimarilyintended（希姆萊主要目的是）”，最后兩段說(shuō)了希姆萊的一些做法及計(jì)劃，但是關(guān)鍵在于最后一段中第六句說(shuō)到“Inthisway,Himmlerhopedtogivebirthtoanewgoldenage,therebyreversingthedeclineofWesterncivilizationandrescuinghumanityfromitsmire”，通過(guò)這種方式，希姆萊希望創(chuàng)造出一個(gè)新的黃金時(shí)代，從而扭轉(zhuǎn)西方文明的衰落，將人類(lèi)從泥潭中拯救出來(lái)。因此，希姆萊的主要意圖是B選項(xiàng)“復(fù)興德國(guó)人曾幸福生活的繁榮時(shí)代”。

第4題:4.語(yǔ)義題。AlbertSpeer對(duì)于希姆萊的這句評(píng)價(jià)出現(xiàn)在文章第四段第三句，他人的評(píng)價(jià)可以認(rèn)為是“果”，而“因”則要往前面找。本段第一句說(shuō)到“Foryears,scholarsoftheThirdReichhaveridiculedHimmler’sintenseinterestintheGermanpast,dismissingoccasionssuchashisvisittoQuedlinburgasthefoolishnessofafanaticdrunkonpower.”第三帝國(guó)的學(xué)者們一直嘲笑希姆萊對(duì)德國(guó)歷史的濃厚興趣，認(rèn)為像他訪(fǎng)問(wèn)奎德林堡這樣的場(chǎng)合是一個(gè)醉心于權(quán)力的狂熱分子的愚蠢行為。換句話(huà)說(shuō)希姆萊對(duì)德國(guó)中世紀(jì)歷史的熱愛(ài)被認(rèn)為是荒謬的，A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第5題:5.觀(guān)點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。作者在第四段對(duì)于希姆萊做了這樣的評(píng)價(jià)“Farfrombeingadreamerlostinfantasy,Himmlerwasacareful,methodicalplanner”，說(shuō)他并不是迷失在幻想中的夢(mèng)想家，而是細(xì)心、有條理的策劃者。A選項(xiàng)autopianreformer“一個(gè)烏托邦式的改革者”；B選項(xiàng)anincurableromanticlostintime“迷失在時(shí)間里的無(wú)可救藥的浪漫主義者”；C選項(xiàng)animprobablevisionary“一個(gè)幾乎不可能的空想家”；D選項(xiàng)alevel-headedpurpose-drivenman“頭腦冷靜、目標(biāo)明確的人”。綜合選項(xiàng)與文意可知D選項(xiàng)正確。

5.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintogoodEnglish.

（1）孔子被中國(guó)各階層的民眾所銘記的原因有很多，其中一個(gè)最主要的因素就是孔子所倡導(dǎo)的教育方法—通過(guò)提問(wèn)引導(dǎo)學(xué)生思考。他還堅(jiān)持教育中最重要的是人格的塑造。從后人敘述的關(guān)于孔子的故事可知，他所倡導(dǎo)的是因材施教。

（2）多年來(lái)，中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨和中國(guó)政府從基本國(guó)情出發(fā)，把人民的生存權(quán)、發(fā)展權(quán)放在首位，致力于減貧脫貧，努力保障和改善民生，發(fā)展各項(xiàng)社會(huì)事業(yè)，使發(fā)展成果更多更公平地惠及全體人民，保障人民平等參與、平等發(fā)展的權(quán)利。

（3）最近的爭(zhēng)論是關(guān)于修改歐盟的憲章問(wèn)題。歐盟明年要增加十個(gè)成員國(guó)，需要有新的憲章來(lái)自我約束。因此各國(guó)政府正在構(gòu)思修訂有關(guān)外交事務(wù)、稅收、政治避難和司法政策等問(wèn)題的法規(guī)，并賦予歐洲議會(huì)更多的權(quán)利。

【答案】（1）TherearemanyreasonswhyConfuciuscanberememberedbyChinesepeoplefromallwalksoflife,oneofthemostimportantfactorsisthemethodofeducationadvocatedbyhim—toguidestudentstoponderbyaskingquestions.Moreover,heinsistedthattheshapingofpersonalitywasthemostimportantthingineducationalactivity.ThestoriesaboutConfuciustoldbylatergenerationsshownthatheproposedteachstudentsinaccordanceoftheiraptitude.

（2）Overtheyears,basedontheprevailingnationalconditions,theCommunistPartyofChina(CPC)andtheChinesegovernmenthaveremainedcommittedtoadevelopmentconceptthatputspeople’srighttosubsistenceandtodevelopmentfirst.Committedtoreducingandeliminatingpoverty,Chinahasendeavoredtoguaranteeandimprovepeople’swell-being,anddevelopedafullrangeofsocialundertakings,soastoensurethattheresultsofdevelopmentbenefitallthepeopleinafairerway,andthatallenjoytherightstoequalparticipationandequaldevelopment.

（3）TherecentdebatewasaboutmodifyingEUCharter.NextyearEUwillhavetenmemberstatesaddedtoitandneedanewChartertorestrainitself.Thus,eachmemberstateofEUisnowthinkingabouthowtorevisethelawsandregulationsconcerningforeignaffairs,taxation,politicalasylum,judicialpoliciesandsonon,andgiveEuropeanParliamentmorerights.

6.單選題

Inpracticethetheoryoftenleavesrailroadsinthepositionofdeterminingwhichcompanieswillflourishandwhichwillfail.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.decline

B.fluctuate

C.frustrate

D.prosper

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)decline“下降；衰落；謝絕”；B選項(xiàng)fluctuate“波動(dòng)；漲落；動(dòng)搖”；C選項(xiàng)frustrate“失??；受挫”；D選項(xiàng)prosper“繁榮，昌盛；成功”。句意：在實(shí)踐中，這一理論往往使鐵路公司處于決定哪些公司會(huì)興旺發(fā)達(dá)、哪些會(huì)倒閉的位置。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵詞fail“衰?。坏归]”，可推測(cè)前文的單詞應(yīng)是與之相反的詞，得知D選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Icameacrossanoldcountryguidetheotherday.Itlistedallthetradesmenineachvillageinmypartofthecountry,anditwasimpressivetoseethegreatvarietyofserviceswhichwereavailableonone’sowndoorstepinthelateVictoriancountryside.

NowadaysasuperficialtravelerinruralEnglandmightconcludethattheonlyvillagetradesmenstillflourishingwereeithersellingfrozenfoodtotheinhabitantsorsellingantiquestovisitors.Nevertheless,thiswouldreallybeafalseimpression.Admittedlytherehasbeenacontractionofvillagecommerce,butitsvigorisstillremarkable.

Ourlocalgrocer’sshop,forexample,isactuallyexpandinginspiteofthecompetitionfromsupermarketsinthenearesttown.Womensensiblyprefertogothereandexchangethelocalnewswhiledoingtheirshopping,insteadofqueuingup(anonymously)atasupermarket.Andtheproprietorknowswellthatpersonalservicehasasubstantialcashvalue.

Hispricesmaybeabithigherthanthoseinthetown,buthewilldeliveranythingatanytime.Hisassistantsthinknothingofbicyclingdownthevillagestreetintheirlunchhourtotakeapieceofcheesetoanoldagepensionerwhosentherorderbywordofmouthwithafriendwhohappenedtobepassing,themoreaffluentcustomerstelephonetheirshoppinglistsandthegoodsareontheirdoorstepswithinanhour.Theyhaveonlytoknitatafancyforsomecommodityoutsidetheusualstockandthegrocer,aredfacedfigure,instantlyobtainsitfromthem.Thevillagegainsfromthissortofenterprise,ofcourse.ButIalsofinditsatisfactorybecauseavillageshopoffersoneofthefewwaysinwhichamodestindividualistcanstillgetalongintheworldwithoutattachinghimselftothebigbattalionsofindustryorcommerce.

MostofthevillageshopkeepersIknow,atanyrate,aredecidedlyindividualistintheirways.Forexample,ourshoemakerisaformidablefigure:athickset,irritablemanwhomchildrentreatwithmarkedrespect,knowingthatanilljudgedwordcanprovokeanangryeruptionatanytime.Hestareswithsmoulderingcontemptatthepairsofcheap,massproducedshoestakentohimforrepair:hasitcometothis,heseemstobesaying,thathe,acraftsman,shouldhavetowastehisskillsuponsuchtrash?Butweallknowhewillinfactdoexcellentworkuponthem.Andhemakesbeautifulshoesforthosewhocanaffordsuchluxury.

1.Thewriterconsideredtheoldcountryguideinterestingbecausehefoundinit（

）.

2.Thelocalgrocer’sshopisexpandingeventhough

（

）.

3.Thewriterimpliesthatonedisadvantageoftownshopsisthat

（

）.

4.Thewriterappreciatesthevillageshopbecause

（

）.

5.Whatisthevillageshoemakersreactiontomassproducedshoes?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thenamesofsomanyoftheshopsinthevillagearound

B.themanypeoplesellingto,anddoingjobsfor,residentsinlocalvillagesatthetimeitappeared

C.thevarietyofshopsandservicesavailableinVictoriandaysinBritain

D.informationaboutallthejobstherewereinhisownandsurroundingvillagesatthetimeitappeared

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.womenspendalotoftheirtimetherejustgossiping

B.townshopsarelargerandrathercheaper

C.peopleliketoshopwheretheyarelesswellknown

D.peoplegetpersonalserviceinhisshop

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.theirpricesarehigher

B.peoplecannottelephonethem

C.theirstaffmaytakelesstroubletosatisfycustomers

D.onehastoqueueupinthem

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.hewelcomescompetitionwithorganizedbusiness

B.helikestheideathatahumblepersoncanbesuccessful

C.thisisacaseofindividualsuccessinaworldofincreasing

D.hewelcomesanexampleofprivateenterprisesurvivinginanageofgiantcompanies

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Heconsiderstheyarenotworththeeffortofmendingproperly.

B.Heisangrywiththecustomersforbringingtosuchrubbish.

C.Hedespisestheirquality.

D.Hefeelsexasperatedbecausepeoplewastetheirmoneyoninferiorshoes.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是“作者認(rèn)為這本陳舊的鄉(xiāng)下導(dǎo)游手冊(cè)有趣，是因?yàn)樗谀抢锇l(fā)現(xiàn)了……”。文章第一段提到這個(gè)導(dǎo)游手冊(cè)列出了我所在地區(qū)每個(gè)村莊的每個(gè)商人，令人印象深刻的是，在維多利亞晚期的鄉(xiāng)村，人們?cè)诩议T(mén)口就可以得到各種各樣的服務(wù)，由此可知選項(xiàng)B“很多人向當(dāng)?shù)剜l(xiāng)下的居民銷(xiāo)售商品或者提供服務(wù)”符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是“當(dāng)?shù)仉s貨商的店鋪正在擴(kuò)張，盡管……”。文章第三段第一句話(huà)提到“盡管有最近城鎮(zhèn)的超市競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，我們當(dāng)?shù)氐碾s貨店實(shí)際在擴(kuò)張”（Ourlocalgrocer’sshop,forexample,isactuallyexpandinginspiteofthecompetitionfromsupermarketsinthenearesttown），城鎮(zhèn)商店的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力主要體現(xiàn)在規(guī)模大，東西便宜，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是“作者暗示城鎮(zhèn)商店的劣勢(shì)之一是……”。文章第四段“鄉(xiāng)下商人賣(mài)的商品的價(jià)格或許比城鎮(zhèn)的高，但他們將在任何時(shí)間送任何商品，超市的助手不會(huì)想到在他們午飯的時(shí)間騎自行車(chē)去為一個(gè)靠養(yǎng)老金生活的老人送一塊奶酪”（Hispricesmaybeabithigherthanthoseinthetown,buthewilldeliveranythingatanytime.Hisassistantsthinknothingofbicyclingdownthevillagestreetintheirlunchhourtotakeapieceofcheesetoanoldagepensioner），選項(xiàng)C“城鎮(zhèn)商店店員不會(huì)花太多功夫去滿(mǎn)足顧客”符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是“作者欣賞鄉(xiāng)下商店的原因是……”。文章第四段最后一句“但我覺(jué)得它令人滿(mǎn)意，因?yàn)猷l(xiāng)村商店提供了為數(shù)不多的幾種方式之一，一個(gè)謙虛的個(gè)人主義者仍然能在這個(gè)世界存活，而不必依附于工商業(yè)的大陣營(yíng)”（ButIalsofinditsatisfactorybecauseavillageshopoffersoneofthefewwaysinwhichamodestindividualistcanstillgetalongintheworldwithoutattachinghimselftothebigbattalionsofindustryorcommerce），選項(xiàng)B“他喜歡謙遜的人能成功的概念”符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是“鄉(xiāng)村鞋匠對(duì)批量生產(chǎn)的鞋子的反應(yīng)是……”。文章最后一段提到鄉(xiāng)村鞋匠帶著蔑視的眼光去看那些批量生產(chǎn)的鞋子（Hestareswithsmoulderingcontemptatthepairsofcheap,massproducedshoestakentohimforrepair:hasitcometothis,heseemstobesaying,thathe,acraftsman,shouldhavetowastehisskillsuponsuchtrash?），選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

8.單選題

Idon’tthinkJohnsonwillsucceedinhisnewjob,forheisnot（

）todothattypeof

work.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.compatible

B.convenient

C.consistent

D.competent

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。compatible“兼容的，能共處的”；convenient“方便的”；consistent“始終如一的，一致的”；competent“能勝任的，有能力的”。句意：我認(rèn)為約翰遜的新工作不會(huì)成功，因?yàn)樗荒軇偃芜@份工作。becompetentto“勝任······”，所以選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

9.單選題

Onanaverageofsixtimesaday,adoctorinHollandpractices“active”euthanasia:intentionallyadministeringalethaldrugtoaterminallyillpatientwhohasaskedtoberelievedofsuffering.Twentytimesaday,life-prolongingtreatmentiswithheldorwithdrawnwhenthereisnohopethatitcanaffectanultimatecure.“Active”euthanasiaremainsacrimeontheDutchstatutebookspunishableby12yearsinprison.Butaseriesofcourtcasesoverthepast15yearshasmadeitclearthatacompetentphysicianwhocarriesitoutwillnotbeprosecuted.

Euthanasia,oftencalled“mercykilling”,isacrimeeverywhereinWesternEurope.ButmoreandmoredoctorsandnursesinBritain,Germany,Hollandandelsewherereadilyadmittopracticingit,mostofteninthe“passive”formofwithholdingorwithdrawingtreatment.Thelongsimmeringeuthanasiaissuehaslatelyboiledoverintoasometimesfiercepublicdebate,withbothsidesclaimingthemantleofultimaterighteousness.Thoseopposedtothepracticeseethemselvesup-holdingsacredprinciplesofrespectforlife,whilethoseinfavorraisethebannerofhumanetreatment.Afteryearsonthedefensive,theadvocatesnowseemtobegainingground.RecentpollsinBritainshowthat72percentofBritishsubjectsfavoreuthanasiainsomecircumstances.Anastonishing76percentofrespondentstoapolltakenlatelastyearinFrancesaidtheywouldlikethelawchangedtodecriminalizemercykillings.

Reasonsforthelatestsurgeofinterestineuthanasiaarenothardtofind.Europeans,likeAmericans,arenowlivinglonger.TheaverageEuropeanmalenowlivestotheageof72,womantoalmost8A.sDerekHumphrey,aleadingBritishadvocateof“rationaleuthanasia”,says,“l(fā)ingeringchronicdiseaseshavereplacedcriticalillnessastheprimarycauseofdeath.”

Andsotheeuthanasistshavebeguntopresstheircasewithgreaterforce.Theyarguethateveryhumanbeingshouldhavetherightto“diewithdignity”,bywhichtheyusuallymeantherighttoescapethehorrorsofapainfulordegradinghospitalization.Mostadvocatesofvoluntaryeuthanasiahavearguedthattherighttodieshouldbeaccordedonlytotheterminallyandincurablyill,butthemovementalsoincludesasmallminoritywhobelieveineuthanasiaforanyonewhorationallydecidestotakehisownlife.

Thatrightisunlikelytogetlegalrecognitionanytimeinthenearfuture.EvenintheNetherlands,theproposalsnowbeforeParliamentwouldrestricteuthanasiatoasmallnumberofcasesandwouldsurroundeventhosewithelaboratesafeguards.

1.AccordingtoParagraph1,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

2.Euthanasiais,oftencalled“mercykilling”,whichimpliesthat（）.

3.“Boiledover”(Line4,Para.2)means（）.

4.Mostadvocatesofvoluntaryeuthanasiaholdthat（）.

5.Theauthor’sattitudetowardseuthanasiais（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.“Active”euthanasiaisregardedasacrimebyDutchlaw.

B.Thedoctorwhocarriesouteuthanasiawillbecharged.

C.Anunqualifieddoctorcarryingouteuthanasiawillbeaccused.

D.“Active”euthanasiaexecutiveswillbesentencedto12yearsimprisonment.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.peopleshouldshowsympathyforaterminallyillpatient

B.somedoctorsmurderpatientsshieldingthemselvesfrommercy

C.humanetreatmenttodyingpatientsshouldberequired

D.thedyingpatientsaresufferingfromthepainandtheydon’twanttoliveon

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.burst(into)

B.makethewaterhotenoughtoboil

C.causegreatanger

D.fightoneanother

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.onlyterminallyillpatientscanhaveeuthanasia

B.ifanyonewhorationallydecidestoendhislife,hecanhaveeuthanasia

C.peopleshouldrespectlife

D.nomatterwhatpunishmenttheyget,theywillcarryouteuthanasiatopatients

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.positive

B.negative

C.objective

D.uncertain

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。A選項(xiàng)“主動(dòng)的安樂(lè)死被荷蘭法律認(rèn)為是一種犯罪”和D選項(xiàng)“主動(dòng)安樂(lè)死的執(zhí)行者將被判12年的監(jiān)禁”可以定位到文章首段中“‘Active’euthanasiaremainsacrimeontheDutchstatutebookspunishableby12yearsinprison.”中文翻譯為：主動(dòng)的安樂(lè)死在荷蘭的法典上仍然是一種需判刑12年的監(jiān)禁。C選項(xiàng)“實(shí)行安樂(lè)死的不合格醫(yī)生將會(huì)被控告”可以定位到文章首段“Butaseriesofcourtcasesoverthepast15yearshasmadeitclearthatacompetentphysicianwhocarriesitoutwillnotbeprosecuted.”中文翻譯為：但是過(guò)去15年的一系列法庭案件卻明確表示，實(shí)行安樂(lè)死的稱(chēng)職醫(yī)生將不被指控。同時(shí)可知B選項(xiàng)“實(shí)行安樂(lè)死的醫(yī)生將會(huì)被起訴”與文章不符合，故選B。

2.【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“mercykilling”可以定位到原文第二段“whilethoseinfavorraisethebannerofhumanetreatment.”中文翻譯為：而那些安樂(lè)死的支持者卻高舉人道對(duì)待的旗幟。可知C項(xiàng)正確，譯為“垂死的病人應(yīng)該需要人道的對(duì)待”。

3.【試題解析】詞匯題。A：爆發(fā)（成）；B：讓水熱得足以沸騰；C：造成巨大的憤怒；D：相互打架。題干關(guān)鍵詞“boilover”意為：爆發(fā)。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

4.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞mostadvocatesofvoluntaryeuthanasia可以定位到原文倒數(shù)第二段中“Mostadvocatesofvoluntaryeuthanasiahavearguedthattherighttodieshouldbeaccordedonlytotheterminallyandincurablyill”，中文翻譯為：大多數(shù)自愿安樂(lè)死的支持者認(rèn)為，去死的權(quán)利應(yīng)該只給予晚期絕癥病人，可以得知A選項(xiàng)“只有晚期絕癥病人可以安樂(lè)死”正確。

5.【試題解析】觀(guān)點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。A:positive“積極的”；B:negative“消極的”；C:objective“客觀(guān)的”；D:uncertain“不確定的”。全文作者都是用客觀(guān)的態(tài)度來(lái)描述安樂(lè)死這個(gè)話(huà)題，因此可以推測(cè)出C選項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

Imagineeatingeverythingdeliciousyouwantwithnoneofthefat.Thatwouldbegreat,wouldn'tit?

New“fakefat”productsappearedonstoreshelvesintheUnitedStatesrecently,butnoteveryoneishappyaboutit.Makersoftheproducts,whichcontainacompoundcalledolestra,sayfoodmanufacturerscannoweliminatefatfromcertainfoods,Critics,however,saythatthenewcompoundcanrobthebodyofessentialvitaminsandnutrientsandcanalsocauseunpleasantsideeffectsinsomepeople.Soitisuptoconsumerstodecidewhetherthenewfat-freeproductstastegoodenoughtokeepeating.

Chemistsdiscoveredolestrainthelate1960s,whentheyweresearchingforafatthatcouldbedigestedbyinfantsmoreeasily.Insteadoffindingthedesiredfat,theresearcherscreatedafatthatcan'tbedigestedatall.

Normally,specialchemicalsintheintestines“grab”moleculesofregularfatandbreakthemdownsotheycanbeusedbythebody.Amoleculeofregularfatismadeupofthreemoleculesofsubstancescalledfattyacids.

ThefattyacidsareabsorbedbytheintestinesandbringwiththemtheessentialvitaminsA,D,EandK.Whenfatmoleculesarepresentintheintestineswithanyofthosevitamins,thevitaminsattachtothemoleculesandarecarriedintothebloodstream.

Olestra,whichismadefromsixtoeightmoleculesoffattyacids,istoolargefortheintestinestoabsorb.Itjustslidesthrou