考研考博-英語-天津科技大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-天津科技大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Questions17-20arebasedonthefollowingtalkaboutpublicspeaking.Younowhave20secondstoreadQuestions17-20.

17.Whatisthemostimportantthinginpublicspeaking?

18.Whatdosethespeakeradviseustodotocapturetheaudience’sattention?

19.Ifyoudon’tstartworkingforthepresentationuntilthedaybefore,youwillfeel（）.

20.Whoisthisspeechmostprobablymeantfor?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Confidence.

B.Preparation.

C.Informativeness.

D.Organization.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Gatherabundantdata.

B.Organizetheideaslogically.

C.Developagreatopening.

D.Selectappropriatematerial.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.uneasy

B.uncertain

C.frustrated

D.depressed

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Thoseinterestedinthepowerofpersuasion.

B.Thosetryingtoimprovetheirpublicimage.

C.Thoseplanningtotakeupsomepublicwork.

D.Thoseeagertobecomeeffectivespeakers.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

【解析】第1題:

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

2.單選題

Ithasbeenarguedthatwhereschoolsbecomebureaucratized,theybecomeboundupwiththetechniquesandimplementationofthemanagerialprocess,andmayconcentrateonconcernwithpositionandself-advancement.Insodoing,theymayneglectthepurposeforwhichtheyweresetup.

Thus,theydonotfacilitatethedevelopmentofthosewhoarepartoftheschoolcommunity,andtendtoneglectthedesiresofchildren,parentsandsocietyatlarge.

Itisbecauseofsuchcriticismsthattherehasbeenanincreasinginfluenceinpoliticalrhetoricandlegislationoffree-markettheoriesoforganizationandsociety.Suchtheoriessuggestthatamuchmoremarket-oriented,competitiveapproachisrequiredsothatschoolsreorientthemselvestowardstheir“clients”.Bysodoing,itisclaimed,notonlydotheyonceagainaddresstheneedsofthosewithwhomtheyshouldbeprimarilyconcerned,butsuchanapproachalsounleashesthebenefitsofindividualresponsibility,freedomofchoice,andreward.

Thoughmuchofthissoundsattractive,ithasitsrootsasmuchinaneconomicbodyofthoughtasinsocialandpoliticaltheory,andthismustraisethequestionofwhetheritcanbeviablytransferredtoaneducationalcontext.Indeed,ifby“educational”wemeanthedevelopmentofallwithintheschoolcommunity,thenfree-markettheorymaymissthemarkbyconcentratingononlyonesection,“theconsumers”.Ifteachersareseenaspartofthiscommunity,thentheirdevelopmentisjustasimportant.

Ifbureaucraticformsofmanagementfacetheproblemofexplaininghowtheirvaluescanbeobjectivewhentheyareinfacttheproductofaparticularvalueorientation,theformsofmanagementderivedfromfree-markettheories,suggestinganopennesstotheadoptionofdifferentsetsofvalues,aresubjecttothechargeofrelativism.Inotherwords,free-markettheories,grantedthattheyarearguingthatindividualsshouldbeallowedtopursuetheirownends,mustexplainwhyanysetofvalues,includingtheirown,ispreferabletoanother.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,criticismofschoolsarisesfrom（）.

2.The“schoolcommunity”(Line3,Para.4)theauthorreferstowouldprobablyinclude（）.

3.Thetransferoffreemarketideastotheschoolsmayfailbecause（）.

4.Accordingtothetext,criticismoffreemarketsolutionsineducationarisefromthefactthat（）.

5.The“chargeofrelativism”mentionedinthelastparagraphismeanttoshow（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.concernsthatschoolsdeliberatelyneglectstudents

B.thehighcostofeducationduetobureaucracy

C.aperceptionofthemasself-servingandbureaucratic

D.amisunderstandingofschoolsofficials

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.students

B.studentsandparents

C.students,parentsandteachers

D.teachersandstudents

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.schoolshavenorealclients

B.theyconcentrateonlyontheconsumeranddonotincludeteachers

C.schoolsaretotallydifferentfromthefreemarket

D.theyhavenosolidpurposeintheiraims

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.theydonotexplainwhytheirsetofvaluesarebetterthanothers

B.theirvaluesaretoosubjective

C.theirvaluesaretoodifferentfromthosewithinaneducationalcontext

D.theeducationalcontextisnotafreemarket

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.thevaluesaretoonarrow-minded

B.thevaluesarenotspecificenough

C.thevaluesaretooself-serving

D.thevaluesarenotstronglyheld

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知，有人認(rèn)為，學(xué)校變得官僚化，忽視他們成立的目的。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。選項(xiàng)B中的教育成本高在文中沒有提及，所以不正確。

2.語義題。根據(jù)第四段的內(nèi)容可知，schoolcommunity包括consumers和teachers。再根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知，schoolcommunity還包括students和parents，也就是consumers，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第四段倒數(shù)第二句“free-markettheorymaymissthemarkbyconcentratingononlyonesection,“theconsumers”.”自由市場理論可能只關(guān)注“消費(fèi)者”這一部分而沒有切中要害。而這個要害即下文提到的“teachers”,所以選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

4.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句，盡管自由市場理論認(rèn)為個人應(yīng)該被允許追求自己的目標(biāo)，但它們必須解釋為什么任何一套價值觀，包括他們自己的價值觀，都比另一套更可取。也就是說，自由市場理論沒有解釋為什么自己的價值觀比別人的好。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

5.語義題。原文最后一段最后一句即是對“chargeofrelativism”的解釋。由此可以看出，自由市場理論的價值觀太自私，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

3.單選題

Scientistshopethecollisionwillproducealargecraterinthecomet’ssurfaceinordertorevealthecoreandgivesome______totheoriginofthesolarsystem.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.sources

B.interpretations

C.clues

D.observations

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)source“來源，水源，原始資料”，B項(xiàng)interpretation“解釋，翻譯，演出”，C項(xiàng)clue“線索，（故事等的）情節(jié)”，D項(xiàng)observation“觀察，監(jiān)視，觀察報告”。根據(jù)givesome______totheoriginofthesolarsystem“為太陽系的起源提供一些……”可知，“線索”符合語境。句意：科學(xué)家們希望這次碰撞將在彗星表面產(chǎn)生一個巨大的隕石坑，以便揭示其核心，并為太陽系的起源提供一些線索。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

4.填空題

Chongqing（1）tobepartofSichuan,butitwas（2）fromtheprovincein1997andmade（3）self-governingmunicipality.Thenewpoliticalunithasapopulation（4）about33millionpeople,butonly7.5millionofthemliveintheurbanarea.The（5）ofthemliveinthenearbydistrictsthatarepartofthemunicipality.

【答案】1.used

2.separated

3.a

4.of

5.rest

【解析】1.固定搭配。usedtobe曾經(jīng)是。

2.固定搭配。beseparatedfrom與……分離

3.語法分析。此處填不定冠詞a,表示“一個”。

4.語義題。Hasapopulationof后面接具體人數(shù)表示“有…人”。

5.語義題。Rest其余的。

5.單選題

England’steam,whoarenowsuperblyfit,willbedoingtheirbestnextweekto（）themselvesforlastyeardefeat.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.revive

B.resort

C.remedy

D.revenge

【答案】D

【解析】句意:現(xiàn)在的英格蘭隊躊躇滿志，決心在下周的比賽中全力以赴，以雪去年失敗之恥。

考查動詞辨析。revive（使）蘇醒，復(fù)活，重新使用；resort與to構(gòu)成搭配resorttosth.訴諸于…；remedy改正，糾正；revenge報仇,雪恥。故D正確。

6.單選題

Electricalresistanceisacommonpropertyofallmaterials____.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.onlydiffersindegree

B.onlyindegreeitdiffers

C.differingonlyindegree

D.anddifferingindegreeonly

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.onlydiffersindegree只是程度不同B.onlyindegreeitdiffers只是程度不同

C.differingonlyindegree只是程度不同D.anddifferingindegreeonly只是程度不同

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】非謂語動詞

【解題思路】空格處前面為一個主系表結(jié)構(gòu)完整的句子，主語為“電阻”，系動詞為“是”，表語為“所有材料的共同特性”；并且原句沒有連詞或從句引導(dǎo)詞，所以該句并不是并列句或復(fù)合句。因此，空格處為句子的狀語，此處為動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞做伴隨狀語，C選項(xiàng)differingonlyindegree符合要求。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)onlydiffersindegree，動詞的三人稱單數(shù)為謂語形式，缺少連詞或從句引導(dǎo)詞；

B選項(xiàng)onlyindegreeitdiffers，動詞的三人稱單數(shù)為謂語形式，缺少連詞或從句引導(dǎo)詞；

D選項(xiàng)anddifferingindegreeonly，有連詞and，不應(yīng)該使用非謂語動詞（現(xiàn)在分詞形式differing）。

【句意】電阻是所有材料的共同特性，只是不同的材料的阻力大小不同。

7.翻譯題

Peertutoringisaneffectivewaytoimprovelearningforboththetuteeandthetutor,andnoonedoubtsthevalueofthisstrategyformeetingindividualneedswithinaclassroom.However,ittakesmorethansimplypairingoffstudentstomakepeertutoringresultinimprovedlearning.

Althoughyouarelikelytouseinformaltutoringpracticesinyourclassroomeveryday(e.g.askingonestudenttohelpanotherstudentwithaproblem),establishingaformalizedtutoringprogramrequiresmoreinvolvedplanning.Thefollowingstrategiescanhelpyoucreateandsustainaneffectiveprogramwithinyourclassroom.Aswithmostinitiatives,ifyoucanworkwithyourbuildingadministratorandotherteacherstoestablishaschool-widetutoringprogram,youwillbeabletoservetheneedsofallstudentsmoresuccessfully.Typically,trainingwillbeminimalandwillincludebasicinstructioninmodeling,promptingresponsesfromtutees,usingcorrectivefeedbackandpraise/reinforcement,alternatingteachingmethodsandmaterials(i.e..,usingmultisensorymethods),andrecordingandreportingprogress.Ifthisisaschool-wideinitiative,classroomteachersorevenparentsorparaprofessionalscantrainstudentswhowilltutoraspartofanextracurricularserviceactivity.

【答案】【參考譯文】同伴教學(xué)是一種對受教者和施教者的學(xué)習(xí)都有改進(jìn)的有效方法，沒有人懷疑這種策略在課堂里滿足個人需求的價值。然而，要想讓同伴輔導(dǎo)提高學(xué)習(xí)效果，僅僅把學(xué)生配對是不夠的。

雖然你可能每天在你的課堂里使用非正式的輔導(dǎo)實(shí)踐（例如，要一位學(xué)生去幫助另一位學(xué)生解決問題），但是建立一個正式的輔導(dǎo)課程卻需要更復(fù)雜的設(shè)計。下面的策略可以幫助您在課堂里創(chuàng)建并維持一個有效的輔導(dǎo)課程。與大多數(shù)的倡議一樣，如果您能與大樓管理員和其他教師共同去建立一個全校性的輔導(dǎo)課程，那么您將能夠更成功地滿足所有學(xué)生的需求。

通常，培訓(xùn)是小規(guī)模的，并且包括建模的基本指令，提示來自受教者的回應(yīng)，使用矯正反饋和稱贊/強(qiáng)化，交替教學(xué)方法和材料（如使用多感官的方式），記錄和報告進(jìn)展。如果這是一次全校性的倡議，那么將輔導(dǎo)作為部分課外服務(wù)活動的課堂老師，甚至家長或輔導(dǎo)專職人員都可以訓(xùn)練學(xué)生。

8.寫作題

Directions:ItisnotstrangeinrecentyearstohearthatsomestudentsmaykillthemselvesatUniversity.Whatisyouropiniononthosestudentswhocommitsuicideorkillthemselves?WriteontheANSWERSHEETacompositionofnolessthan200wordsonthetopicgivenbelow.Markswillbemainlyawardedforcontent,organization,grammarandappropriacy.Failuretomeettherequirednumberofwordsmayalsoresultinthelossofmarks.

MyViewonCampusSuicideatUniversityYouaretowriteinthreeparts:

Inthefirstpartofyourarticle,youshouldclearlypresentyourview.

Inthesecondpart,youshouldsupportyouropinionwithappropriatedetails.

Inthelastpart,youshouldbringwhatyouhavewrittentoanaturalconclusionorsummary.

【答案】MyViewonCampusSuicideatUniversity9.寫作題

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed45minutestowriteashortessayofabout300wordsfollowingthepicturegivenbelow:(1)Describethepicture.(2)Giveyouropinion.WritetheessayontheANSWERSHEET(2)only.

【答案】Ascanbeseenfromthepicture,anoldfatherissittingaloneinsofA.Therearetwobirthdaygiftsfromhisoldestsonandsecondson,butnochildrenkeepcompanywiththeoldman.

Thepicturereflectsacommonsocialphenomenonfromanangle—peopletendtocaremoreforthenextgeneration,andregretfully,notafewyoungcouplesneglecttoshowthesameconcernovertheiroldparents,andsomeofthemeventreattheiroldparentsbadly.

Frommypointofview,whatwecandoisstrikeabetterbalancebetweenthetwopoles:thechildrenandtheparents.Torespectandtakegoodcareofoldparentsisourdueresponsibility,whichhasbeenahighlyprizedvirtueamongtheChineseforovertwothousandyears.Ontheonehand,wearesupposedtoplanthetimewisely.Afterspendingmostoftimeonschoolassignmentsandhomework,wecanspendonehourortwoontheInternetaweek.Asahighschoolstudent,toomuchtimespentonlinewillleadtofailureinexams.Busyasweare,weshouldbynomeansneglecttoofferouroldparentsmaterialandemotionalsupports.Ontheotherhand,weareexpectedtoofferhelpstoourparentsratherthanwaitfortheirasking.Moreimportant,weshouldbealwaysreadytotalkwithourparents,whichcaneasetheirmindsandremovestheworries.Onlyinthiswaycanaharmoniousatmospherebecreatedinthefamilylife.Lastly,weshouldalwaysrememberthatwhatyouhavedoneforyouroldparentsisnotonlyarepaymenttothem,butalsoagoodexampletoeducateyourownchildren.

Itisnotdifficultindoingtheseeasythings,orwewilllosethechancetolovethemforever.

10.單選題

Animportantpropertyofscientifictheoryisitsabilityto（）furtherresearchandfurtherthinkingaboutaparticulartopic.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.stimulate

B.renovate

C.arouse

D.advocate

【答案】A

【解析】動詞詞義辨析。stimulate刺激，鼓舞；renovate革新，修復(fù)；arouse引起，喚醒；advocate主張，擁護(hù)。句意：科學(xué)理論的一個重要特性是它能夠激發(fā)對特定主題的進(jìn)一步研究和思考。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

11.單選題

Herhusbandfeltitwouldbesillyto（）thecolorofthecurtainsbeforetheyhadpaintedtheroom.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.choose

B.find

C.carry

D.charge

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。choose“選擇”；find“發(fā)現(xiàn)，尋找”；carry“拿，帶”；charge“充電；對……索費(fèi)”。根據(jù)silly“愚蠢的”與beforetheyhadpaintedtheroom“在給房間上油漆之前”可知“選擇窗簾顏色”符合語境，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

12.單選題

Thelosingcandidate________immediatelyafterthepollshadclosed.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.confessed

B.conceded

C.concurred

D.admitted

【答案】B

【解析】動詞詞義辨析。confessed“承認(rèn)，認(rèn)罪”；conceded“承認(rèn)，坦白”；concurred“同意”；admitted“承認(rèn)”。句意：投票選舉結(jié)束后，輸?shù)舻暮蜻x人立即坦白承認(rèn)了。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

13.單選題

Storesgivenpermissiontosellfireworksallyearwillneedalicensewhichlocalauthorities______willbeabletorefuseandifnecessary.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.revolve

B.revolt

C.revoke

D.revive

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A項(xiàng)revolve“使……旋轉(zhuǎn)”，B項(xiàng)revolt“反抗”，C項(xiàng)revoke“撤回”，D項(xiàng)revive“使復(fù)興”。根據(jù)句子意思“獲得全年銷售煙花許可的商店將需要一份許可證，如果必要，地方當(dāng)局將有權(quán)……該許可證?！笨赏茰y，空格部分表示“吊銷，撤銷”，C項(xiàng)最符合。句意：獲得全年銷售煙花許可的商店將需要一份許可證，如果必要，地方當(dāng)局將有權(quán)吊銷該許可證。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Increased（）canreleasetheworkersforothertasks.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.efficiency

B.effect

C.effectiveness

D.effort

【答案】A

【解析】句意：提高工作效率可以使工人們有更多的時間做其他的任務(wù)。選項(xiàng)A符合語境。

15.單選題

Itusedtobesostraightforward.Ateamofresearchersworkingtogetherinthelaboratorywouldsubmittheresultsoftheirresearchtoajournal.Ajournaleditorwouldthenremovetheauthors’namesandaffiliationsfromthepaperandsendittotheirpeersforreview.Dependingonthecommentsreceived,theeditorwouldacceptthepaperforpublicationordeclineit.Copyrightrestedwiththejournalpublisher,andresearchersseekingknowledgeoftheresultswouldhavetosubscribetothejournal.

Nolonger.TheInternetandpressurefromfundingagencies,whoarequestioningwhycommercialpublishersaremakingmoneyfromgovernment-fundedresearchbyrestrictingaccesstoitismakingaccesstoscientificresultsareality.TheOrganizationforEconomicCo-operationandDevelopment(OECD)hasjustissuedareportdescribingthefar-reachingconsequencesofthis.Thereport,byJohnHoughtonofVictoriaUniversityinAustraliaandGrahamVickeryoftheOECD,makesheavyreadingforpublisherswhohave,sofar,madehandsomeprofits.Butitgoesfurtherthanthat.Itsignalsachangeinwhathas,untilnow,beenakeyelementofscientificendeavor.

Thevalueofknowledgeandthereturnonthepublicinvestmentinresearchdepends,inpart,uponwidedistributionandreadyaccess.Itisbigbusiness.InAmerica,thecorescientificpublishingmarketisestimatedatbetween$7billionand$11billion.TheInternationalAssociationofScientific,TechnicalandMedicalPublisherssaysthattherearemorethan2,000publishersworldwidespecializinginthesesubjects.Theypublishmorethan1.2millionarticleseachyearinsome16,000journals.

Thisisnowchanging.AccordingtotheOECDreport,some75%ofscholarlyjournalsarenowonline.Entirelynewbusinessmodelsareemerging;threemainoneswereidentifiedbythereport’sauthors.Thereistheso-calledbigdeal,whereinstitutionalsubscriberspayforaccesstoacollectionofonlinejournaltitlesthroughsite-licensingagreements.Thereisopen-accesspublishing,typicallysupportedbyaskingtheauthor(orhisemployer)topayforthepapertobepublished.Finally,thereareopen-accessarchives,whereorganizationssuchasuniversitiesorinternationallaboratoriessupportinstitutionalrepositories.Othermodelsexistthatarehybridsofthesethree,suchasdelayedopen-access,wherejournalsallowonlysubscriberstoreadapaperforthefirstsixmonths,beforemakingitfreelyavailabletoeveryonewhowishestoseeit.Allthiscouldchangethetraditionalformofthepeer-reviewprocess,atleastforthepublicationofpapers.

1.Inthefirstparagraph,theauthordiscusses（）.

2.WhichofthefollowingistrueoftheOECDreport?

3.Accordingtothetext,onlinepublicationissignificantinthat（）.

4.Withtheopen-accesspublishingmodel,theauthorofapaperisrequiredto（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthemainideaofthetext?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thebackgroundinformationofjournalediting.

B.thepublicationroutineoflaboratoryreports.

C.therelationsofauthorswithjournalpublishers.

D.thetraditionalprocessofjournalpublication.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Itcriticizesgovernment-fundedresearch.

B.Itintroducesaneffectivemeansofpublication.

C.Itupsetsprofit-makingjournalpublishers.

D.Itbenefitsscientificresearchconsiderably.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.itprovidesaneasieraccesstoscientificresults.

B.itbringshugeprofitstoscientificresearchers.

C.itemphasizesthecrucialroleofscientificknowledge.

D.itfacilitatespublicinvestmentinscientificresearch.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.coverthecostofitspublication.

B.subscribetothejournalpublishingit.

C.allowotheronlinejournalstouseitfreely.

D.completethepeer-reviewbeforesubmission.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.TheInternetisposingathreattopublishers.

B.Anewmodeofpublicationisemerging.

C.Authorswelcomethenewchannelforpublication.

D.Publicationisrenderedeasierbyonlineservice.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.推理判斷題。定位到文章第一段，“在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里一起工作的一組研究人員將把他們的研究結(jié)果提交給一家雜志。然后，期刊編輯會從論文中刪除作者的姓名和所屬機(jī)構(gòu)，并將其發(fā)送給他們的同行進(jìn)行審閱。根據(jù)收到的評論，編輯可以接受或拒絕發(fā)表。版權(quán)歸期刊出版商所有，而想要了解研究結(jié)果的研究人員必須訂閱該期刊”。由此可知作者說明的是傳統(tǒng)的出版常規(guī)流程，因此選項(xiàng)D正確。

2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。定位到文章第二段，Butitgoesfurtherthanthat.Itsignalsachangeinwhathas,untilnow,beenakeyelementofscientificendeavor.但它還不止于此。它標(biāo)志著迄今出版一直是科學(xué)努力的一個關(guān)鍵因素的改變。OECD說明了一系列有限的方式方法，包括后文提到的在線期刊的方式，因此選項(xiàng)B正確。

3.推理判斷題。定位到文章最后一段，介紹的是線上出版的幾個方式，相對于傳統(tǒng)形式的同行評論過程更加的簡便。因此選項(xiàng)A正確。

4.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。定位到文章最后一段，Thereisopen-accesspublishing,typicallysupportedbyaskingtheauthor(orhisemployer)topayforthepapertobepublished.一種是開放存取出版，典型的支持方式是要求作者(或其雇主)為發(fā)表的論文付費(fèi)。因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.主旨大意題。整篇文章都是在以客觀的角度來介紹新的出版方式，沒有表露作者的觀點(diǎn)，因此選項(xiàng)C排除；文章沒有從傳統(tǒng)出版商的角度來表示互聯(lián)網(wǎng)是一種威脅，排除選項(xiàng)A；文章并沒有深入展示在線服務(wù)會使出版更容易這個話題，排除選項(xiàng)D。

16.單選題

Wearedealingwithtwodifferentperspectivesthat（）,intersect,butdon’tseemtoyieldasynthesis.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.overrun

B.overlap

C.overwork

D.overuse

【答案】B

【解析】句意:我們正在處理有部分重疊、交叉卻似乎不能生成綜合體的兩種不同的透視圖。

考查動詞辨析。Overrun泛濫，橫行，肆虐，多用(時間、錢財?shù)?，超時;overlap部分重疊，部分地同時發(fā)生;overwork工作過度;overuse使用……過度（或過久）。由題干中關(guān)鍵信息"intersect交叉”可知“部分重疊”符合。

17.單選題

Thereportincludesataleofhowanhonorablemanpursuinghonorablegoalswasafflictedwith（）andledhisnationtowardscatastrophe.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.pride

B.humility

C.gratification

D.hubris

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)pride“自豪，傲慢”；B選項(xiàng)humility“謙遜”；C選項(xiàng)gratification“滿意，喜悅”；D選項(xiàng)hubris“狂妄自大”。句意：這個報告包括了一個故事，的是一個高貴的人是如何追求崇高的目標(biāo)，卻由于狂妄自大而受到折磨，從而使他的國家走向?yàn)?zāi)難。選項(xiàng)D符合語境。

18.單選題

MykidstellmethatIam“so20thcentury”,whichtroublesme.Apersonlikestofeelthatheis“withit”,asweusedtosayinthe20thcentury.

SoIhavebeenthinkinghowImightchangemyselfintoatrue21st-centuryman.Clearly,inmyadvancedstateofageIwouldbefoolishtoattemptsomewildleapintothecontemporaryfashion.Andanyway,mydistinctivetasteattractsmuchfavorablecomment.

Butifmyclothingistoocharacteristictochange,perhapsIshoulddosomethingaboutmylifestyle.SolastweekItookmyselftotheNECfortheSmartHomeShowwhichis“theexhibitiondedicatedtoallthelatesttrendsinsmarthometechnology”.Itwasashock.HowcouldIhavelivedforhalfacenturywithoutafingerprint-operatedfrontdoor?(“Neverlockyourselfoutofyourhomeagain!”)Orvacuumcleanersthatsuckduststraightintoadustbin,viaasystemofpipesinyourhousewalls?(Allyouhavetodoisrebuildyourentirehome.)Orautomaticgardensprinklerswhicharesosmartthattheyturnthemselvesoffwhenitstartstorain?Ofcourse,youcouldjustlookoutofthewindow,observethatit’srainingandturnthemoffyourself,butthatwouldbeso20thcentury.

Besides,thosewerejustthesimplerthings.Forthetruesmarthomeowner,aplasma(等離子)TVfireplaceisamust.Atfirstglanceit’sjustanelectricfirewithamantelpiece,butpressyourremoteandagiantTVscreenrisesfromthemantelpiece.“Thieveswon’tevenknowit’sthere,”aspokesmanclaimed.Justaswell.At65,280,itwouldbeapitytohaveitbroken.Buttherealrevolutionhashappenedinthebathroom.Neveragainneedyoufeelcutofffromworldeventsasyougoaboutyourwashing.ForgetthemirrorsthatturnintoTVscreens.They’reoldhat.Thebuzzinbathroomsnowisallaboutheatedtowel-racksthatturnintoTVs.

Enough!Iwasconvinced:Iwantasmarthome.There’sonlyoneproblem:Thecostyouarelookingat￡18.000to￡25,000foranaveragehome.Hmm.Iwon’tbeenteringthe21stcenturyjustyet,then.

1.Tobe“21stcentury”,theauthordecidedto（）.

2.Theauthor’scommentonthevacuumcleanerimpliesthat（）.

3.Whatisthemostrevolutionarysmarthometechnologyaccordingtotheauthor?

4.TheSmartHomeShow（）.

5.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofbuyingthesmarthomeproducts?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.movetoanewhouse

B.changethewayhelived

C.improvehisdressingstyle

D.talkinthemosttrendyfashion

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.hebelievedthatitwasuseless

B.hewantedtopurchaseonehimself

C.hehatedtocauseinconvenience

D.hethoughtthatitwasnotworththeeffort

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.TheplasmaTVfireplace.

B.Theautomaticgardensprinkler.

C.MirrorsthatturnintoTVscreens.

D.Heatedtowel-racksthatturnintoTVs.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.seemedtoogoodtobetrue

B.wasatrueeye-openerfortheauthor

C.leftanegativeimpressionontheauthor

D.appealedlesstothemiddle-andold-aged

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Hewasinterested,butfoundthemtooexpensive.

B.Hewasfascinated,anddeterminedtobuythem.

C.Hewasn’tattracted,andwouldn’tbuythem.

D.Hewasn’tsure,sohewouldratherwaitandsee.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“要變得‘21世紀(jì)’，作者決定……”。文章第三段第一句提到Butifmyclothingistoocharacteristictochange,perhapsIshoulddosomethingaboutmylifestyle.（但如果我的服裝太有特色而無法改變，也許我應(yīng)該改變一下我的生活方式），由此可知B項(xiàng)“改變生活方式”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“搬進(jìn)一個新房子”，文章最后一段提到There’sonlyoneproblem:Thecostyouarelookingat￡18.000to￡25,000foranaveragehome.（只有一個問題：一套普通住宅的成本大概在1.8萬至2.5萬英鎊之間），由此可知作者搬進(jìn)一個新房子的可能性不是很大；C項(xiàng)“改善著裝風(fēng)格”，文章作者提到服裝太有特色而無法改變，所以C項(xiàng)錯誤；D項(xiàng)“以最時髦的方式交談”文章沒有提及。故該題選B正確。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。題干意思是“作者對真空吸塵器的評論暗示著……”。根據(jù)題干定位到第三段第五句Orvacuumcleanersthatsuckduststraightintoadustbin,viaasystemofpipesinyourhousewalls?(Allyouhavetodoisrebuildyourentirehome.)（真空吸塵器是通過墻壁上的管道系統(tǒng)將灰塵直接吸進(jìn)垃圾箱嗎？你所要做的就是重建你的整個家），由此可知，要安裝這個吸塵器還要把房子重新建造一遍，作者認(rèn)為這個耗時又耗力，所以D項(xiàng)“覺得不值得這么做”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“相信真空吸塵器沒有用處”，文章作者沒有說這個吸塵器沒有用處；B項(xiàng)“想要自己買一個”，內(nèi)容與原文相反；C項(xiàng)“討厭制造麻煩”為干擾項(xiàng)，根據(jù)原文中的內(nèi)容，作者不是覺得吸塵器麻煩，而是覺得為了一個吸塵器來重建房子不值得。故該題選D正確。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“作者認(rèn)為最具革命性的智能家居技術(shù)是什么？”。第四段最后兩句提到Buttherealrevolutionhashappenedinthebathroom.Neveragainneedyoufeelcutofffromworldeventsasyougoaboutyourwashing.ForgetthemirrorsthatturnintoTVscreens…Thebuzzinbathroomsnowisallaboutheatedtowel-racksthatturnintoTVs.（但真正的革命發(fā)生在浴室；當(dāng)你洗衣服的時候，你再也不需要感覺與世界事件隔絕了；忘掉那些變成電視屏幕的鏡子吧；現(xiàn)在浴室里的話題都是加熱毛巾架變成電視），由此可知D項(xiàng)“可以變成電視的加熱毛巾架”正確；C項(xiàng)“可以變成電視屏幕的鏡子”錯誤；A項(xiàng)“等離子電視壁爐”，根據(jù)At65,280,itwouldbeapitytohaveitbroken.（65,280英鎊，如果它壞了就太可惜了）可知，作者覺得等離子電視壁爐太貴，A項(xiàng)不選；B項(xiàng)“花園自動灑水器”，第三段最后一句提到Ofcourse,youcouldjustlookoutofthewindow,observethatit’srainingandturnthemoffyourself,butthatwouldbeso20thcentury.（當(dāng)然，你可以看著窗外，看到正在下雨，然后自己把灑水器關(guān)掉，但那是20世紀(jì)的事了），由此可知，B項(xiàng)也不正確。故該題選D正確。

第4題:推理判斷題。題干意思是“智能家居展……”。第三段第二句提到SolastweekItookmyselftotheNECfortheSmartHomeShowwhichis“theexhibitiondedicatedtoallthelatesttrendsinsmarthometechnology”.Itwasashock.（所以上周我?guī)ё约喝EC參加智能家居展，這是一個“致力于智能家居技術(shù)最新趨勢的展覽”，太令人震驚了），接著第四段和第五段都是智能家居展覽中的一些智能家居的應(yīng)用，根據(jù)作者對例子的表述和作者的語氣可知B項(xiàng)“讓作者大開眼界”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“看起來太好以至于不真實(shí)”，作者只是提到了很貴，所以A項(xiàng)錯誤；C項(xiàng)“給作者留下了負(fù)面的印象”和D項(xiàng)“對中老年人吸引力較小”內(nèi)容與原文相反。故該題選B正確。

第5題:觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。題干意思是“作者對購買智能家居產(chǎn)品有什么看法？”。根據(jù)文章最后一段Enough!Iwasconvinced:Iwantasmarthome.There’sonlyoneproblem:Thecostyouarelookingat￡18.000to￡25,000foranaveragehome.（夠了！我被說服了：我想要一個智能家居；但只有一個問題：一套普通住宅的成本大概在1.8萬至2.5萬英鎊之間）可知，作者對智能家居很感興趣，但是價格太昂貴了，所以A項(xiàng)“他很感興趣，但覺得太貴了”正確。B項(xiàng)“他被迷住了，決定買下它們”和C項(xiàng)“他沒有興趣，也不會買”內(nèi)容與原文不符；D項(xiàng)“他不能肯定，所以他寧愿等著瞧”，文章中作者沒有提到要等著瞧，D項(xiàng)錯誤。故該題選A正確。

19.單選題

Asseriousassheisaboutthebullfight,shedoesnotallowrespectto（

）hersenseofwhimsywhenpaintingit.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.suppress

B.inspire

C.satisfy

D.provoke

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。suppress“抑制；廢止”；inspire“激發(fā)；鼓舞”；satisfy“滿足”；provoke“激怒”。句意：盡管她將斗牛視為嚴(yán)肅的事情，但在用繪畫形式表現(xiàn)它時，她并沒有讓敬意遏制自己的奇思異想。由Asseriousassheisaboutthebullfight及notallowrespect可知“抑制”符合語境。As在句中表讓步關(guān)系。

20.單選題

Themostimportant（

）forassessmentinthiscontestisoriginalityofdesign.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.threshold

B.partition

C.warrant

D.criterion

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)threshold“入口；門檻；開始；極限”；B選項(xiàng)partition“劃分，分開；隔離物”；C選項(xiàng)warrant“根據(jù)；證明；正當(dāng)理由”；D選項(xiàng)criterion“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；準(zhǔn)則；規(guī)范”。句意：在這次比賽中，最重要的評判……是設(shè)計的原創(chuàng)性。比賽中有的是“評判標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

21.單選題

Themost（）technologicalsuccessinthetwentiethcenturyisprobablythecomputerrevolution.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.solemn

B.prominent

C.prosperous

D.prevalent

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)solemn“嚴(yán)肅的；隆重的，鄭重的”；B選項(xiàng)prominent“突出的，顯著的；杰出的”；C選項(xiàng)prosperous“繁榮的；興旺的”；D選項(xiàng)prevalent“流行的；普遍的”。句意：20世紀(jì)最顯著的技術(shù)成功或許是計算機(jī)革命。結(jié)合句意，選B。

22.單選題

Intheeighteenthcentury,Japan’sfeudaloverlords,fromtheshoguntothehumblestsamurai,foundthemselvesunderfinancialstress.Inpart,thisstresscanbeattributedtotheoverlords’failuretoadjusttoarapidlyexpandingeconomy,butthestresswasalsoduetofactorsbeyondtheoverlords’control.Concentrationofthesamuraiincastle-townshadactedasastimulustotrade.Commercialefficiency,inturn,hadputtemptationsinthewayofbuyers.Sincemostsamuraihadbeenreducedtoidlenessbyyearsofpeace,encouragedtoengageinscholarshipandmartialexercisesortoperformadministrativetasksthattooklittletime,itisnotsurprisingthattheirtastesandhabitsgrewexpensive.Overlords’income,despitetheincreaseinriceproductionamongtheirtenantfarmers,failedtokeeppacewiththeirexpenses.Althoughshortfallsinoverlords’incomeresultedalmostasmuchfromlaxityamongtheirtaxcollectors(thenearlyinevitableoutcomeofhereditaryoffice-holding)asfromtheirhigherstandardsofliving,amisfortunelikeafireorflood,bringinganincreaseinexpensesoradropinrevenue,couldputadomainindebttothecityrice-brokerswhohandleditsfinances.Onceindebt,neithertheindividualsamurainortheshogunhimselffounditeasytorecover.

Itwasdifficultforindividualsamuraioverlordstoincreasetheirincomebecausetheamountofricethatfarmerscouldbemadetopayintaxeswasnotunlimited,andsincetheincomeofJapan’scentralgovernmentconsistedinpartoftaxescollectedbytheshogunfromhishugedomain,thegovernmenttoowasconstrained.Therefore,theTokugawashogunsbegantolooktoothersourcesforrevenue.Cashprofitsfromgovernment-ownedmineswerealreadyonthedeclinebecausethemosteasilyworkeddepositsofsilverandgoldhadbeenexhausted,althoughdebasementofthecoinagehadcompensatedfortheloss.Openingupnewfar