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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-安徽涉外經(jīng)濟(jì)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹(jǐn)慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingpartintoEnglish.

北京奧運(yùn)會弘揚(yáng)了團(tuán)結(jié)、友誼、和平的奧林匹克精神,成為世界各國人民共同見證的文化交流的盛會。北京奧運(yùn)會的成功,是中國人民和世界各國人民共同努力的結(jié)果。榮譽(yù)屬于國際奧林匹克大家庭,屬于在比賽場上奮勇爭先的運(yùn)動員,屬于來自世界各地的自愿者。北京奧運(yùn)會的舉辦,將更加有力地促進(jìn)中國體育事業(yè)向前發(fā)展,將更加廣泛地促進(jìn)中國同國際奧林匹克大家庭的交流合作,將更加深入地促進(jìn)中國人民同世界各國人民的相互了解和友誼。

【答案】TheBeijingOlympicGameshaspromotedtheOlympicspiritofsolidarity,friendshipandpeace.Ithasbecomeagrandevenofculturalexchangeswitnessedbypeopleofthewholeworld.ThesuccessoftheBeijingOlympicGamesisattributabletotheconcertedeffortsoftheChinesepeopleandpeoplefromtherestoftheworld.TheglorygoestotheOlympicFamily,toathleteswhohavecompetedhard,tovolunteersfromdifferentpartsoftheworld.ThehostingoftheBeijingOlympicGameswillgiveaboosttothefurtherdevelopmentofsportsinChina,promotemoreextensiveexchangesandcooperationbetweenChinaandtheInternationalOlympicFamilyandfurtherenhancethemutualunderstandingandfriendshipbetweentheChinesepeopleandpeopleofallothercountries.

2.單選題

Althoughhehasbecomerich,heisstillvery______ofhismoney.

問題1選項

A.economic

B.thrifty

C.frugal

D.careful

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項economic“經(jīng)濟(jì)的,有關(guān)經(jīng)濟(jì)的”;B選項thrifty“節(jié)儉的”,常用于bethriftywithsth.;C選項frugal“節(jié)省的,節(jié)儉的”,可用于befrugalwith/ofsth.;D選項careful“小心地,仔細(xì)地”,becarefulwith/ofsth.表示“當(dāng)心,注意”。根據(jù)Althoughhehasbecomerich與of可知選C。句意:雖然他變得富有了,但他仍然很節(jié)儉。

3.單選題

Sinceneithersidewasreadyto______whatwasnecessaryforpeace,hostilitywasresumedin1980.

問題1選項

A.precede

B.recede

C.concede

D.intercede

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項precede“領(lǐng)先”;B選項recede“后退;減弱”;C選項concede“讓步”;D選項intercede“調(diào)解,調(diào)停”。句意:由于雙方都不愿意對和平的必要條件______,1980年又恢復(fù)了敵對狀態(tài)。根據(jù)語境,這里指雙方不肯讓步,C選項concede“讓步”符合題意。因此C選項正確。

4.單選題

Thefuelofthecontinentalmissileissupposedtobe(

)bythisdevice.

問題1選項

A.ignited

B.lighted

C.fired

D.inspired

【答案】A

【解析】考查近義詞辨析。ignite多用于指用火花使易燃物迅速燃燒起來;light指易燃物發(fā)光;fire指將某物點燃,使其燃燒;而inspire則強(qiáng)調(diào)靈感。句意:大陸導(dǎo)彈的燃料應(yīng)該是由這個裝置點燃的。選項A符合題意。

5.單選題

Hedevelopeda()attitudeafteryearsoffrustrationinhiscareer.

問題1選項

A.encouraged

B.disgusted

C.drastic

D.cynical

【答案】D

【解析】encouraged鼓舞人心的;disgusted厭煩的;drastic激烈的;cynical憤世嫉俗的。句意:在經(jīng)歷了多年的事業(yè)挫折之后,他變得憤世嫉俗。選項D符合語境。

6.單選題

Thegirlwasso______thattheycouldfoolhereasily.

問題1選項

A.incredible

B.credible

C.credulous

D.creditable

【答案】C

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.incredible不能相信的;難以置信的B.credible可信的;可靠的

C.credulous輕信的;易受騙的D.creditable值得贊揚(yáng)的;應(yīng)當(dāng)認(rèn)可的

【考查點】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)后半句theycouldfoolhereasily(他們很容易就能騙過她)可知,這個女孩很容易上當(dāng)受騙,故該題選擇C項符合句意。

【干擾項排除】A、B、D項不符合句意。

【句意】那個女孩很容易上當(dāng),他們很容易就能騙過她。

7.單選題

Accordingtosociologists,thereareseveraldifferentwaysinwhichapersonmaybecomerecognizedastheleaderofsocialgroupintheUnitedStates.Inthefamily,traditionalculturalpatternsconferleadershipononeorbothoftheparents.Inothercases,suchasfriendshipgroup,oneormorepersonsmaygraduallyemergeasleaders,althoughthereisnoformalprocessofselection.Inlargergroups,leadersareusuallychosenformallythroughelectionorrecruitment.

Althoughleadersareoftenthoughttobepeoplewithunusualpersonalability,decadesofresearchhavefailedtoproduceconsistentevidencethatthereisanycategoryof“naturalleaders”.Itseemsthatthereisnosetofpersonalqualitiesthatallleadershaveincommon;rather,virtuallyanypersonmayberecognizedasaleaderifthepersonhasqualitiesthatmeettheneedsofthatparticulargroup.

Furthermore,althoughitiscommonlysupposedthatsocialgroupshaveasingleleader,researchsuggeststhattherearetypicallytwodifferentleadershiprolesthatareheldbydifferentindividuals.Instrumentalleadershipisleadershipthatemphasizesthecompletionoftasksbyasocialgroup.Groupmemberslooktoinstrumentalleadersto“getthingsdone”.Expressiveleadership,ontheotherhand,isleadershipthatemphasizesthecollectivewell-beingofasocialgroup’smembers.Expressiveleadersarelessconcernedwiththeoverallgoalsofthegroupthanwithprovidingemotionalsupporttogroupmembersandattemptingtominimizetensionandconflictamongthem.Groupmembersexpectexpressiveleaderstomaintainstablerelationshipswithinthegroupandprovidesupporttoindividualmembers.

Instrumentalleadersarelikelytohavearathersecondaryrelationshiptoothergroupmembers.Theygiveordersandmaydisciplinegroupmemberswhoinhibitattainmentofthegroup’sgoals.Expressiveleaderscultivateamorepersonalorprimaryrelationshiptoothersinthegroup.Theyoffersympathywhensomeoneexperiencesdifficultiesorissubjectedtodiscipline,arequicktolightenaseriousmomentwithhumor,andtrytoresolveissuesthatthreatentodividethegroup.Asthedifferencesinthesetworolessuggest,expressiveleadersgenerallyreceivemorepersonalaffectionfromgroupmembers;instrumentalleaders,iftheyaresuccessfulinpromotinggroupgoals,mayenjoyamoredistantrespect.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.ThepassagementionsallofthefollowingwaysbywhichpeoplecanbecomeleadersEXCEPT

3.Inmentioning“naturalleaders”inparagraphtwo,theauthorismakingthepointthat

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutleadershipcanbeinferredfromparagraphtwo?

5.Thepassageindicatesthatinstrumentalleadersgenerallyfocuson

問題1選項

A.Theproblemsfacedbyleaders

B.Howleadershipdiffersinsmallandlargegroups

C.Howsocialgroupsdeterminewhowillleadthem

D.Theroleofleadersinsocialgroups

問題2選項

A.recruitment.

B.formalelectionprocess.

C.specificleadershiptraining.

D.traditionalculturalpatterns.

問題3選項

A.fewpeoplequalifyas“naturalleaders'

B.thereisnoproofthat“naturalleaders”exist.

C.“naturalleaders”areeasilyacceptedbythemembersofasocialgroup.

D.“naturalleaders”shareasimilarsetofcharacteristics.

問題4選項

A.Apersonwhoisaneffectiveleaderofaparticulargroupmaynotbeaneffectiveleaderofanothergroup.

B.Fewpeoplesucceedinsharingaleadershiprolewithanotherperson.

C.Apersoncanbestlearnhowtobeaneffectiveleaderbystudyingresearchonleadership.

D.Mostpeopledesiretobeleadersbutcanproducelittleevidenceoftheirqualifications.

問題5選項

A.ensuringharmoniousrelationship.

B.sharingresponsibilitywithgroupmembers.

C.identifyingnewleaders.

D.achievingagoal.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一句,“thereareseveraldifferentwaysinwhichapersonmaybecomerecognizedastheleaderofsocial…”,開篇點題,在美國有很多種方式成為某個團(tuán)體的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。所以主要闡述不同領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者在社會中的角色。選項D符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段,在家庭、友誼小組或更大的群體中,領(lǐng)導(dǎo)產(chǎn)生的方式不相同,探討了每一種團(tuán)體的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)產(chǎn)生方式。選項C符合題意。

3.信息推斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段,“decadesofresearchhavefailedtoproduceconsistentevidencethatthereisanycategoryof“naturalleaders”,數(shù)十年都沒有充足的證據(jù)來證明存在“天生領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者”,選項B符合題意。

4.信息推斷題。考查對第二段文意的理解。文中提到只要一個人有特定的資質(zhì)就能成為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人。根據(jù)文章“anypersonmayberecognizedasaleaderifthepersonhasqualitiesthatmeettheneedsofthatparticulargroup”,可以成為特定團(tuán)體的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。選項A符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段,“…maydisciplinegroupmemberswhoinhibitattainmentofthegroup’sgoals.”,“…iftheyaresuccessfulinpromotinggroupgoals,…”根據(jù)這兩句可以得出,工具性領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者更加注重目標(biāo)一些。選項D符合題意。

8.寫作題

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedtowriteacompositiononthetopicof“WhatHastheProgressofScienceandTechnologyBroughtabout?’’.Youshouldwriteatleast160-180words.

【答案】略

9.問答題

Directions:Thispartconsistsofashortpassage.Inthispassage,therearealtogether10mistakes,oneineachnumberedline.Youmayhavetochangeaword,addoword,ordeleteaword.MarkoutthemistakesandputthecorrectionsintheblanksprovidedontheAnswerSheet.Ifyouchangeaword,underlineitandwritethecorrectwordinthecorrespondingblank.Ifyouaddaword,putaninsertionmark()intherightplaceand-writethemissingwordintheblank.Ifyoudeleteaword,underlineitandputaslash(/)intheblank.

【答案】1.brand改成brands

2.distinguish改成differ

3.manufacturer改成manufacturer's

4.at改成in

5.much改成little

6.to改成with

7.their改成its

8.unpleasant改成pleasant

9.need改成needs

10.advertised改成advertising

【解析】1.詞匯錯誤—單復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)前面的“severaldifferent很多不同的”可知,此處的brand應(yīng)該是復(fù)數(shù)名詞,故應(yīng)該是brands“品牌”。

2.搭配錯誤。distinguishAfromB表示“區(qū)分A和B”,但是,此處表示“兩者差別不大,兩者沒有什么不同”,因此,根據(jù)搭配應(yīng)該為:differfrom“與……不同”。

3.語法錯誤—比較結(jié)構(gòu)平行關(guān)系。此處是比較兩個“manufacturer’stoothpaste廠商的牙好”,因此,后面的manufacture應(yīng)該加上“s”的所有格,與前面保持一致,即需要體現(xiàn)比較對象“牙膏”。

4.固定搭配。varyin在…方面變化;在…方面有差異。

5.詞匯錯誤—程度形容詞。該處句意為:這些因素使得店家沒有太多理由去選擇某一種商品。故much應(yīng)該改成little才符合句意。

6.固定搭配。beconfrontedwith面對。

7.代詞錯誤。主語是“eachmanufacturingcompany”,而后文的代詞指的就是“每個生產(chǎn)公司”,故代詞應(yīng)該用單數(shù),即its。

8.詞匯錯誤—形容詞。前文談及兩種廣告類型,目的是吸引買者或潛在買者,因此,此處應(yīng)該是用“somethingpleasant愉快的東西”來吸引買者。

9.語法錯誤—主謂一致。因為該句主語是one,所以,謂語動詞應(yīng)該使用第三人稱單數(shù),即needs。

10.詞匯誤用。advertised是過去分詞,而此處是形容詞修飾strategy;因此,應(yīng)該是advertising“廣告(業(yè))的”,表示“廣告策略”。

10.問答題

Despite(A)hislowopinionof(B)professors—orperhapsin(C)anefforttoimprovethebreed—Smithhimselfeventuallybecameit(D).

【答案】試題答案:D;one

【解析】考查代詞用法。it用以指特定的物,即上下文提到的、同名稱的、同樣事物的那個名詞,而不是同類事物的其他東西。one表示泛指,指同名稱中的另一事物。此處表示Smith自己最后也成為了一名教授,不是指代前文的professors,因此用one。

11.單選題

Althoughhehasbecomerich,heisstillvery(

)ofhismoney.

問題1選項

A.economic

B.thrifty

C.frugal

D.careful

【答案】C

【解析】句意:盡管他變得富有了,他在花錢方面仍然很節(jié)儉。

形容詞辨析。Economic經(jīng)濟(jì)的,經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的;careful仔細(xì)的,小心的;thrifty和frugal都有“節(jié)儉”的意思,從搭配上講,通常是bethriftywith和befrugalof;從意思上講,frugal指生活中節(jié)儉,不浪費錢財:thrifty指精打細(xì)算;因此C符合句意和搭配。

12.單選題

Idon’tliketheridesinamusementparkbecausetheyhavea______effectonme.

問題1選項

A.viable

B.amiable

C.vertiginous

D.monotonous

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項viable表示“可行的,能養(yǎng)活的”,B項amiable表示“和藹可親的,親切的”,C項vertiginous表示“令人眩暈的,眼花的,高而陡峭的”,D項monotonous表示“單調(diào)的,無抑揚(yáng)頓挫的,無變化的”。根據(jù)ridesinamusementpark(游樂園里的游樂設(shè)施)可知,“令人眩暈的”符合語境。句意:我不喜歡游樂園里的游樂設(shè)施,因為它們會讓我頭暈?zāi)垦!R虼?,該題選擇C項正確。

13.單選題

Maryhasbrownhair.Infact,it’squitesimilarinshape______yours.

問題1選項

A.with

B.to

C.like

D.as

【答案】B

【解析】考查介詞辨析。similar后面要求跟to,表示“和……差不多”。與with連用,可以是thesamecasewith...,表示“……的情況也如此”。like作介詞,表示“像……一樣”。same后面跟as,組成thesame...as,表示“和……一樣”。句意:瑪麗有棕色的頭發(fā)。事實上,和你的很相似。因此B選項正確。

14.單選題

Musiccomesinmanyforms;mostcountrieshaveastyleoftheirown.(1)theturnofthecenturywhenjazzwasborn,Americahadnoprominent(2)ofitsown.Nooneknowsexactlywhenjazzwas(3),orbywhom.Butitbegantobe(4)intheearly1900s.JazzisAmericascontributionto(5)music.Incontrasttoclassicalmusic,which(6)formalEuropeantraditions,jazzisspontaneousandfree-form.Itbubbleswithenergy,(7)themoods,interests,andemotionsofthepeople.Inthe1920sjazz(8)likeAmerica,and(9)itdoestoday.The(10)ofthismusicareasinterestingasthemusic(11).AmericanNegroes,orblacks,astheyarecalledtoday,werethejazz(12).TheywerebroughttoSouthernStates(13)slaves.Theyweresoldtoplantationownersandforcedtoworklong(14).WhenaNegrodiedhisfriendandrelatives(15)aprocessiontocarrythebodytothecemetery.InNewOrleans,abandoftenaccompaniedthe(16).Onthewaytothecemeterythebandplayedslow,solemnmusicsuitedtotheoccasion.(17)onthewayhomethemoodchanged.Spiritslifted.Deathhadremovedoneoftheir(18),butthelivingweregladtobealive.Thebandplayed(19)music,improvisingonboththeharmonyandthemelodyofthetunes(20)atthefuneral.Thismusicmadeeveryonewanttodance.Itwasanearlyformofjazz.

問題1選項

A.By

B.At

C.In

D.On

問題2選項

A.music

B.song

C.melody

D.style

問題3選項

A.discovered

B.acted

C.invented

D.designed

問題4選項

A.noticed

B.found

C.listened

D.heard

問題5選項

A.classical

B.sacred

C.popular

D.light

問題6選項

A.forms

B.follows

C.approaches

D.introduces

問題7選項

A.expressing

B.explaining

C.exposing

D.illustrating

問題8選項

A.appeared

B.felt

C.seemed

D.sounded

問題9選項

A.as

B.so

C.either

D.neither

問題10選項

A.origins

B.originals

C.discoveries

D.resources

問題11選項

A.concerned

B.itself

C.available

D.oneself

問題12選項

A.players

B.followers

C.fans

D.pioneers

問題13選項

A.for

B.as

C.with

D.by

問題14選項

A.months

B.weeks

C.hours

D.times

問題15選項

A.demonstrated

B.composed

C.hosted

D.formed

問題16選項

A.demonstration

B.procession

C.body

D.march

問題17選項

A.Even

B.Therefore

C.Furthermore

D.But

問題18選項

A.number

B.members

C.body

D.relations

問題19選項

A.sad

B.solemn

C.happy

D.funeral

問題20選項

A.whistled

B.sung

C.presented

D.showed

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:C

第6題:B

第7題:A

第8題:D

第9題:A

第10題:A

第11題:B

第12題:D

第13題:B

第14題:C

第15題:D

第16題:B

第17題:D

第18題:D

第19題:C

第20題:C

【解析】1.考查介詞辨析。A選項By“通過”;B選項At“在……時”;C選項In“在……里面”;D選項On“在……上面”。attheturnofthecentury表示的是“在本世紀(jì)初”這一具體時間,只有at符合。句意:在爵士樂誕生的世紀(jì)之交。因此B選項符合題意。

2.考查名詞辨析。A選項music“音樂”;B選項song“歌曲”;C選項melody“旋律”;D選項style“風(fēng)格”。根據(jù)上文所說的大多數(shù)國家都有自己的音樂風(fēng)格“style”,而美國卻沒有自己突出的,后面也應(yīng)該是風(fēng)格。句意:美國沒有自己的突出風(fēng)格。因此D選項符合題意。

3.考查動詞辨析。A選項discovered“發(fā)現(xiàn)”;B選項acted“行動”;C選項invented“發(fā)明”;D選項designed“設(shè)計”。句意:沒有人知道爵士樂是什么時候發(fā)明的,由誰發(fā)明的。因此C選項符合題意。

4.考查動詞辨析。A選項noticed“注意”;B選項found“找到”;C選項listened“聽”,后面需接介詞to;D選項heard“聽到”。句意:它是在20世紀(jì)初開始被人聽到的。因此D選項符合題意。

5.考查形容詞辨析。A選項classical“古典的”;B選項sacred“神圣的”;C選項popular“流行的”;D選項light“輕的”。popularmusic是指“流行音樂”,與classicalmusic“古典音樂”相對,爵士樂是流行音樂的一種。句意:爵士樂是美國對流行音樂的貢獻(xiàn)。因此C選項符合題意。

6.考查動詞辨析。A選項forms“形成”;B選項follows“遵循”;C選項approaches“接近”;D選項introduces“引入”。句意:與遵循正規(guī)的歐洲傳統(tǒng)的古典音樂相比。因此B選項符合題意。

7.考查動詞辨析。A選項expressing“表達(dá)”;B選項explaining“解釋”;C選項exposing“揭露”;D選項illustrating“說明”。句意:表達(dá)人們的情緒、興趣和情感。因此A選項符合題意。

8.考查系動詞辨析。A選項appeared“表現(xiàn)得”;B選項felt“感覺是”;C選項seemed“看起來”;D選項sounded“聽起來”。句意:20世紀(jì)20年代的爵士樂聽起來很像美國風(fēng)格。因此D選項符合題意。

9.考查連詞辨析。A選項as“正如”;B選項so“所以”;C選項either“或者”;D選項neither“也不”。句意:現(xiàn)在爵士樂也是如此。因此A選項符合題意。

10.考查名詞辨析。A選項origins“起源”;B選項originals“原創(chuàng)”;C選項discoveries“發(fā)現(xiàn)”;D選項resources“資源”。句意:這種音樂的起源。因此A選項符合題意。

11.考查反身代詞。A選項concerned“關(guān)心的”;B選項itself“它自己”;C選項available“可獲得的”;D選項oneself“自己”。句意:這種音樂的起源和音樂本身一樣有趣。因此B選項符合題意。

12.考查名詞辨析。A選項players“玩家”;B選項followers“追隨者”;C選項fans“粉絲”;D選項pioneers“先鋒”。句意:美國黑人是爵士樂的先鋒。因此D選項符合題意。

13.考查介詞辨析。A選項for“為了”;B選項as“作為”;C選項with“和……一起”;D選項by“通過”。句意:他們作為奴隸被帶到南方各州。因此B選項符合題意。

14.考查名詞辨析。A選項months“月份”;B選項weeks“周”;C選項hours“時間”;D選項times“次數(shù)”。句意:他們被賣給種植園主,被迫長時間工作。因此C選項符合題意。

15.考查動詞辨析。A選項demonstrated“論證”;B選項composed“組成”,后面接of;C選項hosted“主持”;D選項formed“形成”。句意:他的朋友和親戚會形成一個游行隊伍。因此D選項符合題意。

16.考查名詞辨析。A選項demonstration“示范”;B選項procession“隊伍”;C選項body“身體”;D選項march“行進(jìn)”。句意:游行隊伍通常由樂隊伴奏。上句提到形成隊伍,本句意為這樣的隊伍經(jīng)常伴隨有一支樂隊。因此B選項符合題意。

17.考查轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。A選項Even“甚至”;B選項Therefore“因此”;C選項Furthermore“此外”;D選項But“但是”。句意:但在回家的路上,氣氛變了。上句說在去墓地的路上,樂隊演奏緩慢的、莊重的音樂以便和悲痛的場合相配合。而本句說在回來的路上,情緒變化了。所以這兩句之間應(yīng)該是轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系。因此D選項符合題意。

18.考查名詞辨析。A選項number“數(shù)字”;B選項members“成員”;C選項body“身體”;D選項relations“親戚”。句意:死神帶走了他們的一個親人。因此D選項符合題意。

19.考查形容詞辨析。A選項sad“傷心的”;B選項solemn“莊嚴(yán)的”;C選項happy“開心的”;D選項funeral“喪葬的”。句意:在葬禮上,樂隊演奏了歡快的音樂。跟上句中提到的slow和solemn相對應(yīng)。因此C選項符合題意。

20.考查動詞辨析。A選項whistled“吹口哨”;B選項sung“唱歌”;C選項presented“表演”;D選項showed“展示”。句意:即興演奏了葬禮上表演的和聲和旋律。因此C選項符合題意。

15.單選題

Ialwayslefthomeforschoolearlierinthemorning______trafficjam.

問題1選項

A.inlinewith

B.forthesakeof

C.incaseof

D.attheriskof

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項inlinewith“與……一致”;B選項forthesakeof“為了”;C選項incaseof“以防萬一”;D選項attheriskof“冒著……的危險”。句意:我總是在早上較早離開家去上學(xué)______交通堵塞。根據(jù)語境,這里指早點出門是為了不想堵車,C選項incaseof“以防萬一”符合題意。因此C選項正確。

16.單選題

Thebittercomponentsinthevegetableswillbereleasedincookingandeventuallythisbitternesswilldissipate.

問題1選項

A.discourage

B.distress

C.uncover

D.dissolve

【答案】D

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.discourage阻止;使氣餒B.distress使悲痛;使貧困

C.uncover發(fā)現(xiàn);揭開D.dissolve溶解;消失

【考查點】動詞辨析

【解題思路】根據(jù)前文苦味成分(Thebittercomponents)會在烹飪過程中釋放出來(bereleased)推測,苦味被釋放后,就慢慢沒有了,D選項dissolve“溶解;消失”符合句意。原詞dissipate“消散”。

【干擾項排除】A、B、C選項不符合原句語境。

【句意】蔬菜中的苦味成分會在烹飪過程中釋放出來,最終這種苦味會消散。

17.單選題

Johnwasnotselected();hewaschosenforthejobbecausehehadthemostexperience.

問題1選項

A.deliberately

B.alternatively

C.momentously

D.arbitrarily

【答案】D

【解析】副詞辨析。句意:John并不是被()選擇的;他被選來承擔(dān)這份工作是因為他擁有的工作經(jīng)驗最豐富。

deliberately故意地,謹(jǐn)慎地,慎重地;alternatively非此即彼,二者擇一地;momentously重大地;arbitrarily隨意地,武斷地。D選項“隨意地”符合句意。

18.單選題

Jeanholdsvery()opinionsaboutfood;shewon’teatanythingneworforeign.

問題1選項

A.awesome

B.conventional

C.consistent

D.condimental

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。awesome“極好的”;conventional“傳統(tǒng)的”;consistent“始終如一的,一致的”;condimental“調(diào)味品的”。句意:簡對食物的觀念很傳統(tǒng),她不吃任何新的或者國外的食物。選項B符合題意。

19.翻譯題

AsanadultIoncedidthesamethingtoSophia,callinghergarbageinEnglishwhensheactedextremelydisrespectfullytowardme.WhenImentionedthatIhaddonethisatadinnerparty,Iwasimmediatelyostracized(excluded).OneguestnamedMarcygotsoupsetshebrokedownintearsandhadtoleaveearly.MyfriendSusan,thehost,triedtorehabilitatemewiththeremainingguests.

ThefactisthatChineseparentscandothingsthatwouldseemunimaginable—evenlegallyactionable(可起訴的)—toWesterners.Chinesemotherscansaytotheirdaughters,“Heyfatty—losesomeweight.”Bycontrast,Westernparentshavetotiptoearoundtheissue,talkingintermsof“health”andneverevermentioningthef-word,andtheirkidsstillendupintherapyforeatingdisorders(進(jìn)食障礙)andnegativeself-image.(IalsoonceheardaWesternfathertoasthisadultdaughterbycallingher“beautifulandincrediblycompetent”.Shelatertoldmethatmadeherfeellikegarbage.)

ChineseparentscanordertheirkidstogetstraightAs.Westernparentscanonlyasktheirkidstotrytheirbest.Chineseparentscansay,“You’relazy.Allyourclassmatesaregettingaheadofyou.”Bycontrast,Westernparentshavetostrugglewiththeirownconflictedfeelingsaboutachievement,andtrytopersuadethemselvesthatthey’renotdisappointedabouthowtheirkidsturnedout.

I’vethoughtlongandhardabouthowChineseparentscangetawaywithwhattheydo.IthinktherearethreebigdifferencesbetweentheChineseandWesternparentalmind-sets(心態(tài),思維定式,思維取向).

【答案】【參考譯文】

作為一個成年人,我曾對索菲亞做過同樣的事。當(dāng)她的行為舉止對我極其不敬時,我大聲用英語呵斥她是垃圾。有一次參加晚宴,我無意中提及到這件事,沒想到立刻被在場的客人排斥了。一位叫瑪西的客人竟然難過得哭了起來,不得不提前離開宴會。而我的朋友蘇珊,也就是舉辦晚宴的主人,試圖在留下的客人面前為我打圓場。

事實上,中國父母可以做出一些在西方父母眼里無法想象的事情,甚至可以因為這些事被起訴。例如,中國的媽媽可以跟女兒說“嘿,胖妹,你該減減肥了!”相反,西方父母們對此話題小心翼翼,從“健康”的角度談?wù)摚^口不提“肥胖”二字。然后他們的孩子最終還是因為飲食失調(diào)和體型不良接受治療。(我曾聽過一位西方父親在為他成年女兒祝酒時,說他女兒“美麗無比,能力非凡”。他女兒事后告訴我,他父親的話讓她覺得自己像垃圾一樣。)

中國父母會要求自己的孩子必須每科都是優(yōu),而西方父母只讓孩子盡力而為。中國父母會說:“你這么懶,班上的同學(xué)都超過你了?!毕啾戎?,西方父母不得不在孩子的成績問題上與自己的矛盾情緒作斗爭,并試圖說服自己,他們對孩子的表現(xiàn)并不失望。

我想了很久,中國父母怎么能不受懲罰。我想主要是因為中西方父母在心態(tài)上的三大差異。

20.單選題

Duringtheinterview,themayorexpressedhisheart-feltgratitudethroughthereportersforthetimelyassistanceandsupportthatpeoplefromothercitieshavekindly(

)tohiscitizensafterthecitywasstruckbyseveralearthquakes.

問題1選項

A.rendered

B.secured

C.sought

D.furnished

【答案】A

【解析】動詞詞義辨析題。A選項的render“給予某物作為報償或用以交換,回報,歸還”;B選項的secure“將某物固定住,系住,使某物安全,保護(hù)”;C選項的seek“尋找,探索”;D選項的furnish“提供,陳設(shè),布置”。根據(jù)句意‘在采訪中,市長通過報道對其他城市的人在該市遭受了幾次地震襲擊后給予市民的及時的友好的援助和支持表示了衷心的感謝’確定A選項正確。

21.單選題

Allthelightsareon;theSmiths()up.

問題1選項

A.mustgot

B.mustbegetting

C.mustget

D.gotupmust

【答案】B

【解析】本題考查情態(tài)動詞用法。D語序不對,而C時態(tài)不對,A不符合語境,是必須起床的意思。而mustbegetting表示一種猜測。句意:燈都亮了,史密斯一家應(yīng)該起床了。因此,B選項符合句意。

22.單選題

Theteamleaderofmountainclimbersmarkedout().

問題1選項

A.thatseemedtobethebestroute

B.whatseemedtobethebestroute

C.whichseemedtobetilebestroute

D.somethingthattobethebestroute

【答案】B

【解析】本句缺少的成分是賓語從句,只有選項B能作為賓語從句。that一般引導(dǎo)同位語從句;選項C缺少先行詞;選項D用法不正確,所以本題選B。

23.單選題

21-25

問題1選項

A.Thelinkbetweenweightlossandsleepdeprivation.

B.Thelinkbetweenweightgainandsleepdeprivation.

C.Thelinkbetweenweightlossandphysicalexercise.

D.Thelinkbetweenweightgainandphysicalexercise.

問題2選項

A.Morethan68000.

B.Morethan60800.

C.Morethan60080.

D.Morethan60008.

問題3選項

A.Seven-hoursleepersgainedmoreweightovertimethanfive-hourones.

B.Five-hoursleepersgainedmoreweightovertimethanseven-hourones.

C.Short-sleeperswere15%morelikelytobecomeobese.

D.Short-sleepersconsumedfewercaloriesthanlongsleepers.24.

問題4選項

A.Overeatingamongthesleep-deprived.

B.Littleexerciseamongthesleep-deprived.

C.Lowermetabolicrateresultingfromlesssleep.

D.Highermetabolicrateresultingfromlesssleep.25.

問題5選項

A.Exerciseeveryday.

B.Takedietpills.

C.Goonadiet.

D.Sleepmore.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】Here’sadreamyweight-lossplan:takeanap.That’sthemessagefromworkbySanjayPatelatCaseWesternReserveUniversityinCleveland,Ohio.(21)(22)(23)Hisstudyofmorethan68000womenhasfoundthatthosewhosleeplessthan5hoursanightgainmoreweightovertimethanthosewhosleep7hoursanight.

Controllingforotherdifferencesbetweenthegroups,Patelfoundthatwomenwhoslept5hoursorlessgained0.7kilogramsmoreonaverageover10yearsthan7-hoursleepers.Theshort-sleepinggroupwasalso32percentmorelikelytohavegained15kilogramsormore,and15percentmorelikelytohavebecomeobese.

Significantly,theshort-sleepersconsumedfewercaloriesthanthosewhoslept7hours,saysPatel,whopresentedhisresultsthisweekattheAmericanThoracicSocietyInternationalConferenceinSanDiego,California.Thisfindingoverturnsthecommonviewthatovereatingamongthesleep-deprivedexplainssuchweightdifferences.

(24)Lowermetabolicrateresultingfromlesssleepmaybethereasonbehindtheweightgain,Patelsuggests.(25)“Itobviouslyalsosuggeststhatgettingpeopletosleepmoremightbearelativelyeasywaytohelppeopleloseweight,”hesays.

21.WhatdidPatel’sstudyindicate?

【解析】根據(jù)錄音內(nèi)容“Hisstudyofmorethan68000womenhasfoundthatthosewhosleeplessthan5hoursanightgainmoreweightovertimethanthosewhosleep7hoursanight”可知,應(yīng)該講的是睡眠不足與體重增加的問題。故選B。

22.HowmanysubjectsdidPatelhaveinhisstudy?

【解析】根據(jù)錄音內(nèi)容“Hisstudyofmorethan68000womenhasfound...”可知,受試對象超過68000。故選A。

23.AccordingtoPatel’sstudy,whichofthefollowingisnottrue?

【解析】根據(jù)錄音內(nèi)容“Hisstudyofmorethan68000womenhasfoundthatthosewhosleeplessthan5hoursanightgainmoreweightovertimethanthosewhosleep7hoursanight”可知,A選項恰與之意思相反。故選A。

24.AccordingtoPatel,whatmightbethereasonbehindtheweightdifferences?

【解析】根據(jù)錄音內(nèi)容“Lowermetabolicratebehindtheweightgain”可知,由于睡眠時間少而導(dǎo)致的代謝緩慢可能是體重增加的原因。故選C。

25.WhatsuggestionwillPatelgivetothosewhowanttoloseweight?

【解析】根據(jù)錄音內(nèi)容“Itobviouslyalsosuggeststhatgettingpeopletosleepmoremightbearelativelyeasywaytohelppeopleloseweight”可知,對于要減肥的人們來說,多睡會兒可能會起作用。故選D。

24.單選題

Picture-takingisatechniquebothforannexingtheobjectiveworldandforexpressingthesingularself.Photographsdepictobjectiverealitiesthatalreadyexist,thoughonlythecameracandisclosethem.Andtheydepictanindividualphotographer’stemperament,discoveringitselfthroughthecamera’scroppingofreality.Thatis,photographyhastwoantitheticalideals:inthefirst,photographyisabouttheworldandthephotographerisamereobserverwhocountsforlittle;butinthesecond,photographyistheinstrumentofintrepid,questingsubjectivityandthephotographerisall.

Theseconflictingidealsarisefromafundamentaluneasinessonthepartofbothphotographersandviewersofphotographstowardtheaggressivecomponentin“taking”apicture.Accordingly,theidealofaphotographerasanobserverisattractivebecauseitimplicitlydeniesthatpicture-takingisanaggressiveact.Theissue,ofcourse,isnotsoclear-cut.Whatphotographersdocannotbecharacterizedassimplypredatoryorassimply,andessentially,benevolent.Asaconsequence,oneidealofpicture-takingortheotherisalwaysbeingrediscoveredandchampioned.

Animportantresultofthecoexistenceofthesetwoidealsisarecurrentambivalencetowardphotography’smeans.Whatevertheclaimsthatphotographymightmaketobeaformofpersonalexpressiononaparwithpainting,itsoriginalityisinextricablylinkedtothepowersofamachine.Thesteadygrowthofthesepowershasmadepossibletheextraordinaryinformativenessandimaginativeformalbeautyofmanyphotographs,likeHaroldEdgerton’shigh-speedphotographsofabullethittingitstargetoroftheswirlsandeddiesofatennisstroke.Butascamerasbecomemoresophisticated,moreautomated,somephotographersaretemptedtodisarmthemselvesortosuggestthattheyarenotreallyarmed,preferringtosubmitthemselvestothelimitsimposedbypremoderncameratechnologybecauseacruder,lesshigh-poweredmachineisthoughttogivemoreinterestingoremotiveresults,toleavemoreroomforcreativeaccident.Forexample,ithasbeenvirtuallyapointofhonorformanyphotographers,includingWalkerEvansandCartierBresson,torefusetousemodernequipment.Thesephotographershavecometodoubtthevalueofthecameraasaninstrumentof“fastseeing”.CartierBresson,infact,claimsthatthemoderncameramayseetoofast.

Thisambivalencetowardphotographicmeansdeterminestrendsintaste.Thecultofthefuture(offasterandfasterseeing)alternatesovertimewiththewishtoreturntoapurerpast—whenimageshadahandmadequality.Thisnostalgiaforsomepristinestateofthephotographicenterpriseiscurrentlywidespreadandunderliesthepresent-dayenthusiasmfordaguerreotypesandthewokofforgottennineteenth-centuryprovincialphotographers.Photographersandviewersofphotographs,itseems,needperiodicallytoresisttheirownknowingness.

1.Accordingtothepassage,interestamongphotographersineachofphotography’stwoidealscanbedescribedas()

2.Theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwith

()

3.TheauthormentionstheworkofHaroldEdgertoninordertoprovideanexampleof()

4.Accordingtothepassage,thetwoantitheticalidealsofphotographydifferprimarilyinthe

()

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementswouldbemostlikelytobegintheparagraphimmediatelyfollow-ingthepassage?

問題1選項

A.rapidlychanging

B.cyclicallyrecurring

C.steadilygrowing

D.unimportanttotheviewersofphotographs

問題2選項

A.establishingnewtechnicalstandardsforcontemporaryphotography

B.analyzingtheinfluenceofphotographicidealsonpicture-taking

C.tracingthedevelopmentofcameratechnologyinthetwentiethcentury

D.describinghowphotographers’individualtemperamentsarereflectedintheirwork

問題3選項

A.howacontrolledambivalencetowardphotography’smeanscanproduceoutstandingpictures

B.howthecontentofphotographshaschangedfromthenineteenthcenturytothetwentieth

C.thepopularityofhigh-speedphotographyinthetwentiethcentury

D.therelationshipbetweenphotographicoriginalityandtechnology

問題4選項

A.valuethateachplacesonthebeautyofthefinishedprod

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