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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-山東大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買!第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題
Therats(
)bacterialinfectionsoftheblood.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.develop
B.produce
C.stimulate
D.induce
【答案】A
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。develop意為“發(fā)展,患(病),出現(xiàn)(問題)”;produce意為“生產(chǎn),制造”;stimulate意為“刺激”;induce意為“引誘”。bacterialinfections意為“細(xì)菌感染”,時(shí)一種病癥,主語(yǔ)為“rats(老鼠)”,故只有A選項(xiàng)符合邏輯。
句意:老鼠出現(xiàn)了血液細(xì)菌感染。
2.單選題
Thismountainrangehasmanyhigh______andfertilevalleys.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.peaks
B.hills
C.phases
D.pink
【答案】B
【解析】【試題答案】B
【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)peaks“山頂;頂峰”;B選項(xiàng)hills“山丘;(道路的)斜坡”;C選項(xiàng)phases“階段”;D選項(xiàng)pink“粉紅色”。句意:這條山脈有許多高_(dá)_____和肥沃的山谷。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境,這里指的是這條山脈包含了許多座山,B選項(xiàng)hills“山丘”符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。
3.單選題
Thebadanddampweatherinthehotareawouldenabletheplantstoget()quickly.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.decomposed
B.denounced
C.detached
D.deduced
【答案】A
【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。decompose“分解,腐爛”;denounce“譴責(zé),告發(fā)”;detach“分離,派遣”;deduce“推斷,演繹出”。句意:炎熱地區(qū)的惡劣潮濕天氣會(huì)使植物迅速分解腐爛。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。
4.填空題
Lastyearthedirectorofourcompanywasaccused(1)corruptionandarrested.Athis(2)threeseniorgovernment(3)testifiedthathehadattemptedtobribethem.Intheendhewasfoundguiltyandsentencedtofifteenyearsin(4).
【答案】of;trial;officials;prison
【解析】句意:去年,我們公司的董事被控告貪污而被捕。在審判中,三名政府官員舉證其試圖賄賂他們。最終他被判有罪,判處入獄十五年。
1.固定搭配。beaccusedof被控告。
2.語(yǔ)義題。根據(jù)后面的testified(舉證)推測(cè)此時(shí)場(chǎng)景為審判時(shí),故填trail。
3.語(yǔ)義題。根據(jù)后面的bribe(賄賂)可以推斷出賄賂的對(duì)象一般是指“政府官員”,填officials。
4.語(yǔ)義題。句意為:判處入獄十五年。
5.單選題
Publicspeakingfillsmostpeoplewithdread.Humiliationisthegreatestfear;self-exposureandfailingtoappealtotheaudiencecomeaclosesecond.Womenhateitmost,sincegirlsarepressurizedfromanearlyagetobeconcernedwithappearancesofallkinds.
Mostpeoplehaveplentyofinsecurities,andthisseemslikeasituationthatwillbringthemout.Ifyouwereunderpressuretobeperfect,youareterrifiedoffallinginthemostpublicofways.
Whileextrovertswillfeellessfearbeforetheordeal,itdoesnotmeantheywillnecessarilydoitbetter.Someveryshypeoplemanagetoshine.WhenImettheBritishcomedianJulianClary,hewasshyandcautious,yethisTVperformancesareperfect.
Infact,personalityisnotthebestpredictorofwhodoesitwell.Regardlessofwhatyouarelikeinreallife,thekeyseemstobetoactyourself.Actualacting,asinperformingthescriptedlinesofacharacterotherthanyourself,doesnotdothejob.Whilepoliticiansmaylimitdamagebyhavingcarefullyrehearsed,writtenscriptstospeakfrom,thereisalwaysahiddenawarenessamongtheaudiencethatthewordsmightnotbetrue.
Likewise,theincrediblyperfectspeechesofmanyAmericanacademicsarefarfromnatural.Youmayendupbuyingtheirbookonthewayout,butsoonafterwards,itismuchlikefastfood,andyougetanamelesssensethatyou’vebeencheated.
Although,asEarlSpencerprovedathissisterPrincessDiana’sfuneral,itispossiblebothtoprepareeverywordandtoactnaturally.Ascriptrarelyworksanditisusedtohelpmostspeakers.
But,beingyourselfdoesn’tworkeither.Ifyouspokeasifyouwereinyourownkitchen,itwouldbetooauthentic,toounawareoftheneedtocommunicatewithanaudience.
IremembergoingtoseeBritishpsychiatristR.D.Laingspeakinpublic.Hebehavedlikeaseriouslyoddperson,talkingoffthetopofhishead.Althoughhewastalkingaboutmadnessandhewroteonmentalillness,heseemedtobeexhibitingratherthanexplainingit.
Thebestpsychologicalplacefromwhichtospeakisanunselfconsciousself-consciousness,providingtheillusionofbeingnatural.Studiessuggestthatthisstateof“flow”,aspsychologistscallit,isverysatisfying.
1.“This”inParagraphTworefersto().
2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheauthor’sviewpoint?
3.Whatistheauthor’sviewonpersonality?
4.TheauthorimpliesthatwhilespeakingR.D.Laing().
5.Inthelastparagraphtheauthorrecommendsthat().
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.insecurity
B.senseoffailure
C.publicspeaking
D.pressure
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.Actinglikeperformersspoilsthemessageinaspeech.
B.Perfectionofscriptsisnecessaryinmakinggoodimpressions.
C.Actingnaturallymeanslessdependenceonthepreparedscript.
D.Thereshouldbeabalancebetweenactualactingandactingnaturally.
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.Personalityisthekeytosuccessinpublicspeaking.
B.Extrovertsarebetterpublicspeakers.
C.Introvertshavetolearnhardertobegoodspeakers.
D.Factorsotherthanpersonalityensurebetterperformance.
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.wasbothtoocasualandauthentic
B.wasactinglikeaperformer
C.waskeepingagoodbalance
D.wasawareofhisaudience
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.youforgetaboutyournervousness
B.youfeelnaturalandspeaknaturally
C.youmayfeelnervous,butappearnaturally
D.youmayimagineyourselftobenatural
【答案】第1題:C
第2題:B
第3題:D
第4題:B
第5題:D
【解析】1.推理判斷題。題干:文章第二段的“this”指的是___________。第一段說到演講使很多人望而卻步。首先是因?yàn)楹π?,其次是害怕在眾人面前露面而且?dān)心不能吸引聽眾。女人尤其討厭演講,因?yàn)榕⒆訌男【透惺艿礁鞣N公開露面的壓力。然后定位到文章第二段Mostpeoplehaveplentyofinsecurities,andthisseemslikeasituationthatwillbringthemout.(很多人都有較強(qiáng)的不安全感,這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)似乎可以引發(fā)人們的不安全感。),根據(jù)上下文可知,指示代詞this指代本篇主題:公開演講。所以本題的正確選項(xiàng)是C“公開演講”。
2.推理判斷題。題干:以下哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)不是作者的觀點(diǎn)________。第四段第三句話Actualacting,asinperformingthescriptedlinesofacharacterotherthanyourself,doesnotdothejob.像真正的演員那樣表演,就像是在念別人的臺(tái)詞而不是你自己的臺(tái)詞一樣,往往是行不通的。對(duì)應(yīng)A選項(xiàng)“表演得像演員一樣會(huì)破壞演講中的信息”的內(nèi)容。第五段第一句話Likewise,theincrediblyperfectspeechesofmanyAmericanacademicsarefarfromnatural.Youmayendupbuyingtheirbookonthewayout,butsoonafterwards,itismuchlikefastfood,andyougetanamelesssensethatyou’vebeencheated.(同樣地,許多美國(guó)學(xué)者的完美地不可思議的演講都極不自然。你可能會(huì)在聽完演講后買他們的書,但是很快,你會(huì)有一種莫名的上當(dāng)受騙的感覺,就像吃完快餐食品后的感覺一樣。聽完許多完美地不可思議的演講后往往會(huì)有一種莫名的上當(dāng)受騙的感覺。),說明太完美的內(nèi)容讓演講不自然,和B選項(xiàng)“為了給人留下好印象,完美的劇本是必要的”表達(dá)的意思不符合,所以本題應(yīng)該選擇B選項(xiàng)。第六段的第二句話Ascriptrarelyworksanditisusedtohelpmostspeakers.(但是稿子很少能起作用,它只是大多數(shù)演講者的拐杖而已。)和C選項(xiàng)“自然的表演意味著少依賴準(zhǔn)備好的劇本”內(nèi)容對(duì)應(yīng),綜合以上,可以推斷出即使是精心準(zhǔn)備的演講也不一定能夠博得聽眾的好感,所以D選項(xiàng)“在真實(shí)的表演和自然的表演之間應(yīng)該有一個(gè)平衡?!币彩钦_的。綜上所述,本題的正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。
3.推理判斷題。題干:關(guān)于個(gè)性,哪一項(xiàng)是作者的觀點(diǎn)?通過第四段第一句話Infact,personalityisnotthebestpredictorofwhodoesitwell.(事實(shí)上,性格并不能最準(zhǔn)確地預(yù)測(cè)出一個(gè)人能否成功。),可推斷出A選項(xiàng)“性格是成功演講的關(guān)鍵”錯(cuò)誤。通過第三段第一句話Whileextrovertswillfeellessfearbeforetheordeal,itdoesnotmeantheywillnecessarilydoitbetter.Someveryshypeoplemanagetoshine.(性格外向的人在這種折磨下比性格內(nèi)向的人感受到的恐懼要小些,但這并不意味著他們一定會(huì)比性格內(nèi)向的人做得更好。有些很害羞的人也能成功得使自己脫穎而出。)可推斷出B選項(xiàng)“外向的人是更好的公眾演說家”錯(cuò)誤,和C選項(xiàng)“內(nèi)向的人要想成為優(yōu)秀的演講者必須更加努力學(xué)習(xí)”錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞personality定位到第四段:Infact,personalityisnotthebestpredictorofwhodoesitwell.Regardlessofwhatyouarelikeinreallife,thekeyseemstobetoactyourself.(人的性格并非做好演講的最好標(biāo)準(zhǔn),關(guān)鍵在于其他因素。)。綜上所述,本題D選項(xiàng)“人格之外的因素保證了更好的表現(xiàn)”正確。
4.推理判斷題。題干:當(dāng)提起R.D.Laing時(shí),作者暗示________。通過題干關(guān)鍵詞“R.D.Laing”定位到第八段Hebehavedlikeaseriouslyoddperson,talkingoffthetopofhishead.Althoughhewastalkingaboutmadnessandhewroteonmentalillness,heseemedtobeexhibitingratherthanexplainingit.(當(dāng)他即興發(fā)言的時(shí)候表現(xiàn)地好像個(gè)十足的怪人。盡管他那天談?wù)摰氖怯嘘P(guān)瘋狂的話題,而且他的文章寫的是精神病,他看起來就像是在表演而不是在進(jìn)行解釋。),因此R.D.Laing在演講時(shí)更多的是在表演,是在作秀,故B選項(xiàng)“表現(xiàn)得像個(gè)表演者”為正確答案。其他三項(xiàng)在文中均未提及,排除。
5.推理判斷題。題干:在最后一段,作者建議_________。定位到文章最后一段,Thebestpsychologicalplacefromwhichtospeakisanunselfconsciousself-consciousness,providingtheillusionofbeingnatural.(演講時(shí)的最佳心理狀態(tài)是無意識(shí)的自我意識(shí),從而獲得表現(xiàn)自然的幻覺。),所以本題的正確答案是D選項(xiàng)“你可以想象自己是自然的”,A選項(xiàng)“你會(huì)忘記你的緊張”,文章并沒有暗示演講時(shí)會(huì)忘記你的緊張,所以A選項(xiàng)排除,B選項(xiàng)“你感覺自然,說話自然”,最后一段表達(dá)的意思是,心里狀態(tài)要自然,并沒有提及說話需不需要自然,所以B選項(xiàng)排除,C選項(xiàng)“你可能會(huì)感到緊張,但要表現(xiàn)得自然”文章表達(dá)的是要克服緊張的心里情緒,所以C選項(xiàng)也不正確,綜上所述,本題的正確答案為D選項(xiàng)。
6.單選題
ThelandscapeoftheGiant’sCauseway,lurkingbelowthegauntseawallwherethelandends,musthavestruckwonderintotheheartsoftheancientIrish,whosubsequentlyfeltinspiredandcreatedlegendsaboutitsbuilder:thegiantFinnMcCool.TheCausewayCoasthasanunparalleleddisplayofgeologicalformationsrepresentingvolcanicactivityduringtheEarlyTertiaryPeriodsome5060millionyearsago.ItsTertiarylavasoftheAntrimPlateau,coveringsome3,800sqkm,representthelargestremaininglavaplateauinEurope.
TheCausewayisamassofbasaltcolumnspackedtightlytogether.Thetopsofthecolumnsformsteppingstonesthatleadfromtheclifffootanddisappearunderthesea.Altogetherthereare40,000ofthesestonecolumns,mostlyhexagonal,butsomearequadrangular,pentagonal,heptagonalandoctagonal.Thetallestateabout40feethigh,andthesolidifiedlavainthecliffsis90feetthickinplaces.
AfinecircularwalkwilltakeyoudowntotheGiant’sCauseway,pastamphitheatresofstonecolumnsandformationswithfancifulnamesliketheHoneycomb,theWishingWell,andtheGiant’sGranny,pastawoodenstaircasetoBenbaneHead,andbackalongthecliff-top.Furtherdownthecoast,thestunningCarrick-a-rederopebridgespansagapingchasmbetweenthecoastandasmallislandusedbyfishermen.Theeighty-footdropcanbecrossedviatheswingingbridge―andisnotforthefaint-hearted!
TheGiant’sCausewayandCausewayCoastsitewasinscribedasaWorldHeritageSitebyUNESCOin1986.ThesiteisofoutstandinguniversalvalueandmeetsthecriteriasetintheWorldHeritageConvention.Namely,itisanoutstandingexamplerepresentingmajorstagesoftheearth’shistoryincludingtherecordoflife:significanton-goinggeologicalprocessesinlandformdevelopments,andsignificantgeomorphicandphysiographicfeatures;moreover,italsocontainssuperlativenaturalphenomenaandareasofexceptionalnaturalbeautyandaestheticimportance.
MoyleDistrictCouncil’sCausewayVisitorCentreisopendailyallyearroundandlocatedontheclifftop1kmfromthesite.TheCentreistheidealstartingpointforwalksalongthecoastalandcliff-toppaths,providingallexcellentrangeofvisitorservices.A12-minuteaudio-visualpresentation,withcommentaryavailablein5Europeanlanguages,enablesvisitorstofurtherexploretheoriginsoftheGiant’sCausewaythroughlocalfolkloreandscientifictheory,andhighlightsthemanyotherattractionsoftheCausewayCoastandGlensofAntrimarea.
50.TheGiant’sCausewaywascreatedby______.
51.ThelastsentenceinParagraph3impliesthatthetripontheswingingbridgeisquite______.
52.WhichoftheGiant’sCauseway’sfeaturesbestfitswiththecriteriasetintheWorldHeritageConvention?
53.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueoftheGiant’sCauseway?
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.theancientIrishpeople
B.thegiantFinnMcCool
C.thevolcanicactivities
D.thedriftoflavaplateau
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.inviting
B.intimidating
C.eye-opening
D.heart-breaking
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.Itsunparalleleddisplayofgeologicalformations.
B.Itsamphitheatreswithfancilynamedstonecolumns.
C.ItslargestremaininglavaplateauinEurope.
D.Itsswingingropebridgebetweenthecoastandalittleisle.
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.Itprovidesvisitorsgrandandbreath-takingviews.
B.ItisasourceofliteraryinspirationfortheancientIrish.
C.Itservesasanexcellentpieceofmaterialforscientificresearch.
D.ItdwarfsmanyotherWorldHeritageSitesinEurope.
【答案】第1題:C
第2題:B
第3題:A
第4題:D
【解析】50.【試題答案】C
【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“巨人之路是由……創(chuàng)造的”。根據(jù)文章第一句ThelandscapeoftheGiant’sCauseway,lurkingbelowthegauntseawallwherethelandends,musthavestruckwonderintotheheartsoftheancientIrish,whosubsequentlyfeltinspiredandcreatedlegendsaboutitsbuilder:thegiantFinnMcCool.(潛伏在陸地盡頭、荒涼的海堤下的巨人之路,肯定讓古代愛爾蘭人感到驚奇,他們隨后受到啟發(fā)并創(chuàng)造了有關(guān)它的建造者的傳說,即巨人芬恩麥庫(kù)爾)和第二句TheCausewayCoasthasanunparalleleddisplayofgeologicalformationsrepresentingvolcanicactivityduringtheEarlyTertiaryPeriodsome5060millionyearsago.(堤道海岸有著無與倫比的地質(zhì)構(gòu)造,代表了約5億6千萬(wàn)年前第三紀(jì)早期的火山活動(dòng)),以及第四段中的TheGiant’sCausewayandCausewayCoastsitewasinscribedasaWorldHeritageSite…itisanoutstandingexamplerepresentingmajorstagesoftheearth’shistoryincludingtherecordoflife:significanton-goinggeologicalprocessesinlandformdevelopments,andsignificantgeomorphicandphysiographicfeatures(巨人之路和堤道海岸于1986年被聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織列入世界遺產(chǎn)名錄……它是一個(gè)杰出的例子,代表了地球歷史的主要階段,包括生命的記錄:在地形發(fā)展中的重要的持續(xù)地質(zhì)過程,以及重要的地貌和地貌特征),可知,巨人之路的創(chuàng)造是由于火山的活動(dòng)而產(chǎn)生了持續(xù)的地質(zhì)過程,從而形成巨人之路,所以C項(xiàng)“火山活動(dòng)”正確。A項(xiàng)“古代愛爾蘭人”錯(cuò)誤;D項(xiàng)“熔巖高原的漂移”中的“漂移”文中沒有提及;B項(xiàng)“巨人芬恩麥庫(kù)爾”為干擾項(xiàng),文章第一句說到了legend(神話),可知巨人之路是由巨人芬恩麥庫(kù)爾創(chuàng)造的并不是真實(shí)發(fā)生的事情,而是愛爾蘭人們?yōu)榱私忉屵@一現(xiàn)象而創(chuàng)造出來的神話,該項(xiàng)不選。因此,該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。
51.【試題答案】B
【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“第三段的最后一句話暗示了在搖擺橋上的旅行是相當(dāng)……”。根據(jù)題干定位到第三段最后一句Theeighty-footdropcanbecrossedviatheswingingbridge―andisnotforthefaint-hearted!(可以通過80英尺落差的搖擺橋,膽小的人可不行?。勺詈蟮膄aint-hearted(怯懦的,膽怯的)就可以推知,搖擺橋是令人害怕的,B項(xiàng)“令人生畏的”正確。A項(xiàng)“誘人的,有魅力的”、C項(xiàng)“使人開眼界的”和D項(xiàng)“心碎的”都不正確。因此,該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。
52.【試題答案】A
【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“巨人之路的哪一個(gè)特征最符合世界遺產(chǎn)公約的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)?”。根據(jù)題干定位到文章第四段ThesiteisofoutstandinguniversalvalueandmeetsthecriteriasetintheWorldHeritageConvention.Namely,itisanoutstandingexamplerepresentingmajorstagesoftheearth’shistoryincludingtherecordoflife:significanton-goinggeologicalprocessesinlandformdevelopments,andsignificantgeomorphicandphysiographicfeatures;moreover,italsocontainssuperlativenaturalphenomenaandareasofexceptionalnaturalbeautyandaestheticimportance.(該遺址具有突出的普世價(jià)值,符合《世界遺產(chǎn)公約》規(guī)定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。也就是說,它是一個(gè)杰出的例子,代表了地球歷史的主要階段,包括生命的記錄:在地形發(fā)展中的重要的持續(xù)地質(zhì)過程,以及重要的地貌和地貌特征;此外,它還包含了最高的自然現(xiàn)象和特殊的自然美和美學(xué)重要性的領(lǐng)域。),可知巨人之路的持續(xù)地質(zhì)過程、重要的地貌和地貌特征以及自然現(xiàn)象和自然美是最符合世界遺產(chǎn)公約的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),所以A項(xiàng)“無與倫比的地質(zhì)構(gòu)造”最能概括這幾點(diǎn)。B項(xiàng)“它的圓形凹地有著名字奇特的石柱”、C項(xiàng)“歐洲最大的熔巖高原”和D項(xiàng)“在海岸和一個(gè)小島之間的搖擺繩索橋”都是包括在里面的。因此,該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。
53.【試題答案】D
【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“關(guān)于巨人之路,下列哪項(xiàng)是不正確的?”。由最后一段第二句TheCentreistheidealstartingpointforwalksalongthecoastalandcliff-toppaths,providingallexcellentrangeofvisitorservices.(該中心是沿海岸和懸崖的理想起點(diǎn),為游客提供各種優(yōu)質(zhì)的服務(wù)。)可知,A項(xiàng)“它為游客提供了壯麗的景色”符合原文。由文章第一句ThelandscapeoftheGiant’sCauseway,lurkingbelowthegauntseawallwherethelandends,musthavestruckwonderintotheheartsoftheancientIrish,whosubsequentlyfeltinspiredandcreatedlegendsaboutitsbuilder:thegiantFinnMcCool.(潛伏在陸地盡頭、荒涼的海堤下的巨人之路,肯定讓古代愛爾蘭人感到驚奇,他們隨后受到啟發(fā)并創(chuàng)造了有關(guān)它的建造者的傳說,即巨人芬恩麥庫(kù)爾)可知,B項(xiàng)“它是古代愛爾蘭文學(xué)靈感的來源”正確。由最后一段倒數(shù)第一句A12-minuteaudio-visualpresentation,withcommentaryavailablein5Europeanlanguages,enablesvisitorstofurtherexploretheoriginsoftheGiant’sCausewaythroughlocalfolkloreandscientifictheory…(12分鐘的視聽介紹,配有5種歐洲語(yǔ)言的解說,使游客可以通過當(dāng)?shù)氐拿耖g傳說和科學(xué)理論進(jìn)一步探索巨人之路的起源……)可知,巨人之路在科學(xué)理論的探索上發(fā)揮了作用,C項(xiàng)“它是科學(xué)研究的絕佳材料”也符合。只有D項(xiàng)“它使歐洲的許多其他世界遺產(chǎn)相形見絀”在文中并沒有提到。因此,該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。
7.單選題
Eyespots,themostrudimentaryeyes,arefoundinprotozoanflagellates,flatworms,andsegmentedworms.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.principal
B.perceptive
C.primitive
D.persistent
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容詞辨析。rudimentary表示“基本的,退化的,未發(fā)展的”;A項(xiàng)principal“主要的,資本的”,B項(xiàng)perceptive“洞察力強(qiáng)的,思維敏捷的”,C項(xiàng)primitive“原始的,遠(yuǎn)古的”,D項(xiàng)persistent“執(zhí)著的,堅(jiān)持不懈的”。句意:眼斑存在于原生動(dòng)物鞭毛蟲、扁蟲和分節(jié)蟲中,是未發(fā)展的眼睛。根據(jù)句意可知,rudimentary在句子中表示“原始的,未進(jìn)化的”意思,只有C項(xiàng)符合。故該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。
8.單選題
Sometimespatientssufferingfromseverepaincanbehelpedby"drugs”thataren'treallydrugsatall(
)sugarpillsthatcontainnoactivechemicalelements.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.butrather
B.orratherthan
C.orrather
D.butratherthan
【答案】A
【解析】考查固定搭配。no...butrather...“不是……而是”固定搭配。句意:有時(shí)候能幫助緩解病人劇痛的不是真正意義上的藥物,而是不含任何化學(xué)成分的糖衣片。答案A
9.單選題
Darwinstatedthatthemoresurvivalcharacteristicsacreaturehas(
)thechancethatnewspecieswilladoptthesecharacteristics.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.thebest
B.thebetter
C.betterthan
D.asgoodas
【答案】B
【解析】固定搭配?!癟he+比較級(jí),the+比較級(jí)”,表示“越……就越……”,B選項(xiàng)正確。句意是‘達(dá)爾文指出,一個(gè)生物擁有的生存特征越多,該物種拙有這些特征的機(jī)會(huì)越大?!?/p>
10.單選題
Americawillneveragainhaveasanationthespiritofadventureasit(
)beforetheWestwassettled.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.could
B.did
C.would
D.was
【答案】B
【解析】考查語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。根據(jù)句意可知空白處是指代前面的動(dòng)詞have,并且是過去時(shí)態(tài),所以選項(xiàng)B符合題意。
11.單選題
[A]Asregardsourforeignpolicy,itis[B]nolessourinterest[C]asourdutytomaintainthemostFriendly[D]relationswithothercountries.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.Asregards
B.noless
C.as
D.relations
【答案】C
【解析】【答案】C
【考查點(diǎn)】固定搭配。
【解題思路】短語(yǔ)nolessthan為固定搭配,表示“不少于,多達(dá)”。因此,本題應(yīng)將C選項(xiàng)改為than。
【句意】至于我們的外交政策,與其他國(guó)家保持最友好的關(guān)系既是我們的利益,也是我們的責(zé)任。
12.單選題
Headdeda()tohisletterbysayingthathewouldarrivebefore8pm.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.presidency
B.prestige
C.postscript
D.preliminary
【答案】C
【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)presidency“總統(tǒng)(或董事長(zhǎng)、會(huì)長(zhǎng)、大學(xué)校長(zhǎng)等)的職位(任期)”;B選項(xiàng)prestige“威望,聲望”;C選項(xiàng)postscript“附言;又及”;D選項(xiàng)preliminary“初步的,開始的,預(yù)備的”。句意:他在信上加了(),說他將在晚上8點(diǎn)前到達(dá)。這里表達(dá)的意思是“他在附言里說……”,因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。
13.單選題
AsfarasIknowthe()
intheiragesis10years.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.disparity
B.displacement
C.disorder
D.disposition
【答案】A
【解析】名詞辨析題。disparity懸殊、不同;displacement取代、位移;disorder混亂;disposition性情、傾向。句意:據(jù)我所知,他們的年齡相差10年。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。
14.單選題
Anidealcollegeshouldbeacommunity,aplaceofclose,natural,intimateassociation,notonlyoftheyoungmenwhoareitspupilsandnovicesinvariouslinesofstudy,butalsoofyoungmenwitholdermen,withmaturemen,withveteransandprofessionalinthegreatundertakingoflearning,ofteacherswithpupils,outsidetheclassroomaswellasinsideit.Nooneissuccessfullyeducatedwithinthewallsofanyparticularclassroomorlaboratoryormuseum;andnoamountofassociation,howevercloseandfamiliaranddelightful,betweenmerebeginnerscaneverproducethesortofenlightenmentwhichtheyoungladgetswhenhefirst-beginstocatchtheinfectionoflearning.Thetroublewithmostofourcollegesnowadaysisthatthefacultyofthecollegeliveonelifeandtheundergraduatesquiteadifferentone.Theyconstitutetwocommunities.Thelifeoftheundergraduatesisnottouchedwiththepersonalinfluenceoftheteachers:lifeamongtheteachersisnottouchedbythepersonalimpressionswhichshouldcomefromfrequentandintimatecontactwithundergraduates.Thisseparationneednotexist,and,inthecollegeoftheidealuniversity,wouldnotexist.
Itisperfectlypossibletoorganizethelifeofourcollegesinsuchawaythatstudentsandteachersalikewilltakepartinit;insuchawaythataperfectlynaturaldailyintercoursewillbe
establishedbetweenthem;anditisonlybysuchanorganizationthattheycanbegivenrealvitalityasplacesofserioustraining,bemadecommunitiesinwhichyoungsterswillcomefullytorealizehowinterestingintellectualworkis,howvital,howimportant,howcloselyassociatedwithallmodernachievement—onlybysuchanorganizationthatstudycanbemadetoseempartoflifeitself.Lecturesoftenseemveryformalandemptythings;recitationsgenerallyproveverydullandunrewarding.Itisinconversationandnaturalintercoursewithscholarschieflythatyoufindhowlivelyknowledgeis,howittiesintoeverythingthatisinterestingandimportant,howintimateapartitisofeverythingthatispracticalandconnectedwiththeworld.Menarenotalwaysmadethoughtfulbybooks,buttheyaregenerallymadethoughtfulbyassociationwithmenwhothink.
Thepresentandmostpressingproblemofouruniversityauthoritiesistobringaboutthisvitalassociationforthebenefitofthenovicesoftheuniversityworld,theundergraduates.Classroommethodsarethoroughenough;competentscholarsalreadylectureandsettasksandsuperintendtheirperformance;butthelifeoftheaverageundergraduateoutsidetheclassroomandotherstatedappointmentswithhisinstructorsisnotverymuchaffectedbyhisstudies:isalmostentirelydissociatedfromintellectualinterests.
1.Successfuleducationistheacquiringofknowledgefrom(
).
2.Theteacherandthestudentdonotunderstandeachothermuchbecause(
).
3.Theteacherandthestudent(
).
4.Mantendstothinkbecause(
).
5.Itisfoundthatastudentdoesnotoftenmakethemostuseof(
)tomakelifemoreworthliving.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.classrooms,laboratoriesandmuseums
B.allsourcesavailable
C.intimateassociationbetweenbeginners
D.experiencedscholars
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.theydonotlivetogether
B.theydonotoftentrytoexchangeideas,emotionsandexperiences
C.theydonotrespecteachother
D.theyhavedifferentstandards’ofeducation
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.canactuallyliveineachother’slife
B.canlivetogetherinthesameplace
C.canplayequallywell
D.candiscussfreelyeveryday
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.hehasreadalot
B.heisinterestedinthesubject
C.heknowshowothersmayfeel
D.hewantstolearn
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.classroommethods
B.tasks
C.hisschoolknowledge
D.hisperformance
【答案】第1題:B
第2題:B
第3題:A
第4題:D
第5題:C
【解析】1.推理判斷題。文章第一段提出觀點(diǎn):理想校園應(yīng)該是多樣的,而且沒有人在任何特定的教室、實(shí)驗(yàn)室或博物館內(nèi)接受過成功的教育。校園里的分離是不需要存在的,并且在理想大學(xué)的學(xué)院中也不存在。因此判斷只有B項(xiàng)“成功的教育是從知識(shí)中獲取的”符合文意。
2.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段中“Thetroublewithmostofourcollegesnowadaysisthatthefacultyofthecollegeliveonelifeandtheundergraduatesquiteadifferentone.Theyconstitutetwocommunities.Thelifeoftheundergraduatesisnottouchedwiththepersonalinfluenceoftheteachers:lifeamongtheteachersisnottouchedbythepersonalimpressionswhichshouldcomefromfrequentandintimatecontactwithundergraduates.”,中文大意為:現(xiàn)在我們大多數(shù)大學(xué)的問題在于,學(xué)院的教職員工過著一種生活,而本科生則完全不同。他們構(gòu)成了兩個(gè)社區(qū)。大學(xué)生的生活不受教師的個(gè)人影響,教師之間的生活不受來自與大學(xué)生頻繁、親密接觸的個(gè)人印象的影響。由此可知B選項(xiàng)“他們通常不會(huì)交換想法、情感和經(jīng)驗(yàn)”符合題意。
3.推理判斷題。由題干可定位到原文第二段中“Itisperfectlypossibletoorganizethelifeofourcollegesinsuchawaythatstudentsandteachersalikewilltakepartinit”,中文翻譯為:我們完全有可能把大學(xué)的生活組織起來,使學(xué)生和教師都能參與其中。以及下文“Itisonlybysuchanorganizationthattheycanbegivenrealvitalityasplacesofserioustraining,bemadecommunitiesinwhichyoungsterswillcomefullytorealizehowinterestingintellectualworkis”,中文翻譯為:只有通過這樣的組織,才能使大學(xué)這種嚴(yán)格地培養(yǎng)人的地方真正充滿朝氣,才能使他們成為共同生活的團(tuán)體,年輕人在其中會(huì)充分認(rèn)識(shí)到腦力勞動(dòng)是多么有趣。綜合而知,A項(xiàng)“能真正活在彼此的生活中”正確。
4.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第二段中“Itisinconversationandnaturalintercoursewithscholarschieflythatyoufindhowlivelyknowledgeis,howittiesintoeverythingthatisinterestingandimportant,howintimateapartitisofeverythingthatispracticalandconnectedwiththeworld.Menarenotalwaysmadethoughtfulbybooks,buttheyaregenerallymadethoughtfulbyassociationwithmenwhothink.”,中文翻譯為:正是與學(xué)者的交談和自然交流,你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)知識(shí)是多么生動(dòng)、知識(shí)與一切有趣和重要的事物是多么緊密相連,它是這些事物的不可分割的一部分,是一切實(shí)用的以及與當(dāng)今世界有關(guān)的事物密切聯(lián)系的一部分。人們并不總是通過書本來思考,但是通常與善于思考的人交往能使人善于思考??梢缘弥狣選項(xiàng)“他想了解”正確。
5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到文章尾段“Classroommethodsarethoroughenough;competentscholarsalreadylectureandsettasksandsuperintendtheirperformance;butthelifeoftheaverageundergraduateoutsidetheclassroomandotherstatedappointmentswithhisinstructorsisnotverymuchaffectedbyhisstudies:isalmostentirelydissociatedfromintellectualinterests.”,中文翻譯為:課堂教學(xué)方法足夠徹底;有能力的學(xué)者已經(jīng)講課,設(shè)定任務(wù)并監(jiān)督他們的表現(xiàn);但是,普通本科生的課外生活以及與導(dǎo)師的其他約定并沒有受到他學(xué)習(xí)的太大影響:幾乎完全脫離了他的智力興趣。因此C選項(xiàng)最符合。
15.單選題
NazismandFascismwere(
)tobethrownintothedumpofhistory.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.deposited
B.doomed
C.damned
D.deserved
【答案】B
【解析】句意:納粹和法西斯主義注定要被扔進(jìn)歷史的垃圾堆。
固定搭配。bedoomedto注定。
16.單選題
8.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.ToX-rayhischest.
B.Tohospitalizehim.
C.Toperformaminorsurgery.
D.Totransferhimtoaspecialist.
【答案】C
【解析】W:Whathappened?
M:Iwasinafightandgotmyheadhurt.
W:Wereyouknockedout?
M:No.
W:IwantyoutogoforanX-ray.Andcomebacktome.You’llneedsomestitchesforthatwound.
Q:Whatisthedoctorgoingtodofortheman?
【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。醫(yī)生告訴男士先去做X光,回來后傷口需要縫針。
17.單選題
Franklyspeaking,I'dratheryou()anythingaboutitforthetimebeing.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.do
B.don'tdo
C.did
D.didn'tdo
【答案】D
【解析】wouldrather引導(dǎo)的從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,動(dòng)詞用過去時(shí)態(tài)表示,所以首先排除選項(xiàng)A和B;根據(jù)anything可指本句應(yīng)該為否定語(yǔ)氣,所以選項(xiàng)D正確。
18.單選題
Recentresearchfromanimalbehavioristssuggeststhat“asthecrowflies”shouldnolongerbetakentomean“theshortestdistancebetweentwopoints.”ZoologistsatOxfordUniversity,(1)conductedaneighteen-month(2)ofhomingpigeons,haveconcludedthatundersomecircum-stances,pigeonsfollow(3)visuallandmarkstofindtheirwayhome(4)thantakingtheshor-test,mostdirectroute.(5)fortheirabilitytonavigatelongdistances,homingpigeonsusethe(6)ofthesunandstars,theirinbuiltcompasses,andperhapsalsotheirsenseofsmelltodirecttheirflightoverlong(7)oronajourneyforthefirsttime.(8),differentfactorsappeartoaffectapigeon’snavigation(9)itisreleasedclosetoits(10)Animalbehavioristsreachedthis(11)afterattachingsmallglobalpositioningdevicestothebacksofpigeonsandreleasingthemafewmilesfromtheirhome.Thesedevicesenabledthescientiststo(12)thepreciselocationofeachpigeonev-erysecondof(13)flight.Eachpigeonwastrackedforapproximatelytwentyflightsfromthe(14)point.Forthefirstseveralflights,eachbird’spath(15)significantlyfromthepathsithadtaken(16)Subsequently,(17),thebirdwouldtendtofollowthesamepath,(18)afterflight,eventhoughthatpathwasnotalwaysthemostdirectroutehome.Thescientistsconcludedthatpigeonsusea(19)offamiliarvisuallandmarkstofindtheirwaywhentheyareneartheirhomeratherthanrel-yingprimarilyoncompassnavigation.Majorhighwaysareone(20)landmark.Almostcomically,someofthepigeonsfollowedthepathofamajorhighwaytheycouldseebelowthem,turningwheretheroadturned,andevenfollowingthecircularpathoftheexitramps.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.which
B.then
C.who
D.had
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.check
B.flight
C.period
D.study
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.full
B.familiar
C.magnetic
D.no
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.longer
B.other
C.fewer
D.rather
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.Certain
B.Regardless
C.Known
D.Concerning
問題6選項(xiàng)
A.composition
B.influence
C.position
D.dimensions
問題7選項(xiàng)
A.distractions
B.distances
C.moments
D.delays
問題8選項(xiàng)
A.Simply
B.However
C.Otherwise
D.Consequently
問題9選項(xiàng)
A.when
B.until
C.still
D.since
問題10選項(xiàng)
A.flight
B.wings
C.home
D.young
問題11選項(xiàng)
A.decision
B.idea
C.conclusion
D.summary
問題12選項(xiàng)
A.approve
B.match
C.manipulate
D.record
問題13選項(xiàng)
A.its
B.group
C.per
D.one
問題14選項(xiàng)
A.same
B.actual
C.distant
D.home
問題15選項(xiàng)
A.reduced
B.varied
C.followed
D.improved
問題16選項(xiàng)
A.off
B.first
C.earlier
D.over
問題17選項(xiàng)
A.nevertheless
B.moreover
C.although
D.though
問題18選項(xiàng)
A.flight
B.right
C.then
D.soon
問題19選項(xiàng)
A.unit
B.sum
C.link
D.chain
問題20選項(xiàng)
A.example
B.such
C.similar
D.type
【答案】第1題:C
第2題:D
第3題:B
第4題:D
第5題:C
第6題:C
第7題:B
第8題:B
第9題:A
第10題:C
第11題:C
第12題:D
第13題:C
第14題:A
第15題:B
第16題:A
第17題:A
第18題:A
第19題:D
第20題:B
【解析】(1)此句考察定語(yǔ)從句,空格處應(yīng)填入關(guān)系代詞,而先行詞是zoologists,因此,正確答案為“who”,C選項(xiàng)正確。
(2)句意為:牛津大學(xué)的動(dòng)物學(xué)家在對(duì)信鴿進(jìn)行了18個(gè)月的后,得出了結(jié)論,選項(xiàng)D“Study”符合句意。
(3)此處需要結(jié)合文章倒數(shù)第五句“Thescientistsconcludedthatpigeonsuseafamiliarvisuallandmarks(科學(xué)家得出結(jié)論,鴿子使用一種熟悉的視覺標(biāo)志物)。因此此處選項(xiàng)B“familiar”正確。
(4)本句句意:鴿子會(huì)通過熟悉的地標(biāo)按原路返回家里,以最短的距離直線飛回家。這里D選項(xiàng)“ratherthan”是固定搭配,表示“而不是”。
(5)此處句意為:鴿子因其長(zhǎng)距離的導(dǎo)航能力而,選項(xiàng)D“known”與“for”搭配表示“因……聞名”,其他選項(xiàng)都不能與介詞for搭配使用,故選項(xiàng)D正確c
(6)空格處句意:信鴿利用太陽(yáng)和星星的、它們的內(nèi)置羅盤以及嗅覺來辨識(shí)方向。故C選項(xiàng)“position”符合句意。
(7)根據(jù)空后的“oronajourney”判斷,此處應(yīng)填入與“journey”并列平行的單詞。因此選項(xiàng)B“distance”正確。
(8)空格后分句句意:不同的因素會(huì)影響鴿子的航行,因此此處是一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,雖然C選項(xiàng)“otherwise”也有轉(zhuǎn)折的意思,但其后不跟逗號(hào),故選項(xiàng)B“however”正確。
(9)空格處句意:當(dāng)信鴿被放飛到離家近的地方時(shí),它的導(dǎo)航能力似乎會(huì)受到不同因素的影響。因此此處應(yīng)選擇A項(xiàng)“when”,表示“當(dāng)……時(shí)”。
(10)空格處句意為:當(dāng)信鴿被放飛到離近的地方時(shí),它的導(dǎo)航能力似乎會(huì)受到不同因素的影響。因此此處應(yīng)填C項(xiàng)home。
(11)此處句意為
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