考研考博-英語-山東管理學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-山東管理學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Businessandgovernmentmanagersoftenpromote“cleandesk”politiestoavoiddisorganizedofficesandmessydesks，______boostingworkefficiencyandproductivity.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.forthepurposeof

B.forgoodof

C.forpurposeof

D.forthefunof

【答案】A

【解析】考查介詞詞組辨析。forthepurposeof“為了……目的”；B和C選項(xiàng)形式不正確；forthefunof“為了享受”。句意：企業(yè)和政府管理者經(jīng)常推行“整潔的辦公室”政策，以避免混亂的辦公室和凌亂的桌子，……提高工作效率和生產(chǎn)力。因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

2.單選題

Ricci,45,isnowstrikingoutonperhapshisboldestventureyet.HeplanstomarketanEnglishlanguageeditionofhiselegantmonthlyartmagazine,FMR,intheUnitedStates.OnceagaintheskepticsaremurmuringthatthesuccessfulRiccihasheadedforabigfall.AndonceagainRicciintendstoprovethemwrong.

Ricciissoconfidentthathehaschristenedhisquest“OperationColumbus”andhassethissightsondiscoveringanAmericanreadershipof300,000.Thatgoalmaynotbetoofar-fetched.TheItalianeditionofFMR—theinitials,ofcourse,standforFrancoMariaRicci—isonly18monthsold.Butitisalreadythesecondlargestartmagazineintheworld,withacirculationof65,000andaprofitmarginofUS$500,000.TheAmericaneditionwillbepatternedaftertheItalianversion,witheach160issuecarryingonly40pagesofadsandnomorethanfivearticles.Butthecontentswilloftendiffer.TheEnglish-languageeditionwillincludemoreAmericanworks,Riccisays,tohelpAmericansgetover“aninferioritycomplexabouttheirart,”Healsohopesthatthemagazinewillbecomeavehicleforatwo-wayculturalexchange—whathelikestothinkofasamarriageofbrains,cultureandtastefrombothsidesoftheAtlantic.

Torealizethisvision,Ricciismountingoneofthemostlavish,enterprising—andexpensive-promotionalcampaignsinmagazine-publishinghistory.BetweenNovemberandJanuary,eightjumbojetswillfly8millioncopiesofasample16editionofFMRacrosstheAtlantic.FromawarehouseinMichigan,6.5millioncopieswillbemailedtoAmericansubscribersofvariouscultural,artandbusinessmagazines.SomeoftheremainingcopieswillcirculateasaspecialSundaysupplementintheNewYorkTimes.ThecostoflaunchingOperationColumbusisastaggeringUS$5million,butRicciishopingthat60%ofthepricetagwillbefinancedbyItaliancorporations.“TolandinAmericaColumbushadtouseSpanishsponsors,”readsonesentenceinhispromotionalpamphlet.“WewouldlikeItalians.”

LikeColumbus,Riccicannotknowwhathisreceptionwillbeonforeignshores.InItalyhegambled—andwon—onasimpleconcept:itismoreimportanttoshowartthantowriteaboutit.Hence,oneissueofFMRmightfeature32full-colorpagesof17th-centurytapestries,followedby14pagesofoutrageouseyeglasses.Heisgamblingthattheconceptisexportable.“Idon’texpectthatmorethan30%ofmyreader...willactuallyreadFMR,”hesays.“Themagazineissuchavisualdelightthattheydon’thaveto.”Still,heisliningupanimpressivestableofwritersandprofessorsfortheAmericanedition,includingNoamChomsky,AnthonyBurgess,EricJongandNormanMailer.Inaddition,heseemstobepursuinghisowneclecticvisionwithoutgivingamoment’sthoughttosuchestablishedcompetitorsasConnoisseurandHorizon.“TheAmericanscandoalmosteverythingbetterthanwecan，”saysRicci,“Butwe(theItalians)havea2,000yearedgeontheminart.”

1.RicciintendshisAmericaneditionofFMRtocarrymoreAmericanartworksinorderto（

）.

2.RicciiscomparedtoColumbusinthepassagemainlybecause

（

）.

3.WegettheimpressionthattheAmericaneditionofFMRwillprobably（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.boostAmericans’confidenceintheirart

B.followthepatternsetbyhisItalianedition

C.helpItaliansunderstandAmericanartbetter

D.expandthereadershipofhismagazine

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.theybothbenefitedfromItaliansponsors

B.theywereexplorersintheirownways

C.theyobtainedoverseassponsorship

D.theygotawarmreceptioninAmerica

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.carrymanyacademicarticlesofhighstandard

B.followthestyleofsomefamousexistingmagazines

C.bemadbyonethirdofAmericanmagazinereaders

D.pursueadistinctiveeditorialstyleofitsown

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。本題是問Ricci為什么計(jì)劃在美國版的FMR上登載更多的美國藝術(shù)品。根據(jù)本文的第二段倒數(shù)第二句“TheEnglish-languageeditionwillincludemoreAmericanworks,Riccisays,tohelpAmericansgetover‘a(chǎn)ninferioritycomplexabouttheirart’.里奇說，英文版將包括更多的美國作品，以幫助美國人克服“對(duì)自己藝術(shù)的自卑情結(jié)”?！纱丝芍禽d更多美國藝術(shù)品是為了幫助美國人樹立自信心，因?yàn)樗麄儗?duì)其沒有太長歷史的文化藝術(shù)而感到自卑。A選項(xiàng)正確。

2.推理判斷題。本題是問本篇文章將Ricci和哥倫布相比的主要原因是什么。分析文章第二段‘OperationColumbus”andhassethissightsondiscoveringanAmerican’以及常識(shí)可知，哥倫布是一位探險(xiǎn)家，他發(fā)現(xiàn)了美洲大陸，而Ricci是想要開拓美國的藝術(shù)雜志市場(chǎng)，是一位商業(yè)探索者，因此他們同是探索者。B選項(xiàng)正確。

3.推理判斷題。本題是問對(duì)美國雜志FMR的印象如何。由本文最后一段“Inaddition,heseemstobepursuinghisowneclecticvisionwithoutgivingamoment’sthoughttosuchestablishedcompetitorsasConnoisseurandHorizon.此外，他似乎在追求自己的折衷主義視野，而沒有考慮到像鑒賞家和地平線這樣的老牌競(jìng)爭對(duì)手?！笨芍撾s志的編輯方式不同于其他藝術(shù)雜志，所以D選項(xiàng)D“追求自己獨(dú)特的藝術(shù)風(fēng)格”正確。

3.單選題

Franklyspeaking,I'dratheryou（）anythingaboutitforthetimebeing.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.do

B.don'tdo

C.did

D.didn'tdo

【答案】D

【解析】wouldrather引導(dǎo)的從句用虛擬語氣,動(dòng)詞用過去時(shí)態(tài)表示,所以首先排除選項(xiàng)A和B；根據(jù)anything可指本句應(yīng)該為否定語氣,所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

4.單選題

Abeamoflightwillnotbendroundcomersunless（）todosowiththehelpofareflectingdevice.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.made

B.beingmade

C.havingmade

D.tobemade

【答案】A

【解析】語法題。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，可知unless引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，主語為abeamoflight和make之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，選項(xiàng)C可排除。又因?yàn)轭}目中描述的情況為客觀事實(shí)，所以選用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，選項(xiàng)B和D可排除。選用非謂語動(dòng)詞made表被動(dòng)即可。句意：一束光只有在反射儀器的幫助下才能彎成圓角。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.單選題

Becausefolkartisneithercompletelyrejectednoracceptedasanartformbyarthistorians,theirfinalevaluationsofitnecessarilyremain（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.arbitrary

B.estimable

C.unspoken

D.equivocal

【答案】D

【解析】考察形容詞詞義辨析。arbitrary“任意的，任性的”；estimable“值得尊敬的”；unspoken“未說出口的，不言而喻的”；equivocal“模棱兩可的，意義不確的”。句意：因?yàn)樗囆g(shù)家既不會(huì)完全否認(rèn)也不接受民間藝術(shù)是一種藝術(shù)形式，他們關(guān)于它（民間藝術(shù)）的評(píng)論是模棱兩可的。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

6.單選題

Sheansweredwithan（）“No”totherequestthatsheattendthepublichearing.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.eloquent

B.effective

C.emotional

D.emphatic

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)eloquent“意味深長的；雄辯的，有口才的；有說服力的”；B選項(xiàng)effective“有效的，起作用的；實(shí)際的，實(shí)在的”；C選項(xiàng)emotional“情緒的；易激動(dòng)的；感動(dòng)人的”；D選項(xiàng)emphatic“著重的；加強(qiáng)語氣的；顯著的”。由本句“Sheansweredwithan______‘No’”（她回答不）可知她對(duì)否定這件事情的態(tài)度的堅(jiān)決，所以emphatic的意義與其對(duì)應(yīng)。句意：對(duì)于要求她出席公開聽證會(huì)的要求，她斷然地說了“不”。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Itiswell-knownthattheretiredworkersinourcountryare______freemedicalcare.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.entitledto

B.involvedin

C.associatedwith

D.assignedto

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)entitledto“有權(quán)享有……；有……的資格”；B選項(xiàng)involvedin“涉及”；C選項(xiàng)associatedwith“與……有關(guān)”；D選項(xiàng)assignedto“被分配給……”。句意：眾所周知，我國的退休工人______免費(fèi)醫(yī)療。根據(jù)語境，這里指的是退休工人有免費(fèi)醫(yī)療的權(quán)利，A選項(xiàng)entitledto“有權(quán)享有……；有……的資格”符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Inasupermarket,allcommoditiesareopentocustomerswhocanselectwhattheyneed（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.withtheirease

B.attheirease

C.attheireasiness

D.withtheireasiness

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。atone'sease是固定短語,意為"沒有拘束的"。句意：在超市里,所有的商品都對(duì)顧客開放,顧客可以自由選擇他們需要的東西。

9.單選題

Themosturgentthingistofindadumpforthosetoxicindustrialwastes.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.imminent

B.recyclable

C.smelly

D.poisonous

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。toxic指有毒的，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

10.單選題

Janieshasjustarrived,butIdidn'tknowhe（）untilyesterday.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.wascoming

B.willcome

C.hadbeencoming

D.comes

【答案】A

【解析】句意:珍妮剛到，但我直到昨天才知道他要來。

語法題?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)。Be動(dòng)詞加come，go,leave等現(xiàn)在分詞表示將來，而此處的“他要來”是相對(duì)于yesterday，所以用過去將來時(shí)。

11.單選題

Itisadevastatingprospect.TerroristselectronicallybreakintothecomputersthatcontrolthewatersupplyofalargeAmericancity,openandclosevalvestocontaminatethewaterwithuntreatedsewageortoxicchemicals,andthenreleaseitinadevastatingflood.Astheemergencyservicesstruggletorespond,theterroristsstrikeagain,shuttingdownthetelephonenetworkandelectricalpowergridwithjustafewmouseclicks.Businessesareparalysed,hospitalsareoverwhelmedandroadsaregridlockedaspeopletrytoflee.

Thiskindofscenarioisinvokedbydoom-mongerswhoinsistthatsteppingupphysicalsecuritysincetheSeptember11thattacksisnotenough.Road-blocksandsoldiersaroundpowerstationscannotpreventdigitalterrorism."Untilwesecureourcyber-infrastructure,afewkeystrokesandanInternetconnectionisalloneneedstodisabletheeconomyandendangerlives,"LamarSmith,aTexascongressman,toldajudiciarycommitteeinFebruary.Heendedwithhiscatchphrase:’’Amousecanbejustasdangerousasabulletorabomb.”Isheright?

ItistruethatutilitycompaniesandotheroperatorsofcriticalinfrastructureareincreasinglyconnectedtotheInternet.Butjustbecauseanelectricitycompany'scustomerscanpaytheirbillsonline,itdoesnotnecessarilyfollowthatthecompany’scriticalcontrolsystemsarevulnerabletoattack.Controlsystemsareusuallykeptentirelyseparatefromothersystems,forgoodreason.Theytendtobeobscure,old-fashionedsystemsthatareincompatiblewithInternettechnologyanyhow.Evenauthorizedusersrequirespecialistknowledgetooperatethem.Andtelecomsfirms,hospitalsandbusinessesusuallyhavecontingencyplanstodealwithpowerfailuresorflooding.

AsimulationcarriedoutinAugustbytheUnitedStatesNavalWarCollegeinconjunctionwithGartner,aconsultancy,concludedthatan"electronicPearlHarbor"attackonAmerica’scriticalinfrastructurecouldindeedcauseseriousdisruption,butwouldfirstneedfiveyearsofpreparationand$200moffunding.Therearefarsimplerandlesscostlywaystoattackcriticalinfrastructure,fromhoaxphotocallstotruckbombsandhijackedairliners.

OnSeptember18thRichardClarke,America’scyber-securitytsar,unveiledhislong-awaitedblueprintforsecuringcriticalinfrastructurefromdigitalattacks.Itwasabitofadampsquib,makingnofirmrecommendationsandproposingnonewregulationorlegislation.Butitslily-liveredapproachmight,infact,betherightone.Whenariskhasbeenoverstated,inactionmaybethebestpolicy.

Itisdifficulttoavoidcomparisonswiththe"millenniumbug”andthepredictionsofwidespreadcomputerchaosarisingfromthechangeofdatetotheyear2000.Then,asnow,thealarmwassoundedbytechnologyvendorsandconsultants,whostoodtogainfromscare-mongering.ButRossAnderson,acomputerscientistatCambridgeUniversity,preferstodrawananalogywiththeenvironmentallobby.Likeeco-warriors,heobserves,thoseinthesecurityindustrybetheyvendorstryingtoboostsales,academicschasinggrants,orpoliticianslookingforbiggerbudgets—haveabuilt-inincentivetooverstatetherisks.

1.Welearnfromthefirstparagraphthat（

）.

2.Speakingofthedoom-mongers,theauthorimpliesthat（

）.

3.IntheviewofGartnerconsultant,（

）.

4.’’Lily-liveredapproach"(para.3)probablymeansanapproachcharacterizedby（

）.

5.Welearnfromthelastparagraphthat（

）

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.terroristscouldplungealargeAmericancityintochaosthroughelectronicattack

B.Americanpeoplehavenoexperienceindealingwithterrorism

C.thecomputersystemsofutilitycompaniesarerathervulnerable

D.theresponseofemergencyservicesisfarfromsatisfactory

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.theirworriesarequitereasonable

B.theirwarningsshouldbetakenseriously

C.theyexaggeratethethreatutilitycompaniesarefacing

D.theyarefamiliarwiththewayterroristsstrike

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.terroristsmaylaunchanother"PearlHarbor"attack

B.terroristshaveamplecapitalandtimetoprepareastunningstrike

C.itisverycostlyandtime-consumingtoattackcriticalinfrastructure

D.itisunlikelythatterroristswouldresorttoelectronicmeanstoattackcriticalinfrastructure

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.flexibility

B.boldness

C.cowardice

D.conservatism

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.thecomputerindustrysufferedheavylossduetothe“millenniumbug"

B.doom-mongerscaremoreabouttheirownintereststhannationalsecurity.

C.computerscientistshavebetterjudgmentthandoom-mongers

D.environmentalistsarecriticizedfortheireffortsofprotectingenvironment

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.根據(jù)文章第一句話‘Itisadevastatingprospect.’，可見所描述的場(chǎng)景只是想象中未來可能發(fā)生的情景。這一段描述了恐怖分子用電子手段發(fā)動(dòng)對(duì)美國大城市的襲擊后的混亂場(chǎng)景：企業(yè)癱瘓，醫(yī)院爆滿，道路堵塞等等?？梢?，如果這種襲擊發(fā)生的話，美國的一座大城市就會(huì)陷入混亂。所以A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.monger這個(gè)詞本身就是一個(gè)貶義詞，指一個(gè)持悲觀論調(diào)，散布末世論的人。再看文章第三段，作者針對(duì)這種人散布的恐怖威脅論進(jìn)行了分析，認(rèn)為所謂公用事業(yè)公司的關(guān)鍵控制系統(tǒng)易受攻擊的說法站不住腳。第四段作者引用一次模擬演習(xí)的結(jié)論說，電子恐怖襲擊可能造成巨大破壞，但襲擊的成本非常高，耗時(shí)也非常長，有遠(yuǎn)比這簡單有效的辦法。在文章末尾，作者引用計(jì)算機(jī)專家的話“those(people)overstatetherisk”?？梢?，作者雖然也承認(rèn)這種威脅有可能存在，但認(rèn)為這些doom-mongers夸大了威脅的程度。所以C選項(xiàng)‘theyexaggeratethethreatutilitycompaniesarefacing‘符合題意。

3.文章第四段分析了電子恐怖襲擊關(guān)鍵基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的說法站不住腳的另一個(gè)理由：通過模擬演習(xí)得出結(jié)論，這種襲擊耗資巨大，耗時(shí)太長，恐怖分子完全可以采取更加簡單有效成本低廉的襲擊手段。所以D選項(xiàng)’itisunlikelythatterroristswouldresorttoelectronicmeanstoattackcriticalinfrastructure恐怖分子不太可能借助電子手段襲擊關(guān)鍵基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的‘符合題意。

4.根據(jù)上下文，RichardClarke針對(duì)如何保護(hù)關(guān)鍵基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施免遭數(shù)字化襲擊提出了人們期待己久的計(jì)劃，但這個(gè)計(jì)劃就好像一個(gè)受潮的爆竹，既沒有給出堅(jiān)決的建議，也沒有提出新的規(guī)章或者法規(guī)。然后對(duì)作者對(duì)這種做法用“l(fā)ily-livered”一詞加以總結(jié)，推測(cè)“膽小”比較符合題意。

5.本文最后一段將現(xiàn)在的恐怖威脅論和“千年蟲”恐慌加以對(duì)比，認(rèn)為這種人為制造恐慌的做法只是為了讓那些散布恐慌的人“stoodtogain”。接著，作者引用一位專家的話，認(rèn)為這些人，“不論是想要促銷產(chǎn)品的商人，還是渴望得到補(bǔ)助金的學(xué)者，抑或是期望更多預(yù)算的政客，都有一種內(nèi)在的動(dòng)機(jī)促使他們夸大險(xiǎn)。”由此可見，B選項(xiàng)’doom-mongerscaremoreabouttheirownintereststhannationalsecurity.散布恐怖威脅論的人與其說是關(guān)心國家安全，不如說是關(guān)心自己的利益?！项}意

12.單選題

DOTCOMSmaybemoribund,butinsidecompanies,theInternetisstillfindingcost-savingnewuses.“B2E—business-to-employee—didn’thaveacrash,”saysBipinPatel,inchargeofdevelopingthepotentialofthecorporateintranetattheFordMotorCompany,“It’sstillgrowing.”

Fordhasgonefurtherthanmostcompaniestogetitsemployeesonline:itoffereditsAmericanemployeespersonalcomputers,and90%ofthemaccepted.FordhopesthatthefreePCswillsaveitsownanditsemployees’timebymovingservicesonline.GeneralMotors,Ford’sgreatrival,consideredasimilarschemebutfoundthatmostemployeeswillingtousePCsalreadyhadthem.Itishelpingstafftopayforhigh-bandwidthconnectionsinstead.

AtFord,thehuman-resourcesdepartmenthaspioneeredaschemetoprovideup-to-the-minuteinformationtoemployeesaboutpayandbenefits.Inthepast,employeessometimesfoundthatittookweekstogetacopyofthepayinformationtheyneededtodotheirtaxreturns,andthedepartment’sstaffspentmind-numbinghoursansweringthesamequestionsfromhundredsofdifferentemployees.Nowemployeescanlookatapassword-protectedsitethatdisplaystheirpayslipsovertheprevious18months.Theycanseealldeductions,andthehourstheyworked.Allthisinformationwasonthehuman-resourcesdatabase:displayingittoemployeeshassavedstafftime.

“Peoplewantmoreandmoreofthisself-serviceinformation,whichtheycanmanagethemselves,”observesMr.Patel.“Thereisnosuchthingasinformationoverloadherebecauseit’stheirinformation.”Eventrainingseemstoworkbetteronline:Fordemployeescannowdownloadarangeofcourses,includingoneon“ListeningandHandlingToughSituations”,alldesignedfordigestionin10-or15-minutegobbets.Thecompanyclaimstohavecuttrainingcostsby$2millionduringthepastsixmonths,asfewerpeopleleavetheirdeskstolearn.

Thecompanyalsousesitsintranettocommunicatewithitsstaffaroundtheworld.JacquesNasser,Ford’sboss,sendsout“Let’schat”notesonceaweek.Infact,Mr.Nasserdoesmostofthechatting.HegetshundredsofE-mailsinreply,butthecommunicationisbasicallyaone-wayflow.Thecompanyalsorunschatrooms,inwhichemployeescanquestionvariousin-houseexpertsandoutsideanalystsliveonthecorporateintranet.

Intime,thinksMr.Patel,communicationstechnologywillreshapecorporatebehavior.Itwillencouragecollaborationandteam-working.Already,theInternetiscausingdisintermediationwithincompanies,heargues,justasitdidine-commerce:thehuman-resourcesdepartmentdoesmuchlessadministrationoncethebenefitssystemismoreself-service,butrathermoreadvisingandconsulting.Oneday,workinginhumanresourcesmightevenbefun.

61.Howdoestheauthorintroducehistopic?

62.WhydidFordandGMintendtoprovidetheiremployeeswithPCs?

63.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheadvantageofInternet?

64.Theexpression“aone-wayflow”mostprobablymeans____.

65.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Explainingaphenomenon.

B.Posingacontrast.

C.Justifyinganassumption.

D.Makingacomparison.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.ProvidngPCsisawayofcompetition.

B.B2Eisagrowingthing.

C.PCscanhelpthemsavealot.

D.TheemployeesprefertousePCs.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Itcansavecost.

B.Itcansavetime.

C.Itmakeshuman-resourcesdepartmentaneasyjob.

D.Itencouragescollaborationandteam-working.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.notencouragingopenanswers

B.onlyonesideaskingquestions

C.onlyyesornoquestions

D.thetopicslackvariety

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Theemployeescanmanagealltheinformationbythemselves.

B.TheInternetcanhelpDOTCOMScomebacktolife.

C.TheInternetmakestheworkofhuman-resourcesdepartmentmoredirectandinteresting.

D.Thecoursesdownloadedarepractical,buttime-consuming.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】61.判斷推理題。題干“作者是如何引入主題的？”本文第1句DOTCOMSmaybemoribund,butinsidecompanies,theInternetisstillfindingcost-savingnewuses（網(wǎng)絡(luò)公司可能奄奄一息，但在公司內(nèi)部，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)仍在尋找節(jié)省成本的新途徑），擺出觀點(diǎn)；接著舉例論證該觀點(diǎn)，舉FordMotorCompany（福特汽車公司）的例子，介紹該公司是怎么節(jié)省成本；最后一段，通過福特公司的例子進(jìn)一步展望通信技術(shù)將重塑企業(yè)行為。C選項(xiàng)“論證一個(gè)假設(shè)”比較符合原文。A選項(xiàng)“解釋一種現(xiàn)象”、B選項(xiàng)“設(shè)置一個(gè)對(duì)照”、D選項(xiàng)“進(jìn)行對(duì)比”，均未體現(xiàn)。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為C。

62.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干“為什么福特和通用打算給他們的員工提供個(gè)人電腦”，可定位到第1段第4句FordhopesthatthefreePCswillsaveitsownanditsemployees’timebymovingservicesonline.（福特公司希望免費(fèi)的個(gè)人電腦通過將服務(wù)轉(zhuǎn)移到網(wǎng)上節(jié)省公司和員工的時(shí)間。）由此可知，公司這么做的原因是為了節(jié)省時(shí)間。C選項(xiàng)“個(gè)人電腦可以幫他們節(jié)省很多”表述符合原文。A選項(xiàng)“提供個(gè)人電腦是一種競(jìng)爭方式”、B選項(xiàng)“B2E正在發(fā)展中”、D選項(xiàng)“員工更喜歡使用個(gè)人電腦”，原文均不符合題意，排除。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為C。

63.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干“以下哪項(xiàng)不是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的優(yōu)勢(shì)？”A選項(xiàng)“它可以節(jié)省成本”，可定位到第3段最后一句Thecompanyclaimstohavecuttrainingcostsby$2millionduringthepastsixmonths,asfewerpeopleleavetheirdeskstolearn.（該公司聲稱，在過去6個(gè)月里，由于離開辦公桌去學(xué)習(xí)的人越來越少，培訓(xùn)成本降低了200萬美元。）由此可知，公司利用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)提供線上培訓(xùn)課程，大大節(jié)省了培訓(xùn)成本，選項(xiàng)表述正確，排除；B選項(xiàng)“這樣可以節(jié)省時(shí)間”，可定位到第2段最后一句Allthisinformationwasonthehuman-resourcesdatabase:displayingittoemployeeshassavedstafftime.（所有這些信息都在人力資源數(shù)據(jù)庫中：向員工展示這些信息可以節(jié)省員工的時(shí)間。）由此可知，公司利用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)建立人力資源信息庫，大大節(jié)省了員工的時(shí)間，選項(xiàng)表述正確，排除；C選項(xiàng)“這讓人力資源部門的工作變得簡單”，可定位到最后一段最后一句thehuman-resourcesdepartmentdoesmuchlessadministrationoncethebenefitssystemismoreself-service,butrathermoreadvisingandconsulting.Oneday,workinginhumanresourcesmightevenbefun.（一旦福利系統(tǒng)變得更加自助式，人力資源部門的行政管理工作就會(huì)大大減少，而會(huì)更多地提供建議和咨詢。有一天，在人力資源部門工作甚至可能會(huì)很有趣。）由此可知，雖然互聯(lián)網(wǎng)減少了人力資源部門的行政管理工作，但是增加了建議和咨詢工作，可能會(huì)讓工作更有趣，但并沒有讓工作變得更簡單。選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“它鼓勵(lì)合作和團(tuán)隊(duì)合作”，可定位到倒數(shù)第2段第1句Thecompanyalsousesitsintranettocommunicatewithitsstaffaroundtheworld.（該公司還利用內(nèi)部網(wǎng)與世界各地的員工進(jìn)行溝通。）由此可知，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)促進(jìn)了公司員工之間的溝通。最后一段第2句Itwillencouragecollaborationandteam-working.（它將鼓勵(lì)合作和團(tuán)隊(duì)合作。）由此可知，選項(xiàng)表述正確，排除。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為C。

64.語義推測(cè)題。題干“aone-wayflow這個(gè)短語最有可能的意思是____”可定位到倒數(shù)第2段第4句HegetshundredsofE-mailsinreply,butthecommunicationisbasicallyaone-wayflow.（他收到了數(shù)百封電子郵件的回復(fù)，但交流基本上是____。）由此可知，one-wayflow的意思是溝通是單向的，即老板提出問題，員工只做回答，不會(huì)向老板提問，B選項(xiàng)“只有一方提出問題”最符合語境；A選項(xiàng)“不鼓勵(lì)公開回答”、C選項(xiàng)“只有是或否的問題”、D選項(xiàng)“主題缺乏多樣性”不符合語境。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為B。

65.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干“根據(jù)文章，下列哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)是正確的?”A選項(xiàng)“員工可以自己管理所有的信息”，可定位到第2段第1句AtFord,thehuman-resourcesdepartmenthaspioneeredaschemetoprovideup-to-the-minuteinformationtoemployeesaboutpayandbenefits.（在福特公司，人力資源部門首創(chuàng)了一項(xiàng)計(jì)劃，向員工提供有關(guān)工資和福利的最新信息。）由此可知，并不是所有的信息，而是有關(guān)工資和福利的信息，另外，也不是由員工自己管理，而是向員工開放這些信息，選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤，排除；B選項(xiàng)“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)可以幫助網(wǎng)絡(luò)公司起死回生”，可定位到第1段第1句DOTCOMSmaybemoribund,butinsidecompanies,theInternetisstillfindingcost-savingnewuses.（網(wǎng)絡(luò)公司可能奄奄一息，但在公司內(nèi)部，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)仍在尋找節(jié)省成本的新用途。）由此可知，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)只是在奄奄一息的網(wǎng)絡(luò)公司內(nèi)部，有助于節(jié)省成本，原文并無關(guān)于起死回生的表述，選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤，排除；C選項(xiàng)“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)使人力資源部門的工作更加直接和有趣”，可定位到第2段第1句AtFord,thehuman-resourcesdepartmenthaspioneeredaschemetoprovideup-to-the-minuteinformationtoemployeesaboutpayandbenefits.（在福特公司，人力資源部門首創(chuàng)了一項(xiàng)計(jì)劃，向員工提供有關(guān)工資和福利的最新信息。）由此可知，人力資源部門向員工直接提供工資和福利相關(guān)信息，即互聯(lián)網(wǎng)讓人力資源部門的工作更加直接。最后一段最后一句Oneday,workinginhumanresourcesmightevenbefun.（有一天，在人力資源部門工作甚至可能會(huì)很有趣。）綜上，選項(xiàng)表述與原文相符；D選項(xiàng)“下載的課程很實(shí)用，但很耗時(shí)”，可定位到第3段倒數(shù)第2句Fordemployeescannowdownloadarangeofcourses…alldesignedfordigestionin10-or15-minutegobbets.（福特員工現(xiàn)在可以下載一系列課程……所有課程都是為10到15分鐘的時(shí)間消化而設(shè)計(jì)的。）由此可知，下載的課程時(shí)長很短，并不耗時(shí)，選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤，排除。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為C。

13.單選題

Havinghadherasaprofessorandadviser,Icantellyouthatsheisan（

）forcewhopushesherstudentstoexcelfarbeyondtheirownexpectations.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inspirational

B.educational

C.excessive

D.instantaneous

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。inspirational意為“啟發(fā)靈感的，鼓舞人心的”；educational意為“教育的”；excessive意為“過度的，極度的”；instantaneous意為“瞬間的”。

句意：有了她作為教授和顧問，我可以告訴你，她是一股鼓舞人心的力量，她能鼓勵(lì)她的學(xué)生們發(fā)揮出超出他們自己的期望。

14.單選題

Whenadiseaseofepidemicproportionsripsintothepopulace,scientistsimmediatelygettowork,tryingtolocatethesourceoftheafflictionandfindwaystocombatit.Oftentimes,successisachieved,asmedicalscienceisabletoisolatetheparasite,germorcellthatcausestheprob-lemandfindswaystoeffectivelykillorcontainit.Inthemostseriousofcases,inwhichtheen-tirepopulationofaregionorcountrymaybeatgraverisk,itisdeemednecessarytoprotecttheentirepopulationthroughvaccination,soastosafeguardlivesandensurethatthediseasewillnotspread.

Theprocessofvaccinationallowsthepatient’sbodytodevelopimmunitytothevirusordiseasesothat,ifitisencountered,onecanwarditoffnaturally.Toaccomplishthis,asmallweakordeadstrainofthediseaseisactuallyinjectedintothepatientinacontrolledenvironment,sothathisbody’simmunesystemcanlearntofighttheinvaderproperly.Informationonhowtopenetratethedisease’sdefensesistransmittedtoallelementsofthepatient’simmunesysteminaprocessthatoccursnatural-ly,inwhichgeneticinformationispassedfromcelltocell.Thismakessurethat,shouldthepatientlatercomeintocontactwiththerealproblem,hisbodyiswellequippedandtrainedtodealwithit,havingalreadydonesobefore.

Therearedangersinherentintheprocess,however.Onoccasion,eventheweakenedversionofthediseasecontainedinthevaccineprovestoomuchforthebodytohandle,resultingintheimmunesystemsuccumbing,and,therefore,thepatient’sdeath.Suchisthecaseofthesmallpoxvaccine,designedtoeradicatethesmallpoxepidemicthatnearlywipedouttheentireNativeAmericanpopula-tionandkilledmassivenumbersofsettlers.Approximately1in10,000peoplewhoreceivesthevac-cinecontractthesmallpoxdiseasefromthevaccineitselfanddiesfromit.Thus,iftheentirepopula-tionoftheUnitedStatesweretoreceivetheSmallpoxVaccinetoday,30000Americanswouldbeleftdead.

Fortunately,thesmallpoxviruswasconsiderederadicatedintheearly1970s,endingthemanda-toryvaccinationofallbabiesinAmerica.Intheeventofareintroductionofthedisease,however,mandatoryvaccinationsmayresume,resultinginmoreunexpecteddeathsfromvaccination.Theprocess,whichistrulyamixedblessing,mayindeedhidesomehiddencurses.

1.Thebesttitleforthetextmaybe（）

2.WhatdoestheexampleoftheSmallpoxVaccineillustrate?

3.Thephrase“warditoffnaturally”(Paragraph2)mostprobablymeans（）

4.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext?

5.Thepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthispassageis（）

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.“Vaccinations:ABlessingorACurse”

B.“PrinciplesofVaccinations”

C.“Vaccines:MethodsandImplications”

D.“AMiracleCureunderAttack”

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thepossiblenegativeoutcomeofadministeringvaccines.

B.Thepracticaluseofavaccinetocontrolanepidemicdisease.

C.Theeffectivenessofvaccinesineradicatingcertaindisease.

D.Themethodbywhichvaccinesareemployedagainstthedisease.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.disposeofitnaturally

B.fightitoffwithease

C.seetoitreluctantly

D.splitupproperly

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Savingthemajoritywouldnecessarilyjustifythedeathoftheminority.

B.Theimmunesystemcanbetrainedtofightweakerversionsofadisease.

C.Mandatoryvaccinationsareindispensabletothesurvivalofthepopulace.

D.Theprocessofvaccinationremainsamysterytobefurtherresolved.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.tocommentandcriticize

B.todemonstrateandargue

C.tointerestandentertain

D.toexplainandinform

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨題。C選項(xiàng)“接種：方法和含義”概括全文大意。其他選項(xiàng)不夠全面。

2.細(xì)節(jié)題。文章中天花的舉例是在第三段中出現(xiàn)的，第三、四段主要闡述使用疫苗可能帶來的負(fù)面效果，而A選項(xiàng)“管理疫苗可能帶來的負(fù)面后果”與文章相符。

3.細(xì)節(jié)題。第二段講述的是如果接種疫苗，身體可以自然對(duì)抗這種疾病，選項(xiàng)B（很輕松地與之對(duì)抗）正確。

4.推理題。選項(xiàng)B（免疫系統(tǒng)能夠被訓(xùn)練來抵抗較弱的疾病變體）符合原文中心思想。

5.主旨題。本文是科普性文章。所以D項(xiàng)（為了解釋和告知信息）正確。

15.單選題

Comewhat（）,we'renotgoingtomakeanyconcessiontohisunreasonabledemands.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.must

B.should

C.may

D.can

【答案】C

【解析】句意:不管怎樣，我們不會(huì)對(duì)他的無理要求作出任何讓步

考查固定搭配。Comewhatmay不管三七二十一，不管怎樣。

16.單選題

Mostpeopleleftandthe（）satdowntowait.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.remnants

B.remedy

C.remains

D.remainder

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)remnants“殘余；殘留物”；B選項(xiàng)remedy“補(bǔ)救；解決辦法”；C選項(xiàng)remains“殘余物；剩飯菜”；D選項(xiàng)remainder“殘余；剩余物”。句意：大部分人都離開了，……坐著等。remnants一般是指殘余部分、殘跡。remains一般是指古跡，遺跡；遺骸等。句中的主語是人，大部分都走了，還有一部分剩下的人坐著等。remainder做名詞時(shí)側(cè)重于人和錢的剩余。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

17.單選題

We’veallheardaboutendangeredanimals.Creatureslikethecriticallyendangeredblackrhinocerosarefamous.Butwhatarethemostendangeredplants?Theymightnotbeasexcitingorloveableasanimals,buttheyarejustasimportanttotheecosystem一andhumanityreliesonthatecosystem.

Herearethreeofthemostthreatenedplantstoday.（1）Theseplantsoccupysomeofthemostinaccessible,remotepartsofourplanet.Theyarethreatenedbyhabitatdestruction,illegalcollection,poaching,andcompetitionwithinvadingspecies.

Attenborough’spitcherplantisknownonlyfromtherelativelyinaccessiblesummitofMountVictoriainPalawaninthePhilippines.Therearethoughttobeonlyafewhundredofthem.

（2）

Attenborough’spitcherplantisoneofthebiggest,withpitchersupto30cminheightthatcantrapinsectsandrats.Itwasonlydiscoveredin2007whenateamofbotanists,tippedoffbytwoChristianmissionaries,scaledMountVictoria.

（3）

Thesuicidepalmisagiganticpalmfoundonlyinremotepartsofnorth-westMadagascar.Itlivesforabout50years,thenflowersonlyonce,anddiessoonafter.Suicidepalmswerediscoveredin2005byacashewplantationmanagerduringafamilyouting,andformallydescribedin2008.Withtrunksreaching18minheight,andhugefan-leavesupto5macross,thepalmscanbeseenonGoogleEarth.

（4）

Thecoraltree,withitsbrightredflowersandspinytrunk,occursonlyintheremoteforestsofsouth-eastTanzania.

（5）

However,theforestpatchwas