考研考博-英語-山東警察學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-山東警察學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Itisnotuncommonforthere（

）problemsofcommunicationbetweentheoldandtheyoung.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.being

B.wouldbe

C.be

D.tobe

【答案】D

【解析】句意:老人與年輕人之間存在著溝通問題是很常見的。

固定搭配。itis+形容詞+fortheretobe...。

2.翻譯題

WhenvisitingtheU.K.andlookingtoseewhatphonesthelocalsuse,oddsarethateveryotheronehasGoogleorAndroiddeviceinhand.ResearchfromKantarWorldpanelComTechbywayoftheMobileBusinessBriefingindicatesthatAndroidphonescommanda49.9percentmarketshareintheU.K.,upfrom29percentayearago.MuchoftheAndroidsharecomesattheexpenseofacompetitoryoumightexpecttobehurtingtoobadly:Apple’siPhone.

ThereareafewreasonsIcanthinkofthatexplainthenumbers,andIexpectabitofareversalinthenextsixmonthsorso.First,eventhoughtheiPhone4wasapopularmodelformorethanayear,otherAndroidphonesarrivedtothemarketbeforethetraditionalyearlyiPhonerefresh.IsuspectsomeintheU.K.decidednottowaitfortheiPhone4SandinsteadpurchasedanewSamsungorHTCdevice.Indeed,thesetwohandsetmakersaccountedfor83percentofallAndroidsalesintheU.K.inthethree-monthperiodendingOct.2.

【答案】答：

如果你在英國，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)街上每兩個人中就有一個使用的是安裝谷歌或安卓系統(tǒng)的智能手機(jī)。市場研究公司KantarWorldpanelComTech通過移動商業(yè)簡報(bào)完成的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，安卓手機(jī)在英國市場的市占率達(dá)49.9%，環(huán)比上升了29%。而安卓手機(jī)的市場份額大多數(shù)來自于蘋果公司的iPhone。

為什么市場份額會有這么大的變動？我想原因有很多，而且我預(yù)計(jì)在未來六個月內(nèi)將有一定的反彈。首先，雖然iPhone4已經(jīng)流行了一年多，但更多的安卓手機(jī)趁蘋果公司新款發(fā)布會之前進(jìn)入了市場。我猜測一些人決定不再等待iPhone4S，轉(zhuǎn)而購買了三星或者HTC的新款手機(jī)。截至十月二日，在過去的三個月期間，這兩大手機(jī)生產(chǎn)商占據(jù)了英國安卓手機(jī)83%的份額。

3.單選題

TherewilleventuallycomeadaywhenTheNewYorkTimesceasestopublishstoriesonnewsprint.Exactlywhenthatdaywillbeisamatterofdebate.“Sometimeinthefuture”,thepaper’spublishersaidbackin2010.

Nostalgiaforinkonpaperandtherustleofpagesaside,there’splentyofincentivetoditchprint.Theinfrastructurerequiredtomakeaphysicalnewspaper―printingpresses,deliverytrucks—isn’tjustexpensive;it’sexcessiveatatimewhenonline-onlycompetitorsdon’thavethesamesetoffinancialconstraints.Readersaremigratingawayfromprintanyway.Andthoughprintadsalesstilldwarftheironlineandmobilecounterparts,revenuefromprintisstilldeclining.

Overheadmaybehighandcirculationlower,butrushingtoeliminateisprinteditionwouldbeamistake,saysBuzzFeedCEOJonahPeretti.

PerettisaystheTimesshouldn’twastetimegettingoutoftheprintbusiness,butonlyiftheygoaboutdoingittherightway.“Figuringoutawaytoacceleratethattransitionwouldmakesenseforthem.”hesaid,“butifyoudiscontinueit,you’regoingtohaveyourmostloyalcustomersreallyupsetwithyou.”

Sometimesthat’sworthmakingachangeanyway.PerettigivestheexampleofNetflixdiscontinuingitsDVDmailingservicetofocusonstreaming.“Itwasseenasblunder,”hesaid.Themoveturnedouttobeforesighted.AndifPerettiwereinchargeattheTimes?“Iwouldn’tpickayeartoendprint,”hesaid,“Iwouldraisepricesandmakeitintomoreofalegacyproduct.”

Themostloyalcustomerswouldstillgettheproducttheyfavor,theideagoes,andthey’dliketheywerehelpingsustainthequalityofsomethingtheybelievein,“Soifyou’reoverpayingforprint,youcouldfeellikeyouwerehelping.”Perettisaid.“Thenincreaseitatahigherrateeachyearandessentiallytrytogenerateadditionalrevenue.”Inotherwords,ifyou’regoingtomakeaprintproduct,makeitforthepeoplewhoarealreadyobsessedwithit,whichmaybewhattheTimesisdoingalready.Gettingtheprinteditionsevendaysaweekcostsnearly$500ayear—morethantwiceasmuchasadigital—onlysubscription.

“It’sareallyhardthingtodoandit’satremendousluxurythatBuzzFeeddoesn’thavealegacybusiness.”Perettiremarked.“Butwe’regoingtohavequestionslikethatwherewehavethingswe’redoingthatdon’tmakesensewhenthemarketchangesandtheworldchanges.Inthosesituation,it’sbettertobemoreaggressivethatlessaggressive.”

1.TheNewYorkTimesisconsideringendingitsprinteditionpartlydueto（

）.

2.Perttisuggeststhatinfaceofthepresentsituation,TheTimesshould（

）.

3.Itcanbeinferredfromparagraphs5and6thata“l(fā)egacyproduct”（

）.

4.Perettibelievesthatinachangingworld（

）.

5.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleofthetext?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theincreasingonlineandsales

B.thepressurefromitsinvestors

C.thecomplaintsfromitsreaders

D.thehighcostofoperation

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.makestrategicadjustments

B.endtheprinteditionforgood.

C.seeknewsourcesofleadership.

D.aimforefficientmanagement

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.helpsrestorethegloryofformertimes

B.ismeantforthemostloyalcustomers

C.willhavethecostofprintingreduced

D.expandsthepopularityofthepaper.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.traditionalluxuriescanstayunaffected

B.cautiousnessfacilitatesproblem-solving

C.aggressivenessbettermeetschallenges

D.legacybusinessesarebecomingoutdated

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.ShifttoOnlineNewspapersAllatOnce.

B.CherishthenewspapersStillinYourHand

C.KeepYourNewspapersForeverinFashion

D.MakeYourPrintNewspapersaLuxuryGood

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.文章第二段Theinfrastructurerequiredtomakeaphysicalnewspaper―printingpresses,deliverytrucks—isn’tjustexpensive;it’sexcessiveatatimewhenonline-onlycompetitorsdon’thavethesamesetoffinancialconstraints提到現(xiàn)在發(fā)行一份紙質(zhì)報(bào)紙所需要的印刷機(jī)、配送卡是奢侈。在當(dāng)下，只發(fā)行電子版報(bào)紙的同類報(bào)紙不受這種經(jīng)濟(jì)因素的制約。選項(xiàng)D“昂貴的運(yùn)營費(fèi)用”符合題意。

2.文章第四段第一句PerettisaystheTimesshouldn’twastetimegettingoutoftheprintbusiness,butonlyiftheygoaboutdoingittherightway提到Peretti認(rèn)為泰晤士報(bào)不應(yīng)該花時間去思考停止印刷紙質(zhì)版，而是應(yīng)該尋找正確的方法去解決問題。選項(xiàng)A“進(jìn)行戰(zhàn)略調(diào)整”符合題意。

3.文章第六段第一句themostloyalcustomerswouldstillgettheproducttheyfavor提到最忠誠的顧客們依舊會選擇他們一直喜歡的產(chǎn)品；makeitforthepeoplewhoarealreadyobsessedwithit專門為最忠誠客戶為生，由此推斷選項(xiàng)B“專門為最忠誠客戶為生”符合題意。

4.文章最后一段最后一句inthosesituation,it’sbettertobemoreaggressivethatlessaggressive提到碰到那種情況，迎難而上要比無所作為好。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.文章主要講述了報(bào)紙行業(yè)為防止被淘汰而采取對策。文章第五、六段提到不應(yīng)該立即取消或者淘汰報(bào)紙行業(yè)，而應(yīng)該把它變成一種更像文化遺產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品，不斷提高報(bào)紙的價格，變成一種奢侈品（Iwouldraisepricesandmakeitintomoreofalegacyproduct）。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.單選題

Ifapersonisinastatebetweensleepingandbeingawake,oftenasaresultofheatordrinkingalcohol,hefeels_______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.tiresome

B.fatigued

C.drowsy

D.restless

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.tiresome討厭的，令人厭煩的B.fatigued身心交瘁，精疲力竭

C.drowsy困倦的，昏昏欲睡的D.restless坐立不安的，不耐煩的

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞betweensleepingandbeingawake，可知這里指一個人半夢半醒時的感覺，drowsy符合語境，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D選項(xiàng)不符合語境。

【句意】如果一個人處于半夢半醒的狀態(tài)，通常是由于發(fā)熱或飲酒，他會感到昏昏欲睡。

5.翻譯題

Ofcourse,thereisfarmoreoilundergroundthancanberecovered.Itmaybeinapooltoosmallortoofarfromapotentialmarkettojustifytheexpenseofdrilling.Someoilliesunderregionswheredrillingisforbidden,suchasnationalparksorotherpubliclands.Evengiventhebestextractiontechniques,onlyabout30to40percentoftheoilinagivenpoolcanbebroughttothesurface.Therestisfartoodifficulttoextractandhastoremainunderground.

Moreover,gettingpetroleumoutofthegroundandfromundertheseaandtotheconsumercancreateenvironmentalproblemsanywherealongtheline.Pipelinescarryingoilcanbebrokenbyfaultsorlandslides,causingseriousoilspills.Spillagefromhugeoil-carryingcargoships,calledtankers,involvedincollisionsoraccidentalgroundings(suchastheoneoffAlaskain1989)cancreateoilslicksatsea.Offshoreplatformsmayalsoloseoil,creatingoilslicksthatdriftashoreandfoulthebeaches,harmingtheenvironment.Sometimes,thegroundatanoilfieldmaysubsideasoilisremoved.TheWilmingtonfieldnearLongBeach,California,hassubsidedninemetersin50years;protectivebarriershavehadtobebuilttopreventseawaterfromfloodingthearea.Finally,therefiningandburningofpetroleumanditsproductscancauseairpollution.Advancingtechnologyandstrictlaws,however,arehelpingcontrolsomeoftheseadverseenvironmentaleffects.

【答案】參考譯文：

當(dāng)然，地下還能發(fā)現(xiàn)更多的石油，油藏可能太小或遠(yuǎn)離潛在的市場因而鉆井費(fèi)用過高。一些石油存在于禁止鉆井的地區(qū)，如國家公園或其他公共土地。即使提供最好的提取技術(shù)，油藏中也只有大約30%到40%的石油可以抽至地面。其余的因?yàn)樘y抽取而不得不留在地下。

此外，從地下和海底開采石油并運(yùn)送到消費(fèi)者的途中的任何地方都會產(chǎn)生環(huán)境問題。石油運(yùn)輸管道可能因?yàn)楣收匣蛩綋p壞，造成嚴(yán)重的石油泄露。運(yùn)載石油的油輪在發(fā)生碰撞或意外擱淺（如在1989年阿拉斯加發(fā)生的油輪擱淺）的情況下，石油泄露會導(dǎo)致海上產(chǎn)生浮油。海上鉆井平臺也可能會泄漏石油，導(dǎo)致油污漂流到岸上造成海灘污染，危害環(huán)境。有時一個油田的石油被抽取后，地面會發(fā)生下沉。加利福尼亞州長灘附近的威爾明頓油田在50年內(nèi)下沉了9米；人們不得不建造保護(hù)屏障以防止海水灌進(jìn)這個地區(qū)。最后，石油的煉制、燃燒以及其產(chǎn)品也會造成空氣污染。不過，先進(jìn)的技術(shù)和嚴(yán)格的法律正在協(xié)助控制這些對環(huán)境的不利影響。

6.單選題

Thebiographerhastodancebetweentwoshakypositionswithrespecttothesubject.Tooclosearelation,andthewritermayloseobjectivity.Notcloseenough,andthewritermaylackthesympathynecessarytoanyefforttoportrayamind,asoulthequalityoflife.Whoshouldwritethebiographyofafamily,forexample?Becauseoftheirclosenesstothesubject,familymembersmayhavespecialinformation,butbythesametoken,theymaynothavethedistancethatwouldallowthemtobefair.Similarly,aking’sservantmightnotbethebestonetowriteabiographyofthatking.Butaforeignermightnothavetheknowledgeandsympathynecessarytowritetheking’sbiography—notforareadershipfromwithinthekingdom,atanyrate.

Thereisnoidealpositionforsuchatask.Thebiographerhastoworkwiththepositionheorshehasintheworld,adjustingthatpositionasnecessarytodealwiththesubject.Everypositionhasstrengthsandweakness:tothrive,awritermusttrytobecomeawareofthese,evaluatethemintermsofthesubject,andselectapositionaccordingly.

Whentheirsubjectsareheroesorfamousfigures,biographiesoftenrevealademocraticmotive:theyattempttoshowthattheirsubjectsareonlyhuman,nobetterthananyoneelse.Otherbiographiesaremeanttochangeus,toinviteustobecomebetterthanweare.ThebiographiesofJesusfoundintheBibleareinthisclass.

Biographersmayclaimthattheiraccountistheauthentic”one.Inadvancingthisclaim,theyarehelpedifthebiographyis“authorized”bythesubject:thispresumablyallowsthebiographerspecialaccesstoprivateinformation.“Unauthorized”biographiesalsohavetheirappeal,however,sincetheycansuggestanindependenceofmindinthebiographer.Inbookpromotions,theunauthorized’characterizationusuallysuggeststheprospectofjuicygossipthatthesubjecthadhopedtosuppress.Asubjectmighthaveseveralbiographies,evenseveralauthentic”ones.Wesenseintuitivelythatnooneisinapositiontotellthe”storyoflife,perhapsnoteventhesubject,andthishasbeenprovedbythehistoryofbiography.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,anidealbiographerwouldbeonewho（

）.

2.TheauthorcitesthebiographiesofJesusintheBibleinordertoshowthat（

）.

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue,accordingtothepassage?

4.Anunauthorizedbiographyislikelytoattractmorereadersbecause（

）.

5.Inthispassage,theauthorfocuseson（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.possessesspecialprivateinformationandissympathetictowardthesubject

B.isclosetothesubjectandknowsthetechniquesofbiographywriting

C.isindependentandtreatsthesubjectwithfairnessandobjectivity

D.knowsthesubjectsverywellandyetmaintainsaproperdistancefromhim

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.biographiescanservedifferentpurposes

B.biographiesareauthenticaccountsoftheirsubject’slives

C.thebestbiographiesarethoseofheroesandfamousfigures

D.thebestbiographiesaremeanttotransformtheirreaders

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Anauthenticbiographyseldomappealstoitsreaders.

B.Anauthenticbiographyisoneauthorizedbythesubject.

C.Authorizedbiographieshaveawiderreadership.

D.Noonecanwriteaperfectbiography.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.itportraysthesubjectbothfaithfullyandvividly

B.itrevealsalotofaccuratedetailsunknowntooutsiders

C.itcontainsinterestinginformationaboutthesubject'sprivatelife

D.itusuallygivesasympatheticdescriptionofthesubject'scharacter

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.thesecretofabiographertowinmorereaders

B.thedifficultyofabiographerinfindingtheproperperspectivetodohisjob

C.thetechniquesrequiredofabiographertowriteagoodbiography

D.thecharacteristicofdifferentkindsofbiographies.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.根據(jù)第二段的最后一句“tothrive,awritermusttrytobecomeawareofthese,evaluatethemintermsofthesubject,andselectapositionaccordingly.”要想成功，作家必須意識到這些，并根據(jù)主題對它們進(jìn)行評估，選好相應(yīng)的位置。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

2.根據(jù)第三段的第一句“Whentheirsubjectsareheroesorfamousfigures,biographiesoftenrevealademocraticmotive...”當(dāng)他們的主人公是英雄或著名人物時，傳記往往透露出一種民主動機(jī)。這與第二段的最后一句相呼應(yīng)。所以選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

3.根據(jù)最后一段的最后一句“Wesenseintuitivelythatnooneisinapositiontotell‘the’storyoflife,perhapsnoteventhesubject,andthishasbeenprovedbythehistoryofbiography.”沒有人能夠講述“生命的故事，甚至可能連主題都沒有，傳記的歷史已經(jīng)證明了這一點(diǎn)。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

4.根據(jù)第四段的第三句“'Unauthorized'biographiesalsohavetheirappeal,however,sincetheycansuggestanindependenceofmindinthebiographer.”未經(jīng)授權(quán)的傳記也有其吸引力，因?yàn)樗鼈兡鼙砻鱾饔涀髡咚枷氲莫?dú)立性。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

5.這篇文章主要是描述傳記作者很難找到合適的視角來完成他的工作。選項(xiàng)B更符合主題

7.單選題

IthinkImustbecomingdownwithflubecauseI’vebeenfeeling（）allday.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.wretched

B.worried

C.wrecked

D.wicked

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。wretched“可憐的，卑鄙的”；worried“擔(dān)心的”；wrecked“失事的；迷幻的”；wicked“邪惡的，惡劣的，不道德的”。句意：我覺得我染上流感了，因?yàn)槲艺旄杏X不舒服。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

8.案例題

Completethesesentencesbelow.

USENOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.

1.SolvingtheMorriswormwasdifficultbecausetherepairmethodwassent（）andthereforeuseless.

2.TheteenagerwhohackedintoBellAtlanticwouldgetamaximumprisonsentenceof（）ifhecommittedthesamecrimenow.

3.Somehackersarescaredthatgovernmentauthoritiescouldnowconsiderthemtobe（）.

4.Onedisadvantageof（）isthattheycanmakeacompanyfeelprotectedfromattackeventhoughthesystemisnotperfect.

【答案】1.viaE-mail

2.twoyears

3.terrorists

4.firewall

【解析】1.根據(jù)文章第三段，“However,the‘fixes’weretobedistributedviaE-mailandsothesolutionwasself-defeating.”，可知修復(fù)程序?qū)⑼ㄟ^電子郵件分發(fā)，因此解決方案是弄巧成拙的。

2.根據(jù)文章第五段，“In1997,ateenagerhackedintoaBellAtlanticnetwork…Andwhatwasthepunishmentforthisoffence?Twoyears’probationcommunityserviceandafineof$US5,000.”，可知入侵貝爾大西洋的少年如果現(xiàn)在再犯同樣的罪行，他將面臨2年的監(jiān)禁。

3.根據(jù)文章第六段，“Thishaspushedsomehackersfurtherunderground,fearfulthatwhattheyhadpreviouslybeendoingoutofboredomorchallengecouldnowbeviewedasanactofterrorism.”，可知這將一些黑客推向了更深的深淵，他們擔(dān)心以前無論是出于無聊或挑戰(zhàn)而做的事情，現(xiàn)在可能被視為恐怖主義行為?？膳袛喑鏊麄儞?dān)心政府把他們視為恐怖分子。

4.根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段，“Itistruethatthesefirewallshaveanumberofadvantages,nevertheless,theyshouldnotbeseenasapanaceatoallISsecuritywoes,merelyanenhancement.”，可知這些防火墻有許多優(yōu)點(diǎn)，但它們不應(yīng)被視為解決所有安全問題的萬能藥，而僅僅是一種增強(qiáng)?？膳袛喑龇阑饓Φ娜毕葜皇牵罕M管系統(tǒng)不完善，公司也會感覺到被保護(hù)而免遭侵害。

9.單選題

Thetwoscholarsworkedatthetaskofwritingaprefacetothenewdictionaryforthreehours（）lastnight.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.atlength

B.infull

C.onend

D.intime

【答案】C

【解析】考查短語詞義辨析。選項(xiàng)A：atlength“最后，詳細(xì)地”；選項(xiàng)B：infull“全部，充分，充足”；選項(xiàng)C：onend“連續(xù)地；豎著”;選項(xiàng)D：intime“及時”。由題意可知，選項(xiàng)C正確。句意：為了給那本新詞典寫序，這兩位學(xué)者昨晚連續(xù)花了三個小時。

10.單選題

Thisweektentopdesignerswill（

）theirautumncollectionsatthefashionfair.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.enhance

B.lubricate

C.hustle

D.unveil

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。enhance提高，增加；lubricate加潤滑油，使?jié)櫥?；hustle推搡，硬擠；unveil揭去…的面罩。句意：這周十位頂級設(shè)計(jì)師將在時尚展上揭開她們秋季作品的面紗。D項(xiàng)符合句意，答案D

11.單選題

Havinghadherasaprofessorandadviser,Icantellyouthatsheisan（）forcewhopushesherstudentstoexcelfarbeyondtheirownexpectations.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inspirational

B.educational

C.excessive

D.instantaneous

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞辨析。inspirational鼓舞人心的；educational教育的；excessive過度的；instantaneous即刻的。句意是：由于她是我的教授兼指導(dǎo)老師，不妨告訴你，她具有一種（

）力量，激發(fā)著她的學(xué)生超越自我的期望。因此，A選項(xiàng)符合句意。

12.單選題

Fertilizer,naturalsubstanceormixtureisusedto（）soilsoastopromoteplantgrowth.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.enact

B.enlarge

C.enclose

D.enrich

【答案】D

【解析】句意:肥料、自然物質(zhì)或混合物被用來使土地肥沃,以促進(jìn)植物生長。

考查動詞辨析。Enact通過(法律),扮演,擔(dān)任…角色;enlarge擴(kuò)大,擴(kuò)充,擴(kuò)展;enclose圍繞,放入封套;enrich使充實(shí),使肥沃,使富足。故D符合句意。

13.單選題

Duringthe1960’sand1970’s,theprimaryeconomicdevelopmentstrategyoflocalgovernmentsintheUnitedStateswastoattractmanufacturingindustries.Unfortunately,thisstrategywasusuallyimplementedatanothercommunity’sexpense:manymanufacturingfacilitieswereluredawayfromtheirmooringselsewherethroughtaxincentivesandslickpromotionalefforts.Throughthetransferofjobsandrelatedrevenuesthatresultedfromthispractice,onetown’striumphcouldbecomeanothertown’stragedy.

Inthe1980’sthestrategyshiftedfromthiszero-sumgametoonecalled“high-technologydevelopment,”inwhichlocalgovernmentscompetedtoattractnewlyformedhigh-technologymanufacturingfirms.Althoughthisapproachwaspreferabletovictimizingothergeographicalareasbytakingtheirjobs,italsohaditsshortcomings:high-techmanufacturingfirmsemployonlyaspeciallytrainedfractionofthemanufacturingworkforce,andtheresimplyarenotenoughhigh-techfirmstosatisfyallgeographicareas.

Recently,localgovernmentshaveincreasinglycometorecognizetheadvantagesofyetathirdstrategy:thepromotionofhomegrownsmallbusinesses.Smallindigenousbusinessesarecreatedbyanearlyubiquitousresource,localentrepreneurs,withrootsintheircommunities,theseindividualsarelesslikelytobeenticedawaybyincentivesofferedbyanothercommunity.Indigenousindustryandtalentarekeptathome,creatinganenvironmentthatbothprovidesjobsandfostersfurtherentrepreneurship.

1.ThepassagesuggestswhichofthefollowingaboutthemajorityofUnitedStatesmanufacturingindustriesbeforethehigh-technologydevelopmenteraofthe1980’s?

2.Thetoneofthepassagesuggeststhattheauthorismostoptimisticabouttheeconomicdevelopmentpotentialofwhichofthefollowinggroups?

3.Theauthorofthepassagementionswhichofthefollowingasanadvantageofhigh-technologydevelopment?

4.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theylostmanyoftheirmostinnovativepersonneltosmallentrepreneurialenterprises.

B.Theyexperiencedamajordeclineinprofitsduringthe1690’sand1970’s.

C.Theycouldproviderealeconomicbenefitstotheareasinwhichtheywerelocated.

D.Theyemployedworkerswhohadnospecializedskills.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Localgovernments

B.High-technologypromoters

C.Localentrepreneurs

D.Manufacturing-industrymanagers

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Itencouragesthemodernizationofexistingmanufacturingfacilities.

B.Itdoesnotadvantageonelocalworkforceattheexpenseofanother.

C.Itencouragesthegrowthofrelatedindustries.

D.Ittakesfulladvantageoftheexistingworkforce.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Advocatemoreeffectivestrategiesforencouragingthedevelopmentofhigh—technologyenterprisesintheUnitedStates.

B.Contrasttheincentivesforeconomicdevelopmentofferedbylocalgovernmentswiththoseofferedbytheprivatesector.

C.Acknowledgeandcounteradversecriticismofprogramsbeingusedtostimulatelocaleconomicdevelopment.

D.Reviewandevaluatestrategiesandprogramsthathavebeenusedtostimulateeconomicdevelopment.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到第一段中“thisstrategywasusuallyimplementedatanothercommunity’sexpense這種策略通常是實(shí)現(xiàn)另一個社區(qū)的代價,”以及“throughthetransferofjobsandrelatedrevenuesthatresultedfromthispractice,onetown’striumphcouldbecomeanothertown’stragedy通過這種做法帶來的就業(yè)和相關(guān)收入的轉(zhuǎn)移，一個城鎮(zhèn)的勝利可能成為另一個城鎮(zhèn)的悲劇”，可知，在八十年代以前，經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展都是本地化的，只能為自己所在的社區(qū)帶來經(jīng)濟(jì)利益。C項(xiàng)“它們可以為它們所處的地區(qū)提供真正的經(jīng)濟(jì)利益?！闭_。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到第二段“high-techmanufacturingfirmsemployonlyaspeciallytrainedfractionofthemanufacturingworkforce高科技制造企業(yè)只雇傭了一小部分受過專門訓(xùn)練的制造勞動力”，以及第三段“indigenousindustryandtalentarekeptathome,creatinganenvironmentthatbothprovidesjobsandfostersfurtherentrepreneurship本土產(chǎn)業(yè)和人才被留在國內(nèi)，創(chuàng)造了一個既提供就業(yè)又促進(jìn)進(jìn)一步創(chuàng)業(yè)的環(huán)境”?？芍髡呤菍Ρ就恋钠髽I(yè)持有比較樂觀的態(tài)度。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到第二段“thisapproachwaspreferabletovictimizingothergeographicalareasbytakingtheirjobs這種辦法比奪走其他地理地區(qū)的工作而使其受害要好”可知與B項(xiàng)“它不會犧牲一個當(dāng)?shù)貏趧恿Φ睦娑沽硪粋€勞動力受益?！毕喾?。

4.主旨大意題。文章主要目的在于通過講解三種不同的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展策略，告訴讀者哪種發(fā)展策略優(yōu)勢比較明顯，同時三種發(fā)展策略對經(jīng)濟(jì)有哪些好的促進(jìn)作用。故D項(xiàng)“審查和評估用于刺激經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的戰(zhàn)略和方案?！狈项}意。

14.單選題

TheEuropeanUnioncountrieswereonceworriedthattheywouldnothave（

）suppliesofpetroleum.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.proficient

B.efficient

C.potential

D.sufficient

【答案】D

【解析】句意:歐盟國家曾擔(dān)心他們石油供應(yīng)不足。

形容詞辨析。Proficient熟練的，精通的;efficient有效率的，生效的;potential潛在的，可能的;sufficient足夠的，充分的。故D符合句意。

15.單選題

Tonyhasnottheleast（）ofgivinguphisresearchwork.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.intention

B.interest

C.wish

D.desire

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)intention“打算，意圖，意向”，后可接of短語，也可以接不定式短語；B選項(xiàng)interest“興趣，愛好，利息，趣味”，后接介詞in；C選項(xiàng)wish“希望，愿望；祈求，心愿；祝愿，祝?！迸cD選項(xiàng)desire“欲望；要求，心愿”后一般接不定式。句意：托尼毫無放棄其研究工作的打算。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

16.單選題

Lovecan’tconquerall.So,beforecouplestietheknot,theyshouldknowwhatthey’regettinginto.Thetabooagainstcoupleslivingtogetherbeforemarriageisdecreasing,andmoreandmorepeoplearesaying“Ido”afterthey’vespentmonths,orevenyears,livingtogether.

Asmuchasapersonlovesanother,heorsheneverreallyknowswhathappensbehindcloseddoorsunlessheorsheisstandingontheotherside.Whilesomepeopleviewlivingtogetherbeforemarriageasimmoral,couplesareactuallyexpandingtheboundariesoftheirrelationshipbymovingintogether.Forexample,thedivisionofhouseholdresponsibilitiescanbeamajorissuefornewlyweds.Bylivingtogether,couplescansolveimbalancesinthedistributionofthoseresponsibilitiesbeforesomeonerealizesheorshehasmarriedalazybum.

Thismayseemlikeasmallpoint,buthowmanywomen—andmenareouttherewhoneverthoughttheywouldbetheonlyonescooking,washingdishes,vacuuming,hopping,scrubbing,disinfecting,cleaninglaundry,dusting,etc.?

Oneofthelargestproblemsinmarriagesisthe“in”word:money.Ifcoupleslivetogetherbeforemarriage,theylearnoneanother’ssavingandspendingstyles.Bybaringexpenses,peoplelearnnotonlyhoweachpersoncontrolsthepursestringsbuthowtodiscussfinancematterswitheachother.It’simportantforcouplestofigureoutbudgetprioritiesbeforetheyaremarried,andthisisdifficulttodounlessapersonhasbeensharingexpenseswithhisorherpartner.Ifcouplesdon’thavetheirfinancialissuesinorder,theyareboundtosurface,causingtroubleinthemarriage.

It’salsodifficulttoknowsomeoneintimatelywithoutlivingwithhimorher.Aspecialbondformsbetweenpeoplewhosharetheirlivingspace,theirpersonallongings,andtheirlivestogether.Somethingsyoujustdon’tknowuntilyou’velivedwithsomeone.

Whilesomepeoplebelievelivingtogetherbeforemarriageisinappropriate,likemosteverythingelseinthiscountry,itisachoicethateveryoneshouldrespect.Livingtogethercanbeapositiveexperiencethatwilllaterreinforceamarriage,butitcanalsobesomethingthatendsarelationship.Butifarelationshipisgoingtoendit’sbetterforpeopletodiscoverthehardtruthbeforetheymarry.Eventhoughtwopeopleloveeachotherandenjoyspendingtimetogether,therealquestionis,canyoulivetogether?Peoplemightwanttofindoutbeforetheymaketheseriousdecisiontomarry.

1.“Tietheknot”inthefirstlineofthefirstparagraphmeans（）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,throughlivingtogether（）.

3.Tosomepeoplelivingtogetherbeforemarringisunacceptablebecause（）.

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

5.Animportantpointtheauthormadeinthispassageis（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.gettingacquaintedwitheachother

B.datingeachother

C.livingtogetherbeforemarriage

D.gettingmarried

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.acouplecanreinforcetheirlove

B.acouplecanlearnwhoisbetteratdoingthehousework

C.acouplecansavesomemoneyfortheirmarriage

D.acouplecanknoweachotherintimately

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.itisimmoralandinappropriate

B.itmayendarelationshipmorequickly

C.itisashametothecouple’sparents

D.itwillcausemanysocialproblems

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Livingtogetherbeforemarriageisnowmoreacceptablethanbefore.

B.Littlehouseholdchorescancausetroubleinone’smarriage.

C.Loveistheguaranteeofahappymarriage.

D.Newly-wedsoftenhasmanylifeimbalancestoface.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.livingtogetherbeforemarriageissignificant;everycoupleshouldtryit

B.livingtogetherbeforemarriageisachoicethatshouldberespected

C.livingtogetheristhebestwaytobridgethegapsbetweenacouple

D.livingtogetherisasymbolofthemodernformofcivilization

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:語義題。根據(jù)題干定位至第一段:Thetabooagainstcoupleslivingtogetherbeforemarriageisdecreasing,andmoreandmorepeoplearesaying“Ido”afterthey’vespentmonths,orevenyears,livingtogether(人們對婚前同居的禁忌正在減少，越來越多的人在同居幾個月甚至幾年后說“我愿意”)，由此可知tietheknot指“結(jié)婚”，因此D項(xiàng)正確。

第2題:判斷推理題。A:夫妻能牢固他們的愛情。第六段指出:Livingtogethercanbeapositiveexperiencethatwilllaterreinforceamarriage,butitcanalsobesomethingthatendsarelationship(同居可以是一種積極的經(jīng)歷，日后會鞏固婚姻，但也可以是結(jié)束一段關(guān)系的事情)。因此A項(xiàng)不正確。B:夫妻可以了解誰更擅長做家務(wù)。第二段指出:Bylivingtogether,couplescansolveimbalancesinthedistributionofthoseresponsibilities...(通過同居，夫妻可以解決這些責(zé)任分配的不平衡…)，此說法并不能推斷出B項(xiàng)，因此B項(xiàng)錯誤。C:夫妻能為他們的婚姻存一些錢。第四段指出:Ifcoupleslivetogetherbeforemarriage,theyleanoneanother’ssavingandspendingstyles.Bybaringexpenses,peoplelearnnotonlyhoweachpersoncontrolsthepursestringsbuthowtodiscussfinancematterswitheachother(如果夫妻在婚前同居，他們會互相依賴對方的儲蓄和消費(fèi)方式。通過削減開支，人們不僅學(xué)會了如何控制每個人的錢袋，而且學(xué)會了如何相互討論財(cái)務(wù)問題)。由此可知C項(xiàng)不正確。D:一對夫妻可以親密地了解彼此。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞livingtogether定位到第五段:it’salsodifficulttoknowsomeoneintimatelywithoutlivingwithhimorher(不和他或她住在一起，就很難親密地了解對方)，因此D項(xiàng)正確。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞unacceptable定位至第二段以及第六段。第二段指出:Whilesomepeopleviewlivingtogetherbeforemarriageasimmoral,couplesareactuallyexpandingtheboundariesoftheirrelationshipbymovingintogether(雖然有些人認(rèn)為婚前同居是不道德的，但事實(shí)上，夫妻們正在通過同居來擴(kuò)展關(guān)系)。第六段指出:Whilesomepeoplebelievelivingtogetherbeforemarriageisinappropriate,itisachoicethateveryoneshouldrespect(雖然有些人認(rèn)為婚前同居不合適，但這是每個人都應(yīng)該尊重的選擇)。由此可知A項(xiàng)“不道德也不合適”正確。

第4題:判斷推理題。A:與過去相比，現(xiàn)在人們更能接受婚前同居了。第一段第二句指出:Thetabooagainstcoupleslivingtogetherbeforemarriageisdecreasing,andmoreandmorepeoplearesaying“Ido”afterthey’vespentmonths,orevenyears,livingtogether(對婚前同居的禁忌正在減少，越來越多的人在同居幾個月甚至幾年后說“我愿意”)。因此A項(xiàng)正確。B:家務(wù)瑣事會給婚姻帶來麻煩。第二段第三句指出:Forexample,thedivisionofhouseholdresponsibilitiescanbeamajorissuefornewlyweds(例如，家務(wù)責(zé)任的劃分可能是新婚夫婦的一個大事)。因此B項(xiàng)正確。C:愛是美滿婚姻的保證。第六段第四句指出:Eventhoughtwopeopleloveeachot