初中英語短文填空答題指導(dǎo)課件

短文填空·答題指導(dǎo)&訓(xùn)練ByMsWuYingfen一、短文填空題型說明短文填空也叫綜合填空，其特點(diǎn)是將一篇短文中的若干個(gè)詞抽出后，要求考生根據(jù)短文的意思，在每個(gè)空格中填上一個(gè)詞，使短文意思完整正確。它是測試學(xué)生的理解能力及對詞匯、語法和習(xí)慣用法等掌握情況的一種形式。短文填空是中考試題里一個(gè)比較難的項(xiàng)目，究其原因有以下：1、考點(diǎn)不明確：凡涉及到英文的理解、詞匯、語法和習(xí)慣用法的都可以考。2、內(nèi)容包羅萬象：天文地理、歷史人文、科技發(fā)展、旅游廣告等有可能考到。

短文填空要求學(xué)生在讀通、讀懂的基礎(chǔ)上，填出符合短文內(nèi)容和語法規(guī)則的詞或詞組。凡是課文中學(xué)到的詞匯和語法都是考試的范圍，各種介詞、副詞和習(xí)慣用法也會(huì)經(jīng)?？嫉健Ｓ绕鋵τ陂L句子，特別要注意其結(jié)構(gòu)，要精確地分析句子成分。在做短文填空時(shí)，要養(yǎng)成快速閱讀全文的習(xí)慣。句子讀得越快越長，理解的精度就越高。3、三讀短文，上下參照，驗(yàn)證答案。

在短文的空白處分別填上一個(gè)詞后，將完成的短文再細(xì)讀一遍，上下參照，連貫思考?？蓮纳稀⑾挛膬?nèi)容是否協(xié)調(diào)一致、順理成章，語法結(jié)構(gòu)是否正確無誤等進(jìn)行綜合驗(yàn)證，凡有疑問必須重新推敲考慮。三、做短文填空題的注意之處1、語義完整、適用是做好填詞的前提，要從全文的內(nèi)容出發(fā)，前后上下聯(lián)系起來考慮，避免“只見樹木，不見森林”的錯(cuò)誤。2、要善于從文中同樣結(jié)構(gòu)或類似結(jié)構(gòu)中尋找線索，從中得到提示和啟發(fā)，幫助確定應(yīng)填詞的詞性和詞形，這樣可避免想當(dāng)然地隨意亂填。3、填詞時(shí)應(yīng)注意詞形，不可簡單地都填原形詞。若空格內(nèi)填的是名詞，要考慮其單復(fù)數(shù)形式；若填的是形容詞或副詞，則要考慮其是否屬于比較等級(jí)；如若填的是動(dòng)詞，則要特別注意考慮其時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。如在句首，還要考慮其首字母的大寫。4、有些空格需要填入介詞、連詞等，除考慮上下文的內(nèi)容外，還要考慮和其他詞的固定搭配及其習(xí)慣用法。ExerciseOneExerciseTwoExerciseThreeExerciseFourLighttravelsataspeed(速度)of300,000kilometersinasecond.It’saboutamilliontimes1_____thanthatofsound,forsoundtravelsonly3402______inasecond.Youcanunderstandthisbigdifference3____watchingthestartofarunningmatch.Ifyoustandfaraway4_____thestarter(發(fā)令員),youcan5____thesmokecomingfromhisgunbeforethesoundreachesyour6____.Thefastspeedoflightproducessomestrangefacts.Theneareststarissofarawayfromtheearththatthelightfromit7_____fouryearstoreachus.Thelightfromsomeotherstarsbegantotraveltotheearthevenbeforeyouwereborn.So,ifyouwanttobehonest(誠實(shí)),you8_____say,“Thestarsareshiningbrightlytonight.”Youhavetosay,“Thestarslooknice.Theywereshiningmanyyears9____,buttheirlighthasjust10_______ourplanet.fastermetersbyearsfromseereachedcan’tagotakesExerciseFiveMrBrownhadanumbrellashopinasmalltown.Peopleusually1_______newumbrellashere,andsometimestheybroughthim2_____brokenumbrellas.ThenMrBrowntookthemtomendinabigshopinLondon.Oneday,MrBrownwenttoLondonbytrain.He3______totakeanumbrellawithhimthatday.Anoldmanwassittingnexttohimwithanumbrellastandingbytheseat.WhenthetrainarrivedinLondon,Mr.Brown4______uptheumbrellaasheoftendidduringhisjourneybytrain.Justashewasgetting5_____,theoldman6_______himandsaidangrily,“That’smyumbrella,notyours!”Mr.Brown’sface7______redandhegavetheumbrellabacktothemanatonce.WhenMrBrowngottothebigshop,theshopkeeperhadgothissixumbrellasready.Afteragoodlookateachofthem,hesaidtotheshopkeeper,“You’ve8________themverywell.”Intheafternoon,MrBrowntookthetrainhome9_____theumbrellas.Tohis10________,theoldmanwassittingnexttohimagain.HelookedatMrBrownandthesixumbrellas,“You’vehadaluckyday,”hesaid.boughttheirpickedoffstoppedforgotturnedmendedsurprisewithExerciseSixExerciseSevenThomasEdisonwasagreatAmericaninventors.Whenhewasachild,hewasalways1_______questionsandtryingoutnewideas.Nomatter(無論)howharditwas,he2______gaveup.YoungTomwasinschool3_____onlythreemonths.Histeacherdidn’tunderstand4_____hehadsomanystrangequestions.Andmostofthequestionswerenotabouthislessons.Theteacherdidn’twantto5_______Tomanymore.HeaskedTom’smothertotaketheboyhome.Tom’smothertaughthimtoreadandwrite,andshefound6_____tobeaverygoodpupil.Helearntveryfastandbecamevery7__________inscience.Oneday,Tom8_____alittleboyplayingontherailwaytracksatastation.Atrainwascomingnearquickly,andtheboywastoo9__________tomove.Tomrushedoutandcarriedtheboytosafety