2022年6月英語六級真題及答案解析（第二套）

2022年6月英語六級真題及答案解析(第二套)Writing (30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaythatbeginswiththesentenceaNowadaysmoreandmorepeoplekeeplearningnewskillstoadapttoafast-chaHgingworld,"Youcanmakecomments,citeexamples,oruseyourpersonalexperiencestodevelopyouressay.Youshouldwr〃eatleast150wordshutnomorethan200wo泌.ListeningComprehension (30minutes)溫馨提示：2022年6月英語六級考試實(shí)考1套聽力，本套聽力內(nèi)容與第1套完全一致，只是選項(xiàng)順序不同，故而木重復(fù)給出。ReadingComprehension (40minutes)SectionADirections;Inthissection,thereisapassagew”htenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices,Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2wilhasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthehankmorethanonce.Thinkingkindthoughtsaboutyourselfandyourlovedonescanprovebeneficialforyouroverallwellbeing,empiricalevidencehasshown.Researcherscarriedoutaninvestigationtoexplorethe26betweenhavingkindthoughtsandaperson'spsychologicalstate.Forthestudy,fivegroupsofparticipantswerepresentedwithadifferentsetofaudioinstructions,someofwhichencouragedtheparticipantstothink27aboutthemselvesandotherswhichpersuadedthemtothinkinaself-criticalmanner.Afterlisteningtotheaudioinstructions,theparticipantswereaskedtoansweraseriesofquestions.Theseincludedwhethertheyfeltagitated,howlikelytheyweretoshowkindnesstothemselvesandhow28theyfelttootherindividuals.Theparticipantswhowereinstructedtothinkkindlyaboutthemselvesweremorelikelytoexhibitabodilyresponseassociatedwithbeingrelaxedandfeelingsafe.Theirheartratesalsodropped,whichisahealthysignofaheartthatcanrespondflexiblytosituations.Yet,29,thosewholistenedtothecriticalaudioclipswerenotedashavingahigherheartrateandsweatresponseafterwards,bothofwhich30feelingsofthreatanddistress.Havingtheabilitytoswitchoffthebody'snaturalthreatresponsecan31aperson'simmunesystem.This,inturn,givesthemagreaterlikelihoodofrecoveringquicklyfromillness.Thesefindingshelpustofiirtherunderstandsomeofourclinicaltrialsresearchfindings,whereweshowthatindividualswith32depressionbenefitparticularlyfromself-awareness-based33therapy.Theyessentiallylearntobecomemoresympathetictothemselves.Thesenseisthatforpeople34todepression,meetingtheirnegativethoughtsandfeelingswith35isaradicallydifferentway;thatthesethoughtsarenotfacts.Itintroducesadifferentwayofbeingandknowingthatisquitetransformativeformanypeople.A)adverselyI)indignantlyB)amiablyJ)insulationC)boostK)lavishD)cognitiveL)proneE)compassionM)recurrentF)connectedN)signifyG)correlation0)surpassH)fascinatedSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagemthtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.SavingOurPlanetInthelongview,thehumanrelationshipwithforestshasbeenoneofbrutaldestruction,butevenitcarrieselementsofslowhope.IntheMiddleAges,therewasnoshortageoftimberinmostpartsoftheworld,andfewsawcuttingdownforestsasaproblem.Yetin1548thepeopleofVeniceestimatedthatanimportanttimbersupplywouldlastonly30yearsattheircurrentrateofusage-butdifferentforestmanagementwouldmakeitpossibletomeetthedemandformanycenturiestocome.Theideaofpreservingresourcescameoutofaconcernforthefuture:afearofusingupresourcesfasterthantheycouldbereplenished(未卜充).Economicinterestswereatthecoreofthisunderstandingoftreesandforests.Itwouldtakemorethanthreecenturiesbeforescientistsbegantounderstandthattimberproductionisnottheonly,andpossiblynotthemostimportant,functionofforests.Thelate19thandearly20thcenturysawanincreasingrecognitionthatforestsserveashabitatsforcountlessanimalandplantspeciesthatallrelyoneachother.Theytakeoverprotectivefunctionsagainstsoilerosionandlandslides(塌方)；theymakeasignificantcontributiontothewaterbalanceastheypreventsurfacerunoff;theyfilterdirtparticles,greenhousegasesandradioactivesubstancesfromtheair;theyproduceoxygen;theyprovidespacesforrecreationandtheypreservehistoricandprehistoricremains.Asaresult,forestsaroundtheworldhavebeensetasideasparksorwildernessareas.Recentyearshaveseenabigchangeinourviewofforests.PeterWohlleben^bookTheHiddenLifeofTrees(2015),aninternationalbestseller,suggeststhattreescanwarneachotherofdangerthrougha“woodwideweb“ofrootsandfungi(真菌).Theysupporteachotherthroughsharingofnutrientsandinformation,andtheyevenkeepancientstumpsalivebyfeedingthemsolutionsofsugars.Suchinsightshavemadeusawareofdeepecologicalrelationshipsbetweenhumansandthemore-than-humanworld.Awarenessofecologiesisarecentphenomenon.Itwasnotuntilthe1940sthattheconceptofthe"environment“embracingalllivingandnonlivingthingsdeveloped.Inthe1970s,theterm“environment“gainedcurrency,becomingwidelyadoptedintheEnglishandRomancelanguages,andas“Umweh"("'surroundingwoiid")inGerman.Tlieemergenceoftheidealedtotheriseofenvironmentalagencies,regulationsandenvironmentalstudies,andtoenvironmentalscienceasnew,integratedacademicdisciplines.Itwasin1956thattheveryfirstbachelorofscienceinenvironmentalstudieswasawarded,attheStateUniversityofNewYorkCollegeofForestryatSyracuse.Sincethe1970s—withtheriseof“environmentalism”-environmentalstudiesprogrammeshavesprungupathundredsofuniversities.Thereis(slow)hopeinthefactthatscholarsfrommanydifferentdisciplineshaveadoptedtheterm“environment“overthepastdecades.Theyareexploringintricateconnectionswithinandbetweencomplexecologies,aswellastheimpactthathumanenvironment-making(throughtechno-industrial,economicandothermanipulativedevelopments)hashadonthebiosphere.Theriseoftheideaoftheenvironmentandascholarlyunderstandingofecologicalprocesseshasinfluencednewtechnologiesandalsopolitics.Wehavecometoaskquestionsaboutvulnerabilityandrisk,worldecologies,andtherelationshipbetweennatureandpower.Thesearchforanadequateresponsetoclimatechangeoccupiescentrestageininternationaldiplomacy.Socialandenvironmentalactivists,scientistsandindigenousgroupshavecalledtheParisAgreementoftheUnitedNationsClimateChangeConferenceinDecember2015insufficient,weak,orcompromised.Tosomeextent,theyareright:climatechangehasalreadydestroyedtensofthousandsoflivelihoods,andthesituationwillworseninthenearftiturefbrmillionsofmostlypoorerpeople,whowilljointlieranksofthosewhohavealreadybeendisplacedbyclimatechangeandextremeweatherevents.ButtheParisConferenceneverthelessmarkedahistoricsteptowardtherecognitionoftheneedfbractiononclimatechange,thecuttingofcarbonemissions,andworldcooperation.Therewere195nationsthatcametothetableinParisandagreedtolimitsonemissions.Historically,nothingcomparablehadhappenedpriortothis.Beforethe20thcentury,ahandfulofscientistshadbeeninterestedinthetheoreticalrelationshipbetweengreenhousegasesandclimatechange,butonlytheempiricalevidenceaccumulatedsincethelate20thcenturyestablishedaclearconnectionbetweentheburningoffossilfiielsandavastlyacceleratedriseinglobaltemperatures.Tliecurrentcrisisisnotthefirstthathumanshaveencountered,andalookatthestruggleswithpollutioninrecenthistoryrevealstransfbnnationsthatonceseemedunimaginable.The"Londonfbg"thatcametodefinethecapitalthroughBritishnovelsandthrillersisinrealitysmogorsmoke,alegacyofindustrialisation.Afteracenturyofignorance,LondonwashitbytheGreatSmogofDecember1952一theworstair-pollutioneventinthehistoryoftheUnitedKingdomwhichcausedthedeatlisofapproximately12,000people.Shortlythereafter,publicinitiativesandpoliticalcampaignsledtostrictregulationsandnewlaws,includingtheCleanAirAct(1956).Today,LondonhaseffectivelyreducedtrafficemissionsthroughtheintroductionofaCongestionChargeZonein2003,andanUltraLowEmissionZonein2019.H)Scientificevidencethatwearelivinginaneraofclimatechange,resourceexhaustionandpotentialecologicaldisasterisoverwhelming.Howdowemotivateapublicexhaustedbynever-endingscenariosofdoomanddisaster,whenthechallengesseemsohugeandsoimpossibletosolve?Statisticsaboutextinctionandthegloomofdeclinewillnotinthemselvesgetusoutofouroftenself-createdecologicaltraps:instead,theyaremorelikelytoresultinparalysisandinaction.Weneedstoriesandhistoriesofchangeandtransformation:ecologicalstoriesthatmakeusconfrontthefactthathumanpowerispotentiallydestructive,andthatthesurvivalofourspeciesonthisplanetdependsonthepreservationofsoilandwater,andthehabitatsandecologicalsystems.Itistimethatweshowedsuccessesandaccelerationsinecologicalawareness,actionandrestoration:storiesthatincludepastsuccessesandfuturevisionsabouttheriseofurbangardeningandofrenaturalisedriverscapes,ofsuccessfi.ilprotestsagainstpollutedairandwater,oftheriseofregionalmarketsandslowfood,andtheplantingoftreesaroundtheglobe,ofinitiativesandenterprisesthatworktowardsecologicalrestoration.TherealityofecologicalcursesseemsfargreaterthanthepowerofthehopesleftatthebottomofPandora'sbox.Butifwebelievethatnothingcanbechanged,thenwearegivingupouropportunitytoact.K)Today'ssavingpowerswillnotcomefromadeusexmachina(解圍之神).Inanever-morecomplexandsyntheticworld,oursavingpowerswon'tcomefromasinglesource,andcertainlynotfromatoo-big-to-failapproachorfromthosewhohavebeendrawnintothewhirlpoolofourageofspeed.Hopecanworkasawakeupcall.Itacknowledgessetbacks.Theconceptofslowhopesuggeststhatwecan'texpectthingstochangeovernight.Iftheever-fasterexhaustionofnaturalresources(inecologicalterms)andthe''shrinkingofthepresent”(insocialterms)areurgentproblemsofhumans,thencuttingdownonexhaustivepracticesandworkingtowardsa"stretchingofthepresenf5willbewaystomoveforward.Climatechangehaswroughthavoconthelivesoftensofthousandsofpeople.Ittookscientistsalongtimetorealisethatthefunctionofforestsgoesfarbeyondprovidinghumanswithtimber.Thereisabundantevidencethatwearenowfacingapossibleecologicaldisaster.Environmentalsciencebecameacademicdisciplinesonlysomesixtyyearsago.Thingscannotchangeovemight,butreducingtheconsumptionofnaturalresourceswillhelpsolvetheecologicalcrisis.Humanperceptionofforestshasundergoneatremendouschangeinthepastyears.Recenthistoryshowsreductionofpollution,onceseeminglyimpossible,canactuallybeaccomplished.Peoplebegantoconsiderpreservingnaturalresourceswhentheyfearedtheywouldhavenothingtouseinthefuture.Ifwedoubtourabilitytoreverseecologicaldeterioration,wearethrowingawaythechancetotakeaction.Howtorespondeffectivelytoclimatechangehasbecomethefocusofinternationaldiplomacy.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B)fC)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.SinceAmericanidolstarTarynSouthernstartedcomposingmusicwithAIin2017,musiciansallovertheworldhavebegunwonderingabouttheimplicationsofAIandmodemtechnologywheremusicproductionisconcerned.UsingAIinthecreationofmusicisperceivedbysomeasahelpfultoolandbyothersasalmost“thebeginningoftheend”InTaryn'scase,AIsoftwareenabledhertocommunicatemelodiesandchordsthatshedidn'tknowhowtoputtogetherherself.Theendproductwasthereforeacollaborativeeffort,ratherthanapieceentirelyproducedbytechnology.Taryn'sstoryhasadistinctlypositivefeelthathighlightstheadvantagesofusingAIinmusicproduction.Itcanserveasasourceofinspiration,andasanidealjumping-offpointshouldamusicianbehitwithwriter'sblock(文思枯竭).ContrarytoseeingAIasatool,somemusiciansconsiderittobehugelydetrimentaltothemusicscene.Atthemoment,becausesuchtechnologyisstillsoyoung,themusicit'sproducingisnotnecessarilywhatwewanttohear.Inshort,it'snotofgreatquality.Tliosewhohaveproducedtheirownmusic,orevenfansofauthentic,artisticmusic,willalsoarguethatacomputercouldneveremulatethework(andhumantouch)ofatruemusician.Musichasbeenanintegralpartofthestoryofhumansforages;infact,thefirstknownpieceofmusicisbelievedtobearound3,400yearsold.Songshavelongbeenusedasameansofcommunicatingmessagesandfolkstories,coveringeverythingfromsocietalethicstoworldhistory.Sincemanypeopleseemusicassuchaninherentlyhumanexpression,itisoftenconsideredastooprecioustoimparttotechnology.Thethoughtofacomputergeneratinga“random“pieceofmusicthathasn'tbeenpainstakinglycreatedbyanartistisalmostseenassacrilegious(褻瀆神圣的).Regardlessofwhichsideoftheargumentyoufallon,itseemslikelythattheuseofAIinmusicproductionwillonlybecomemorefrequent.Ourmodemworldispreoccupiedwithtechnologicaladvancements.Insteadofshyingawayfromtheideaofthisbleakfuture,thebestapproachtotakeisoneofoptimismandcuriosity.Whiletherearealwaysboundtobestubbornold-schoolmusicianswhorefusetousetech,musicproducersshouldconsiderAIassomethingtobeembraced.AImusicsoftwareisstillverymuchinitsinfancy,butwithmoreinvestorsinterestedinthedevelopmentandoutcomesofsuchtechnology,andconsideringtherapidgrowthrateofothertechadvancesinrecentyears,it'sonlyamatteroftimebeforeAI-producedmusicisseenasthenewnorm.HowdosomemusiciansperceiveusingAIincreatingmusic?Itwouldhelptoproducemoremusicidols.Itwouldbedetrimentaltomusicproduction.Itwouldhindertheunderstandingofauthenticmusic.Itwouldbethebeginningofanewerainmusiccreation.WhatdoesTarynSouthern'sstoryillustrate?AItechnologyisconducivetomusiccomposition.Musicianswillbeunabletocreatemusicwithouthightech.Musiciansareoftenattheirwits,endintheircreativeeffort.AItechnologyisindispensabletocreatingmelodiesandchords.WhyaresomemusiciansopposedtotheuseofAIincreatingmusic?MusicproducedwithAItechnologylackshumanness.MusiccreatedwithAItechnologyiseasilyemulated.Itwilldepreciatehumans'roleinmusiccomposition.Itwilldepleteyoungmusicians,creativeinspiration.WhydomanypeoplethinkmusicistooprecioustoimparttoAItechnology?Itcannotbecreatedwithoutpains.Itcannotbeproducedatrandom.Itispartofhumanlife.Itishumanspecific.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofthefutureofAImusic?Itwillcontinuetoarousetheinterestofmusicinvestors.Ithastheprospectofbecomingthenorminthefuture.Itwillbegraduallyacceptedbyold-schoolmusicians.Itmayeventuallyloseitsfreshnessandappeal.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Afewweeksago,awell-meaningprofessortriedtoexplainthephysiologicalprocessbehindvirusesandthehumanbodyinatweetandwasimmediatelycriticizedforamistakeinhisinfbnnation.Hethenissuedanapologyanddeletedhiserroneoustweet.Communicatingsciencebeyondtheacademicbubbleisnecessarytoaugmentingpublicunderstandingofhealthandenvironmentalissuesandhelpingindividualsmakewell-infbrmedpersonaldecisions.However,scientistswhoengageinsciencecommunicationmustacknowledgethatevenintheirarea,theirexpertiseisdeepbutnarrow.Theyneedtorecognizetheconstraintsintheirownknowledge.Thatisnottosuggestthattheyonlywriteorpresentontheirownresearch,butrather,thattheyconsultwithanexpertifthetopicisoutsideoftheirdiscipline.Fact-checkingwithascientistwhoworksinthespecialtywillpreventtheunintentional2022年6月英語六級真題第2套第6頁共8頁spreadofmisinformation,andtheprocessofdoingsomayyieldtinypiecesofinterestingnewinformationthatcanbeincorporated.Somehavearguedthatthepublicisnoteducatedenoughtounderstandscientificinformation,especiallyforanycomplexphenomena,butthisisabsurd.Scienceinstructioncanbefoundatalllevelsofpubliceducationwithmostsecondaryschoolsofferingclassesonbiology,physics,andchemistry.Ifanything,socialmediahasshownthatthepubliccravesknowledgebasedonasolidscientificfoundation.Eventhepublicdiscoursethatfollowsmostscientificarticlesshowsthatonlinereaderscanunderstandeventhemostbafflingofscientificprinciples.Itisequallyimperativetoemphasizethatbeinganexpertonatopicdoesnotautomaticallymakeascholarqualifiedtocommunicateittoanonscientificaudience.Anumberofscientistsrecentlyhavebeenofferingpublic-aimedexplanationsofscientificphenomena.Eventhoughtheyhaveappropriatecredentials,theyoftendoverylittleinthewayofexplaining.Onebiologistsharedanintricateanalogyinvolvingalibrary,books,paper,arecipe,ingredients,andacaketoexplaintheprocessbehindvaccines.Anyexplanationthatrequiresawrittenkeytokeeptrackofwhateachitemrepresentsisnotaclearexampleforpublicconsumption.Sciencecommunicationisascienceinandofitself.Itrequiresrigoroustrainingandinstruction.Ascientistshouldtakecommunicationcoursesthatcanteachapersonhowtoidentifyandeliminatejargonandhowtodevelopeffectiveanalogiestoexplaincomplexconcepts.Onecannotassumecommunicationexpertise-imagineifsomeonejustdecidedthattheywereaphysicistandstartedtryingtocontributetothefieldwithoutthenecessarybackground.Doingapoorjobcommunicatingsciencetothepublicwillonlycreateconfusionandwidenthegapbetweenscienceandsociety,agapthatscientistsaretryingtoclose.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutcommunicatingsciencetothegeneralpublic?Itwillhelpthemtokeepabreastofthelatestscientificdevelopments.Itisanecessarymeanstoimprovetheirunderstandingofscientificissues.Itwillgetthemmoreinvolvedinacademicdebatesonenvironmentalproblems.Itisaneffectivewaytoaugmentscientists,influencebeyondtheacademiccircle.Whatdoestheauthoradvisescientistsdotodealwithtopicsoutsideoftheirspecialty?Writeorpresentonthemfromnewangles.Utilizeinformationfromdiversesources.Turntoaspecialistforprofessionalhelp.Fact-checkwithcolleaguesintheirfield.Whatdoestheauthorsaywecanlearnfromsocialmedia?Asolidacademicfoundationisessentialtounderstandingbafflingscientificprinciples.Modemtechnologyhasfacilitatedcommunicationbetweenscientistsandthepublic.Scientificarticleshavegainedincreasingpopularityamongthegeneralpublic.Thepublic'sunderstandingofscienceismuchbetterthansomehaveclaimed.Whatdoestheexampleofthebiologistwhosharedanintricateanalogyshow?Itishelpfultouseillustrationsinexplainingscientificphenomena.Itisimperativetohaveappropriatetitlestoexplainscientificissues.Alearnedscholarisnotnecessarilyaqualifiedsciencecommunicator.Anonscientificaudiencecannotdulyunderstandprinciplesofscience.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestscientistsdotoclosethegapbetweenscienceandsociety?Explaincomplexconceptsscientifically.Makeappropriateuseofscientifictenns.Takecoursesinpublicspeaking.Developcommunicationskills.PartIV Translation (30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.南京長江大橋是長江上首座由中國設(shè)計(jì)、采用國產(chǎn)材料建造的鐵路、公路兩用橋，上層的4車道公路橋長4589米，下層的雙軌道鐵路橋長6772米。鐵路橋連接原來的天津一浦口和上海一南京兩條鐵路線，使火車過江從過去一個(gè)半小時(shí)縮短為現(xiàn)在的2分鐘。大橋是南北交通的重要樞紐，也是南京的著名景點(diǎn)之一。南京長江大橋的建成標(biāo)志著中國橋梁建設(shè)的一個(gè)飛躍，大大方便了長江兩岸的物資交流和人員來往，對促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和改善人民生活起到了巨大作用。［1］引出話題:越來越多的人不斷學(xué)習(xí)新技能來適應(yīng)快速變化的世界。分別用"Withregardto..."Tnaddition..［1］引出話題:越來越多的人不斷學(xué)習(xí)新技能來適應(yīng)快速變化的世界。分別用"Withregardto..."Tnaddition...,,aMeanwhile.來弓［出三個(gè)分論點(diǎn)，從大學(xué)生、雇員、老年人三個(gè)角度來具體闡述學(xué)習(xí)新技能的重要性?！?】用inanutshell總結(jié)全文,重申終身學(xué)習(xí)新技能的重要性。話題詞匯：worldmulti-polarization世界多極化economicglobalization經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化informationsociety信息社會economicandsocialdevelopment經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會發(fā)展self-enhancement/self-improvement自我提升/提高makeprogress取得進(jìn)步lifelonglearning終身學(xué)習(xí)earnaplace獲得一席之地2022年6月大學(xué)英語六級考試真題（二）答案與詳解PartIWriting結(jié)構(gòu)框圖：第1段引出話題：越來越多的人不斷學(xué)習(xí)新技能來適應(yīng)快速變化的世界，這是：非常有必、要的。、一一 ......... .............. .............. KeepLearning,..，.^；第2段具體闡述不斷學(xué)習(xí)新技能的重要性。KeepProgress-■?：第3段總結(jié)全文，重申觀點(diǎn)。范文點(diǎn)評：參考范文 精彩點(diǎn)評KeepLearning,KeepProgress【1】Nowadaysmoreandmorepeoplekeeplearningnewskillstoadapttoafast-changingworld.Onlybylearningnewskillsconstantlycanweavoidobsolescenceinsuchasocietywhereknowledgeandtechnologyupgradeinarapidway.【2】Withregardtocollegestudents,whatmattersmostisthedevelopmentofnewknowledgeandskills.Onlybyconstantlearningcantheykeeppacewiththechangingworldandbuildupthefoundationforearningaplaceintheworkaftergraduation.13】Inaddition?itisofvitalimportanceforemployeestoengageinlifelonglearning,forfast-changingeconomictechnologylowersthedemandforworkersandcreatesnewjobswithhigherdemands,forcingpeoplewithoutrequiredskillsintounemployment.14】Meanwhile,oldpeopleshouldcontinuetolearnnewskillsaswelltomeettheirneedsindailylife.Takeelectronicproductsforexample.ItisnecessaryforoldpeopletolearnhowtousesmartphonesincontactingsomeoneandscanningQRCodeoutside.【5】Inanutshell,lifelonglearninghasbeenahotwordforalongtime,andit'snevertoolatetolearn.So,areyoureadytolearnnewskills?

PartHReadingComprehensionSectionA【文章來源】本文選自2019年2月7日發(fā)表在www.independent.co.成(英國《獨(dú)立報(bào)》)健康和家立專欄中一篇標(biāo)題為"ThinkingKindThoughtsCanBoostYourMentalandPhysicalHealth”(《寬容的想法能夠促進(jìn)你的身心健康》)的文章.【結(jié)構(gòu)框圖】M1段概括說明寬容的想法對人的整體健康有益，并引出具體的科學(xué)研究。；TOC\o"1-5"\h\zi-Q；第2段介紹了實(shí)驗(yàn)中的參與者接收了兩種不同的音頻指示。 '：文章主要介紹了寬1：'二二二二二二二二二二二二二二二二二二二二二二二二二二二二二二二、容的想法與身心健-T-G：'第3段描述了接收這兩種不同音頻指示的參與者的不同表現(xiàn)。 ：康的關(guān)系。 ''…- ；-扇4段春述屏蔽耳榜對威脅的自然反擊可以增強(qiáng)一個(gè)人的免疫系統(tǒng)。 '?I '1---?：第5段表明以同情來回應(yīng)抑郁癥患者的消極想法和感受的臨床意義。 '：【詞性分析】名詞：C)boost激勵(lì)，鼓舞，幫助;動力增強(qiáng),助推；E)compassion同情,憐憫；G)correlation相互關(guān)系;關(guān)聯(lián)；因果關(guān)系；J)insulation隔熱;絕緣材料動詞：C)boost推動,促進(jìn)；向上推起;助推(宇宙飛船)；F)connected連接,聯(lián)結(jié);聯(lián)系，關(guān)聯(lián)；連接,接通；H)fascinated深深吸引，迷?。籏)lavish慷慨地給予；N)signify意味著，代表，表示，象征;要緊，有關(guān)系，有重要性；O)surpass超過，勝過形容詞：D)cognitive認(rèn)知的，認(rèn)知過程的；F)connected相關(guān)的，關(guān)聯(lián)的;連接的，相連的；H)fascinated被迷住的,被吸引住的;極感興趣的；K)lavish大量的;昂貴的;給人印象深的;慷慨的，大方的；L)prone很可能……的，有……傾向的，易于發(fā)生某事的;臉朝下臥倒的，俯臥的；M)recurrent重復(fù)出現(xiàn)的;一再發(fā)生的副詞：A)adversely相反地;不利地；B)amiably友好地，親切地；I)indignantly氣憤地，憤慨地答案詳解.【考點(diǎn)】名詞辨析題。.【考點(diǎn)】名詞辨析題。G)【語法判斷】空格前面是定冠詞the,可知空格處應(yīng)為名詞?！菊Z義判斷】空格后面是介詞短語betweenhavingkindthoughtsandaperson,spsychologicalstate,由此可以推斷空格處詞義應(yīng)為“相互關(guān)系”，故名詞G)correlation為答案。.【考點(diǎn)】副詞辨析題。B)【語法判斷】空格前為動詞think,且句子主體結(jié)構(gòu)完整，故空格處應(yīng)為副詞，修飾think。 *【語義判斷】空格所在句意思是“研究人員向五組參與者提供了一套不同的音頻指示，其中一些鼓勵(lì)參與者友好地看待自己，另一些則說服他們以自我批評的方式進(jìn)行思考，根據(jù)語義，空格處所填詞應(yīng)該與thinkinaself-criticalmanner"以自我批評的方式進(jìn)行思考”語義相對，由此確定副詞B)amiably"友好地，親切地”為答案。.【考點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析題。F)【語法判斷】空格前為疑問副詞how,空格后的句子中they為主語,felt為系動詞,缺表語，且該詞應(yīng)可以與介詞to搭配使用，故空格處應(yīng)填入形容詞。【語義判斷】空格所在句意思是''這些問題包括他們是否感到焦慮，他們對自己表現(xiàn)出友好的可能性有多大，以及他們和他人是如何關(guān)聯(lián)的由此確定F)snnected"相關(guān)的,關(guān)聯(lián)的“為答案。.【考點(diǎn)】副詞辨析題。A)【語法判斷】空格前面為轉(zhuǎn)折連詞yet“然而”,前面一句描述的是那些被要求善待自己的參與者的情況【語義判斷】空格所在句描述的是收聽批判性音頻片段的參與者的情況，這兩種參與者應(yīng)該是有不同反應(yīng)的。A)adversely“相反地”符合句意，故為答案。.【考點(diǎn)】動詞辨析題。N)【語法判斷】空格所在句是一個(gè)定語從句，先行詞是ahigherheartrateandsweatresponse,關(guān)系詞which后缺少謂語，因此空格處應(yīng)為動詞?！菊Z義判斷】本句意思是“聽了批判性音頻片段的人被發(fā)現(xiàn)心率加快，并在隨后出現(xiàn)出汗反應(yīng)，這兩種反應(yīng)都意味著威脅和痛苦的感覺?！惫蔔)signify"意味著''為答案。.【考點(diǎn)】動詞辨析題。C)【語法判斷】空格前是動名詞短語havingtheabilitytoswitchoffthebody'snaturalthreatresponse“有能力屏蔽身體對威脅的自然反應(yīng)”作主語,aperson'simmunesystem為賓語，句子缺少謂語動詞，且謂語動詞位于情態(tài)動詞can謂語動詞，且謂語動詞位于情態(tài)動詞can之后，故空格處應(yīng)為動詞原形?！菊Z義判斷】boostaperson'simmunesystem意思是“增強(qiáng)一個(gè)人的免疫系統(tǒng)”,C）boost"推動，促進(jìn)''符合句意，故為答案。.【考點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析題。M）【語法判斷】空格后面為名詞depression,因此空格處應(yīng)為形容詞?！菊Z義判斷】本句意思是“這些發(fā)現(xiàn)幫助我們進(jìn)一步理解一些臨床試驗(yàn)研究結(jié)果，我們發(fā)現(xiàn),抑郁癥患者尤其受益于基于自我意識的療法J'M）recurrent”重復(fù)出現(xiàn)的；一再發(fā)生的”符合語境，故為答案。.【考點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析題.D）【語法判斷】空格所在處是一個(gè)介詞短語fromself-awareness-based33therapy,其中self-awareness-bascd和空格處所填詞都用來修飾名詞therapy"治療，療法”,故空格處最有可能是名詞或形容詞?！菊Z義判斷】cognitivetherapy是一個(gè)專業(yè)術(shù)語,意思是“認(rèn)知療法”，符合語境，故D）cognitive為答案。.【考點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析題。L）【語法判斷】空格所在處forpeople34todepression是介詞短語作狀語，空格處應(yīng)為形容詞或分詞，與todepression一起作后置定語修飾people.【語義判斷】前文提到患抑郁癥的人，推測這里也是指容易抑郁的人,peoplepronetodepression意思是“容易抑郁的人”,L）prone符合語境，故為答案。35.【考點(diǎn)】名詞辨析題。E）【語法判斷】空格前面是介詞with,因此空格處應(yīng)填入一個(gè)名詞。【語義判斷】上一段提到復(fù)發(fā)性抑郁癥患者受益于基于自我意識的認(rèn)知療法,他們本質(zhì)上學(xué)會了對自己更加同情，空格所在句進(jìn)一步解釋了這種現(xiàn)象,可知空格處所填詞與上文的sympathetic意思一致,E）compassion“同情”符合語境，故為答案。參考譯文科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)證據(jù)證明，對自己和你愛的人心懷寬容的想法對你的整體健康有益。研究人員進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)調(diào)查,以探索心懷寬容的想法和一個(gè)人的心理狀態(tài)之間的關(guān)系。在這項(xiàng)研究中，研究人員向五組參與者提供了一套不同的音頻指示，其中一些鼓勵(lì)參與者友好地看待自己,另一些則說服他們以自我批評的方式進(jìn)行思考。在聽完音頻指示后，參與者被要求回答一系列問題。這些問題包括他們是否感到焦慮，他們對自己表現(xiàn)出友好的可能性有多大，以及他們和他人是如何關(guān)聯(lián)的。那些被要求善待自己的參與者更有可能表現(xiàn)出放松和感到安全的身體反應(yīng)。他們的心率也下降了，這是心臟能夠靈活應(yīng)對情況的健康跡象。然而，相反的是，那些聽了批判性音頻片段的人被發(fā)現(xiàn)心率加快，并在隨后出現(xiàn)出汗反應(yīng),這兩種反應(yīng)都意味著威脅和痛苦的感覺。有能力屏蔽身體對威脅的自然反應(yīng)可以增強(qiáng)一個(gè)人的免疫系統(tǒng)。這反過來又使他們更有可能從疾病中迅速康復(fù)。這些發(fā)現(xiàn)幫助我們進(jìn)一步理解一些臨床試驗(yàn)研究結(jié)果，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，復(fù)發(fā)性抑郁癥患者尤其受益于基于自我意識的認(rèn)知療法。他們本質(zhì)上學(xué)會了對自己更加同情。這意味著，對于容易抑郁的人來說,以同情來回應(yīng)他們的消極想法和感受是一種截然不同的方式；這些想法并不是事實(shí)。它引入了一種不同的存在和認(rèn)知方式，這對許多人來說是相當(dāng)具有變革性的.SectionB【文章來源】本文選自一篇標(biāo)題為“SavingOurPlanet”（《拯救我們的地球》）的文章。【結(jié)構(gòu)框圖】本文主要介紹了保護(hù)地球自然資源的重要性以及具體的做法，呼吁人們不要喪失信心或急于求成，我們還存有緩慢的希望。A）段點(diǎn)明主題：人們開始認(rèn)識到保護(hù)資源的重要性。本文主要介紹了保護(hù)地球自然資源的重要性以及具體的做法，呼吁人們不要喪失信心或急于求成，我們還存有緩慢的希望。：--?；B）、C）段具體介紹了森林資源的價(jià)值。-O：D）-F）段介紹了環(huán)境概念的興起以及其在經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化和政治方面的影響。；：GLK）段具體闡述了我們應(yīng)該如何應(yīng)對目前的生態(tài)危機(jī)：首先相信我們'-O：有能力改變現(xiàn)狀，然后要采取行動，減少對自然資源的消耗，努力促進(jìn)?生態(tài)環(huán)境發(fā)展。答案詳解.【定位】由題干中的.【定位】由題干中的wroughthavoc和thelivesof