高考短文改錯(cuò)解析

英語學(xué)科高考動(dòng)態(tài)---短文改錯(cuò)命題規(guī)律初探短文改錯(cuò)命題規(guī)律分析一、題型概述或1或I21二、命題規(guī)律1作謂語）①真題2007年（全國I卷）Iwasonlyaboutsixtwhen）heheldhishandouttome.Itookitinme（）andwewalked.ThenIask（asked）him,“Grandpa,howcomeyouhavesomuch（）linesonyourhand?”解析：根據(jù)前后文,這是在描述過去發(fā)生的事情,應(yīng)該用一般過去時(shí)。IfirstmetLiMengata（friend’s）birthdaypartyfiveyearsago.ThenIinvitedLiMengoverin（to）myplace.Welisten（listened）tomyCDstogetherandsoonbecomebestfriends.解析：整個(gè)語篇的中心時(shí)態(tài)是過去時(shí)，而且此動(dòng)作亦發(fā)生在過去，所以要用一般過去時(shí)listened。（陜西卷）IleftschoolassoonasI（could）andstartedwork.解析：整個(gè)語篇的中心時(shí)態(tài)是過去時(shí)，根據(jù)Ileftschool可判斷出此處動(dòng)作也發(fā)生在過去，謂語要用一般過去時(shí)。（四川卷）Thefarmerwasworriedbecauseofhiswalletwasinthepocket.But,to（his）surprise,whenhe（）home,hesawtheanimalwaitingatthedoor,still（wearing）hisjacketwiththewalletinthepocket.（天津卷）InGradeEightItookphysics.InonetestI（got）only36percentoftheanswerget改為got。（浙江卷）Allthestudentsontheplayground（cheered）meon,“Comeon!”IwassoencouragedthatIranfasterandfast（faster）tillIcaughtup^withalltheotherrunners.解析：這個(gè)故事發(fā)生在過去，所以要用一般過去時(shí)。2008年（全國II卷）Third,sinceIwas（）familiarwithBeijing,Icanhelpvisitorsfindtheirways解析：整個(gè)語篇的中心時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時(shí)，此處也表示現(xiàn)在的情況，與全文一致，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。（安徽卷）Wechoose（）thecheapestbiscuitsandatet）underatree.Wethoughtthebiscuitsweregreat.解析：整個(gè)語篇的中心時(shí)態(tài)是過去時(shí)，這里也表示的是過去的情況，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。IamsecretaryofCityStudentUnion(CSU).Wewere（）organizinganartexhibitionforhighschoolstudentin^thecity.解析：整個(gè)語篇的中心時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時(shí)，介紹正在開展的工作，要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，而非過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。（陜西卷）However,while（when）Johnwentbackhome,theticketswerestillthere.Inthefact,therewerefourticketsontheseat.Someone（）placedanotherpairofticketsontopofthem!解析：整個(gè)語篇的時(shí)態(tài)是過去時(shí)，另一個(gè)人放票發(fā)生在他查看之前，應(yīng)用過去完成時(shí)。（四川卷）Myparentshaveagreedtovisiting（visit）me,andIwillhaveadifferentvacation.Whenthey（）here,Iwillshowthemaroundmyuniversityandthecityjustaswell.解析：整個(gè)語篇都是用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)頃r(shí)，而且該句主句用的是一般將來時(shí)，故前面時(shí)間狀語從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。（四川延考卷）Dancing（）notdifficult.Ifyouwanttodoit（,youneedtofindagooddancingteacherandtaking（take）lessonsregularly.解析：整個(gè)語篇中心時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時(shí)，而且這里只是陳述客觀事實(shí)，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在時(shí)。（重慶卷）Itisalsoawindow^through/fromwhichwecanlearnaboutAmericansociety.Andtherewere（）manymeaningfulthingsthatareworththinkthinking）of,suchastherelationshipbetweenparentsandchildreninalotofAmericanfamily（families）.解析：整篇文章的都是使用現(xiàn)在時(shí)，這里并不是描述過去的事情。2009年（全國卷IAfterfiveyearsawayin（）myhometown,IfindthattheneighborhoodwhichIusedtolivingliveinhaschangedalot.TheSichuanRestaurantandtheolder（oldfishshopacrossthestreetfromourmiddleschoolwere（）gone.解析：整個(gè)語篇的中心時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在時(shí)，而were表示過去時(shí)態(tài)，不一致，需要將were改為are。（全國II卷）I（）togiveitbacktoyoubeforefourintheafternoon，and（but）Iwashold（held）uponmywayback.mean要改為meant。（遼寧卷）Myfatherwaspleasedif（when）Ishowedhimthemoneyamonthafter（later.Hegives（）metheotherfifty.解析：整個(gè)語篇的中心時(shí)態(tài)為過去時(shí)，且動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的時(shí)間與全文所用時(shí)態(tài)一致，需將gives改為。Theangelthenturnedtothethirdman,^whothrewuphishandsinfear.“Don’ttouchme!”he（cried）.解析：整個(gè)語篇用的都是過去時(shí)態(tài)，這里動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)間與全文一致，要用cried。（浙江卷）Istoodthereandcouldn’tbelieveinthatacompletestrangeris（was）sothoughtful.解析：語篇中心時(shí)態(tài)是過去時(shí)，此句動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)間與整篇時(shí)間一致，要用。解析：語篇中心時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時(shí)，這里描述的并不是過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，從句謂語應(yīng)與整體時(shí)態(tài)一致，had改為。②真題2007年（全國II卷）Imeanttowrite^alongletterandtellyouallthethingsI’mdoingatschool,butthebellwas（is）ringing,soIjusthavetostophere.,,而不是過去發(fā)生的事情,應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。（安徽卷）I’meighteenyearsoldandIlivein^asmallvillageinthePeakDistrict,notfarfromNottingham.Igrow（grew）upinthisvillage,soIknoweveryonehere.解析：我長大是過去的事情，所以應(yīng)該用過去時(shí)。（福建卷）Iwasingreatly（great）painatthatmoment,butItriedtoactasifnothinghas（）happeneduntiltheclasswasover.解析：前面Itried是過去式，所以從句要用過去完成時(shí)，表示在過去的某個(gè)時(shí)間前已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情。（遼寧卷）OnedayintherestaurantwhereIworked,Iam（was）servingatableoffourandeachpersonhadorderedthe（）differentkindoffish.解析：根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語oneday可判斷出故事發(fā)生在過去,所以要用一般過去時(shí)。（重慶卷）Westartedgoingdown.Ithadrainedevenharder.,而本句中沒有明顯的時(shí)間狀語表示是過去完成的動(dòng)作,所以雨下得更大了是對(duì)過去某個(gè)時(shí)間的描述,應(yīng)該用一般過去時(shí)。2008年（全國I卷）Iwin（won）anationalprizeforpaintinglastweek.解析：句末有l(wèi)astweek表示過去發(fā)生的事情，就應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。（遼寧卷）ItisfiveyearsnowsinceI（graduated）fromNo.3HighSchool.解析：since引起的從句用過去時(shí)。（天津卷）LastsummerIgo（went）toAmericaandstudiedatalanguageschool.解析：通過時(shí)間狀語lastsummer可確定時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去式。（浙江卷）Lastwintervacation,someofmyclassmates（decided）totravelwiththeirfriends,whileIchosetotake^apart-timejobtogainexperienceandearnsomemoney.解析：前面的時(shí)間狀語為lastwintervacation，句子自然為過去時(shí)態(tài)。2009年（寧夏、海南卷）Irememberaskingforaroomasfarawayfromtheliftsaspossibleandthey（found）meacomfortableoneon^thesecondfloor.解析：他們給我找到一間舒服的位于二樓的寢室找到動(dòng)詞的過去式found。（四川卷）Theangeltouchedhisback,andhehadrecovered.解析：這里recover發(fā)生在touch之后，不應(yīng)該用過去完成時(shí)，要去掉had。③真題2007年Three（）werealreadyonthetablewhenthemanclosesttomepointing（）tooneplateandaskedmethenameofthefishonit.Sincethenwehaven’tsee（seen）eachothermuch,butwe’vekeptwritingtoeachother.（陜西卷）Wehadtositatourdesksinsilenceand（）attentiontowhattheteachersweresaying.解析：sit和pay是并列關(guān)系，與hadto構(gòu)成謂語。（浙江卷）Atfirst,Icouldnottorunveryfastandfellbehind.解析：could是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，后接動(dòng)詞原形。（浙江卷）Iheadedforthecompany,feelingsureIwouldeasy（easily）finish300envelopesinfivehoursandtoearnthemoney.（重慶卷）However,everykindoftheChinesefoodisworthtrying,becauseeachhasadelicioustasteand^isgoodforhealth.解析：從句中and鏈接的兩個(gè)分句的謂語不同，不能省略，在good前面加is。）真題2007年（四川卷）Butassoonasthekangaroowere（was）free,itjumpedupandranawaywiththejacket.2008年（安徽卷）Oneday,whilemyfriendandIwas（were）travelingthroughGermany,wewerenotveryhungrybutweonlyhadalittlemoney.解析：主語myfriendandI是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞也應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。（陜西卷）JohnBrownisLondontaxidriverwho（loves）goingtothetheatre.解析：關(guān)系代詞who指代的先行詞driver是單數(shù)第三人稱，所以動(dòng)詞也用單數(shù)第三人稱形式。（四川卷）Assummervacation（is）comingsoon,myclassmatesaretryingveryhardly（hard）togettrainticketstogohome.（重慶卷）Withsuchstoriesit（）peoplethinkaboutlife,but（and）thereforeattractstheaudience.解析：it是句子的主語，謂語用單數(shù)第三人稱形式。2009年（全國I卷）Thereexist（exists）nowaparkthathasasmallriverrunningthrough.解析：這是一個(gè)倒裝語序，真實(shí)的主語是apark，為單數(shù)，所以謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)第三人稱形式。解析：it是單數(shù)，且描述的是實(shí)際發(fā)生的事情，不是虛擬語氣，謂語要用。（重慶卷）Forexample,Shanghaifood,alittlebitsweet,differ（differs）fromSichuanfoodthatisratherhot.解析：這句話的主語是food，是不可數(shù)名詞，謂語要用differs。非謂語動(dòng)詞）真題2007年（福建卷）ThoughIhaddifficultywalk（walking）backtomyclassroom.解析：havedifficulty(in)doingsth.意為做某事有……困難。（陜西卷）NowIreallyenjoystudy（studying）becauseI’mgrowingoldandknowwhatIwantit.解析：enjoy后接動(dòng)詞+ing形式作賓語。（重慶卷）Lastweekendwewentmountain-climbing.Eventheheavyraininthemorningcouldnotpreventusgo（）.（全國I卷）Ihaveoftendreamedof（talking）facetofacewithyou.解析：dream.ofsth./doingsth.夢(mèng)想做某事，其后跟名詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語。（寧夏、海南卷）Lookingforwardto（hearing）fromyousoon.解析：在lookforwardto中to是介詞，后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)要?jiǎng)用~形式。（四川延考卷）Ifyouwanttodoitgood（）,youneedtofindagooddancingteacherandtaking（take）lessonsregularly.That’s^whatIdidandIalsohadtotakeexamseverysixmonths.Now,I’vestoppedgo（going）tolessons.（重慶卷）Itisalsoawindow^through/fromwhichwecanlearnaboutAmericansociety.Andthere（）manymeaningfulthingsthatareworth（thinking）of,suchastherelationshipbetweenparentsandchildreninalotofAmericanfamily（families）.解析：beworthdoingsth.………。2009年（陜西卷）Heisnotlosinganytimefromschoolbecauseheisbusystudy（studying）whathehasmissedinclasses.解析：忙于做某事”bebusy(in)doingsth.。（浙江卷）Itwasalessontousthatitwaspossible^togivewithoutexpectexpecting）anythinginreturn.（重慶卷）I’mlookingforwardto（）youheresothatIcantellyoumoreaboutChinesefoodattable.解析：這里的to是介詞，要用動(dòng)名詞做介詞賓語meeting。）真題（全國I卷）I’dliketostaying（stay）thereforhalfamonth,visitingplace（places）ofinterestor（and）practicingmyEnglishaswell.解析：wouldliketodo喜歡做某事。wouldlike后跟名詞或動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語。（全國II卷）Inshort,Iwilldomybesttohelp（）theGamesasuccess.解析：help后接不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語。（安徽卷）Wedecided^tostopatavillagemarkettobuysomethingtoeat.解析：decide后接帶to的不定式作賓語。（安徽卷）Wethoughtthebiscuitsweregreat.“Let’sgot（get）somemore,”Isaid,“They’recheapandtheyreallytastewell（good）.”（遼寧卷）LastSaturday,theclassthatIwas（in）heldaget-together,whichtookusalongtime^toprepare.解析：花費(fèi)時(shí)間去做某事take…todo。Lastweekhismothergavehimtwoticketsforaplay.…Hewouldn’tgotoseeaplaythatnoonelikedit,sotwohoursbeforetheplaystarted,helefttheticket（tickets）onthebackseatofhistaxi,perhapssomeonewhowanted^toseetheplaywouldtakethem.解析：want后接帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語。（四川卷）Myparentshaveagreedtovisiting（）me,andIwillhaveadifferentvacation.解析：agreetodo同意做某事。agree后跟動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語。（四川延考卷）Dancing（is）notdifficult.Ifyouwanttodoitgood（,youneedtofindagooddancingteacherand（）lessonsregularly.解析：and連接兩個(gè)并列的非謂語動(dòng)詞，實(shí)際上是totake，這里避免重復(fù)省略to。2009年（全國I卷）Afterfiveyearsawayin（myhometown,IfindthattheneighborhoodwhichIusedtoliving（live）inhaschangedalot.解析：過去常常做某事（但現(xiàn)在不做了）：usedtodosth.。（全國II卷）SoIhelpedthemgoing（go）tothenearesthospital.解析：helpsb.dosth.幫助某人做某事。help后面接省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。（陜西卷）Hewaswalkingtoschooltheotherdaywhenheletabicycle（）rightintohim.解析：let后面接不帶to的不定式做賓語補(bǔ)足語，所以將ran改為run。（浙江卷）Itwasalessontousthatitwaspossible^togivewithoutexpectexpecting）anythinginreturn.解析：不定式在從句中做真正主句，不定式符號(hào)to不可以省略。）真題2007年（四川卷）Thefarmerwasworriedbecauseofhiswalletwasinthepocket.But,to（his）surprise,whenhegets（got）home,hesawtheanimalwaitingatthedoor,stillwore（wearing）hisjacketwiththewalletinthepocket.解析：前后句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整，still后應(yīng)用非謂語動(dòng)詞，所以用wearing。（重慶卷）Wecouldhearthesoundoftherainandourfootstepsmixing（）withourlaughter.解析：footsteps與mix是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞。（遼寧卷）Weallenjoyedthispreciousdaygreatly,remember（remembering）thetimewespenttogetherandthepeoplethey（）werefamiliarwith.解析：現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。（陜西卷）Myclassmate,Joseph,isatpresentinhospitalwithabreaking（）leg.解析：非謂語動(dòng)詞做定語，與所修飾詞是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，要用過去分詞broken。語態(tài)真題2007年（天津卷）HepulledmeasideandtoldmethatheknewIcoulddobetter.Hepermitted^metoretakethetest,andIwaspulledmygradetoanA.th（全國II卷）IfIhavethehonortobechosechosen）toworkforthe29OlympicGames,IwillatfirstimprovemyEnglishsothatIcantalkeasilyabout（with/to）foreignvisitors.解析：動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式，應(yīng)該使用過去分詞。（天津卷）Oneday,theschoolheld^aparty,whereI^wasinvitedtotalkaboutTianjin.解析：我被邀請(qǐng)講述一下天津，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)。2009年（全國IThemarketatthecornerofFriendshipStreetandXinhuaRoadhasbeengivenwaytoasupermarket.（全國II卷）I（meant）togiveitbacktoyoubeforefourintheafternoon，andbut）Iwas（held）uponmywayback.解析：holdup阻礙，耽擱，這里我是被耽擱，所以要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。名名詞的數(shù)真題2007年（全國I卷）Ilookedathisotherhands（.“ButGrandpa,t）doyouhavemorelinesonthatone?”解析：other表示另外（一個(gè)）人只有兩只手，所以另外是一只手，用單數(shù)。（全國II卷）Itwillbelotsoffunforpracticingoutintheplaygroundintheafternoonwiththe（）aroundusallredandyellowandeverybodylaughingandshouting.解析：根據(jù)后面的“aroundus”可知不是特指具體某棵樹，所以需要用thetrees，不能用thetree。（安徽卷）Atthes）ItravelintoNottinghameverydaytotheshopswhere）Iwork.解析：atthemoment是固定搭配，當(dāng)時(shí)的意思，不能用。Threeplate（plates）werealreadyonthetablewhenthemanclosesttomepointing（pointed）tooneplateandaskedmethenameofthefishonit.解析：根據(jù)前面的數(shù)詞three可判斷出plate要用復(fù)數(shù)。（寧夏、海南卷）Threeyearsago,LiMeng’sparentsinvitedI）tospend（或）wonderfulweek（或weeks）inQingdaowiththemduringthesummerholiday.解析：week是可數(shù)名詞，要么變成復(fù)數(shù)，要么two改為。（陜西卷）Personally,Ifoundmostlesson（lessons）ratheruninteresting.解析：most后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。（四川卷）AnAustralianfarmerfoundthe（）kangaroocaughtinthefencearoundhisfarms（）.解析：用圍欄圍起來的應(yīng)該是一個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng)，所以用單數(shù)形式。（天津卷）InGradeEightItookphysics.InonetestIget（got）only36percentoftheanswer（answers）correct.解析：根據(jù)前面的36%可知答案不止是一個(gè)，所以應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)，answer改為answers。（重慶卷）On（either/each）sideoftheroadweregreenfieldsandsomefarmhouse（）.2008年（全國I卷）I’dliketostaying（）thereforhalfamonth,visitingplace（places）ofinterestor（and）practicingmyEnglishaswell.解析：placesofinterest風(fēng)景名勝屬于固定結(jié)構(gòu)，place要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。（全國IIThird,sinceI（）familiarwithBeijing,Icanhelpvisitorsfindtheirways（way）inthecity.解析：在固定短語findone’sway中，way不用復(fù)數(shù)形式。（福建卷）Bothmyparent（parents）missyoualot.解析：從Both確定應(yīng)該是雙親，要用復(fù)數(shù)。（遼寧卷）Itwasapity（that）someofuswerenotpresentastheyhadgoneabroadforfurtherstudies,buttheycalledbackorsentgreeting（cards）fromdifferentplaces.sent…fromdifferentplaces，從不同的地方發(fā)過來，所以賀卡不止一張，要用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。Morethan1000painting（paintings）willbeonshow,tand）highschoolstudentsandteachersfromalltheeightdistrictswillcometotheevent.解析：painting為可數(shù)名詞，既然是1000多幅，要用復(fù)數(shù)。Lastweekhismothergavehimtwoticketsforaplay.…Hewouldn’tgotoseeaplaythatnoonelikedit,sotwohoursbeforetheplaystarted,heleftthe（）onthebackseatofhistaxi,perhapssomeonewhowanted^toseetheplaywouldtakethem.解析：前面提到是兩張票，這里應(yīng)用是復(fù)數(shù)。（四川卷）ButIhavemadeupmyminds（）tospendthevacationfarfromhomefor^thefirsttimeinmylife.解析：makeupone’smindmind要與前面主語保持一致，即主語是單數(shù)，mind用單數(shù)；主語是復(fù)數(shù)，mind則用復(fù)數(shù)。（天津卷）Ihadmanywonderful（experiences）,butIalsohadasadone.解析：通過many及asadone可判斷此處experience為經(jīng)歷可數(shù)名詞，many后要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。（浙江卷）Ilearnedfrommyteacherthatanearbycompanywaslooking（）studentswithgoodhandwritingtowriteaddresseson（envelopes）.解析：寫信封上的地址是復(fù)數(shù)，說明不只是一封信，所以應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。（重慶卷）Itisalsoawindow^through/fromwhichwecanlearnaboutAmericansociety.Andthere（）manymeaningfulthingsthatareworththinkthinking）of,suchastherelationshipbetweenparentsandchildreninalotofAmericanfamily（）.解析：alot許多，后面接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。2009年（全國II卷）SoIhelpedthemgoing（go）tothenearesthospital.Istayedhere（there）foroneandahalf（）andmadesurethatthegirlwasallright.解析：一個(gè)半小時(shí)，hour應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)形式hours。（寧夏、海南卷）TherearetwogirlsfrommycoursehereandIplantomakefriend（friends）withthemsothatwecanhelpeachotheron（with）thecoursework.解析：（與……）交朋友，makefriendswith，固定用法。（遼寧卷）WhenIwasinhighschool,mostofmyfriend（friends）hadbicycles.解析：most意味“……中的多數(shù)，所以of后面應(yīng)接表示復(fù)數(shù)的名詞，要將friend給為friends。（陜西卷）Somefriendsofhisgotoseehimeveryday,^andtheytakehimlotsofgoodbook（）andfreshfruit.解析：lotsof“很多，后面被修飾的名詞要用復(fù)數(shù)books。Thesecondmanpointedtohisglass（glasses）andaskediftheangelcouldcureher（his）pooreyesight.解析：根據(jù)后面的pooreyesight，可以判斷出前面glass實(shí)際上要表示的是眼鏡，要改成。（浙江卷）OnerainydaywhileIwaswalkinghomewithoneofmyfriend（friends）,atruckcametoastopbesides（beside）us.解析：oneof…“……中的一個(gè)，后面要接名詞復(fù)數(shù)friends。SincetherestaurantinChinausuallyservesspecialdish（）ofdifferentareas,youcanenjoyvariousChinesefoodswhenever（wherever）youare.解析：不同地區(qū)的菜，不是一種，dish要用復(fù)數(shù)形式dishes。名詞所有格真題2007年（寧夏、海南卷）IfirstmetLiMengata（friend’sbirthdaypartyfiveyearsago.解析：afriend’sbirthdayparty表示一個(gè)朋友的生日聚會(huì)birthday前要用名詞的所有格。2008年2009年無無名詞辨析真題無（四川卷）Ihavedecidedtobuythemsomenicegifts.Itwillbeabigsurprising（）forthem.解析：Itwillbeabigsurprisingforthem是一個(gè)主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，從句子結(jié)構(gòu)來看，應(yīng)用名詞作表語，surprising是形容詞，名詞是surprise。2009年無冠詞漏用真題2007年（全國II卷）Imeanttowrite^alongletterandtellyouallthethingsI’mdoingatschool,butthebell（is）ringing,soIjusthavetostophere.（安徽卷）I’meighteenyearsoldandIlivein^asmallvillageinthePeakDistrict,notfarfromNottingham.解析：由于village是可數(shù)名詞，所以要加不定冠詞，加在形容詞small的前面。（福建卷）As^aresult,thehurtinmyfootbecameworse.（陜西卷）Aretheyearsyouspentatschool^thebestyearsofyourlife?解析：best是形容詞的最高級(jí)，所以要在前面加定冠詞the。（重慶卷）Atnoonwereachedthetopofthemountain.ThatWhat）surprisedusmosttherewasthebeautyof^thescenes.解析：這里是特指山上的景色,所以要加上定冠詞the。2008年（全國II卷）Second,Iwilllearnmoreabout^thehistoryoftheOlympicsasgood（）asthe2008OlympicGames.（福建卷）MyhouseisaboutthreekilometersfarawayfromtheNationalStadium,alsoknownasthe“Bird’sNest”,where^theopeningceremonywillbeheld.解析：此處應(yīng)該是特指2008年奧運(yùn)會(huì)開幕式。IamsecretaryofCityStudentUnion(CSU).Wewere（are）organizinganartexhibitionforhighschoolstudentin^thecity.解析：這里的城市我所在的城市，要加定冠詞。ButIhavemadeupmyminds（mind）tospendthevacationfarfromhomefor^thefirsttimeinmylife.解析：序數(shù)詞前要用定冠詞修飾。forthefirsttimeinmylife我一身中第一次。（天津卷）Oneday,theschoolheld^aparty,whereI^wasinvitedtotalkaboutTianjin.解析：可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，泛指加。（浙江卷）Lastwintervacation,someofmyclassmatesdecide（decided）totravelwiththeirfriends,whileIchosetotake^apart-timejobtogainexperienceandearnsomemoney.解析：takeapart-timejob，做兼職，固定搭配。2009年（全國I卷）ThefactoryatthecomerofFriendshipStreetandZhongshanRoadhasbeenmovedoutofthecity,and^asportscenterhasbeenbuiltintheir（its）place.解析：后面謂語是單數(shù)形式，所以這里表示的是一個(gè)體育中心，名詞前要加不定冠詞。（全國II卷）JustbeforeIturned^thecornerofParkStreet,Ihappenedtoseeanaccident.解析：這里特指“ParkStreet”的轉(zhuǎn)角，所以要加定冠詞the。冠詞誤用a。真題2007年（遼寧卷）OnedayintherestaurantwhereIworked,Iam（）servingatableoffourandeachpersonhadordered（）differentkindoffish.解析：differentkindoffish表示泛指,所以要用不定冠詞a，表示一種不同的魚。（四川卷）AnAustralianfarmerfound（）kangaroocaughtinthefencearoundhisfarms（farm）.解析：本句的kangaroo不是特指，所以應(yīng)該用不定冠詞a。無（四川卷）Threemenwerefishingwhen（）angelappearedintheboatwiththem.解析：由于前面沒有提到，不是特指，這里不能用定冠詞。（浙江卷）Thedriverputthewindowdownandofferedus（）umbrellabecausehefoundwewerewetthrough.解析：umbrella讀音的第一個(gè)音是元音，前面的不定冠詞要用an。多余冠詞真題2007年（全國I卷）“Becausetherearemorethehonorsandjoysinmylife.”解析：不是特指，所以復(fù)數(shù)前不用定冠詞the。2008年（遼寧卷）Itwasindeednoteasytogetinthetouchwitheverybodyandsetawell（good）timeforallofus.解析：getintouchwith和取得聯(lián)系,保持聯(lián)系。（陜西卷）Inthefact,therewerefourticketsontheseat.解析：infact為固定短語。（重慶卷）TheplaytellshumorousstoriesthathappenintheGreen’sfamily.解析：在某人的家中：在姓氏后加所有格，前面不加定冠詞。如：在史密斯家中inSmith’sfamily;在李雷家atLiLei’shouse。2009年（重慶卷）However,everykindoftheChinesefoodisworthtrying,becauseeachhasadelicioustasteand^isgoodforhealth.解析：這里Chinesefood是泛指，不需要加定冠詞。形容詞和副詞句法功能混淆（形容詞常作定語和表語；副詞常作狀語）真題2007年（全國II卷）I’mlittleofcourse,butterriblyquickandbravely（）.解析：terribly是副詞,修飾形容詞,所以bravely應(yīng)該改成brave,和quick一樣用形容詞。（福建卷）Iwasingreatly（great）painatthatmoment,butItriedtoactasifnothinghas（had）happeneduntiltheclasswasover.解析：因?yàn)閜ain是名詞，所以應(yīng)該用形容詞來修飾而不能用副詞，副詞用來修飾動(dòng)詞或形LiMengandIlovedwalkingalongthebeautifully（）beachesthere.解析：beautiful是形容詞，修飾名詞beaches，副詞不修飾名詞。（重慶卷）Settingoffveryearly,wewentalongan（extremely）narrowroad,allinhighspirits.解析：narrow是形容詞,應(yīng)該用副詞來修飾,所以應(yīng)該把extreme改為extremely。2008年（安徽卷）Wethoughtthebiscuitsweregreat.“Let’sgot（get）somemore,”Isaid,“They’recheapandtheyreallytastewell（）.”解析：taste是系動(dòng)詞，后接形容詞作表語。（遼寧卷）Itwasindeednoteasytogetinthetouchwitheverybodyandsetawell（good）timeforallofus.（寧夏、海南卷）Asyouarevery（）withusChinesehighschoolstudents,we’dliketoinviteforyoutotheexhibition.（陜西卷）ThenJohnreadsomereviewsoftheplay,whichallsaiditwasaterribly（）one!（四川延考卷）Dancing（is）notdifficult.Ifyouwanttodoit（well,youneedtofindagooddancingteacherandtaking（take）lessonsregularly.解析：修飾動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該使用副詞。（天津卷）AfterthattheyaskedmealotofthingsaboutChina.ButIcouldn’texplainthemwith（in）Englishclearly.Ifeltsadly（）.（天津卷）IhavealreadystudiedEnglishforeightyears,^but/and/yetIcan’tuseitverygood解析：應(yīng)用副詞修飾動(dòng)詞。（浙江卷）Iheadedforthecompany,feelingsureIwouldeasy（）finish300envelopesinfivehoursandtoearnthemoney.2009年（寧夏、海南卷）Everyoneelseseemsveryniceand（）here.解析：warmly是副詞，這里作表語要用其對(duì)應(yīng)的形容詞warm。（陜西卷）Hehasacomfortableroom,patiently（）nurses,andagreatdealoftimetoread.（四川卷）“I’mondisabilitypay!Idon’twanttobeanormally（）person!”解析：作名詞的定語要用形容詞normal，副詞不能作定語。（浙江卷）Themaninsisted,soIgrateful（gratefully）acceptedtheoffer,thankedhimandwatchedthetruckdisappeardowntheroad.解析：修飾動(dòng)詞要用副詞gratefully。（重慶卷）Thefoodinoneareacanbeeasy（easily）toldfromthatinanother.解析：修飾told要用副詞形式。易混形容詞、副詞辨析真題2007年（全國I卷）ThenIask（asked）him,“Grandpa,howcomeyouhavesomuch（）linesonyourhand?”解析：line是可數(shù)名詞,所以用many修飾,much修飾不可數(shù)名詞。（全國I卷）Ilookedathisotherhands（hand.“ButGrandpa,what（why）doyouhavemorelinesonthatone?”解析：根據(jù)后面的答語中的because，可以推知問句應(yīng)該問的是原因，疑問代詞要用。FromSeptember,（however,I’mgoingtostayinNottinghamby（with）myauntandunclewhenmycousinjoinsintheNavy.解析：根據(jù)前后兩句的意思，前半句是需要坐公交車來回跑，從9月開始就住在叔叔家，所以是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。（遼寧卷）Iwasabouttoanswerhimwhile（when）Inoticedthatthelastplateonmy托盤)begantofall.（It）fellnoisilytothefloorseconds（,spreadingitscontentsonthecarpet.（陜西卷）Ireadbooksatthepubliclibrary,and（）Idecidedtoattendcollege.解析：late表示晚；later意為后來，用于表示動(dòng)作的先后順序。（天津卷）InGradeEightItookphysics.InonetestIget（got）only36percentoftheanswer（answers）correct.Ifailedthenextone,（）.解析：either是否定句中的也，而本句是肯定句（雖然用fail表示否定的意思），所以用too。（天津卷）ThisiswhatIdiscovered:justbecauseasubjectis（difficult）tolearn,Itdoesnotmeanyouarenotgoodatit.解析：應(yīng)該用形容詞作表語,而不是名詞。（重慶卷）On（）sideoftheroadweregreenfieldsandsomefarmhouse（houses）.解析：注意every和each的差別,each強(qiáng)調(diào)各別、各個(gè),而every強(qiáng)調(diào)全部、都,另外街道是兩邊,所以用either()也是可以的。2008年（全國I卷）Myfatherwassopleasing（pleased/happy）thathesuggestedIgotoEnglandforaholiday.…要用動(dòng)詞的ed…用動(dòng)詞的ing形式。bepleased/happywith對(duì)…感到高興/滿意。（全國II卷）Second,Iwilllearnmoreabout^thehistoryoftheOlympicsasgood（well）asthe2008OlympicGames.（安徽卷）Shelookedatitandstartedtolaugh,“（）areyoulaughing?”Iasked.“Becausethey’redogbiscuits!”Shesaid.解析：用后文Because可知前面問的是原因，要用疑問副詞。（福建卷）Iamveryexciting（excited）tolearnthatyou’recomingtoBeijingfortheOlympic.解析：主語是人應(yīng)用excited來修飾。（福建卷）AugustisthebesttimeoftheyeartovisitBeijing,becauseofthereisonlyafew（little）rainandtheweatherisneithertoohotnortoocold.解析：afew修飾可數(shù)名詞，alittlerainlittle。（四川卷）Assummervacation（is）comingsoon,myclassmatesaretryingveryhardly（）togettrainticketstogohome.解析：hard可以做副詞表示，hardly則表示幾乎不”。（天津卷）IhopeIcanbeabridgebetweenChinaand（）countriesinthefuture.解析：others其余的人(或物)，名詞性代詞，不可修飾名詞；other其他的，形容詞。（重慶卷）TheStoryaboutGrowthismyfavoriteAmericanTVplaybecauseitisveryinterested（interesting）.解析：說明事物的特征，常用interesting表示令人感興趣的，interested前一半主語是人。2009年（全國IISoIhelpedthem（go）tothenearesthospital.Istayed（there）foroneandahalfhourhours）andmadesurethatthegirlwasallright.here指代前面“thenearesthospital”那兒”——there。（遼寧卷）Myfatherwaspleased（when）Ishowedhimthemoneyamonth（.解析：after是介詞，用在時(shí)間之前；在時(shí)間之后，表示“……之后要用later。等級(jí)使用錯(cuò)誤真題2007年（全國II卷）Thesearethehappier（happiest）girlsI’veeverseenandI’mthehappiestin（）all!（浙江卷）Allthestudentsontheplaygroundcheer（cheered）meon,“Comeon!”IwassoencouragedthatIranfasterand（）tillIcaughtup^withalltheotherrunners.解析：runfasterandfaster表示跑得越來越快，所以要把fast改為。無（全國I卷）TheSichuanRestaurantandthe（）fishshopacrossthestreetfromourmiddleschoolwere（）gone.（陜西卷）Thedoctorsaysheisrecovering（）thanexpectedandwillbeoutofhospital^in/withinafewweeks.解析：醫(yī)生說他恢復(fù)得比想象中的快要用比較級(jí)faster。多余形容詞、副詞真題無（福建卷）MyhouseisaboutthreekilometersfarawayfromtheNationalStadium,alsoknownasthe“Bird’sNest”,where^theopeningceremonywillbeheld.解析：前面有具體的數(shù)字，后面不用加。（四川卷）Whenthey（come）here,Iwillshowthemaroundmyuniversityandthecityjustaswell.解析：我要帶他們?nèi)⒂^我的大學(xué)和大學(xué)所在的城市?！盿swell也，是固定結(jié)構(gòu)。（四川延考卷）Youaskedinyourlastletteraboutmysparetimeactivities.Well,Ilikemuchmorethanone,suchaspaintingandmodelmaking,so（but/and）myfavoriteisdancing.解析：muchmore詞組是更加”余活動(dòng)）不止一項(xiàng)（morethanone），much是多余的。2009年（遼寧卷）YoucanimaginehowmuchhappyIwaswhenIrodetoschoolonmyownbicycle.解析：這里how多么”；而howmuch表示多少”，后面接不可數(shù)名詞。代詞指代錯(cuò)誤真題（全國II卷）Whiletheothersarejumpingaboutintheair,Icanrunundermy（）legsandgettheball.解析：人不能在自己腿下跑,所以是在別人跳起時(shí)在別人腿下?lián)尩角颉＃ǜ＝ň恚￤ecantellothersourneedforhelpandaccept（）help.解析：由于接受的是他人(others)的幫助，所以物主代詞應(yīng)該用their。（遼寧卷）Iwasabouttoanswerhimwhile（when）Inoticedthatthelastplateonmy托盤)begantofall.（）fellnoisilytothefloorseconds（later,spreadingitscontentsonthecarpet.（四川卷）Thefarmerwasworriedbecauseofhiswalletwasinthepocket.But,to（）surprise,whenhegets（got）home,hesawtheanimalwaitingatthedoor,stillwore（）hisjacketwiththewalletinthepocket.2008年（全國II卷）Finally,Ishouldbeabletotellvisitorsaboutourhistoryandcultureandshowthem（）greatachievements.（安徽卷）Wechoose（）thecheapestbiscuitsandateit（）underatree.Wethoughtthebiscuitsweregreat.（遼寧卷）Weallenjoyedthispreciousdaygreatly,rremembering）thetimewespenttogetherandthepeople（we）werefamiliarwith.解析：（我們）記得我們?cè)谝黄鸲冗^的時(shí)光和我們熟悉的人們，這里的應(yīng)該用。Asyouareverypopularlypopular）withusChinesehighschoolstudents,we’dliketoinviteforyoutotheexhibition.Wewouldbegratefulwhen（）youcouldjointhem（us）thatday.解析：根據(jù)上下文，這是一份邀請(qǐng)函，應(yīng)是加入到我們之中。2009年（全國IThefactoryatthecornerofFriendshipStreetandZhongshanRoadhasbeenmovedoutofthecity,and^asportscenterhasbeenbuiltin（its）place.解析：根據(jù)句意在工廠原來的位置，已經(jīng)建起了一個(gè)體育中心。這里的代詞指代的是the，單數(shù)，所以要用its。（遼寧卷）Iaskedmyfather^forthemoney.Buthesaidhecouldonlygivemehalfofthemoney.（）shouldfindtheotherhalfmyself.解析：我向父親要錢，但是他只能給我一半錢，我需要自己找另一半。根據(jù)句意，這里的主語應(yīng)該是我。Thesecondmanpointedtohisglass（glasses）andaskediftheangelcouldcureher（）pooreyesight.解析：這里指代的是thesecond，男性，應(yīng)該用his。代詞辨析真題2007年（全國I卷）Iwasonlyaboutsixtwhen）heheldhishandouttome.Itookitinme（）andwewalked.（寧夏、海南卷）Threeyearsago,LiMeng’sparentsinvited（）tospendtwo（或）wonderful（或）inQingdaowiththemduringthesummerholiday.解析：invited后接人稱代詞的賓格。2008年（福建卷）Whenyoucome,youcanstaywithourselves（）.Wewere）organizinganartexhibitionforhighschoolstudentin^thecity.thThis（It）willbeheldonthe9ofJulyintheExhibitionHallofBeihai.解析：this不能指代前句提到的名詞，要用it來代指上文剛提到anartexhibition。（四川卷）Myparentshavedonealotforme,andIthinkitishightimethatIdidanything（something）specialtoexpressmythanks.解析：anything作某事物意思時(shí)，一般用于否定句、疑問句或條件句中，肯定句中用something。（浙江卷）Gettingoutoftheclassroomisindeednecessaryforwe（）all.（重慶卷）Itisquitedifferentfromthose（that）inChina.Theplayisverypopular.2009年I’mgladtosaythatanything（everything）hasworkedoutfineinthedorm.解析：anything指任意一件事”，通過句意理解這里指的是所有的事情，所以應(yīng)該用everything。I’mgoingtoattendmine（）firstlessonthisafternoon,for（so）I’vegotsomeprep