2017年中考英語《被動(dòng)語態(tài)》復(fù)習(xí)課件

4、掌握被動(dòng)語態(tài)的特殊用法教學(xué)目標(biāo)1、掌握被動(dòng)語態(tài)的定義及其構(gòu)成2、掌握被動(dòng)語態(tài)在各種時(shí)態(tài)中的運(yùn)用3、掌握主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)的互變第一頁，編輯于星期一：十點(diǎn)二十六分?；A(chǔ)知識(shí)一、被動(dòng)語態(tài)概述語態(tài)是動(dòng)詞的一種形式，用以說明主語與謂語動(dòng)詞之間的關(guān)系。英語的語態(tài)共有兩種：主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)。主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的承受者。被動(dòng)語態(tài)是動(dòng)詞的一種特殊形式，一般說來，只有需要?jiǎng)幼鲗?duì)象的及物動(dòng)詞才有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。漢語往往用“被”、“受”、“給”等詞來表示被動(dòng)意義第二頁，編輯于星期一：十點(diǎn)二十六分。2.被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成：被字句：主語+be+動(dòng)詞過去分詞(v-ed)+bysb.我打他Ibeathim.(打過了)他被我打Hewasbeatenbyme.他喜歡她Helikesher.她被他喜歡Sheislikedbyhim.(am/is/are).被動(dòng)語態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)是由be動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)決定的，be動(dòng)詞是什么時(shí)態(tài)，全句就是什么時(shí)態(tài)，be動(dòng)詞后面的過去分詞不變。第三頁，編輯于星期一：十點(diǎn)二十六分。主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)的方法：WespeakEnglish.（主動(dòng)語態(tài)）主語謂語賓語Englishisspoken

byus.（被動(dòng)語態(tài)）主語謂語賓語賓變主，主變賓，前加by動(dòng)變被，看清be，結(jié)構(gòu)分別be+pp123第四頁，編輯于星期一：十點(diǎn)二十六分。主動(dòng)語態(tài)be的謂語形式總結(jié)(1)主+am/is/are…主+am/is/are+being主+will+be…主+hasbeen…Heisaleader.Heisbeinghere.Hewillbealeader.Hehasbeenaleader.第五頁，編輯于星期一：十點(diǎn)二十六分。主動(dòng)語態(tài)be的謂語形式總結(jié)(2)主+was/were…主+was/were+being主+would+be…主+hadbeen…Hewasaleader.Hewasbeingherejustnow.Hewouldbealeader.Hehadbeenaleaderseveralyearsago.第六頁，編輯于星期一：十點(diǎn)二十六分。各種時(shí)態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu):一般現(xiàn)在時(shí):is/am/aredone一般將來時(shí)：willbedone現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：is/am/arebeingdone現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：have/hasbeendone一般過去時(shí)：was/weredone過去將來時(shí)：would/shouldbedone過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：was/werebeingdone過去完成時(shí)：hadbeendone含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+done第七頁，編輯于星期一：十點(diǎn)二十六分。被動(dòng)語態(tài):主+be+過去分詞+(bysb)1.Heeatstheapple.2.Heatetheapple.3.Heiseatingtheapple.4.Hewaseatingtheapple.5.Hewilleattheapple.6.Hewouldeattheapple.7.Hehaseatentheapple.8.Hehadeatentheapple.1.Theappleiseatenbyhim.2.Theapplewaseatenbyhim.3.Theappleisbeingeatenbyhim.4.Theapplewasbeingeatenbyhim.5.Theapplewillbeeatenbyhim.6.Theapplewouldbeeatenbyhim.7.Theapplehasbeeneatenbyhim.8.Theapplehadbeeneatenbyhim.第八頁，編輯于星期一：十點(diǎn)二十六分。三、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)他兒子一定照顧這個(gè)人。Hissonmusttakecareoftheperson.這個(gè)人一定要由他兒子照顧=即這個(gè)人一定照顧由他兒子。Thepersonmustbetakencareofbyhisson.含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的句子變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面直接加上be動(dòng)詞即可。構(gòu)成：主語+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(can,may,must)+be(永遠(yuǎn)是原形)+過去分詞+bysb.第九頁，編輯于星期一：十點(diǎn)二十六分。1.Youmustdothisassoonaspossible.2.Icanuseit.3.Youshouldbuyadictionary.4.Theyneedlookafterthelittlechild.5.Wecanchangewaterintoice.1.Thismustbedoneassoonaspossible(byyou).2.Itcanbeused.3.Adictionaryshouldbebought(byyou).4.Thelittlechildneedbelookedafter(bythem).5.Watercanbechangedintoice.第十頁，編輯于星期一：十點(diǎn)二十六分。沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)的幾種情況(1).所有的不及物動(dòng)詞或不及物動(dòng)詞詞組不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)之中。

這類動(dòng)詞或短語如：takeplace(發(fā)生)，happen(發(fā)生)，die,end(vi.結(jié)束),fail,lie,cometruee.g:Thestoryhappenedin1990.e.g:Hisdreamhascometrue.e.g:Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinourhometownduringthepasttenyears.

第十一頁，編輯于星期一：十點(diǎn)二十六分。(2)系動(dòng)詞無被動(dòng)語態(tài)：be,become,fall,feel,get,grow,keep,look,seem,smell,sound,taste,Thepieceofmusicsoundsgood.聽起來很好。Thecaketastesdelicious.第十二頁，編輯于星期一：十點(diǎn)二十六分。被動(dòng)語態(tài)中幾個(gè)要注意的問題：1、使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)在主動(dòng)語態(tài)中，使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞后都是接動(dòng)詞原形，而在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中需接動(dòng)詞不定式。e.g:Thegreatnewsmadeherfeelhappy.→shewasmadetofeelhappybythegreatnews.Iheardhersinginherroomafewminutesago.→Shewasheardtosinginherroomafewminutesago.第十三頁，編輯于星期一：十點(diǎn)二十六分。2、含有雙賓語的動(dòng)詞在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)

有些雙賓動(dòng)詞(如buy,give,leave,lend,offer,pay,show,teach,tell等)在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，既可把間接賓語(指人)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的主語，而把直接賓語(指事物)保留下來(稱為保留賓語)，也可把直接賓語(指事物)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的主語，而把間接賓語改為介詞to或for引起的狀語(到底用to還是for，與所搭配的動(dòng)詞有關(guān))。比較：

Hegavehersomemoney.他給她一些錢。

→Shewasgivensomemoney.

→Somemoneywasgiventohim.

Heboughtherawatch.他給她買了一快表。

→Awatchwasboughtforher.

→Shewasboughtawatch.第十四頁，編輯于星期一：十點(diǎn)二十六分。3、一些動(dòng)詞短語用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞短語應(yīng)當(dāng)看作一個(gè)整體，而不能丟掉其中的介詞或副詞。Helistenstotheradioeveryday.→Theradioislistenedtobyhimeveryday.Thenurseistakingcareofthesickman.→Thesickmanisbeingtakencareofbythenurse.第十五頁，編輯于星期一：十點(diǎn)二十六分?；A(chǔ)練習(xí)題()1.ThePeople'sRepublicofChina___onOctober1,1949.A.foundB.wasfoundedC.isfoundedD.wasfound()2.English____inCanada.A.speaksB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isspoken()3.ThisEnglishsong___bythegirlsafterclass.A.oftensingsB.oftensangC.isoftensangD.isoftensungBDD第十六頁，編輯于星期一：十點(diǎn)二十六分。()4.Thiskindofcar___inJapan.A.makesB.madeC.ismakingD.ismade()5Newcomputers___allovertheworld.A.isusedB.areusingC.areusedD.haveused()6.Ourroommust___clean.A.keepB.bekeptC.tobekeptD.tokeepDCB第十七頁，編輯于星期一：十點(diǎn)二十六分。()7.Anewhouse___atthecorneroftheroad.A.isbuildingB.isbeingbuiltC.beenbuiltD.bebuilding()8.Thekey___onthetablewhenIleave.A.wasleftB.willbeleftC.isleftD.hasbeenleft()9.Hisnewbook___nextmonth.A.willbepublishedB.ispublishingC.isbeingpublishedD.hasbeenpublishedBCA第十八頁，編輯于星期一：十點(diǎn)二十六分。()10.Theflowers___often.A.mustbewaterB.mustbewateredC.mustwateredD.mustwaterB第十九頁，編輯于星期一：十點(diǎn)二十六分。提高練習(xí)題1.Theoldbridgeinmyhometown___nextmonth.A.isgoingtoberebuiltB.willrebuiltC.aregoingtoberebuiltD.aregoingtorebuilt2.Theplay___atthetheatrenextSunday.A.isgoingtobeshownB.willshownC.willshowD.isshownAA第二十頁，編輯于星期一：十點(diǎn)二十六分。3.Nowthesemagazines___inthelibraryforalongtime.A.havekeptB.arekeepingC.havebeenkeepingD.havebeenkept4.-I'dliketobuythatcoat.-I'msorry.___.A.itsoldB.it'ssellingC.It'sbeensoldD.ithadbeensoldDC第二十一頁，編輯于星期一：十點(diǎn)二十六分。5.Thesepapers___yet.A.havenotwrittenB.havenotbeenwrittenC.hasnotwrittenD.hasnotbeenwritten6.Thesportsmeet___behelduntilnextweek.A.didn'tB.won'tC.isn'tD.doesn't7.Thebooksmay___fortwoweeks.A.bekeptB.beborrowedC.keepD.borrowBBA第二十二頁，編輯于星期一：十點(diǎn)二十六分。8.Thebrokenbike____herebyMrSmith.A.canmendB.canmendedC.canbemendD.canbemended9.Tea___inthesouthofChina.(多)A.growsB.isgrownC.weregrownD.willgrow10.Oldpeoplemust___.A.lookafterwellB.belookedwellafterC.lookedwellafterD.belookedafterwellDBD第二十三頁，編輯于星期一：十點(diǎn)二十六分。11.Newly-bornbabies___inhospital.A.aretakengoodcareB.aretakengoodcareofC.takegoodcareofD.takegoodcare12.I___fiveminutestodecidewhetherIshouldgoornot.A.amgivenB.wasbeengivingC.hadgivenD.wasgiven13.Shewill____goodcare____.A.take;ofB.betaken;ofC.take;foryouD.betaken;ofyouBDB第二十四頁，編輯于星期一：十點(diǎn)二十六分。14.Theteachermadehim___hishomework.A.todoB.doC.didD.done15.Thesechildren____dance.A.wereseentoB.wereseenforC.wereseenD.sawto16.Thebike___500yuan.A.wascostB.costedC.costD.iscostedBAC第二十五頁，編輯于星期一：十點(diǎn)二十六分。17.Theimportantmeeting___onacoldmorninglastyear.A.washadB.washeldC.heldD.had18.Greatchanges___inthepasttenyearsinChina.A.tookplacetoB.havetakenplaceC.weretakingplaceD.hadtakenplaceBD第二十六頁，編輯于星期一：十點(diǎn)二十六分。19.Themedicine______inadryandcoolplace.

A.keep

B.mustkeep

C.mustbekeptD.mustbekeep

C第二十七頁，編輯于星期一：十點(diǎn)二十六分。練習(xí)題1.Somebody___Jackphonedwhileyouwereout.A.tocallB.callingC.beingcalledD.called2.Thesewalls___stone.A.aremadeofB.madeofC.aremadeintoD.madeinto3.Jane___tosingusanAmericansonglastSaturday.A.calledB.wasaskedC.toldD.wassaid第二十八頁，編輯于星期一：十點(diǎn)二十六分。4.Thecoat___hersister.A.madetoB.weremadeforC.wasmadeforD.wasmadeto5.Pleasepassmeanothercup.This