現(xiàn)代大學英語聽力3原文unit1-unit5

Unit1Task1【答案】A.unusual,whatever,escape,traditions,present,grey,moulded,shape,hereB.AChronicleofCambridge’sEarlyYearsYearsEvents1209SeveralhundredstudentsandscholarsarrivedinCambridgefromOxford.1284Peterhouse,theoldestcollegeinCambridge,wasfounded.1440KingHenryⅥfoundedKing’sCollege.C.Studentswereforbiddentoplaygames,tosing(exceptsacredmusic),tohuntorfishoreventodance.Whenpeoplewentanywhereonavisit,theprettyEnglishgirlsallkissedthem.Erasmus,Bacon,Milton,Cromwell,andNewton(orWordsworth,Byron,Tennyson,etc.)【原文】MycomingtoCambridgehasbeenanunusualexperience.FromwhatevercountryonecomesasastudentonecannotescapetheinfluenceoftheCambridgetraditionsandtheygobacksofar!Here,perhaps,morethananywhereelse,Ihavefeltatoneandthesametimethepast,thepresentandeventhefutureIt.’seasytoseeintheoldgreystonebuildingshowthepastmouldedthepresentandhowthepresentisgivingshapetothefuture.Soletmetellyoualittleofwhatthisuniversitytownlookslikeandhowitcametobehereatall.ThestoryoftheUniversitybegan,sofarasIknow,in1209whenseveralhundredstudentsandscholarsarrivedinthelittletownofCambridgeafterhavingwalked60milesfromOxford.Ofcoursetherewerenocollegesinthoseearlydaysandstudentlifewasverydifferentfromwhatitisnow.Studentswereofallagesandcamefromanywhereandeverywhere.Theywerearmed;someevenbandedtogethertorobthepeopleofthecountryside.Graduallytheideaofthecollegedeveloped,andin1284,Peterhouse,theoldestcollegeinCambridge,wasfounded.Lifeincollegewasstrict;studentswereforbiddentoplaygames,tosing(exceptsacredmusic),tohuntorfishoreventodance.BookswereveryscarceandallthelessonswereintheLatinlanguagewhichstudentsweresupposedtospeakevenamongthemselves.In1440KingHenryVIfoundedKing’sCollege,andtheothercollegesfollowed.Erasmus,thegreatDutchscholar,wasatoneofthese,Queens’College,from1511to1513,andthoughhewrotethatthecollegebeerwas“weakandbadlymade”,healmentionedapleasantcustomthatunfortunatelyseemstohaveceased.“TheEnglishgirlsareextremelypretty,Erasmus”said,“soft,pleasant,gentle,andcharming.Whenyougoanywhereonavisitthegirlsallkissyou.Theykissyouwhenyouarrive.Theykissyouwhenyougoawayandagainwhenyoureturn.”ManyothergreatmenstudiedatCambridge,amongthemBacon,Milton,Cromwell,Newton,Wordsworth,ByronandTennyson.【答案】Task2A.1)a)2)b)3)a)4)c)B.Theyusuallywearblackgowns—longgownsthathangdowntothefeetareforgraduates,andshorteronesforundergraduates.WomenstudentsdonotplayaveryactivepartinuniversitylifeatCambridge,buttheyworkharderthanmen.C.meadows,green,peaceful,bendinginto,intervals,deepcoloured,reflection,contrasts,lawnspeace,scholarship,peace,suggest,stretches,charminglycool,graceful【原文】NowletmegiveyousomeideaofwhatyouwouldseeifyouweretotalkaroundCambridge.LetusimaginethatIamseeingthesightsforthefirsttime.Itisaquitemarkettownandtheshoppingcentreextendsforquitealargearea,butInoticemorebookshopsthanonenormallyseesincountrytowns,andmoretailors’intheirwindowstheblackgownsthatstudentsmustwear—longgownsthathangdowntothefeetforgraduatesandshorteronesforundergraduates.Inthecentreofthetownisthemarketplacewhereseveraltimeseachweek

shopsshowincountrytraderscometoselltheirproduce.Everywherethereareteashops,someinmodernandmanyinoldbuildings,reachedbyclimbingnarrowstairs.Thereisagreatdealofbicycletraffic,mainlyundergraduateswhoracealongthoughtlessofsafety,withlongscarves(invariouscolourstodenotetheircollege)woundroundtheirnecks.Continuing,Ifindmywaytotheriverwhichflowsbehindthecollegebuildingsandcurlsaboutthetownintheshapeofahorseshoe.ThisnarrowriveristheGranta,andalittlefartheronchangesinnametotheCam.Itflowsslowlyandcalmly.The“Blacks”,aspartthiofthetownbehindthecollegesiscalled,havebeendescribedastheloveliestman-madeviewinEnglish.Itisindeedbeautiful.Tothefelt,acrossthestream,therearenobuildings,merelymeadows,collegesgardens’andlinesoftalltrees.Everythingisverygreenandpeaceful.Ontheriverbankarewillowtreeswiththeirbranchesbendingintothewaterand,atintervalsalongtheriver,stonebridgescrossthestreamandleadintothecollegeswhichlinethebank.Thedeepcolouredbrickorstoneofcollegewalls,sometimesredandsometimesgrey,is500yearsold.Thewallsriseoutoftheirownreflectioninthewaterandtheircolourcontrastscharminglywithglimpsesofthemanygreenlawns.Walkingalongtheriverbank,wheretheonlysoundisthenoiseofgentlewindinthetreetops,Icametomycollege,King’sCollege.AcrossabridgeandbeyondavastcarpetofgreenlawnstandsKing’CollegesChapel,thelargestandmostbeautifulbuildinginCambridgeandthemostperfectexampleleftofEnglishfifteenth-centuryarchitecture.Thecollegesjoinoneanotheralongthecurveoftheriver.Goingthroughacollegegateonefindsoneisstandinginanalmostsquarespaceof70yardsknownasa“court”Looking.downintothecourtonallsidesarethebuildingswherethestudentslive.Thecollegesarebuiltonaplancommontoall.Thereisachapel,alibrary,andalargedinning-hall.Onecourtleadstoanotherandeachismadebeautifulwithlawnsorafountainorcharmingoldstonepath.ThestudentgetsagoodimpressionofalltheEnglisharchitecturalstylesofthepast600yearsthebadaswellasthegood.Thereare28colleges,excludingthreeforwomenstudents.WomenstudentsdonotplayaveryactivepartinuniversitylifeatCambridge,buttheyworkharderthanmen.Itisdifficulttowalkaroundthequitecourtsofthecollegeswithoutfeelingasenseofpeaceandscholarship.Andthesenseofpeacethatgreenlawnsalwayssuggesttomeisfoundinthetowntoo,foroftenoneissurprisedtomeetopenstretchesofgrassinthemidstofthestreetsandhousegivingacharminglycoolcountrysideeffectandremindingoneofthemoregracefuldaysofeighteenthcentury.I’llfinishasIbeganonthatnote,thefeelingonehashereofthepastinthepresent,ofcontinuingtraditionandfirmfaith.Task3【答案】A.1)b)2)c)B.“FiveSecrets”forGettingaStudentVisaSecretOne:Getfree,accurateinformationbyvisitingtheUSEmbassywebsite.SecretTwo:Bethoroughlyprepared.Bring:I-20formorIAPform;Diploma(s);Standardizedtestscorereports(TOEFL,GRE,GMAT,LSAT,etc.);Alllettersande-mailsfromtheschool,esp.thosediscussingfinancialaid;Evidenceoffundingfortheapplicant’sstudies;Businesscards;Anyotherdocumentsthatmightbeimportant.SecretThree:Answerthequestionsthatareasked.Don’tgivethevisaofficerapreparedspeech.SecretFour:Tellthetruth.SecretFive:ComebacktoChinaintwoways:ComebacktoseeyourfamilyandmaintainyourtiestoChina.ComebacktoChinaaftergraduation.【原文】OnMarch7,USConsulGeneralDavidHopperandthreeotherofficialsfromtheVisaSectionoftheAmericanEmbassymetwithstudentsatPekingUniversity.Oneoftheofficialspresented“FiveSecrets”forgettingastudentvisa.SecretOne:Getfree,accurateinformationonapplyingforastudentvisa.VisittheUSEmbassywebsite.Thereisnochargeforusingtheseresources.Whypaytogetthesameinformationfromothersources?SecretTwo:Bethoroughlyprepared.Makesureyoubring:YI-20form(orIAP-66form);Yourdiploma(s);Yourstandardizedtestscorereports(TOEFL,GRE,GMAT,LSAT,etc.);Alllettersande-mailsfromtheschool,especiallythosethatdiscussscholarships,assistantships,fellowshipsandotherformsoffinancialaid;Evidenceoffundingforyourstudies(bankdocuments,etc.);Yourbusinesscards(ifyouhaveajob);Anyotherdocumentsthatyouthinkmightbeimportant.SecretThree:Answerthosequestionsthatareasked.Don’tgivethevisaofficerapreparedspeech!Here’sanexampleofwhattoavoid.Visaofficer：Hi,howareyoutoday?Applicant：I’mgoingtostudychemicalengineeringatXUniversity.Visaofficer：XUniversity?I'vebeentothecampusmanytimes.Applicant：IwillsurelyreturntoChinaandfindagoodjobwithamajormultinationalcompany.Visaofficer：Sotellme,whatcoloristhesky?Applicant：Iwasgivenateachingassistantshipbecausetheschoolbelievesmytestscoresandcredentialsareexcellent．Thesepeoplearenotcommunicating,andtheapplicantisnotadvancinghiscause!SecretFour：Tellthetruth.Ifthevisaofficerthinksyou’relying,youwon’ttgeavisa.SecretFive：ComebacktoChina.Wemeanthatintwoways：1.ComebacktoseeyourfamilyandmaintainyourtiestoChina．Keepupyourfriendshipsandprofessionalcontactshere．Studentsreturningonvacationdon’tevenneedtocomeinforaninterview；theycansimplyusethedrop-boxserviceofferedatmanyCITICBanklocations.2.ComebacktoChinaafteryougraduate.UsethoseadvancedskillsandtheoriesthatyoulearnintheUStomakeChinaabetterplace．Task4【答案】A.Youarenotwellsuitedforit./Youdonothavethenecessaryqualitiesorabilitiesforit.Youcannotgobacktotheprevioussituation./Youcannotchangeyourmind.Youcan’tchangehalfwaythesubjectsyouchoosetostudy.B.1)b)2)a)3)c)4)a)5)a)6)b)C.References:Inthetext,JohncriticizestheBritishuniversitysystemforbeingtoospecializedintheircurriculum,andarguesthattheAmericansystemisabetterone.ButPeter,theUSstudent,doesn’tagree.Inthedebate,encouragestudentstorefertothepointsmadebyPeterorjohnintheconversation.TheymayalsousetheirownexperienceataChineseuniversitytosupporttheirviewpoints.John’sargumentsforabroadercourseofstudy:—Studentswhofollowabroadercoursewillhaveabetterunderstandingoftheworldingeneral,andtheywillbemoreflexibleintheirjobs,sothatifthingsgowrongtheywillbeabletochangejobsmoreeasily.—Thingsarechangingsorapidlythatwehavetochangewiththem.Toomuchemphasisonspecializationmakesitdifficultforustoreneworupdateourknowledge.—ThemajorityofBritishstudentsneveruse90percentofwhattheyhavestudiedatuniversity,becausewhattheylearnedistooacademicanddifficult.Peter’sargumentsagainstJohn:—Therearetoomanysubjectstoday.Youwon’tbecompetentinanythingifyoudon’tfocus.Lifeisshort.Youcan’tdoeverything.—Peopleusuallyknowwhattheywanttodoinhighschool.—Therearenotmanyalternativesifstudentswanttolearnenoughtobecompetentintheirsubject.—Americanstudentswithafirstdegreedon’thavethedepthofknowledgetheyshouldhave.—Specializationisparticularlyimportantinsciences.—Peopleneedtoacquirealotofpureknowledge,particularlyintechnicalandscientificareas.Theimportanceofpureknowledgeshouldnotbeunderestimated.John:Idisagree,Peter.Idon’tthinkitreallymatterswhatyoureducationalbackgroundis.Anyonewhoisbrightenoughisgoingtodowellwhatevertheireducation.Peter:ButJohn,John:Infact,Ithinksomepeoplecarryonwiththeireducationwhentheywoulddoalotbettertogetoutandstartbuildingtheirowncareersbylearningthingsinreallife.Peter:Yes,butthewholepointis,lifeisgettingsomuchmorecomplicatedthesedaysthatunlessyoucarryonwithyourstudiesyoujustcan'tcope.John:Forcertainthings,andcertainpeople,okay.Buttomymind,thebigproblemineducationisthatyouspecializetooquickly.Imean,inEngland,youstartspecializingfromthethirdyearinsecondaryschool,whenyou'reabout14.AnditgetssteadilynarroweruntilyoudoyourA-levelsinonlytwoorthreesubjects.Youeitherdolanguages,ornaturalsciences,orsocialsciences.Peter:Butsurelythesedaysyouhaveto,John—youcan'tpossiblystudyeverything,becausethere'sjusttoomuch.John:Yes,buthowmanykidsattheageof16reallyknowwhattheywanttodo?Howmanyofthemareconvincedthatthethreesubjectsthey'vechosen,orhavebeenrecommended,aretheonesthatwillletthemfollowthecareerstheyeventuallydecideon?Peter:Oh,Ithinkmostyoungpeoplewhostayonatschoolhaveafairideaofwhattheywanttodo.John:I'mnotsosure,Peter.Andafterall,that'snottheendofit.WhentheygettouniversityinEngland,thesubjectstheystudyaresonarrowthattheyareonlygoodforonething;sotheyarestuckwithit.Peter:ButIdon'treallyseethatthereisanyalternativeifpeoplearegoingtolearnenoughtobecompetentintheirsubject.They'vegottospecializeearly,andIsupposethosethatrealizethey'vemadeamistakecanalwaysssomethingelse.John:Ah,butthat'sjustit.Youcan't.Supposeyoustudylanguagesatuniversityandthendecidethatyouarenotcutoutforitandwouldliketobeadoctor.You'veburntyourbridges.Youcan'tjustchangehorsesinmidstream;you'vegottogorightbacktothebeginningandyouloseyears.IthinktheAmericansystemismuchbetter.Peter:Inwhatway?John:Well,foryourfirstdegreeyou'vegottostudyafairlywiderangeofsubjects,andyoucanchoosethemyourself,withincertainlimits.Peter:Fine,butdoesn'tthatmeanthatAmericanstudentswithafirstdegreedon'thavethedepthofknowledgetheyshouldhave?John:Shouldhaveforwhat?Peter:Well,theyoftenaren'tacceptedforpostgraduateworkinEnglandwithjustafirstdegree.John:Maybenot,butIdon'treallythinkthat'simportant.Theycomeoutwithaprettygoodgeneralknowledgeinawidearea.Afterall,whenyouthinkaboutalotofthestuffEnglishstudentshavetostudy,whatgoodisittothemafterwards?I'msurethemajorityofBritishstudentsneveruse90percentofwhattheystudiedatuniversity.Peter:Thatmaybetrueofsomeartssubjects,butwhataboutthesciences?John:Eventhere,alotofwhattheydoatuniversityissoacademicandabstrusethattheywillneverbeabletoputittoanypracticaluse.I'msuretheywouldbenefitfarmorefromon-the-jobexperience.Andifthey'vehadabroadercourseofstudythey'vegottwoadvantages.Peter:Howdoyoumean?John:Firstofall,theywillhaveabetterunderstandingoftheworldingeneral,sotheywillbemoreflexibleintheirjobs,andthenifthingsdogowrongtheywillbeabletoswitchjobsmoreeasily.Peter:Thatallsoundsverysimple,butIthinkyou'restillunderestimatingtheamountofpurelearningthatyouneedthesedays,particularlyintechnicalandscientificareas.Imeanevenatschoolthesedays,childrenhavetolearnfarmorethingsthanwedidwhenwewereatschool.John:Allthemorereasonwhyweshouldnottrytoconcentrateonsuchafewthingsatsuchanearlyage.Thingsarechangingsorapidlythesedaysthatwehavetochangewiththem.Whenwewereyounger,therewasaprettygoodchancethatwewouldbeabletocarryonintheprofessionwe'dchosenuntilweretired.Butthesedays,peoplehavegottobepreparedtochangetheirjobsandlearnnewskillsastechnologymovesahead.Takejusttheareaoftheoffice,forexample.Howmanyoffices...Task5【答案】domestic,diversity,flexibility,morethan3,600,campuses,enrolledstudents,industries,about3million,Harvard,Stanford,communitycolleges,stateuniversities,faculties,ethnicminorities,subjectsandcourseoptions,student,consumer,flexibility,specialize,ahighereducation,postsecondary,anewcareer,retiredpeople【原文】Thatarecord453,787foreignstudentsfrom180countriesattendedcollegesanduniversitiesintheUSinthepastacademicyearisperhapsthemostvividindicationthatthereareimportantadvantagesinAmericanhighereducation.Noothercountryreceivesevenhalfasmanyforeignstudents,yetinternationalstudentsrepresentonly3%ofthetotalenrollmentatUScollegesanduniversities.Inall,somefifteenmillionstudentsattendAmerica'sinstitutionsofhighereducation.ThesestatisticsillustratefourmajorfeaturesoftheAmericanhighereducationsystemwhichmakeitattractivetobothdomesticandforeignstudents:size,diversity,flexibilityandaccessibility.Todaytherearemorethan3,600institutionsofhighereducationintheUnitedStates.Someofthelargestateuniversitysystems,suchasthoseinNewYork,CaliforniaandTexas,comprisedozensofcampusesandhundredsofthousandsofenrolledstudents.Indeed,highereducationhasbecomeoneofthebiggest"industries"intheUS,employingsomethreemillionpeople.TherangeanddiversityofinstitutionsandprogramsofstudyintheUSareevenmoreimpressive.ThesystemencompassesbothprestigiousprivateuniversitiessuchasHarvardandStanford,whichareamongthebestintheworld,andlocalpublicly-fundedcommunitycolleges;bothhugestateuniversitycampusesenrolling40,000-50,000studentsandtinyprivateinstituteswithfewerthan100students.Americanhighereducationisdiverseinotherways,too.Notonlydomostcollegesanduniversitiesenrollforeignstudents,butforeignfacultyandvisitingscholarsplayanimportantroleonmanycampuses,particularlythelargeuniversities.Inmostcomprehensiveinstitutions,thereareasmanyfemalestudentsasmale,andthenumbersofstudentsandfacultyfromethnicminorities,particularlyAsian-AmericansandHispanic-Americanshavebeensteadilyincreasing.Asaresult,thecampuscommunitiesofmanyAmericanuniversitiesreflectinmicrocosmthediversityoflargersociety.HighereducationintheUSisalsouniqueinofferinganenormousvarietyofsubjectsandcourseoptions,rangingfromAerospaceEngineeringtoWomen'sStudiesandfromArttoZoology.Becauseitisdependentontuitionforfunding,highereducationintheUSisstudent-centeredandconsumer-oriented;institutionsteachwhatstudentswanttoknowandwhatsocietyasawholethinksisuseful.Forexample,thelargepublicuniversitiesofNewYork,OhioStateUniversity,andtheUniversityofTexasatAustinofferhundredsofdifferentdegreeprogramsandhaveacademiccatalogslistingthousandsofcourses.ThevarietyofprogramsandcoursescontributestotheflexibilityoftheAmericansystem.Undergraduatesusuallybegintheirprogramtaking"generaleducation,""liberalarts,"or"corecurriculum"courses—inorderthattheymightbecomemore"well-rounded"students—andonlylaterselecttheirmajorinmanycases,notuntiltheirsecondyear.Becausetheydonotspecializefromtheverybeginning,undergraduatestudentshavemoreoptionsthantheircounterpartsinothercountries.Notinfrequently,Americanundergraduateschangetheirmindanddecidetotakeadifferentmajor,butthisdoesnotobligethemtostartover,foratleastpartoftheircourseworkcanstillbeappliedtothenewdegree.Mostacademicprogramsinclude"electivecourses"whichstudentscansometimestakeoutsidetheirmainfieldofstudy.Thisgivesthemaddedchoiceinplanningtheireducation,andenablesthemtobroadentheirperspectivebylearningaboutothersubjects.Thus,muchisleftuptostudent,whoisexpectedtochoosefromabewilderingvarietyofinstitutions,degreeprogramsandcourses,andoftenmustdependonhis/heracademicadvisorsforhelpinplanningaprogramofstudy.Thesize,diversityandflexibilityoftheAmericanhighereducationsystemallcontributetoitsaccessibility.Americanstakeforgrantedthateveryone,regardlessoftheirorigin,shouldhavearighttoahighereducation,andopportunitiesdoexistforalargepercentageofcollege-ageyoungpeopletopursuepostsecondarystudies.ItshouldberememberedthatintheUSthecategory"highereducation"canencompassvocational,technical,professionalandotherspecializedtraining.FundamentaltoAmericancultureisthehighvalueitplacesoneducation.Atwhateverlevel,educationisconsideredaformofself-improvement,whichcanleadtonewcareeropportunities,economicadvancesandpersonalbetterment,regardlessofone'sage.Anincreasingnumberofolder,"non-traditional"studentsareattendingcollegeanduniversityintheUS,manyhavinggonebackforadditionaltrainingortoprepareforanewcareer.Moreover,asmanyasfifteenmillionAmericans,includinglargenumberofretiredpeople,enrollinnoncreditcollegecourses(inotherwords,coursesnotleadingtoadegree)everyyear.Task6【答案】A.1)b)2)a)3)a)4)c)5)b)B.I.A.littleusefortheliberationofAfricanpeopletoovercomethesocialandtechnologicalbackwardnessB.1.formaleducation,societycatalyst,socialchangeII.A.theworld`sbest,themostappropriateB.integrateeducationandlife,andeducationandproductionC.weshouldjudgeachildorandanadultbytheiracademicabilityIII.theformaleducationsystem,societyasawhole,cooperativeness,adesiredtoserve【原文】Part1Weknowthatsomethingcalled“education”isagoodthing.AndallAfricanstatesthereforespendalargeproportionofgovernmentrevenueonit.But,IsuspectthatforusinAfricatheunderlyingpurposeofeducationistoturnusintoblackEuropeans,orblackAmericans,becauseoureducationpoliciesmakeitquiteclearthatwearereallyexpectingeducationinAfricatoenableustoemulatethematerialachievementsofEuropeandAmerica.Wehavenotbeguntothinkseriouslyaboutwhethersuchmaterialachievementsarepossibleordesirable.Theprimarypurposeofeducationistheliberationofman.To“l(fā)iberate”isfree”.Itimpliesimpedimentstofreedomhavingbeenthrownoff.Butamancanbephysicallyfreefromrestraintandstillbeunfreeifhismindisrestrictedbyhabitsandattitudeswhichlimithishumanity.Educationisincompleteifitenablesmantoworkoutelaborateschemesforuniversalpeacebutdoesnotteachhimhowtoprovidegoodfoodforhimselfandhisfamily.Itisequallyincompleteifitteachesmantobeanefficienttooluserandtoolmaker,butneglectshispersonalityandhisrelationshipwithhisfellowhumanbeings.Thereareprofessionalmenwhosay,"MymarketvalueishigherthanthesalaryIamreceivinginTanzania."Butnohumanbeinghasamarketvalue—exceptaslave.Whenpeoplesaysuchthings,ineffecttheyaresaying,"ThiseducationIhavebeengivenhasturnedmeintoamarketablecommodity,likecottonorsisal."Andtheyareshowingthat,insteadofliberatingtheirhumanitybygivingitagreaterchancetoexpressitself,theeducationtheyhavereceivedhasdegradedtheirhumanity.Theireducationhasconvertedthemintoobjects—repositoriesofknowledgelikeratherspecialcomputers.Wecondemnsuchpeople.Yetitisoureducationalsystemwhichisinstillinginboysandgirlstheideathattheireducationconfersapricetagonthem—whichignorestheinfiniteandpricelessvalueofaliberatedhumanbeing,whoiscooperatingwithothersinbuildingacivilizationworthyofcreaturesmadeintheimageofGod.Part2Aformalschoolsystem,devisedandoperatedwithoutreferencetothesocietyinwhichitsgraduateswilllive,isoflittleuseasaninstrumentofliberationforthepeopleofAfrica.Atthesametime,learningjustbylivinganddoingintheexistingsocietywouldleaveussobackwardsociallyandtechnologicallythathumanliberationintheforeseeablefutureisoutofthequestion.Somehowwehavetocombinethetwosystems.Wehavetointegrateformaleducationwiththesocietyanduseeducationasacatalystforchangeinthatsociety.Inevitablyittakestimetochange.Wehavenotsolvedtheproblemofbuildingsufficientself-confidencetorefusewhatweregardastheworld'sbest(whateverthatmaymean),andtochooseinsteadthemostappropriateforourconditions.Wehavenotsolvedtheproblemofourapparentinabilitytointegrateeducationandlife,andeducationandproduction.Wehavenotsolvedtheproblemofovercomingthebeliefthatacademicabilitymarksoutachildoranadultasespeciallypraiseworthy,orasdeservingaprivilegedplaceinsociety.Thisisnotafailurewithintheformaleducationsystem.Itisafailureofsocietyasawhole.Indeed,theeducationalistshaveadvancedinthesemattersmorethanothersectionsofthecommunity.Butoursocietyhasnotyetacceptedthatcharacter,cooperativenessandadesiretoservearerelevanttoaperson'sabilitytobenefitfromfurthertraining.Task7【原文】ForbeautyandforromancethefirstplaceamongallthecitiesoftheUnitedKingdommustbegiventoOxford.TheimpressionthatOxfordmakesuponthosewho,familiarwithherfromearlyyears,havelearnttoknowandloveherinlaterlifeisremarkable.Teemingwithmuchthatisancient,sheappearstheembodimentofyouthandbeauty.Exquisiteinline,sparklingwithlightandcolour,sheseemseverbrightandyoung,whilehersonsfallintodecayandperish."AlmaMater!"theycry,andloveherforherloveliness,tilltheirdimeyescanlookonhernomore.AndthisisforthereasonthatthetruelovablenessofOxfordcannotbelearntatonce.Ashercharmshavegrownfromagetoage,sotheirrealappreciationisgradual.Notthatshecannotcatchtheeyeofonewhoseesherforthefirsttime,and,smiling,holdhimcaptive.Thisshecandonowandthen;butevensohernewloverhasyettolearnherpreciousness.Unit2Task1【答案】A.1)c)2)d)3)b)B.1)T2)F3)Tb→e→d→a→c【原文】DearAnnLanders:Iburiedmyhusbandyesterday.Weweremarriedfor23years.MyhandisnotverysteadybutImustwritethisletter.Perhapsitisgrieftherapyformyself,butwhateverthereasonIhopeyouwillnotthinkIamoutofmyhead.Ourmarriagewaswhatyoumightcall"average".Wehadmorethanourshareofarguments,butonbalancewehadmorefuntogetherthanmostcouplesourage.IamItalianandBillwasIrish.Maybethatexplainsafewthings.Anyway,IlovedhimverymuchandIknowhelovedme.WehadanargumentWednesdaynight.Itwasabitterquarrelandwebothsaidthingsweshouldn'thave.ThursdaymorningIfixedBillagoodbreakfastbutwedidn'tspeak.Ifiguredwe'dpatchthingsupatsupper.Thatafternoonat4o'clockhewasdead.Itwasamassiveheartattack,hisfirst.BythetimeIreachedthehospital,hewasgone.Yearsagoyougavesomeadviceonhowtohaveagoodmarriage.Yousaid,"Nevergotobedmad."HowIwishIhadtakenthatadvice.It'sawfultoknowthatourlastwordswereangryones.Ihopeeverymarriedcouplewhoreadsthiswillaskthemselvesthisquestion:"IfIneverseemybelovedagain,whatwerethelastwordswespoketooneanother?"That'ssomethingtothinkabout,isn'tit?TooLateForMe!Task2【答案】Donald,whomOlivialoves,hasproposedmarriagetoher.ShecannotmakeuphermindbecauseitiswartimeandshedoesnothaveenoughtimetoknowmoreaboutDonaldandensureherfeelings.ShethinksDonaldprobablyjustwantstomarryhimselfoffbeforeheiskilledinthewar.【原文】Olivia:Donaldhasaskedmetomarryhim.Marcia:Hashe?That'swonderful!Olivia!Olivia:Isit?Marcia:Well...yes..,don'tyouthinkitis?Olivia:I'mnotsure.I'mreallynot.Marcia:Whynot?Don'tyoulovehim?Olivia:Yes...Ithinkso.Butisthatagoodreasontogetmarried?Now?Withawargoingon?Marcia:Idon'tthinkIunderstand.Olivia:Well,it's..,howshallIsayit...?Oh,Ifinditverydifficulttoexplain!Marcia:Areyouafraidhemaybe...maybe...Olivia:Killed?Yes,ofcourse.Butthatisn'tthereason.Marcia:Well,whatisit,then?Olivia:It'sjustthatIfeelthat..,howcanIputit...?Ifthereweren'tawaron,thingswouldbedifferent.We'dhavemoretimetogether.Moretimetodecide.HowcanIbesureIreallylovehim?Orthathelovesme?Isometimesthinkthathewantstogetmarriednowbecausehethinksitmaybehislastchance.Marcia:Todowhat?Olivia:Togetmarried,ofcourse.Marcia:Oh,Isee.Imean,IthinkI'mbeginningtounderstandnow.Olivia:Whatwouldyoudoifyouwereme?Imean,wouldyou..doyouthinkIshould...Marcia:It'shardtosay.Ijustdon'tknow.Olivia:NeitherdoI.That'stheproblem!Task3【答案】brokendown,exceptional,three,solicitor,proceedings,alcoholic,brute,judge,courttwo,consenttodivorcefive,theother’sconsenttwo,Evidencefordesertioncanbeprovidedadultery,cannotbeartolivewiththeotheroneparty’sunreasonablebehaviour,cannotcontinuelivingwithhimorher,Consultationwithasolicitor【原文】Asthelawstandstoday,ithastobeshownthatamarriagehasirretrievablybrokendownbeforeadivorcecanbegranted,and,unlessthecircumstancesareexceptional,youmusthavebeenmarriedforthreeyearsbeforeyoucanapplyforadivorce.Ifyougenuinelyfeelthatyourmarriagehasbrokendownbeyondrepair,yournearestdivorcecourtcansupplyyouwithabookletcalledUndefendedDivorce,whichoutlinesthenecessarystepstotakeandfivefactsorgroundsonwhichyoucanprovetoajudgethatyourmarriagehastrulybrokendown.Briefly,theyareasfollows:Separationforaperiodoftwoyearsbymutualconsentwithbothpartnersagreeingtodivorce.Separationforaperiodoffiveyears.Inthiscase,eitherpartnercanstartdivorceproceedingswithouttheother'sconsent.Desertionforaperiodoftwoyears,butyouwillhavetosupplyevidencetoshowthatyouhavebeengenuinelydeserted.4.Adultery,plusthefactthatyoucannotbeartocontinuelivingwithyourpartner,althoughthisdoesnothavetoparticularlyrelatetotheadultery.Youwillalsohavetoproducesubstantialevidencetoprovethatadulteryreallyhastakenplace.Unreasonablebehaviour,totheextentthatyoucannotexpecttocontinuelivingwithyourpartner.Again,you'llhavetoprovideevidencetosupportthisclaimand,inmanycases,it'swisetoconsultasolicitorbeforestartinganyproceedingsonsuchgrounds.Yourpersonalideaofunreasonablebehaviourmaybeverydifferentfromthatheldbythelaw.Boozynightsoutwiththeboysmightnotmakeamanaroaringalcoholic,justasapossiblyprovokedslapmightnotbrandhimasabruteintheeyesofajudge.Somakesureyoureallyknowwhat'srequiredtosatisfythecourtfirst.Task4【答案】A.1)a)2)b)3)c)B.1)F2)F3)F4)T【原文】PeoplenowadaysfindithardtobelievethatHelenandIhadaworkinghoneymoon.Wespentitintuberculintesting,partlybecausetheworkwasoverdueandpartlybecausewehadn'tthemoneytodoanythingveryexotic.Forallthat,wehadawonderfultime.IdidthetestingandHelendidthewritingasIinjectedthecowsandcalledouttheirskinmeasurements.OurheadquarterswastheoldWheatsheafInnatCarperby.Afterourmarriageonacold,sunnyNovemberdayinThirskChurchwedrovewesttoRichmond.Itwasintheerawheneverybody'sideaofabignightwasgoingtothecinema,andthatwaswhatwedid.WewenttotheZetlandinRichmond,thendrovethroughthedarkness,overthemoors,downthesteepbanktoRedmireandsotoCarperby.Wehadn'texpectedanythingtoeatatthathourbuttheowner,Mrs.Kilburnandherniece,Gladys,producedadelicioushotmeal.Thosetwogoodladiesfeduslikeroyaltyduringourstaythere,pilingthediningtablewithYorkshirefare.Enormousbreakfastsofhomecuredhamandfresheggs,massivedinnersofroastbeefandYorkshirepuddingsandapplepiesdrownedincream.Andalways,onthetable,afoothighWensleydalecheese--theoldkindof"wet"Wensleydalecheesewhichperhapsdidnotsatisfythetechnicalpuristsbutwasexquisitetoeat.Ourbedroom,withitsbrassbedstead,lookedoutovertheoldroofsofthevillagehousesacrosstheUretothehillsbeyond,andIstillfeelthatwhereverHelenandImighthavespentourhoneymoonwecouldnothavefou