供應(yīng)鏈管理基礎(chǔ)之05-能力需求計(jì)劃課件

BasicsofSupplyChainManagementSession5CapacityManagementandProductionActivityControlBasicsofSupplyChainManagemBasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001Session1: IntroductiontoSupplyChainManagementSession2: ForecastingSession3: MasterPlanningSession4: MaterialRequirementsPlanningSession5: CapacityManagementandProduction ActivityControlSession6: InventoryFundamentalsSession7: InventoryManagementSession8: PhysicalDistributionSession9: QualityManagementandPurchasingSession10:Just-in-TimeManufacturingCourseOutline5-1aBasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-2BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001Session5ObjectivesCapacitymanagementanditsrelationtopriorityplanningRatedorcalculatedcapacityCapacityrequiredforashoporderPurposeandactivitiesofproductionactivitycontrol(PAC)5-1bBasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-3BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001Session5Objectives(cont.)ProcessoforderpreparationanddatarequirementsforaPACsystemTechniquesofschedulingPurposeofashoporderandnecessaryinformationImplementationandcontrolofworkordersInput/outputreports5-2BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-4BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001CapacityManagementPlanningandcontrollingresourcesneededtomeetproductionobjectivesPlanning: Determiningresources neededtomeetthepriorityplan Selectingmethodstomake thatcapacityavailable

Controlling: Monitoringoutput,comparingwiththe plan,andtakingcorrectiveaction

Capacitymanagementoccursateachplanninglevel5-3BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-5BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001FigureadaptedfromCPIMExamContentManual,APICS,1997CapacityManagementTechniquesCapacity

RequirementsPlanning(CRP)PriorityManagementTechniquesResourceRequirements

Planning

(RRP)Production

PlanRough-Cut

CapacityPlanning(RCCP)Master

Production

ScheduleMaterialRequirementsPlanning(MRP)ProductionActivityControl(PAC)OperationSequencingInput/OutputControlPlanningLevels5-4BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-6BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001DefiningCapacityThecapabilityofasystemtoperformitsexpectedfunctionThecapabilityofaworker,machine,workcenter,plant,ororganizationtoproduceoutputpertimeperiod5-5BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-7BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001CapacityPlanningProcessDeterminethecapacityavailableTranslatethereleasedandplannedordersintocapacityrequiredSumupcapacitiesrequiredforeachworkcenterResolvedifferencesbetweenavailablecapacityandrequiredcapacity5-6BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-8BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001DeterminingCapacityAvailableCapacityavailableis “Thecapabilityofasystemorresourcetoproduceaquantityofoutputinaparticulartimeperiod”—APICSDictionaryAvailablecapacitycanbecalculatedormeasuredTocalculateavailablecapacity,identifyAvailabletimeUtilizationEfficiency5-7BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-9BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001AvailableTimeAvailabletime: dependsonthenumberofmachines,numberofworkers,andhoursofoperationNumberofmachines(ornumberofworkers)×hoursofoperationWhatistheweeklyavailabletimeforaworkcenterthathasfourmachinesandworkseighthoursadayforfivedaysaweek?5-8BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-10BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001UtilizationUtilization: Percentageofthetimethatthe workcenterisactive

Example: Workcenterisavailable120 hoursaweek,butactually producesgoodsfor90hours

utilization

75%

100%

12090=×5-9BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-11BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001EfficiencyEfficiency: Actualoutputratedagainst

standardoutput

Example: Aworkcenterisutilized100 hoursperweekandproduces 110standardhoursofwork

5-10BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-12BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001Problem5.1Aworkcenterproduces90standardhoursofworkinoneweek.Thehoursscheduledare80,and70areactuallyworked.Calculatetheutilizationandefficiencyoftheworkcenter.Utilization=Efficiency=5-11BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-13BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001RatedCapacityRatedcapacity=availabletimexutilizationxefficiencyExample: Aworkcenterconsistsofthreemachinesandisoperatedeighthoursadayforfivedaysaweek.Pastutilizationhasbeen75%,andefficiencyhasbeen110%.Availabletime=Ratedcapacity=

5-12BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-14BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001Problem5.2Aworkcenterconsistsofsixmachinesthatareavailable16hoursperdayforfivedaysaweek.Utilizationis80%,andefficiencyis110%.Whatistheratedweeklycapacity?Ratedweeklycapacity=5-13BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-15BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001DemonstratedCapacityProvencapacitycalculatedfromactualperformancedataExample: Overthepreviousfourweeks,awork centerproduced110,140,120,and130 standardhoursofwork.Whatisthe demonstratedcapacity?Demonstratedweeklycapacity=standardhours/week5-14BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-16BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001LoadGeneratedbythepriorityplanningsystem(MRP)Translatesthepriorities,giveninunits,intotimerequiredateachworkcenterineachtimeperiodTakesplaceateachplanninglevel5-15BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-17BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001CapacityRequirementsPlanningNeedtoKnow TakeInformationFromOpenshoporders OpenorderfilePlannedorderreleases MRPWhereworkisdone RoutingfileTimeneeded(standardhours) RoutingfileLeadtimes Routingfile WorkcenterfileWorkcentercapacity Workcenterfile5-16BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-18BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001Sun.WeekMon.Tues.Wed.Thurs.Fri.Sat.MonthJuly 127 128 129 130 131 9 10 11 12 13 14 1528 132 133 134 135 136 16 17 18 19 20 21 2229 137 138 139 140 141 23 24 25 26 27 28 2930 142 143 144 145 146 30 31 1 2 3 4 531 123 124 125 126 2 3 4 5 6 7 827123July22WorkDay—123Definesnon-workdaysReprintedwithpermission,J.R.TonyArnold,IntroductiontoMaterialsManagement,Prentice-Hall.ShopCalendar5-17BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-19BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001Lead-TimeElements Queue Setup Run Wait MoveLeadTimeQueue TimewaitingbeforeoperationbeginsSetup TimegettingreadyforoperationRun TimeperformingoperationWait TimewaitingafteroperationendsMove TimephysicallymovingbetweenoperationsAdaptedfromMaterialandCapacityRequirementsPlanningCertificationReviewCourse,1993,APICS5-18BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-20BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001SchedulingOrdersTodeterminewhenordersshouldbestartedandcompletedoneachworkcenterCalculateoperationtimerequiredateachworkcenterOperationtime=setuptime+runtimeAllowforqueue,wait,andmovetimes5-19BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-21BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001Orderquantity=100unitsFromroutesheetFromworkcenterfilesScheduleSchedulingExample5-20BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-22BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001Problem5.35-21BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-23BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001TypicalLoadProfileShowsthecapacityrequiredataworkcenterbasedonplannedandreleasedordersforeachtimeperiodExampleWorkcenter:10 Ratedcapacity:110standardhours/week5-22BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-24BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001ResolvingDifferencesChangetheavailable Useovertimeorcapacity: undertime Hireorlayoff Shiftworkforce Usealternateroutings SubcontractAltertheload: Alterlotsizes(Maycomplicateschedule Rescheduleforotherworkcenters) 5-23BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-25BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001ProductionActivityControl5-24ProductionPlanPlanningImplementcontrolPurchasingProductionActivityControlMasterProductionScheduleMaterialsRequirementsPlanningCapacityControlInput/OutputBasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-26BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001ObjectivesofPACExecutetheMPSandMRPOptimizeuseofresourcesMinimizeworkinprocessMaintaincustomerservice5-25BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-27BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001PACFunctionsPlanEnsureresourcesareavailableSchedulestartandcompletiondatesExecuteGatherrelevantshoporderinformationReleaseshopordersControlEstablishandmaintainorderpriorityTrackactualperformanceMonitorandcontrolWIP,leadtimes,andqueuesReportworkcenterperformance5-26BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-28BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001Reprintedwithpermission,J.R.TonyArnold,IntroductiontoMaterialsManagement,Prentice-Hall.Planning,Executing,andControlling5-27ManufacturingOperationsExecuteWorkAuthorizationControlCompareDecidePlanScheduleReplanProductionActivityControlBasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-29BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001DataRequirementsMustKnow ObtainedFromWhatandhowmanytoproduceWhenpartsareneededWhatoperationsareneededHowmuchtimeoperationswilltakeHowmuchcapacityisavailableateachworkcenter5-28BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-30BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001SchedulingObjectivesMeetdeliverydatesEffectivelyusemanufacturingresourcesInvolvesEstablishingstartandfinishdatesforeachoperationneededtocompleteanorder5-29BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-31BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001SchedulingandLoadingTechniquesForwardscheduling: ActivitiesareschedulefromastartdatewiththecompletiondateofanordercomputedBackwardscheduling: ActivitiesarescheduledbackfromtheduedateInfiniteloading: AssumescapacityisinfiniteatanyworkcenterFiniteloading: Assumesthereisadefinitelimittocapacityatanyworkcenter5-30BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-32BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001Reprintedwithpermission,BMSAssociates,Inc.BackwardandForwardScheduling5-31BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-33BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001InfiniteversusFiniteLoadingSource:BihunandMusolf,CapacityManagementReviewCourse,19855-32BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-34BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001BottlenecksBottleneckscontrolthethroughputofallproductsprocessedbythemWorkcentersfeedingbottlenecksshouldbescheduledattheratethebottleneckcanprocessAtimebufferinventoryshouldbeestablishedbeforethebottleneckWorkcentersfedbythebottleneckhavetheirthroughputcontrolledbythebottleneck5-33BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-35BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001ExecutethePlan—ShopOrderPacketOrdernumber,partnumber,nameanddescription,andquantityEngineeringdrawingsBillsofmaterialRoutesheetsMaterialissueticketsToolrequisitionsJobticketsandmovetickets5-34BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-36BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001Period12345TotalPlannedinput3832364044190Actualinput3432324240180CumulativevariancePlannedoutput4040404040200Actualoutput3236444436192CumulativevariancePlannedbacklog32Actualbacklog32Workcenter: 201Capacityperperiod: 40standardhoursInput/OutputControl5-35BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-37BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001Period123TotalPlannedinput383642Actualinput343640CumulativevariancePlannedoutput404040Actualoutput423642CumulativevariancePlannedbacklog30Actualbacklog30Workcenter: 20Capacityperperiod: 40standardhoursProblem5.45-36BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-38BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001DispatchListWorkcenter:10 Ratedcapacity:100standardhoursperweekShopdate:250Order Part Order Setup Run OperationDate Number Number Quantity Hours Hours Start Finish 123 6554 100 1.5 15 249 250 121 7345 50 0.5 30 249 251 142 2687 500 0.2 75 250 259 Totalstandardhours 2.2 120Jobscoming: 145 7745 200 0.7 20 251 253 135 2832 20 1.2 1.5 253 254Reprintedwithpermission,J.R.TonyArnold,IntroductiontoMaterialsManagement,3rded.Prentice-Hall,19985-37BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-39BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001DispatchingRulesFirstcome,firstserved(FCFS)

JobsperformedinorderreceivedEarliestjobduedate(EDD)

JobsperformedaccordingtoduedatesEarliestoperationduedate(ODD)

JobsperformedaccordingtooperationduedatesShortestprocesstime(SPT)

JobssequencedaccordingtoprocesstimeCriticalratio(CR)5-38BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-40BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001CriticalRatioExample:Today’sdateis180

Critical Time WorkOrder DueDate Remaining Remaining Ratio A 185 5days 10days .5 B 190 10days 10days 1.0 C 195 15days 10days 1.5IfCRlessthan(<)1: OrderislateIfCRequalto(=)1: OrderisontimeIfCRgreaterthan(>)1: Orderisaheadofschedule

5-39BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-41BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001ProductionReportingFeedbackonwhatisactuallyhappeningplantwideandbyworkcenterOrderstatusExceptionreportsInventorystatusLaborreportsMachineperformance5-40BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-42BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001Session5:ObjectivesDiscussobjectivesofcapacitymanagementanditsrelationtopriorityplanningUnderstandhowtodetermineratedorcalculatedcapacity(availablecapacity)Understandhowtocalculatethecapacityrequiredforashoporder(requiredcapacity)Definethepurposeofproductionactivitycontrol(PAC)andtheactivitiesperformedUnderstandtheprocessoforderpreparationandthedatarequirementsforaPACsystemDescribethebasictechniquesofschedulingDescribethepurposeofashoporderandtheinformationitshouldcontainSummarizetheprocessofimplementingandcontrollingworkordersDevelopasimpleinput/outputreport5-41BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-43BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001Problem5.5Availablehours = Hoursactuallyworked = Standardhoursproduced = Utilization= Efficiency=Weeklyavailabletime= Ratedcapacity =

5-42BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-44BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001Problem5.5(Solution)Availablehours = 12,000 Hoursactuallyworked = 10,440Standardhoursproduced = 11,480 Utilization= x100%=87%Efficiency= x100%=110%Weeklyavailabletime = 3x16x5 = 240hoursRatedcapacity = 240x.87x1.10 = 229.7

5-42a10,44012,00011,48010,440BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-45BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001Workcenter: 20 Capacityperperiod: 40standardhoursProblem5.65-43Period1234TotalPlannedinput363835ActualinputCumulativevariancePlannedoutput404040ActualoutputCumulativevariancePlannedbacklog32Actualbacklog3240343232424038364038BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-46BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001Workcenter: 20 Capacityperperiod: 40standardhoursProblem5.6(Solution)5-43aPeriod1234TotalPlannedinput363835149Actualinput-2-8-11-9CumulativevariancePlannedoutput404040160ActualoutputCumulativevariancePlannedbacklog32Actualbacklog3240-9343232140424028241620-2-6-6-8-83836401523828262121BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-47BasicsofSupplyChainManagementSession5CapacityManagementandProductionActivityControlBasicsofSupplyChainManagemBasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001Session1: IntroductiontoSupplyChainManagementSession2: ForecastingSession3: MasterPlanningSession4: MaterialRequirementsPlanningSession5: CapacityManagementandProduction ActivityControlSession6: InventoryFundamentalsSession7: InventoryManagementSession8: PhysicalDistributionSession9: QualityManagementandPurchasingSession10:Just-in-TimeManufacturingCourseOutline5-1aBasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-49BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001Session5ObjectivesCapacitymanagementanditsrelationtopriorityplanningRatedorcalculatedcapacityCapacityrequiredforashoporderPurposeandactivitiesofproductionactivitycontrol(PAC)5-1bBasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-50BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001Session5Objectives(cont.)ProcessoforderpreparationanddatarequirementsforaPACsystemTechniquesofschedulingPurposeofashoporderandnecessaryinformationImplementationandcontrolofworkordersInput/outputreports5-2BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-51BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001CapacityManagementPlanningandcontrollingresourcesneededtomeetproductionobjectivesPlanning: Determiningresources neededtomeetthepriorityplan Selectingmethodstomake thatcapacityavailable

Controlling: Monitoringoutput,comparingwiththe plan,andtakingcorrectiveaction

Capacitymanagementoccursateachplanninglevel5-3BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-52BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001FigureadaptedfromCPIMExamContentManual,APICS,1997CapacityManagementTechniquesCapacity

RequirementsPlanning(CRP)PriorityManagementTechniquesResourceRequirements

Planning

(RRP)Production

PlanRough-Cut

CapacityPlanning(RCCP)Master

Production

ScheduleMaterialRequirementsPlanning(MRP)ProductionActivityControl(PAC)OperationSequencingInput/OutputControlPlanningLevels5-4BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-53BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001DefiningCapacityThecapabilityofasystemtoperformitsexpectedfunctionThecapabilityofaworker,machine,workcenter,plant,ororganizationtoproduceoutputpertimeperiod5-5BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-54BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001CapacityPlanningProcessDeterminethecapacityavailableTranslatethereleasedandplannedordersintocapacityrequiredSumupcapacitiesrequiredforeachworkcenterResolvedifferencesbetweenavailablecapacityandrequiredcapacity5-6BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-55BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001DeterminingCapacityAvailableCapacityavailableis “Thecapabilityofasystemorresourcetoproduceaquantityofoutputinaparticulartimeperiod”—APICSDictionaryAvailablecapacitycanbecalculatedormeasuredTocalculateavailablecapacity,identifyAvailabletimeUtilizationEfficiency5-7BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-56BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001AvailableTimeAvailabletime: dependsonthenumberofmachines,numberofworkers,andhoursofoperationNumberofmachines(ornumberofworkers)×hoursofoperationWhatistheweeklyavailabletimeforaworkcenterthathasfourmachinesandworkseighthoursadayforfivedaysaweek?5-8BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-57BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001UtilizationUtilization: Percentageofthetimethatthe workcenterisactive

Example: Workcenterisavailable120 hoursaweek,butactually producesgoodsfor90hours

utilization

75%

100%

12090=×5-9BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-58BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001EfficiencyEfficiency: Actualoutputratedagainst

standardoutput

Example: Aworkcenterisutilized100 hoursperweekandproduces 110standardhoursofwork

5-10BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-59BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001Problem5.1Aworkcenterproduces90standardhoursofworkinoneweek.Thehoursscheduledare80,and70areactuallyworked.Calculatetheutilizationandefficiencyoftheworkcenter.Utilization=Efficiency=5-11BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-60BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001RatedCapacityRatedcapacity=availabletimexutilizationxefficiencyExample: Aworkcenterconsistsofthreemachinesandisoperatedeighthoursadayforfivedaysaweek.Pastutilizationhasbeen75%,andefficiencyhasbeen110%.Availabletime=Ratedcapacity=

5-12BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-61BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001Problem5.2Aworkcenterconsistsofsixmachinesthatareavailable16hoursperdayforfivedaysaweek.Utilizationis80%,andefficiencyis110%.Whatistheratedweeklycapacity?Ratedweeklycapacity=5-13BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-62BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001DemonstratedCapacityProvencapacitycalculatedfromactualperformancedataExample: Overthepreviousfourweeks,awork centerproduced110,140,120,and130 standardhoursofwork.Whatisthe demonstratedcapacity?Demonstratedweeklycapacity=standardhours/week5-14BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-63BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001LoadGeneratedbythepriorityplanningsystem(MRP)Translatesthepriorities,giveninunits,intotimerequiredateachworkcenterineachtimeperiodTakesplaceateachplanninglevel5-15BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-64BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001CapacityRequirementsPlanningNeedtoKnow TakeInformationFromOpenshoporders OpenorderfilePlannedorderreleases MRPWhereworkisdone RoutingfileTimeneeded(standardhours) RoutingfileLeadtimes Routingfile WorkcenterfileWorkcentercapacity Workcenterfile5-16BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-65BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001Sun.WeekMon.Tues.Wed.Thurs.Fri.Sat.MonthJuly 127 128 129 130 131 9 10 11 12 13 14 1528 132 133 134 135 136 16 17 18 19 20 21 2229 137 138 139 140 141 23 24 25 26 27 28 2930 142 143 144 145 146 30 31 1 2 3 4 531 123 124 125 126 2 3 4 5 6 7 827123July22WorkDay—123Definesnon-workdaysReprintedwithpermission,J.R.TonyArnold,IntroductiontoMaterialsManagement,Prentice-Hall.ShopCalendar5-17BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-66BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001Lead-TimeElements Queue Setup Run Wait MoveLeadTimeQueue TimewaitingbeforeoperationbeginsSetup TimegettingreadyforoperationRun TimeperformingoperationWait TimewaitingafteroperationendsMove TimephysicallymovingbetweenoperationsAdaptedfromMaterialandCapacityRequirementsPlanningCertificationReviewCourse,1993,APICS5-18BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-67BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001SchedulingOrdersTodeterminewhenordersshouldbestartedandcompletedoneachworkcenterCalculateoperationtimerequiredateachworkcenterOperationtime=setuptime+runtimeAllowforqueue,wait,andmovetimes5-19BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-68BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001Orderquantity=100unitsFromroutesheetFromworkcenterfilesScheduleSchedulingExample5-20BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-69BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001Problem5.35-21BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-70BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001TypicalLoadProfileShowsthecapacityrequiredataworkcenterbasedonplannedandreleasedordersforeachtimeperiodExampleWorkcenter:10 Ratedcapacity:110standardhours/week5-22BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-71BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001ResolvingDifferencesChangetheavailable Useovertimeorcapacity: undertime Hireorlayoff Shiftworkforce Usealternateroutings SubcontractAltertheload: Alterlotsizes(Maycomplicateschedule Rescheduleforotherworkcenters) 5-23BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-72BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001ProductionActivityControl5-24ProductionPlanPlanningImplementcontrolPurchasingProductionActivityControlMasterProductionScheduleMaterialsRequirementsPlanningCapacityControlInput/OutputBasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-73BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001ObjectivesofPACExecutetheMPSandMRPOptimizeuseofresourcesMinimizeworkinprocessMaintaincustomerservice5-25BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-74BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001PACFunctionsPlanEnsureresourcesareavailableSchedulestartandcompletiondatesExecuteGatherrelevantshoporderinformationReleaseshopordersControlEstablishandmaintainorderpriorityTrackactualperformanceMonitorandcontrolWIP,leadtimes,andqueuesReportworkcenterperformance5-26BasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-75BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001Reprintedwithpermission,J.R.TonyArnold,IntroductiontoMaterialsManagement,Prentice-Hall.Planning,Executing,andControlling5-27ManufacturingOperationsExecuteWorkAuthorizationControlCompareDecidePlanScheduleReplanProductionActivityControlBasicsofSupplyChainManagem5-76BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1—August2001Data