叉車環(huán)境里的行人安全要點(diǎn)中英雙語(yǔ)版

Forkliftsareveryusefultools.They’remostcommoninwarehousingandstoragefacilities,buttheycanbeusedinanyindustrythatrequiresthemovementofheavymaterials.Unfortunately,forkliftaccidentsarealsocommon.叉車是非常有用的工具。被廣泛地應(yīng)用于倉(cāng)庫(kù)和存儲(chǔ)設(shè)施，用來(lái)搬運(yùn)很重的貨物。很不幸叉車事故也經(jīng)常發(fā)生。Forkliftaccidentsareparticularlydangeroustopedestrians.Pedestrianssuffer26%ofallforklift-relatedinjuriesinU.S.workplaces.Manyoftheseinjuriesareseriousorfatal.Pedestrianscanbestruckorcrushedbyforklifts,hitbyobjectsfallingfromaforklift,orfalloffaforklifttheyareridingon.Pedestrianswhoarenottrainedtowatchoutforforkliftsorwhodon’tcomplywithworkplacesafetypolicieshaveanincreasedriskofbeingstruckbyforklifts.However,mostforkliftaccidentsarepreventablewhenpedestriansfollowsafepracticesintheworkplace.叉車事故對(duì)于行人特別危險(xiǎn)。美國(guó)有26%的叉車事故伴有行人的傷害，許多是重傷甚至是死亡事故。行人可能被叉車撞擊，或者高空貨物墜落，可能砸傷駕乘叉車的人員。行人未經(jīng)培訓(xùn)，不能關(guān)注周邊的叉車或者不遵守安全規(guī)則，也增加了事故。無(wú)論如何大部分事故都可以是避免的，只要人們遵守安全規(guī)則。UnderstandtheHazard理解安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)Pedestriansmustunderstandthehazardsthatcomewithworkingaroundforklifts.Forkliftstipovereasilyandcannotbrakequickly.Theforks,mast,andcagecanreducevisibility.Tallorbulkyloadscanseverelyrestrictvisibilityaswell.Forkliftsareloudmachines,andinnoisyworkplaces,itishardforoperatorsandpedestrianstohearoneanother.Whenforkliftsareturningtheyareespeciallydangerous.Thesharpertheturn,thewidertheanglethebackoftheforkliftcantake,anditcanswingoutandhitpedestrians.Eachofthesefactorscontributestotheriskofinjury,butuntrainedforkliftoperatorscanalsocauseaccidents.Speaktoyoursupervisorifyouseeforkliftoperatorsactinginanunsafemanner.行人必須理解伴隨叉車的安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。叉車很容易翻車或者不能及時(shí)剎車。貨叉、門架或吊籠等都可能影響視線。超高貨物和大件物體都可能遮擋視線。盡管叉車是個(gè)噪音設(shè)備，但是當(dāng)在吵鬧的環(huán)境里，行人和操作員很難聽到對(duì)方。當(dāng)叉車轉(zhuǎn)彎時(shí)是特別危險(xiǎn)。一個(gè)大角度急轉(zhuǎn)彎，可能導(dǎo)致很大的作用力，叉車晃動(dòng)，很容易撞擊到行人。每個(gè)因素都可能增加風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，但是未經(jīng)培訓(xùn)/無(wú)資格人員操作叉車也會(huì)導(dǎo)致事故。請(qǐng)報(bào)告主管不安全的操作行為。UsePedestrianWalkways使用人行道Someworkplaceshavedesignatedwalkwaysforpedestrians.Pedestrianwalkwaysmayhavepermanentrailingsorotherbarrierstokeeppedestriansfromenteringforkliftpaths.Ifapermanentbarriercan’tbeputinplace,thereshouldbestripespaintedonthegroundtoshowwherepedestriansshouldwalk.Inareaswherepedestriansandforkliftshavetotravelthesamepaths,theremustbeenoughspaceforpedestrianstowalksafely.Ifthereisnotenoughroom,itmustbeclosedofftopedestrianswhileforkliftsareinuse.Keepaislesandpassagewaysclean.Ifobstructionsoccupypedestrianpaths,peoplemaywalkinthepathofforklifts.Removematerialsanddebrisfromwalkwaysimmediately,orspeaktoasupervisorifyoucan’tremovethemyourself.有些工作場(chǎng)所設(shè)置了人行道。人行道應(yīng)是一個(gè)固定軌跡或使用柵欄，防止行人進(jìn)入車行道。當(dāng)無(wú)法布置柵欄時(shí)，應(yīng)該在地面上用彩色長(zhǎng)條，引導(dǎo)行人走入正確的道路。保持道路整潔。當(dāng)?shù)缆繁回浳锘驈U物占用時(shí)，應(yīng)立即清理，否則行人可能進(jìn)入車行道。如果自己不能清理，應(yīng)立刻報(bào)告主管。StayClear保持警惕Itisimportanttoremainoutofthewayofamovingforklift.Herearesomepracticestostayclearofforkliftsatwork:DonotapproachamovingforkliftIfyoumustapproachaforklift,approachitfromthesideAFTERithasstoppedKeepyourfeetclearoftheforkliftMoveawayfromtheforkliftbeforetheoperatormovesit,donotwaitfortheforklifttomoveawayfromyouStandclearofaforkliftwhileit’sturning給行駛中的叉車讓路，這個(gè)很重要。有以下的一些實(shí)踐：不要靠近移動(dòng)的叉車如果必須靠近叉車，一定要叉車停止后。讓自己的腳遠(yuǎn)離叉車。在叉車啟動(dòng)前離開叉車，不要等到叉車啟動(dòng)。與轉(zhuǎn)彎的叉車保持足夠的距離。CommunicatewithOperators與操作員溝通Ifyoucan’tseeaforkliftoperator,theyprobablycan’tseeyou.Communicationiskeytoyoursafety.Tocommunicatewithforkliftoperators:Informthemthatyou’llbeenteringtheforkliftareaBeforeenteringtheforkliftlane,stop,lookbothways,andmakeeyecontactwiththeoperatorProceedthroughtheareaonlywhentheoperatorsignalsthattheyseeyou如果你看不到操作員，可能他們也看不到你。保持溝通對(duì)你的安全很關(guān)鍵。與操作員溝通的內(nèi)容：

通知他們，你即將進(jìn)入作業(yè)區(qū)

在進(jìn)入前，先停下來(lái)觀察，確保與操作員有眼神接觸

只有等到操作員的清楚的信號(hào)后，確認(rèn)他看到了你，才能繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。ObeyWorkplaceTrafficRules遵守交通規(guī)則Trafficrulesapplytopedestriansaswellasforklifts.Makesureyouonlywalkinpedestrianlanes.Inareaswithnodesignatedtravellanes,staytoonesidetoallowroomforforkliftstopass.Forkliftsaresupposedtoyieldtopedestrians,buttheymaynotbeabletoseeyouorstopquickly,soalwaysyieldtoforkliftsunlessyouhavemadeeyecontactwiththeoperatorandtheyhavegivenyouthesignaltogo.Beforeenteringtrafficareas,stop,listen,andlookbothwaystomakesureaforkliftisn’tcomingtowardsyou.交通規(guī)則適用于行人和叉車。確保自己在人行道行走。如果沒有清晰的人行道，應(yīng)該保持距離讓叉車先通過。照理叉車應(yīng)該禮讓行人，但是他們可能沒有看到你，或不能及時(shí)剎車，所以一定要讓叉車先通過，除非你與叉車操作員有眼神交流確認(rèn)。進(jìn)入作業(yè)區(qū)前，先停下來(lái)，仔細(xì)聽和觀察，確保沒有與你沖突的叉車接近。FollowBasicSafetyProcedures遵守基本安全規(guī)則Considerwearinghighlyvisibleprotectiveequipmenttomakeiteasierforforkliftoperatorstoseeyou.Avoiddistractionswhenwalkingintoforklifttrafficareas.Neverrideonforkliftsunlessyou’reauthorizedandhaveasafeplacetoride,andneverpassunderanelevatedload.Stayoutofthepaththattheloadcanfall.Evenifaforkliftstops,itsloadmaynot.Don’ttakeshortcutsbetweenstackedmaterials,andneverclimboverguardrails.Yourworkplacemayhaveinstalledcontrolstoensuresafetysuchasconvexmirrors,speedlimits,orextralightingfordimareas.Usethesetoyouradvantagetotravelsafelyaroundtheworkplace.Finally,reportanyunsafebehaviorbyforkliftoperatorsorpedestrianstoyoursupervisor.建議穿高可視度的反光衣，這樣操作員就很容易看到你。避免慌亂地進(jìn)入作業(yè)區(qū)。永遠(yuǎn)不要搭乘叉車，除非有特別的批準(zhǔn)，且有足夠的安全空間。永遠(yuǎn)不要從提升的貨物下走過。與叉車路保