被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)講解及練習(xí)(附答案)72881

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)講解及練習(xí)(附答案)72881被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)講解及練習(xí)(附答案)72881被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)講解及練習(xí)(附答案)72881資料僅供參考文件編號(hào)：2022年4月被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)講解及練習(xí)(附答案)72881版本號(hào)：A修改號(hào)：1頁(yè)次：1.0審核：批準(zhǔn):發(fā)布日期：被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)講解一、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成形式1.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本時(shí)態(tài)變化被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)通常為十種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)形式,被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由be＋過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成，be隨時(shí)態(tài)的變化而變化。以do為例，各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式為：1)am/is/are+done(過(guò)去分詞)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)例Visitorsarerequestednottotouchtheexhibits.2）has/havebeendone現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)例Allthepreparationsforthetaskhavebeencompleted,andwe'rereadytostart.3）am/is/arebeingdone現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)例Anewcinemaisbeingbuilthere．4）was/weredone一般過(guò)去時(shí)例IwasgiventenminutestodecidewhetherIshouldrejecttheoffer.5）hadbeendone過(guò)去完成時(shí)例Bytheendoflastyear,anothernewgymnasiumhadbeencompletedinBeijing.6）was/werebeingdone過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)例AmeetingwasbeingheldwhenIwasthere.7）shall/willbedone一般將來(lái)時(shí)例Hundredsofjobswillbelostifthefactorycloses.8）should/wouldbedone過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)例Thenewswouldbesenttothesoldier'smotherassoonasitarrived.9）shall/willhavebeendone將來(lái)完成時(shí)（少用）例TheprojectwillhavebeencompletedbeforeJuly.2.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)形式1)帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。其形式為：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋be＋過(guò)去分詞。例Thebabyshouldbetakengoodcareofbythebaby-sitter.2)有些動(dòng)詞可以有兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)，在用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，可以把主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)，另一賓語(yǔ)仍然保留在謂語(yǔ)后面。通常變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)的是間接賓語(yǔ)。例Hismothergavehimapresentforhisbirthday.可改為Hewasgivenapresentbyhismotherforhisbirthday.3)當(dāng)“動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，將賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語(yǔ)，其余不動(dòng)。例Someonecaughttheboysmokingacigarette.可改為T(mén)heboywascaughtsmokingacigarette.4）在使役動(dòng)詞have,make,get以及感官動(dòng)詞see,watch,notice,hear,feel,observe等后面不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)時(shí)，在主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中不定式to要省略，但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，要加to。例Someonesawastrangerwalkintothebuilding.可改為Astrangerwasseentowalkintothebuilding.3.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)v.+ing形式及不定式todo也有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)(一般時(shí)態(tài)和完成時(shí)態(tài))。例Idon'tlikebeinglaughedatinthepublic.二、Itissaidthat+從句及其他類(lèi)似句型Itissaidthat…據(jù)說(shuō),Itisreportedthat…據(jù)報(bào)道，Itisbelievedthat…大家相信，Itishopedthat…大家希望，Itiswellknownthat…眾所周知，Itisthoughtthat…大家認(rèn)為，Itissuggestedthat…據(jù)建議。例Itissaidthattheboyhaspassedthenationalexam.（＝Theboyissaidtohavepassedthenationalexam.）三、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義1.英語(yǔ)中有很多動(dòng)詞如break，drive，lock，open，sell，read，write，wash等，當(dāng)它們被用作不及物動(dòng)詞來(lái)描述主語(yǔ)特征時(shí)，常用其主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義,主語(yǔ)通常是物。例Thiskindofclothwasheswell.注意：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表被動(dòng)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是主語(yǔ)的特征，而被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)則強(qiáng)調(diào)外界作用造成的影響。試比較：Thedoorwon'tlock．（指門(mén)本身有毛病）Thedoorwon'tbelocked．（指不會(huì)有人來(lái)鎖門(mén),指“門(mén)沒(méi)有鎖”是人的原因）2.表示“發(fā)生、進(jìn)行”的不及物動(dòng)詞和短語(yǔ)，如：happen,takeplace,comeout,cometrue,等以主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。例Howdothenewspaperscomeout這些報(bào)紙是如何印出來(lái)的呢3.系動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有被動(dòng)形式,但有些表示感受、感官的連系動(dòng)詞feel,sound,taste,look,feel等在主系表結(jié)構(gòu)中常以主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。例Yourreasonsoundsreasonable四、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義在某些句型中可用動(dòng)名詞和不定式的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。1．在need，want，require,等詞的后面，動(dòng)名詞用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，其含義相當(dāng)于動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式。例Thehouseneedsrepairing（toberepaired）．這房子需要修理。2．形容詞worth后面跟動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義，但不能跟動(dòng)詞不定式；而worthy后面跟動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式。例Thepicture-bookiswellworthreading．（＝Thepicture-bookisveryworthytoberead．）3.動(dòng)詞不定式在名詞后面作定語(yǔ)，不定式和名詞之間有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí)，又和句中另一名詞或代詞構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系,不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。例Ihavealotofthingstodothisafternoon．(todo與things是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，與I是主謂關(guān)系。)試比較：I’llgotothepostoffice.Doyouhavealettertobeposted(此處用不定式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)作定語(yǔ)表明you不是post動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)選擇題anewlibrary_____inourschoollastyear？

A.Is;builtB.Was;built

C.Does;buildD.Did;build

accident____onthisroadlastweek.

A.hasbeenhappenedB.washappened

C.ishappenedD.happened

____inthesoutheastofChina.

A.isgrownB.aregrown

C.growsD.grow

far,themoon____bymanalready.

A.isvisitedB.willbevisited

C.hasbeenvisitedD.wasvisited

talkonChinesehistory_____intheschoolhallnextweek.

A.isgivenB.hasbeengivenC.willbegivenD.gives

lotofthings____bypeopletosavethelittlegirlnow.

A.aredoingB.arebeingdone

C.hasbeendoneD.willbedone

doctor_____foryet.

A.isn'tsentB.hasn'tbeensent

C.won'tbesentD.wasn'tsent

___thiskindofcomputer______

--Lastyear.

A.did;useB.was;used

C.is;usedD.are;used

_____thisbook_____

A.did;writtenB.was;writtenby

C.did;writtenD.was;written

____showmehernewdictionary.

A.hasaskedtoB.wasaskedto

C.isaskedD.asksto

story_____byGrannyyesterday.

A.wastoldusB.wastoldtous

C.istoldusD.toldus

monkeywasseen_____offthetree.

A.jumpB.jumpsC.jumpedD.tojump

people____well.

A.looksafterB.mustbelookedafter

C.mustlookafterD.lookedafter

teacher______carefully.

A.shouldbelistenedtoB.shouldbelisten

C.belistenedD.islistened

15.Insomepartoftheworld,tea_______withmilkandsugar.

A.isservingB.isservedC.servesD.served

16.Itwasreportedthatthemurderer_______arrested.

A.hasbeenB.hadbeenC.hasD.had

17.Doyouthinkthatthebridge______inayear？

A.wouldbecompletedB.willbecompleted

C.hadbeencompletedD.isbeingcompleted

18.Greatchanges_______inChinasincethePeople’sRepublicofChina_______in1949.

A.havetakenplace;wasfoundedB.hastakenplace;wasfounded

C.havebeentakenplace;foundedD.tookplace;founded

19.—WhydoesLingLinglooksounhappy？

—Shehas_______byherclassmates.

A.laughedB.laughedat

C.beenlaughedD.beenlaughedat

20.Doctors_______ineverypartoftheworld.

A.needB.areneedingC.areneededD.willneed

21.Ipromisethatmatterwill_______.

A.betakencareB.betakencareof

C.takecareD.takecareof

22.Nopermissionhas________foranybodytoenterthebuilding.

A.beengivenB.givenC.togiveD.begiven

23.I___tenminutestodecidewhetherIshouldrejecttheoffer.

A.gaveB.wasgivenC.wasgivingD.hadgiven

24.Cansuchathing_____happeningagain？

A.preventfromB.preventedfrom

C.bepreventedfromD.topreventfrom

25.Anewhouse________atthecorneroftheroad.

A.isbuildingB.isbeingbuilt

C.beenbuiltD.bebuilding

26.Thisbike________lastyear.

A.boughtB.hasbeenboughtC.wasboughtD.hadbeenbought

27.Didyouseethehousethat_______byfirelastyear？

A.wasdestroyingB.destroyedC.woulddestroyD.wasdestroyed

28.It_______whethershewillgetherworkinthehospital.

A.hasn’tbeendecidedB.isn’tdeciding

C.doesn’tdecideD.hasn’tdecided

29.Thepen_______me.Itishers.

A.isn’tbelongtoB.wasn’tbelongto

C.doesn’tbelongtoD.didn’tbelongto

30.Ican’tusemybikebecauseit_______.

A.isrepairingB.isbeingrepaired

C.willrepairD.wasrepairing

31.Thechairmantoldthespeakerthatshe______tospeakalittleloudersoastomakeherself_____.

A.wasexpected;heardB.hadexpected;hear.

Chadhoped;hearD.washoped;heard

32．—Thewindowisdirty.

—Iknow.It_____forweeks.A.hasn’tcleanedB.didn’tclean

C.wasn’tcleanedD.hasn’tbeencleaned

33.Bytheendoflastyear,anothernewgymnasium_______in

Beijing.

A.wouldbecompletedB.wasbeingcompleted

C.hasbeencompletedD.hadbeencompleted

34.—Howlong_______atthisjob？

—Since1990.

A.wereyouemployedB.haveyoubeenemployed

C.hadyoubeenemployedD.willyoubeemployed

35.—Whathappenedtothepricelessworksofart？

—_______.

A.Theyweredestroyedintheearthquake

B.Theearthquakewasdestroyingthem

C.Theydestroyedintheearthquake

D.Theearthquakedestroyedthem

36.ThisisTed’sphoto.Wemisshimalot.He_______tryingtosaveachildinthe