2019高考英語最后沖刺增分小題狂練④

資料僅供參考文件編號：2022年4月版本號：A修改號：1頁次：1.0審核：批準:發(fā)布日期：小題狂練④Ⅰ.完形填空[2019·武漢市畢業(yè)班訓練]Mymomwasanurseandoftentookmealongtovisitthefamiliesshewascaringfor.Amongthemwasawomanwhohada(n)__1__diseaseandwasalwayslyingonthebed.Oneafternoon,mymomtoldmethatweneededto__2__thewomanatherhometo__3__treatment,andwewouldstopatastore__4__.Ithoughtwewouldstopata__5__store,butwepulleduptoa__6__.Mymomheadedtothemake-up__7__andboughtthemostexpensivebottleof__8__theyoffered.Shealsoboughta__9__nightdress.WhenIaskedmymomwhothesethingswerefor,shesaidtheywereforherpatient.Mymom__10__explainedthatalthoughthiswomanwasolderandunableto__11__herbed,shewasstillalady,andshe__12__dignityandbeauty.She__13__tomethatwhenwecareforsomeone,we__14__thedisabilityortheillnessandwelookintothe__15__ofthehumansowecanconnectwiththemwithsympathy.I__16__realizedthatmymom's__17__strengthswerecaringfortheveryyoungandtheveryold,thosewhocannot__18__themselvesandneedtrustworthycareproviders.Iknewin9thgradeIwouldbecomea__19__.Today,Iworkasaclinicalpsychologist,andI'mnot__20__thatIfindmypracticefilledwithpatientswhoareveryyoungandveryold.體裁：夾敘夾議文題材：人生感悟主題：了解病人的靈魂【文章大意】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。本文主要講述的是作者小時候和母親一起去看望病人時，母親對作者說了一些話以及母親的這些話對作者的影響。【高頻詞回顧】deservevt.應受，應得1．A.commonB．seriousC．rareD．a(chǎn)ctive答案與解析：B根據(jù)下文中的“wasalwayslyingonthebed”可知，其中有一位女士患了嚴重的(serious)病。2．A.studyB．searchC．persuadeD．visit答案與解析：D根據(jù)上文中的“Mymomwasanurseandoftentookmealongtovisitthefamiliesshewascaringfor”可知，母親告訴作者他們需要去看望(visit)那位女士。3．A.helpwithB．respondtoC．requireD．get答案與解析：A根據(jù)上文中的“shewascaringfor”可知，母親作為一名護士照顧病人，故此處表示“去幫助(helpwith)治療”。4．A.allthewayB．theotherwayC．onthewayD．intheway答案與解析：C根據(jù)上文中的“atherhome”可知，作者和母親一起去一位女病人的家里，所以此處應該是指在去的路上(ontheway)。5．A.fruitB．clothingC．drugD．specialty答案與解析：C上文說母親是一名護士，在和作者一起去看病人，所以此處表示作者原以為母親會到藥(drug)店里。6．A.garageB．restaurantC．factoryD．supermarket答案與解析：D根據(jù)下文中的“Mymomheadedtothemake-up...nightdress”可知，作者他們去了一家超市(supermarket)。7．A.counterB．roomC．mirrorD．box答案與解析：A根據(jù)常識和下文中的“themostexpensivebottle”可知，作者的母親朝化妝品柜臺(counter)走去。8．A.wineB．perfumeC．juiceD．milk答案與解析：B根據(jù)空前的“themostexpensivebottle”和下文中的“dignityandbeauty”可知，作者的母親購買了一瓶最昂貴的香水(perfume)。9．A.comfortableB．strangeC．usefulD．beautiful答案與解析：D根據(jù)下文中的“shewasstillalady”和“dignityandbeauty”可知，母親也為她購買了一件漂亮的(beautiful)睡衣。10．A.furtherB．thusC．stillD．once答案與解析：A根據(jù)上文中的“WhenIaskedmymomwhothesethingswerefor,shesaidtheywereforherpatient”可知，此處母親進一步(further)向作者解釋。11．A.approachB．makeC．leaveD．touch答案與解析：C根據(jù)上文中的“andwasalwayslyingonthebed”可知，此處為這位女士不能離開(leave)她的床。12．A.managedB．deservedC．challengedD．requested答案與解析：B根據(jù)語境可知，雖然這位女士年紀大了，不能離開她的床，但她依然值得(擁有)(deserved)尊嚴和美麗。13．A.turnedB．reportedC．wroteD．explained答案與解析：D根據(jù)上文中的“Mymom__10__explainedthatalthoughthiswoman”可知，母親向作者解釋(explained)。14．A.lookforB．lookatC．lookupD．lookpast答案與解析：D此處表示“當我們關心一個人的時候，我們會忽略(lookpast)他的殘疾或疾病，并且我們會深入了解他的靈魂(soul)”。15．A.courageB．futureC．soulD．development答案與解析：C參見上題解析。16．A.evenB．soonC．neverD．a(chǎn)gain答案與解析：B作者不久(soon)意識到母親的最大(great)長處就是照顧那些非常年幼的和非常年老的人。17．A.greatB．financialC．physicalD．various答案與解析：A參見上題解析。18．A.prepareforB．leavebehindC．lookafterD．giveup答案與解析：C根據(jù)上文中的“fortheveryyoungandtheveryold”和下文中的“needtrustworthycareproviders”可知，這些人都是一些不能自理(lookafter)的人。19．A.writerB．doctorC．chemistD．patient答案與解析：B根據(jù)下文中的“Iworkasaclinicalpsychologist”和“mypracticefilledwithpatients”可知，九年級的時候作者就立志成為一名醫(yī)生(doctor)。20．A.surprisedB．pleasedC．positiveD．silent答案與解析：A作者對自己在工作中面對非常年幼的和非常年老的病人不會感到驚奇(surprised)。Ⅱ.七選五[2019·山東師大附中模擬]Anewstudyonstudentsagingfrom6to22foundthatstudentsaresixtimesmorelikelytoexhibitdepressionsymptoms(癥狀)thanthegeneralpeople.ResearchersledbyTeresaEvans,aprofessorattheUniversityofTexasHealthScienceCenteratSanAntonio,surveyed2,279volunteersin26differentcountries.__21__Comparedwithpreviousresearchonnon-studentpopulations,studentsweremorelikelytoexperienceanxietyanddepression,ashasbeenshowninthisresearch.Approximately40%ofthevolunteersscoredmoderatetosevereforanxiety.Whilenearly40percentshowedsignsofmoderatetoseveredepression.Andfemalesappearedtobesufferingmoreseverely.__22__Itshouldserveasawake-upcallfortheattention.It'snothardtounderstandwhy.Ontheonehand,longhoursofstudy,socialisolation,andfeelingsoffailurecanbreakeventhemostmotivatedpersonsamongus.__23____24__Ofthestudentswhoexperiencedmoderatetosevereanxiety,56%didnotagreethattheirwork-lifebalancewas“good”.Amongstudentswithdepression,morethanhalfdidnotagree,soitseemsquitenecessaryorevenurgenttoteachstudentstolearntorestandseekentertainmentinthemeantimeoftheirtightstudy.Propermentorship(導師指導)isanotheraspectthatcanhaveapositiveeffectonastudent'smentalhealth.Amongthesurveyedstudentswithanxietyordepression,onlyhalfagreedthattheirimmediatementorsprovided“real”mentorship.__25__A．Mostofthemarestudents.B．70%ofthemwerefemaleand30%male.C．Onesolutionisimprovingthestudy-lifebalance.D．Thehighratesofanxietyanddepressionarealarming.E．Studentsfeelanxiousorevenstressedwiththemcombined.F．Alsolackofnecessaryinstructionsseemstomakethingsworse.G．Sobuildingupanimmediateassistance-providingsystemturnoutquiteurgent.體裁：說明文題材：飲食與健康主題：學生患抑郁癥幾率大的原因【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了一項針對6－22歲學生的新研究。研究對象為來自26個國家的2279名志愿者。研究表明學生患抑郁癥的幾率是一般人的六倍，并解釋了原因及解決方法?！倦y句分析】Anewstudyonstudentsagingfrom6to22foundthatstudentsaresixtimesmorelikelytoexhibitdepressionsymptoms(癥狀)thanthegeneralpeople.(第一段第一句)分析：本句是主從復合句。that引導賓語從句，作found的賓語。譯文：一項針對6到22歲的學生的新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)學生患抑郁癥的幾率是一般人的六倍。詞匯積累：depressionn．抑郁；精神憂郁surveyv．調查previousadj.先前的21．答案與解析：B根據(jù)空格前的“surveyed2,279volunteersin26differentcountries”和第二段倒數(shù)第三句“Andfemalesappearedtobesufferingmoreseverely.”可推知，空格處應是介紹研究對象的組成形式，B項承上啟下，符合語境，故選B項。22．答案與解析：D根據(jù)空格后的“Itshouldserveasawake-upcallfortheattention.”可知，它應該作為一種提醒人們注意的警告。D項“焦慮和抑郁的高發(fā)率令人擔憂”與下文聯(lián)系緊密，故選D項。23．答案與解析：F根據(jù)空格前“Ontheonehand,longhoursofstudy,socialisolation,andfeelingsoffailurecanbreakeventhemostmotivatedpersonsamongus.”可推知，空格處應是產(chǎn)生焦慮和抑郁的另一個原因。F項“此外，缺乏必要的指導似乎讓事情變得更糟”承接上文，符合語境，故選F項。24．答案與解析：C根據(jù)空格后的“Ofthestudentswhoexperiencedmoderatetosevereanxiety,56%didnotagreethattheirwork-lifebalancewas‘good’．”可知，空格處應與“平衡”有關。C項“一種解決辦法是改善學習與生活之間的平衡”與下文聯(lián)系緊密，故選C項。25．答案與解析：G根據(jù)空格前的“Amongthesurveyedstudentswithanxietyordepression,onlyhalfagreedthattheirimmediatementorsprovided‘real’mentorship.”可知，在被調查的患有焦慮和抑郁的學生里，只有一半同意他們的直接導師提供“真正的”指導。G項“因此，建立一個即時的援助系統(tǒng)是非常緊急的”與上文聯(lián)系緊密，符合語境，故選G項。Ⅲ.語法填空[2018·全國卷Ⅰ]Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyears__26__(long)thannon-runners.Youdon'thavetorunfastorforlong__27__(see)thebenefit.Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof__28__(die)earlybyrunning.Whilerunningregularlycan'tmakeyouliveforever，thereviewsaysit__29__(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglife__30__walking,cyclingorswimming.Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin2014__31__showedamerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromall__32__(cause)．Thebestexerciseisonethatyouenjoyandwilldo.Butotherwise...it'sprobablyrunning.Toavoidkneepain,youcanrunonsoftsurfaces,doexercisesto__33__(strength)yourlegmuscles(肌肉),avoidhillsandgetgoodrunningshoes.Runningischeap,easyandit'salways__34__(energy).Ifyouaretimepoor,youneedrunforonlyhalfthetimetogetthesamebenefitsasothersports,soperhapsweshouldallgive__35__atry.體裁：說明文題材：健康主題：跑步帶來多種健康益處【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了跑步帶來的多種健康益處。一本醫(yī)學雜志上的評論及研究表明，跑步不僅使人長壽，而且可以降低死亡的風險。26．答案與解析：longer考查副詞。句中有than，故用long的比較級longer。27．答案與解析：tosee考查非謂語動詞。本句有謂語，因此此處應用非謂語動詞；分析句子結構及句意可知，此處應用動詞不定式tosee作目的狀語。28．答案與解析：dying考查非謂語動詞。短語reduceone'sriskof...“降低某人……的風險”，此處介詞of后用動名詞作賓語。29．答案與解析：is考查動詞的時態(tài)和主謂一致。本文介紹了跑步的好處，通篇以一般現(xiàn)在時為主。本句中賓語從句與主句的時態(tài)應保持一致，故用一般現(xiàn)在時；賓語從句中的主語為it，故用is。30．答案與解析：than考查介詞。根據(jù)句中的more可知，此處應用連詞than引出比較對象。此處表示跑步比散步、騎行或游泳更能有效地延長壽命，故填than。31．答案與解析：that/which考查定語從句。分析句子結構可知，此處引導定語從句，先行詞為astudy，且定語從句中缺少主語，故填關系代詞that/which。32．答案與解析：causes考查名詞。此處cause是可數(shù)名詞，意為“原因”，句中的all表示“所有”，后應用可數(shù)名詞的復數(shù)形式，故填causes。33．答案與解析：strengthen考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，此處為動詞不定式作目的狀語，故本空應填動詞strengthen，意為“增強，加強”。34．答案與解析：energetic考查形容詞。and連接兩個并列分句，兩個分句都表示跑步的特征，and前面的cheap和easy均為形容詞，故此處應用形容詞energetic作表語，意為“需要能量的；劇烈的”。35．答案與解析：it/running考查固定搭配。giveitatry為固定搭配，意為“試一試”，根據(jù)語境可知，it指代running，故可填it或running。Ⅳ.短文改錯[2019·武漢訓練]Thatnightwasextremelyhot,soIopenedallthewindowsanddoors.Gradually,Ifallasleep.ItsuddenlyrainedheavyinthemidnightandIfeltcold.ThenextmorningIwasill.Mothertookmetothehospital，butthedoctorsaidIhadafeverandthatImuststayinbedinacoupleofdays.Backathome,Itooksomemedicineandsoonfeltmuchwell.Feelingbored，Iwalkedtothebalconyandstoodtherewatchingpeoplecomeandgoinginthestreet.Thewindwascoolbeforetherain.InawhileIfeltsocoldmybodywastrembling.Iwasrushedtothehospitalagain.ThattimeIstayedthereuntilIwasfullyrecovered.答案：Thatnightwasextremelyhot,soIopenedallthewindowsanddoors.Gradually,Ieq\o(fall,\s\do10(①fell))asleep.Itsuddenlyrainedeq\o(heavy,\s\do10(②heavily))inthemidnightandIfeltcold.ThenextmorningIwasill.Mothertookmetotheho