常用醫(yī)學英語前后綴

最常用醫(yī)學英語前后綴最常用醫(yī)學英語前后綴最常用醫(yī)學英語前后綴資料僅供參考文件編號：2022年4月最常用醫(yī)學英語前后綴版本號：A修改號：1頁次：1.0審核：批準:發(fā)布日期：100個最最常用醫(yī)學前后綴Table1Examplesoforgansandsystems（部分器官與系統(tǒng)術語）中文普通前/后綴形容詞示例心heartcardiocardiaccardialcardiology心臟病學endocarditis心內(nèi)膜炎myocarditis心肌炎腦braincerebroencephalocraniocerebralcranialcerebrum大腦cerebellum小腦encephalopathy腦病intracranial顱內(nèi)的肺lungpulmopulmonarypulmonology肺病學pulmonectomy肺切除pulmonitis肺炎肝liverhepatohepatichepatitis肝炎hepatobiliary肝膽的hepatoenterostomy肝腸吻合腎kidneyNephro-RRenalnephritis腎炎nephropathy腎病nephrectomy腎切除renopathy;renin胃stomachgastrogastricgastritis胃炎gastroenteritis胃腸炎gastrectomy胃切除腸intestinegutbowelEntero;Intestino-intestinalenteritis腸炎grastroenteritis胃腸炎enterostomy腸造口術食道/管esophagusesophagoesophagealesophagitis食道炎esophagoscopy食道鏡esophagoplasty食道成形術膽（汁）gallbladderBilecholebiliarycholecystitis膽囊炎cholecystectomy膽囊切除cholelithiasis膽結(jié)石cholesterol脾spleenSpleno;spleeno-splenicsplenectomy脾切除spenomegaly脾大cardiomegalysomatomegaly胰pancreaspancreatopancreaticpancreatitis胰腺炎pancreatectomy胰腺切除pancreatopathy胰腺病膀胱bladdercystcystocysticcystitis膀胱炎cytectomy膀胱切除cystotomy切開cystostomy造口，吻合cystography膀胱造影（泌）尿urineurourethrourinaryurology泌尿病學transurethral經(jīng)尿道的urosurgery泌尿外科直腸anusrectorectalrectoscopy直腸鏡檢查rectoplasty直腸成形術rectocolitis直腸結(jié)腸炎結(jié)腸coloncolocolonalcolitis結(jié)腸炎colorectoscopy直腸結(jié)腸鏡檢查colostomy結(jié)腸造口肌musclemyomuscularmyocarditis心肌炎myoma肌瘤myotonia肌強直關節(jié)jointarthroarticulararthritis關節(jié)炎osteoarthritis骨關節(jié)炎arthropathy關節(jié)病骨bonebonyosteoosteoplasty骨整形osteogenesis骨生長osteopathy骨病髓marrowmyemyeloma骨髓瘤myelitis骨髓炎myelopathy骨髓病血bloodhematohematology血液學hematoma血腫hemastasis止血血管vesselvasoangiovascularcardiovascularaccident(CVA)心血管意外cerebrovascular腦血管的vasopressin血管加壓素angiography血管造影動脈arteryarterioarterialarteriosclerosis動脈硬化靜脈veinvenovenousIntravenous靜脈內(nèi)的神經(jīng)nerveneuronervousneurosurgery神經(jīng)外科neuron神經(jīng)元neuroma神經(jīng)瘤細胞cellcytocellularleukocyte白細胞cytology細胞學cytoma細胞瘤眼eyeophthalmooculoocularvisualophthalmology眼科學ophthalmitis眼炎ophthalmalgia眼痛耳earaudioauditoryaudibleAudiometer聽力計Audiovisual視聽的audiosurgery耳外科鼻noserhinonasonasalrhinorrhea鼻溢rhinopharyngeal鼻咽的nasogastric鼻胃的口mouthorooralorolingual口舌的舌tonguelinguolingualsublingual舌下的lingustics語言學linguoplacement舌向移位咽喉throatlaryngopharyngolaryngealpharyngeallaryngectomy喉切除laryngitis喉炎pharyngitis咽炎氣管airwayairpipeairpassagetracheotrachealtracheostomy氣管插管tracheoscope氣管鏡tracheoesophageal氣管食道的Table2Examplesofdiseasedstates(部分病態(tài)術語)含義前/后綴示例病patho--pathypathogen病原,pathology病理學,nephropathy腎病,encephalopathy腦病病態(tài)-osisneurosis神經(jīng)病,tuberculosis肺結(jié)核增多-osisleukocytosis白細胞增多癥減少-peniapancytosis全血細胞減少炎癥-itisarthritis關節(jié)炎，hepatitis肝炎腫塊-omalymphoma淋巴瘤，hematoma血腫,carcinoma癌疼痛-algia-algesiaanalgesia止痛血癥-emialeukemia白血病，septicemia敗血癥,bacteremia菌血癥anemia麻痹-plegiahemiplegia偏癱，myoplegia肌肉麻痹壞死necro-necrosishepatonecrosis肝壞死，necrospermia精子壞死不良Malmalnutrition營養(yǎng)不良，malfunction功能障礙,malpractice醫(yī)療差錯流出-rrheadiarrhea腹瀉，rhinorrhea鼻溢,hypermenorrhea月經(jīng)過多困難/障礙Dysdysfunction功能障礙，dyspepsia消化不良,dyspnea呼吸困難無A;anatypical不典型的，asymptomatic無癥狀的,agranulocytosis粒細胞減少癥anemia復合/多Poly-polyuria多尿，polyopia復視巨-megalysplenomegaly脾大，acromegaly指端肥大癥,hepatomegaly肝大結(jié)石litho-lithcholelithes膽結(jié)石，lithiasis結(jié)石癥Table3Examplesofsurgicalterminology（部分外科術語）含義前/后綴示例切除-ectomygastrectomy,appectectomy,laryngectomy切開-tomytracheotomy,hysterotomy,craniotomy造口/吻合-stomycolostomy,ileostomy,tracheostomy整（矯）形ortho-orthopedics,orthotherapy,orthposurgery造影-graphyangiography,nephrography,radiography經(jīng)…trans-transurethral,transcutaneous,transfusion成形-plastyosteoplasty,myoplasty,esophagoplastyTable4Examplesofdirectionsandpositions(部分方向位置)含義普通前/后綴示例上Upper,superiorepi-,supra-epigastric上腹部的，supraclavicular鎖骨上的下lower,inferiorinfra-,sub-subclavicular,鎖骨下的，subcostal肋下的,inferiorvenacava下腔靜脈前front,anterior,priorfore-,ante,pre-,antero,forehead,前額，anteroposterior前后的/正位的后back,posterior,rearpost-,retro-,postero-postprandial餐后的，retroperitoneal腹膜后的內(nèi)inner,internalIn-,intra,endo,ento-Inhalation吸入，endoscope內(nèi)窺鏡,intracranial顱內(nèi)的外outer,externalex-,exo-extract提取，excretion排泄,exocardial心外的側(cè)lateralbilateral雙側(cè)的，unilateral單側(cè)的,contralateral對側(cè)的,isolateral同側(cè)的旁/副adjacent,appendixpara-parathyroid甲狀旁腺，paracancer癌旁周peripheral,aroundperi-Perioperative圍術的，perinatal圍產(chǎn)的間betweeninter-intercostal肋間的，intercedllular細胞間的中心Centralcentro-,centri-centrifuge離心，centronucleus中心核橫向,經(jīng)...transversetrans-tranfusion輸血，transcutaneous經(jīng)皮的Table5Examplesofcellsandcolors（部分細胞與顏色）含義前/后綴示例色chromo/cromochromosome染色體，cromolyn色苷酸鈉紅erythroerythrocyte,erythrocytosis白Leukoleukocyte,leukemia,leukocytuira黑melanomelanoma,melena黑便青、藍Cyanocyanosis紫紺,cyanemia藍血癥淋巴Lymphlymphocyte,lymphoma,粒granulogranulocyte,granulocytosis成細胞Blastfibroblast成纖細胞網(wǎng)狀reticuloreticulocyte網(wǎng)狀細胞嗜堿的basi,baso,alkalobasophil嗜堿性粒細胞嗜酸的eosino,acidoeosinocyte,eosnophil嗜酸性粒細胞凝血的thrombothrombocyte凝血細胞（=血小板platelet）Table6Examplesofcompounds(部分化合物)含義前/后綴示例（酸）鹽-atesulfate硫酸鹽,nitrate硝酸鹽,acetate醋酸鹽醇-olalcohol酒精,taxol紫杉醇,ethanol乙醇,allopurinol別嘌啉醇醛-almethylal甲縮醛,retinal視黃醛糖-saccharide,glyco-,gluco-,saccharo-glycogen糖原,glucose葡萄糖,saccharide糖,polysaccharide多糖酮-oneketone酮，acetone丙酮,ketoacidosis酮酸中毒酶-asetransaminase轉(zhuǎn)氨酶,reductase還原酶素-inheparin肝素,nuclein核素,erythromycin紅霉素原-genantigen抗原,collagen膠原苯基/酚phenol-Phenol酚（石炭酸）,ph