大學(xué)生英語(yǔ)六級(jí)閱讀強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練題及答案

大學(xué)生英語(yǔ)六級(jí)閱讀強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練題及答案Ingeneral,oursocietyisbecomingoneofgiantenterprisesdirectedbyabureaucratic(官僚主義的)managementinwhichmanbecomesasmall,well-oiledcoginthemachinery.Theoilingisdonewithhigherwages,Nell-ventilatedfactoriesandpipedmusic,andbypsychologistsand“human?Crelations”experts;yetallthisoilingdoesnotalterthefactthatmanhasbecomepowerless,thatheisboredwithit.Infact,theblueandthewhite-collarworkershavebecomeeconomicpuppetswhodancetothetuneofautomatedmachinesandbureaucraticmanagement.Theworkerandemployeeareanxious,notonlybecausetheymightfindthemselvesoutofajob;theyareanxiousalsobecausetheyareunabletoacquireanyrealsatisfactionofinterestinglife.Theyliveandiewithouteverhavingconfrontedthefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistenceasemotionallyandintellectuallyindependentandproductivehumanbeings.Thosehigheruponthesocialladderarenolessanxious.Theirlivesarenolessemptythanthoseoftheirsubordinates.Theyareevenmoreinsecureinsomerespects.Theyareinahighlycompetitiverace.Tobepromotedortofallbehindisnotamatterofsalarybutevenmoreamatterofself-respect.Whentheyapplyfortheirfirstjob,theyaretestedforintelligenceaswellasfortherightmixtureofsubmissivenessandindependence.Fromthemomentontheyaretestedagainandagain?Cbythepsychologists,forwhomtestingisabigbusiness,andbytheirsuperiors,whojudgetheirbehavior,sociability,capacitytogetalong,etc.Thisconstantneedtoprovethatoneisasgoodasorbetterthanone’sfellow?Ccompetitorcreatesconstantanxietyandstress,theverycausesofunhappinessandillness.AmIsuggestingthatweshouldreturntothepreidustrialmodeofproductionortonineteenth-century“freeenterprise“capitalism?Certainlynot.Problemsareneversolvedbyreturningtoastagewhichonehasalreadyoutgrown.Isuggesttransformingoursocialsystemformabureaucraticallymanagedindustrialisminwhichmaximalproductionandconsumptionareendsinthemselvesintoahumanistindustrialisminwhichmanandfulldevelopmentofhispotentialities?Cthoseofallloveandofreason?Caretheaimsofsocialarrangements.Productionandconsumptionshouldserveonlyasmeanstothisend,andshouldbepreventedfromrulingman.1.By“awell-oiledcoginthemachinery“theauthorintendstodelivertheideathatmanis____.A.anecessarypartofthesocietythougheachindividual’sfunctionisnegligibleB.workingincompleteharmonywiththerestofthesocietyC.anunimportantpartincomparisonwiththerestofthesocietyD.ahumblecomponentofthesociety,especiallywhenworkingsmoothly2.Therealcauseoftheanxietyoftheworkersandemployeesisthat____.A.theyarelikelytolosetheirhobsB.theyhavenogenuinesatisfactionorinterestinlifeC.theyarefacedwiththefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistenceD.theyaredeprivedoftheirindividualityandindependenceEgyptEversinceHerodotus2,theancientGreekhistorianandtraveler,firstdescribedEgyptas“thegiftoftheNile3”,shehasbeencapturingtheimaginationofallwhovisither.Theawe-inspiringmonuments,leftbythePharaohs,GreeksandRomansaswellasbytheearlyChristiansandMuslims,attractthousandsofvisitorseveryyear―butthepyramids,temples,tombs,monasteriesandmosquesarejustpartofthiscountry’sfascination.ModernEgypt―wheremud-brickvillagesstandbesidePharaonicruinssurroundedbytoweringsteel,stoneandglassbuildings―isattheculturalcrossroadsofEastandWest,ancientandmodern.WhileTVantennaedecoraterooftopseverywhere,fromthecrowdedapartmentblocksofCairotothemudhomesoffarmingvillagesandthegoatskintentsoftheBedouins4,thefellahinthroughouttheNile’sfertilevalleystilltendtheirfieldswiththearchaictoolsoftheirancestors.Inthegargantuan5cityofCairothesoundofthemuezzin6summoningthefaithfultoprayercompeteswiththepopmusicofghettoblasters7andthescreechofcarhorns.Andeverywheretherearepeople:swathedinlongflowingrobesorwestern-styleclothes,hangingfrombuses,weavingthroughanobstaclecourseofanimalsandexhaust-spewingtrafficorspillingfromhivelikebuildings.Spectacularedificesaside,theattractionofthiscountryliesinitsincrediblenaturalbeautyandintheoverwhelminghospitalityoftheEgyptianpeople.ThrougheverythingtheNileRiverflowssereneandmajestic,thelifebloodofEgyptasithasbeensincethebeginningofhistory.閱讀自測(cè)Ⅰ.Givethesynonymstothefollowingwords:1.archaic2.swathe3.incredible4.screech5.serene6.gargantuanⅡ.TranslatethesentencesintoEnglishwiththewordsinparentheses:1.她的精彩表演使觀眾為之神往。(capture)2.她初見長(zhǎng)城時(shí),敬畏之感油然而生。(awe)3.他被召進(jìn)宮里。(summon)4.消除緊張的方法在于學(xué)會(huì)放松。(lie)參考答案Ⅰ.1.ancient/antique2.wrap/clothe3.unbelievable/inconceivable4.shriek/scream5.quiet/tranquil/peaceful6.giant/huge/tremendousⅡ.1.Herbrilliantperformancecapturedtheaudience’simagination.2.HerfirstviewoftheGreatWallfilledherwithawe.3.Hewassummonedtothepalace.4.Thecureforstressliesinlearningtorelax.參考譯文尼羅河的饋贈(zèng)―埃及自古希臘歷史學(xué)家、旅行家希羅多德首次將埃及描述為“尼羅河的禮物”以來(lái),埃及就一直讓所有參觀過此地的人為之神往。法老們、希臘人、羅馬人以及早期基督徒和穆斯林們遺留下來(lái)的歷史遺跡使人產(chǎn)生敬畏之心,每年都吸引了成千上萬(wàn)的參觀者―金字塔、廟宇、陵墓、修道院和清真寺,它們只是這個(gè)國(guó)家令人著迷的事物中的一部分?，F(xiàn)代埃及泥磚搭建的村莊和法老王宮的廢墟咫尺而立,它們又被由鋼鐵、石塊和玻璃建成的高聳的大廈所包圍正處在東西文化和古今文明的交叉口上。無(wú)論是開羅擁擠的公寓樓,還是農(nóng)場(chǎng)村莊的泥土房和貝都因人山羊皮搭成的帳篷,這些屋頂上如今都架著電視天線,與此同時(shí),肥沃的尼羅河流域的農(nóng)民們還依舊用先祖?zhèn)冊(cè)褂玫脑脊ぞ哒樟现?。在開羅這個(gè)大城市,宣禮員召喚忠實(shí)信徒做禱告的聲音與黑人音盒里放出來(lái)的.流行音樂及汽車?yán)鹊拇潭鷩[鳴交相呼應(yīng)。到處都是人:裹著飄拂長(zhǎng)袍的或穿著西式服裝的,他們有的懸吊在公交車外面,有的在夾雜著家畜和排著廢氣的車輛的路上迂回穿行,還有的從蜂窩式的樓群里一涌而出。除了富麗豪華的摩天大廈之外,這個(gè)國(guó)家吸引人的地方還在于她那壯美的自然風(fēng)光和埃及人民極度熱情好客的風(fēng)俗。尼羅河流過萬(wàn)物,有史以來(lái),它就是那么靜謐、高貴,它是埃及的血脈。3.Fromthepassagewecanconcludethatrealhappinessoflifebelongstothose_