一輪復(fù)習(xí)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞概要課件

非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是高考的必考考點(diǎn)，（完形、語(yǔ)法填空、改錯(cuò)）分?jǐn)?shù)比重很大，不僅如此，掌握非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的基本用法，對(duì)增強(qiáng)書面表達(dá)的文采和提高閱讀理解能力都有明顯的作用。首先，我們回顧一下非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)法功能(在句中充當(dāng)何種成分)：考點(diǎn)解密非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是高考的必考考點(diǎn)，（完形、語(yǔ)法填空、改主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)動(dòng)名詞doing不定式todo分詞done/doing主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)動(dòng)名詞不定式分詞考點(diǎn)1：作主語(yǔ)表示一般的、泛指的或習(xí)慣性的行為用-ing；表示具體的、一次性的或?qū)?lái)的動(dòng)作用to

do

?？键c(diǎn)2：作表語(yǔ)(1)動(dòng)名詞和不定式作表語(yǔ)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的具體內(nèi)容。(2)分詞作表語(yǔ)則說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)，像puzzling,surprising,exciting等-ing分詞表示“令人……的(事物)”；像puzzled,surprised,excited等-ed分詞表示“(人)感到……的”?？键c(diǎn)1：作主語(yǔ)考點(diǎn)3：作賓語(yǔ)(1)有些動(dòng)詞只能用不定式作賓語(yǔ)。如refuse,expect,promise,decide,offer,pretend等。(2)有些動(dòng)詞只能用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。如：keep,allow,finish,enjoy,mind,practice,avoid,admit,advise,consider,imagine,appreciate,escape等。(3)在表示“需要”的need,want和require等后用-ing形式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，也可用不定

式的被動(dòng)式。

考點(diǎn)3：作賓語(yǔ)(4)在forget,remember,regret,mean,try等動(dòng)詞后

既可接動(dòng)名詞，也可接不定式，但意義差別較大。(5)在介詞之后用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。注意to是介詞的短

語(yǔ)，如be/getusedto,beaccustomedto(習(xí)慣于),contribute…to,devoteoneselfto,getdownto,lookforwardto等。(6)含介詞的固定句式：prevent/stop/keepsb./sth.+fromdoing

阻止……做……(4)在forget,remember,regret,spend/wastetimeormoney+indoing在做……方面花費(fèi)/浪費(fèi)時(shí)間或金錢havesomedifficulty/troubleindoing在做……方面有些困難haveahardtimeindoingsth.做某事很艱難thereisnosenseindoing做……是沒(méi)有理由/道理的(7)介詞后一般只能接動(dòng)名詞，但在表示“除……

外”的介詞but和except后，有時(shí)可接不定式；當(dāng)

前面有行為動(dòng)詞do時(shí)，不定式不帶to；前面沒(méi)有行

為動(dòng)詞do時(shí)，要帶to。spend/wastetimeormoney+in考點(diǎn)4：作賓補(bǔ)當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)與作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞在邏輯上是主動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)，用不定式(未來(lái)或全過(guò)程)或-ing形式(正在進(jìn)行或一直處于某種狀態(tài))；當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)與作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞在邏輯上是被動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)，用-ed形式?！菊?qǐng)注意復(fù)習(xí)以下6點(diǎn)：】(1)在ask,invite,encourage,advise,forbid,remind等

動(dòng)詞后，用帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)。(2)在help后作賓補(bǔ)的不定式帶不帶to均可。考點(diǎn)4：作賓補(bǔ)(3)在make,let,have等使役動(dòng)詞和feel,smell,hear,see,watch等感官動(dòng)詞后，一般用不帶to的不定式作賓

補(bǔ)，但在其被動(dòng)式后作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，要加上to。(4)在with的賓語(yǔ)后，若用-ed形式，表示賓語(yǔ)與-ed形

式在邏輯上是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且意味著該動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成；

若用-ing形式，表示賓語(yǔ)與-ing形式在邏輯上是主動(dòng)

關(guān)系，且表示動(dòng)作持續(xù)進(jìn)行。(3)在make,let,have等使役動(dòng)詞和feel,(5)getsb.todosth.=havesb.dosth.使某人做某事(主

動(dòng)、將來(lái));get/have…doing使……處于某一狀態(tài)中(主動(dòng)、持續(xù));get…done=havesth.done請(qǐng)人做/遭受(被動(dòng))。(6)makeoneself后常用understood,heard,seen,known等作賓補(bǔ)，表示讓別人明白自己的意思/讓自

己講的話被別人聽到/讓自己被別人看到/讓自己被

別人認(rèn)識(shí)。(5)getsb.todosth.=havesb（本節(jié)課重點(diǎn)）

考點(diǎn)5作狀語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)

（高考重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)）

（本節(jié)課重點(diǎn)）非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的基本形式主動(dòng)被動(dòng)動(dòng)詞不定式todo

一般todotobedone進(jìn)行tobedoing無(wú)完成tohavedonetohavebeendone完成進(jìn)行tohavebeendoing無(wú)主動(dòng)被動(dòng)現(xiàn)在分詞doing一般doingbeingdone完成havingdonehavingbeendone過(guò)去分詞done一般無(wú)done非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的基本形式主動(dòng)被動(dòng)動(dòng)一般todotobedo考點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)歸納1.主/被動(dòng)與意思2.動(dòng)作發(fā)生先后3.慣用語(yǔ)與固定用法4.否定形式的添加5.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)6.四大原則考點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)歸納1.主/被動(dòng)與意思考點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)一:主/被動(dòng)與意思___________(know)hisaddress,IaskedLucyforhelp.2)TheChineseareproudofthe29thOlympicGames_____(hold)inBeijingin2008._________________(tell)manytimes,hestillcouldn’tunderstandwhatIsaid.TomflewtoParisjustnow,hissecretary________(follow)himthenextFriday.NotknowingheldHavingbeentoldtofollow主動(dòng)被動(dòng)被動(dòng)主動(dòng)考點(diǎn)一:主/被動(dòng)與意思___________(know)

解題技巧：

找出非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)，或者被修飾的名詞：

1）主動(dòng)關(guān)系：就用doing/todo

2）被動(dòng)關(guān)系：就用done解題技巧：

找出非謂語(yǔ)考點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)歸納1.主/被動(dòng)與意思2.動(dòng)作發(fā)生先后3.慣用語(yǔ)與固定用法4.否定形式的添加5.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)6.四大原則考點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)歸納1.主/被動(dòng)與意思考點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)二:動(dòng)作發(fā)生先后TheywenttoShanghai,withtheirson______(leave)tohisgrandparents.Withsomuchhomework_________(finish),theydecidedtostayathome,_________________theirhomework,theywentouttoplayfootball.Look!Thehomework__________(do)nowseemsnotdifficult.Theyarebusynow,__________(prepare)fileswantedintheinterview.lefttofinishHavingfinishedbeingdonepreparing過(guò)去將來(lái)動(dòng)作先于謂語(yǔ)發(fā)生正進(jìn)行正進(jìn)行考點(diǎn)二:動(dòng)作發(fā)生先后TheywenttoShangha作狀語(yǔ)表時(shí)間或原因主動(dòng)和進(jìn)行,時(shí)間上無(wú)先后被動(dòng)和過(guò)去,時(shí)間上無(wú)先后主動(dòng)和進(jìn)行,時(shí)間上有先后被動(dòng)和過(guò)去,時(shí)間上有先后-ing-ed-havingdonehavingbeendone作狀語(yǔ)表時(shí)間或原因主動(dòng)和進(jìn)行,時(shí)間上無(wú)先后被動(dòng)和過(guò)去,時(shí)Standing

onthetopofthemountain,Ifoundtheschoolisverybeautiful.2.Seen

fromthemountain,theschoolisverybeautiful.3.Havingfinishedmyhomework,Iwenthomeimmediately.4.Havingbeenbeatenbymyfather,Iwentouttoseemymother.StandingonthetopofthemouHavingfinishedmyhomework,Iwenthomeimmediately.2.Havingbeenbeatenbymyfather,Iwentouttoseemymother.

Afterfinishingmyhomework,Iwenthomeimmediately.Havingdone=afterdoingAfterbeingbeatenbymyfather,Iwentouttoseemymother.Havingbeendone=afterbeingdoneHavingfinishedmyhomework,I考點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)歸納1.主/被動(dòng)與意思2.動(dòng)作發(fā)生先后3.慣用語(yǔ)與固定用法4.否定形式的添加5.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)6.四大原則考點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)歸納1.主/被動(dòng)與意思考點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)三:慣用語(yǔ)與固定用法________fromhisappearance,heisadoctor.A.JudgedB.havingjudgedC.judgingD.havingbeenjudged2)_______hisaccent,itcanbeinferredthatheisanEnglishman.A.consideringB.consideredC.tobeconsideredD.havingconsidered考點(diǎn)三:慣用語(yǔ)與固定用法________fromhis下列少數(shù)短語(yǔ)為慣用語(yǔ)，為固定形式。Judgingfrom,generallyspeaking,honestlyspeaking,strictlyspeaking,talkingof,speakingof,considering…..下列少數(shù)短語(yǔ)為慣用語(yǔ)，為固定形式。Judgingfrom考點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)歸納1.主/被動(dòng)與意思2.動(dòng)作發(fā)生先后3.慣用語(yǔ)與固定用法4.否定形式的添加5.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)6.四大原則考點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)歸納1.主/被動(dòng)與意思考點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)一:否定形式的添加____hisaddress,IaskedLucyforhelp.A.NotknowingB.havingnotknownC.neverknowD.knowingnever2)___________________________________________(receive)hisletter,Icalledhimuptoseewhathadhappenedtohim.3)Theyhavebeenaccustomed____wheneating.A.nottotalkB.nottotalkingC.tonottalkD.tonottalkingNothavingreceived/Havingneverreceived難點(diǎn)一:否定形式的添加____hisaddress,I否定式要把not加在-ing前面，或把never加在-ing后面.Nothavingreceived/Havingneverreceivedhisletter,

Icalledhimuptoseewhathadhappenedtohim.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的否定形式：not直接加在非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前面：①notdoing/nothavingdone/nottohavebeendone/②nottodo/nottobedone/nottohavedone/nottohavebeendone否定式要把not加在-ing前面，或把never加在-ing考點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)歸納1.主/被動(dòng)與意思2.動(dòng)作發(fā)生先后3.慣用語(yǔ)與固定用法4.否定形式的添加5.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)6.四大原則考點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)歸納1.主/被動(dòng)與意思考點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)二：獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)比較以下三個(gè)句子：Theteachercamein,carryingabaginhishand.Theteachercamein,withabagcarriedinhishand.Theteachercamein,abagcarriedinhishand.第三句是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)——有自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)——形成被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。難點(diǎn)二：獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)比較以下三個(gè)句子：第三句是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)—難點(diǎn)三:四大原則學(xué)習(xí)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，一定要做到以下兩點(diǎn)：一找：找邏輯主語(yǔ)二定：定主/被動(dòng)，定動(dòng)作發(fā)生先后。同時(shí)還得注意以下八大原則：難點(diǎn)三:四大原則學(xué)習(xí)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，一定要做到以下兩點(diǎn)：_____thefirstbus，theygotupandhurriedtothestationearlyinthemorning.A.HavingcaughtB.CatchC.TocatchD.Catching

原則一：用作目的狀語(yǔ)，原則上

要用不定式_____thefirstbus，theygot

2.Whenaskedwhyhewentthere，hesaidhewassentthere_____foraspaceflight.TrainingB.beingtrainedC.tohavetrainedD.tobetrained

2.WhenaskedwhyhewenttheAsthelightturnedgreen，Istoodforamoment，not_____，andaskedmyselfwhatIwasgoingtodo.

A.MovedB.movingC.tomoveD.beingmoved2.Peterreceivedaletterjustnow_____hisgrandmawouldcometoseehimsoon.

A.saidB.saysC.sayingD.tosay

原則二：用作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，原則上

要用現(xiàn)在分詞Asthelightturnedgreen，Is3.Wheneverhewasaskedwhyhewaslateforclass，hewouldanswercarelessly，always___thesamething.sayingB.saidC.tosayD.havingsaid

4.Weoftenprovideourchildrenwithtoys，footballsorbasketballs，___thatallchildrenlikethesethings.

A.thinkingB.thinkC.tothinkD.thought3.WheneverhewasaskedwhyhTheglassdoorshavetakentheplaceofthewoodenonesattheentrance，_____inthenaturallightduringtheday.A.toletB.lettingC.letD.havinglet2.Oilpriceshaverisenby32percentsincethestartoftheyear，___arecordUS$57.65abarrelonApril4.A.havereachedB.reachingC.toreachD.tobereaching

原則三：作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，用doing或todo，其區(qū)別是，doing表自然而然的結(jié)果，todo表出乎意料的結(jié)果.TheglassdoorshavetakentheHehurriedtothebookingofficeonly_____thatalltheticketshadbeensoldout.A.totellB.tobetoldC.tellingD.told

2.Hehurriedtothestationonly_____thatthetrainhadleft.

A.tofindB.findingC.foundD.tohavefound

Hehurriedtothebookingoffi原則四：對(duì)于固定搭配，原則上按搭配

習(xí)慣處理

1.____withsomuchtrouble，wefailedtocompletethetaskontime.

A.FacedB.FaceC.FacingD.Toface

2._____inawhiteuniform，helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.

A.DressedB.TodressC.DressingD.Havingdressed

原則四：對(duì)于固定搭配，原則上按搭配對(duì)比訓(xùn)練與鞏固對(duì)比訓(xùn)練與鞏固YourShowTimeYourShowTime1----Goodmorning.CanIhelpyou?----I’dliketohavethispackage_______,madam.A.beweighedB.tobeweighedC.toweighD.weighedD對(duì)比訓(xùn)練2.Therulesaysyoungchildrenundertheageof4and_____lessthan40poundsmustbeinachildsafetyseat.A.beingweighedB.toweighC.weighedD.weighingD1----Goodmorning.CanIhelpThelittleboyslippedoutofhisroomwithout_________.A.seeingB.seenC.beingseenD.tobeseen對(duì)比訓(xùn)練2.Pleaseexcusemeforleavingwithout________agoodbyelastnight.A.sayingB.havingsaidC.beingsaidD.saidCBThelittleboyslippedoutofImustleavenow.Iamsorry______somuchofyourvaluabletime.A.tohavetakenupB.totakeupC.havingtakenupD.takenup對(duì)比訓(xùn)練2.I’msorry_______youthatyouarefiredforyourendlessfaultsmadeduringyourwork.A.tohaveinformedC.toinformC.havinginformedD.informedABImustleavenow.Iamsorry_Jackreadtheletterfromhisparents,tears________downfromhischeek.A.comingB.tocomeC.beingcomeD.havingcome對(duì)比訓(xùn)練2._____twice,thepostmanrefusedtodeliverourlettersunlesswechainedourdog.A.BittenB.HavingbittenC.BeingbittenD.TobebittenAAJackreadtheletterfromhis1.Theexperimentshowsthatproperamountsofexercise,if____regularly,canimproveourhealth.(2010浙江卷)A.beingcarriedoutB.carriedoutC.carryingoutD.tocarryout2.Alexandertriedtogethiswork____inthemedicalcircles.(2010遼寧卷)A.torecognizeB.recognizingC.recognizeD.recognized

BD1.Theexperimentshowsthatp3.Pleasemakemyexcuseattomorrow’smeeting—I’vegottoomuchwork_____.

A.todotocomeB.doingcomingC.todocomingD.todocoming

4.Iarrivedattheshop_____I’dleftallmymoneyathome.

A.onlytofindB.onlyfinding

C.onlyfoundD.onlyhavingfound

AA3.Pleasemakemyexcuseatto5.Hisfirstbook

nextmonthisbasedonatruestory.(2010陜西卷)A.publishedB.tobepublishedC.topublishD.beingpublished6.Sofarnobodyhasclaimedthemoney______inthelibrary.

A.discoveredB.tobediscoveredC.discoveringD.havingdiscoveredBA5.Hisfirstbooknextm7.Robertissaid_____oneofmyclassmatestheotherday,butIdon’tknowwhosheis.

A.tomarryB.tohavemarried

C.tobemarryingD.beingmarried8.Wewereastonished_______thetemplestillinitsoriginalcondition.(2010遼寧卷)A.findingB.tofindC.findD.tobefound

BB7.Robertissaid_____oneofThankYou!ThankYou!非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是高考的必考考點(diǎn)，（完形、語(yǔ)法填空、改錯(cuò)）分?jǐn)?shù)比重很大，不僅如此，掌握非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的基本用法，對(duì)增強(qiáng)書面表達(dá)的文采和提高閱讀理解能力都有明顯的作用。首先，我們回顧一下非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)法功能(在句中充當(dāng)何種成分)：考點(diǎn)解密非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是高考的必考考點(diǎn)，（完形、語(yǔ)法填空、改主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)動(dòng)名詞doing不定式todo分詞done/doing主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)動(dòng)名詞不定式分詞考點(diǎn)1：作主語(yǔ)表示一般的、泛指的或習(xí)慣性的行為用-ing；表示具體的、一次性的或?qū)?lái)的動(dòng)作用to

do

。考點(diǎn)2：作表語(yǔ)(1)動(dòng)名詞和不定式作表語(yǔ)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的具體內(nèi)容。(2)分詞作表語(yǔ)則說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)，像puzzling,surprising,exciting等-ing分詞表示“令人……的(事物)”；像puzzled,surprised,excited等-ed分詞表示“(人)感到……的”?？键c(diǎn)1：作主語(yǔ)考點(diǎn)3：作賓語(yǔ)(1)有些動(dòng)詞只能用不定式作賓語(yǔ)。如refuse,expect,promise,decide,offer,pretend等。(2)有些動(dòng)詞只能用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。如：keep,allow,finish,enjoy,mind,practice,avoid,admit,advise,consider,imagine,appreciate,escape等。(3)在表示“需要”的need,want和require等后用-ing形式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，也可用不定

式的被動(dòng)式。

考點(diǎn)3：作賓語(yǔ)(4)在forget,remember,regret,mean,try等動(dòng)詞后

既可接動(dòng)名詞，也可接不定式，但意義差別較大。(5)在介詞之后用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。注意to是介詞的短

語(yǔ)，如be/getusedto,beaccustomedto(習(xí)慣于),contribute…to,devoteoneselfto,getdownto,lookforwardto等。(6)含介詞的固定句式：prevent/stop/keepsb./sth.+fromdoing

阻止……做……(4)在forget,remember,regret,spend/wastetimeormoney+indoing在做……方面花費(fèi)/浪費(fèi)時(shí)間或金錢havesomedifficulty/troubleindoing在做……方面有些困難haveahardtimeindoingsth.做某事很艱難thereisnosenseindoing做……是沒(méi)有理由/道理的(7)介詞后一般只能接動(dòng)名詞，但在表示“除……

外”的介詞but和except后，有時(shí)可接不定式；當(dāng)

前面有行為動(dòng)詞do時(shí)，不定式不帶to；前面沒(méi)有行

為動(dòng)詞do時(shí)，要帶to。spend/wastetimeormoney+in考點(diǎn)4：作賓補(bǔ)當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)與作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞在邏輯上是主動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)，用不定式(未來(lái)或全過(guò)程)或-ing形式(正在進(jìn)行或一直處于某種狀態(tài))；當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)與作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞在邏輯上是被動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)，用-ed形式?！菊?qǐng)注意復(fù)習(xí)以下6點(diǎn)：】(1)在ask,invite,encourage,advise,forbid,remind等

動(dòng)詞后，用帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)。(2)在help后作賓補(bǔ)的不定式帶不帶to均可。考點(diǎn)4：作賓補(bǔ)(3)在make,let,have等使役動(dòng)詞和feel,smell,hear,see,watch等感官動(dòng)詞后，一般用不帶to的不定式作賓

補(bǔ)，但在其被動(dòng)式后作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，要加上to。(4)在with的賓語(yǔ)后，若用-ed形式，表示賓語(yǔ)與-ed形

式在邏輯上是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且意味著該動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成；

若用-ing形式，表示賓語(yǔ)與-ing形式在邏輯上是主動(dòng)

關(guān)系，且表示動(dòng)作持續(xù)進(jìn)行。(3)在make,let,have等使役動(dòng)詞和feel,(5)getsb.todosth.=havesb.dosth.使某人做某事(主

動(dòng)、將來(lái));get/have…doing使……處于某一狀態(tài)中(主動(dòng)、持續(xù));get…done=havesth.done請(qǐng)人做/遭受(被動(dòng))。(6)makeoneself后常用understood,heard,seen,known等作賓補(bǔ)，表示讓別人明白自己的意思/讓自

己講的話被別人聽到/讓自己被別人看到/讓自己被

別人認(rèn)識(shí)。(5)getsb.todosth.=havesb（本節(jié)課重點(diǎn)）

考點(diǎn)5作狀語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)

（高考重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)）

（本節(jié)課重點(diǎn)）非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的基本形式主動(dòng)被動(dòng)動(dòng)詞不定式todo

一般todotobedone進(jìn)行tobedoing無(wú)完成tohavedonetohavebeendone完成進(jìn)行tohavebeendoing無(wú)主動(dòng)被動(dòng)現(xiàn)在分詞doing一般doingbeingdone完成havingdonehavingbeendone過(guò)去分詞done一般無(wú)done非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的基本形式主動(dòng)被動(dòng)動(dòng)一般todotobedo考點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)歸納1.主/被動(dòng)與意思2.動(dòng)作發(fā)生先后3.慣用語(yǔ)與固定用法4.否定形式的添加5.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)6.四大原則考點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)歸納1.主/被動(dòng)與意思考點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)一:主/被動(dòng)與意思___________(know)hisaddress,IaskedLucyforhelp.2)TheChineseareproudofthe29thOlympicGames_____(hold)inBeijingin2008._________________(tell)manytimes,hestillcouldn’tunderstandwhatIsaid.TomflewtoParisjustnow,hissecretary________(follow)himthenextFriday.NotknowingheldHavingbeentoldtofollow主動(dòng)被動(dòng)被動(dòng)主動(dòng)考點(diǎn)一:主/被動(dòng)與意思___________(know)

解題技巧：

找出非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)，或者被修飾的名詞：

1）主動(dòng)關(guān)系：就用doing/todo

2）被動(dòng)關(guān)系：就用done解題技巧：

找出非謂語(yǔ)考點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)歸納1.主/被動(dòng)與意思2.動(dòng)作發(fā)生先后3.慣用語(yǔ)與固定用法4.否定形式的添加5.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)6.四大原則考點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)歸納1.主/被動(dòng)與意思考點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)二:動(dòng)作發(fā)生先后TheywenttoShanghai,withtheirson______(leave)tohisgrandparents.Withsomuchhomework_________(finish),theydecidedtostayathome,_________________theirhomework,theywentouttoplayfootball.Look!Thehomework__________(do)nowseemsnotdifficult.Theyarebusynow,__________(prepare)fileswantedintheinterview.lefttofinishHavingfinishedbeingdonepreparing過(guò)去將來(lái)動(dòng)作先于謂語(yǔ)發(fā)生正進(jìn)行正進(jìn)行考點(diǎn)二:動(dòng)作發(fā)生先后TheywenttoShangha作狀語(yǔ)表時(shí)間或原因主動(dòng)和進(jìn)行,時(shí)間上無(wú)先后被動(dòng)和過(guò)去,時(shí)間上無(wú)先后主動(dòng)和進(jìn)行,時(shí)間上有先后被動(dòng)和過(guò)去,時(shí)間上有先后-ing-ed-havingdonehavingbeendone作狀語(yǔ)表時(shí)間或原因主動(dòng)和進(jìn)行,時(shí)間上無(wú)先后被動(dòng)和過(guò)去,時(shí)Standing

onthetopofthemountain,Ifoundtheschoolisverybeautiful.2.Seen

fromthemountain,theschoolisverybeautiful.3.Havingfinishedmyhomework,Iwenthomeimmediately.4.Havingbeenbeatenbymyfather,Iwentouttoseemymother.StandingonthetopofthemouHavingfinishedmyhomework,Iwenthomeimmediately.2.Havingbeenbeatenbymyfather,Iwentouttoseemymother.

Afterfinishingmyhomework,Iwenthomeimmediately.Havingdone=afterdoingAfterbeingbeatenbymyfather,Iwentouttoseemymother.Havingbeendone=afterbeingdoneHavingfinishedmyhomework,I考點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)歸納1.主/被動(dòng)與意思2.動(dòng)作發(fā)生先后3.慣用語(yǔ)與固定用法4.否定形式的添加5.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)6.四大原則考點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)歸納1.主/被動(dòng)與意思考點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)三:慣用語(yǔ)與固定用法________fromhisappearance,heisadoctor.A.JudgedB.havingjudgedC.judgingD.havingbeenjudged2)_______hisaccent,itcanbeinferredthatheisanEnglishman.A.consideringB.consideredC.tobeconsideredD.havingconsidered考點(diǎn)三:慣用語(yǔ)與固定用法________fromhis下列少數(shù)短語(yǔ)為慣用語(yǔ)，為固定形式。Judgingfrom,generallyspeaking,honestlyspeaking,strictlyspeaking,talkingof,speakingof,considering…..下列少數(shù)短語(yǔ)為慣用語(yǔ)，為固定形式。Judgingfrom考點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)歸納1.主/被動(dòng)與意思2.動(dòng)作發(fā)生先后3.慣用語(yǔ)與固定用法4.否定形式的添加5.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)6.四大原則考點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)歸納1.主/被動(dòng)與意思考點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)一:否定形式的添加____hisaddress,IaskedLucyforhelp.A.NotknowingB.havingnotknownC.neverknowD.knowingnever2)___________________________________________(receive)hisletter,Icalledhimuptoseewhathadhappenedtohim.3)Theyhavebeenaccustomed____wheneating.A.nottotalkB.nottotalkingC.tonottalkD.tonottalkingNothavingreceived/Havingneverreceived難點(diǎn)一:否定形式的添加____hisaddress,I否定式要把not加在-ing前面，或把never加在-ing后面.Nothavingreceived/Havingneverreceivedhisletter,

Icalledhimuptoseewhathadhappenedtohim.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的否定形式：not直接加在非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前面：①notdoing/nothavingdone/nottohavebeendone/②nottodo/nottobedone/nottohavedone/nottohavebeendone否定式要把not加在-ing前面，或把never加在-ing考點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)歸納1.主/被動(dòng)與意思2.動(dòng)作發(fā)生先后3.慣用語(yǔ)與固定用法4.否定形式的添加5.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)6.四大原則考點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)歸納1.主/被動(dòng)與意思考點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)二：獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)比較以下三個(gè)句子：Theteachercamein,carryingabaginhishand.Theteachercamein,withabagcarriedinhishand.Theteachercamein,abagcarriedinhishand.第三句是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)——有自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)——形成被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。難點(diǎn)二：獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)比較以下三個(gè)句子：第三句是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)—難點(diǎn)三:四大原則學(xué)習(xí)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，一定要做到以下兩點(diǎn)：一找：找邏輯主語(yǔ)二定：定主/被動(dòng)，定動(dòng)作發(fā)生先后。同時(shí)還得注意以下八大原則：難點(diǎn)三:四大原則學(xué)習(xí)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，一定要做到以下兩點(diǎn)：_____thefirstbus，theygotupandhurriedtothestationearlyinthemorning.A.HavingcaughtB.CatchC.TocatchD.Catching

原則一：用作目的狀語(yǔ)，原則上

要用不定式_____thefirstbus，theygot

2.Whenaskedwhyhewentthere，hesaidhewassentthere_____foraspaceflight.TrainingB.beingtrainedC.tohavetrainedD.tobetrained

2.WhenaskedwhyhewenttheAsthelightturnedgreen，Istoodforamoment，not_____，andaskedmyselfwhatIwasgoingtodo.

A.MovedB.movingC.tomoveD.beingmoved2.Peterreceivedaletterjustnow_____hisgrandmawouldcometoseehimsoon.

A.saidB.saysC.sayingD.tosay

原則二：用作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，原則上

要用現(xiàn)在分詞Asthelightturnedgreen，Is3.Wheneverhewasaskedwhyhewaslateforclass，hewouldanswercarelessly，always___thesamething.sayingB.saidC.tosayD.havingsaid

4.Weoftenprovideourchildrenwithtoys，footballsorbasketballs，___thatallchildrenlikethesethings.

A.thinkingB.thinkC.tothinkD.thought3.WheneverhewasaskedwhyhTheglassdoorshavetakentheplaceofthewoodenonesattheentrance，_____inthenaturallightduringtheday.A.toletB.lettingC.letD.havinglet2.Oilpriceshaverisenby32percentsincethestartoftheyear，___arecordUS$57.65abarrelonApril4.A.havereachedB.reachingC.toreachD.tobereaching

原則三：作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，用doing或todo，其區(qū)別是，doing表自然而然的結(jié)果，todo表出乎意料的結(jié)果.TheglassdoorshavetakentheHehurriedtothebookingofficeonly_____thatalltheticketshadbeensoldout.A.totellB.tobetoldC.tellingD.told

2.Hehurriedtothestationonly_____thatthetrainhadleft.

A.tofindB.findingC.foundD.tohavefound

Hehurriedtothebookingoffi原則四：對(duì)于固定搭配，原則上按搭配

習(xí)慣處理

1.____withsomuchtrouble，wefailedtocompletethetaskontime.

A.FacedB.FaceC.FacingD.Toface

2._____inawhiteuniform，helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.

A.DressedB.TodressC.DressingD.Havingdressed

原則四：對(duì)于固定搭配，原則上按搭配對(duì)比訓(xùn)練與鞏固對(duì)比訓(xùn)練與鞏固YourShowTimeYourShowTime1----Goodmorning.CanIhelpyou?----I’dliketohavethispackage_______,madam.A.beweighedB.tobeweighedC.toweighD.weighedD對(duì)比訓(xùn)練2.Therulesaysyoungchildrenundertheageof4and_____lessthan40poundsmustbeinachildsafetyseat.A.beingweighedB.toweighC.weighedD.weighingD1----Goodmorning.CanIhelpThelittleboyslippedoutofhisroomwithout_________.A.seeingB.seenC.beingseen