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建模、計(jì)算記錄1創(chuàng)建文件主窗口〉>File>>OpenFile,彈出文件選擇窗口選擇合適的文件目錄,點(diǎn)擊New,輸入文件名,OK。主菜單〉>ModelSetup,彈出建模窗口,同時(shí)創(chuàng)建了基本模型,該基本模型包括一個(gè)坐標(biāo)參考系(Isys),一剛體(Body)和一運(yùn)動(dòng)副(joint)。2設(shè)置環(huán)境設(shè)置重力建模窗口>>Globals>>Gravity,彈出重力設(shè)置窗口

Help[o10□K.SIIPACK:DefineC-V...|_|G-Vektoi[m/sHelp[o10□K.SIIPACK:DefineC-V...|_|G-Vektoi[m/sA2](CoordinateswithRespecttoInertia)Cancel將重力設(shè)置為Z方向+9.81,OK。2.2設(shè)置視圖建模窗口>>View>>ViewSetup,彈出視圖設(shè)置窗口。FourNumberofViewsActiveViewRefitViewProjectionTypePerspectiveViewInertiaFixedJZoom/Trarislate/RotateStandardViews:□K.LipupBackPlane11000downdowndownaneFrortPlane[OJisometricView:xzFourNumberofViewsActiveViewRefitViewProjectionTypePerspectiveViewInertiaFixedJZoom/Trarislate/RotateStandardViews:□K.LipupBackPlane11000downdowndownaneFrortPlane[OJisometricView:xzParal1elview:xr-Plxz-FlaneYX-P1aneYZ-P1anezx-PlaneZY-PlanenIwh已亡1/尺亡ril:F亡廠呂口亡匚ti*亡已qJSIIPACK:VievSetup選擇【StandardViews】中的【wheel/Rail:Perspectiveview】,OK。3創(chuàng)建第1個(gè)輪對(duì)3.1創(chuàng)建輪對(duì)剛體

建模窗口〉>Element>>Bodies,彈出剛體元件窗口將Bodyl重命名為Wheelsetl。雙擊Wheelset1,彈出剛體參數(shù)設(shè)置窗口設(shè)置輪對(duì)的參數(shù):輪對(duì)的質(zhì)量為1654kg,輪對(duì)的搖頭轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)慣量為726kg.m.m。RigdType11654yU[u[L|C[726UKName$El_WheBlset1IIPACE:IBSDefineBodyCElasticl-Tensoifkgm^Z]Relativeto:Mass[kg]CentiecfMass(m]RelativetccBodyFiws>dFief.RigdType11654yU[u[L|C[726UKName$El_WheBlset1IIPACE:IBSDefineBodyCElasticl-Tensoifkgm^Z]Relativeto:Mass[kg]CentiecfMass(m]RelativetccBodyFiws>dFief.Sys,t|DataBase...none1726|0I|1C0|symI|CentreofMassKMaiker$FIsHibleComponents3DGeometryShowBodyReferenceFrameShewCentreofMass3.2創(chuàng)建輪對(duì)的外形選擇【3DGeometry】彈出剛體外形設(shè)置窗口Boct'N-sric:fS-V/hcd&etlPinH?lpEnsEirblasFiradIoSensoiNewMolfjiRerame|Remove|SeeingFrirrilketcfBetectsdErui&irbleRenameIFlumm1兮IModifyNewEnserrbfeRoperl&snSdriAepitMntabcriWrefianeHepiMrVabonOK雙擊$P_Wheelset1_Cuboid,出現(xiàn)設(shè)置外形參數(shù)窗口noneRzAlphaBetaIdentitytoI心…02'Cylinder[Lb[LtT|l.b|luuBoct'N-sric:fS-V/hcd&etlPinH?lpEnsEirblasFiradIoSensoiNewMolfjiRerame|Remove|SeeingFrirrilketcfBetectsdErui&irbleRenameIFlumm1兮IModifyNewEnserrbfeRoperl&snSdriAepitMntabcriWrefianeHepiMrVabonOK雙擊$P_Wheelset1_Cuboid,出現(xiàn)設(shè)置外形參數(shù)窗口noneRzAlphaBetaIdentitytoI心…02'Cylinder[Lb[LtT|l.b|luu|180I1805PV/heelset1CubnidNsrne:*ACK:Pri*itiveDefinitionBacktoBdc^jDefinitianPaameieis:Ref.Marker..noneGamma口.160000LengthMutnher=Osflones:sniuoth2?UEIOOUOlb1Color...UpdateEluldln[ni]薛[deg]FixUns-FlyURb-設(shè)置車軸外形參數(shù),見上圖,OK?;氐絼傮w外形設(shè)置窗口,OK?;氐絼傮w設(shè)置窗口,OK。4創(chuàng)建輪對(duì)的運(yùn)動(dòng)副和輪軌接觸4.1創(chuàng)建輪對(duì)的運(yùn)動(dòng)副>>Elements>>Joints,出現(xiàn)運(yùn)動(dòng)副窗口,雙^$J_Wheelset1,出現(xiàn)運(yùn)動(dòng)副設(shè)置窗口。衛(wèi)廠匸L已口Qth[m]FositionLater-=l!PoeiticmVert"i匚Fosition[m]rot衛(wèi)廠匸L已口Qth[m]FositionLater-=l!PoeiticmVert"i匚Fosition[m]rot1j=ungle[rad]Yaci-i.1Angle[rad]inclIneAngletrad]=Cl.D=UBD二0?D=□?[i=Hl=D?DNumberofdof:lt5or6-6?0選擇07號(hào)運(yùn)動(dòng)副,設(shè)置初始狀態(tài)。4.2創(chuàng)建輪軌接觸選擇【Generate/UpdateWheel-RailElementsofJoint】,出現(xiàn)輪軌接觸窗口。

點(diǎn)擊【AssembleSystem】,OK,完成車輪及輪軌接觸運(yùn)動(dòng)副設(shè)置。模型文件名:Ametro_01。5設(shè)置初始軌道>>Globals>>Track,出現(xiàn)軌道設(shè)置窗口SIMPACK中,可以設(shè)置六種軌道形式:(1)直線;(2)圓曲線;(3)直線+緩和曲線+圓曲線;(4)直線+緩和曲線+圓曲線+緩和曲線+直線;(5)兩段方向曲線+直線;(6)道岔;5.1直線仃oplogy】選擇StraightTrack,輸入線路總長(zhǎng)度,OK。FileEditTrackDefinitionTypeTopologyTransitbnSuperdevationTypeExcitatbnFlexibilityDiscretization:ParametersConfigurationof2D-Flots:s-ConlrolValue'Slnow'Xi-SceneSIIPACE:TrackDefinitionStandardRailwayTrackStraightTrack▼None▼FlotationdboutCenterine卜加已FIe:xibleTrackStruct口『已...ElastcFoundation...ntol=Len口上竹ofthestrai口竹上Track[ml=1.OOOQOOOD+O3■<llti>Frame1:PlotTopView[:,y(s)];Scaling:Frame2:PlotAutoScaledpsi/ds(=1/FlOK程序調(diào)試時(shí),通常采用直線形式。模型文件名:Ametro_02。曲線曲線需要選擇以下參數(shù):(1)緩和曲線超咼類型(S形、直線形)(2)超高形式(中心線、軌式)曲線的設(shè)置包括以下參數(shù):(1)直線長(zhǎng)度:(2)緩和曲線長(zhǎng)度;(3)圓曲線半徑;(4)曲線超咼;(5)超高測(cè)量值(默認(rèn)1.506m);(6)圓曲線長(zhǎng)度;7)線路總長(zhǎng)度;CurvePassingFlesibililyDiscretization:TopdogyRampGuperelevalionTypeENcitdtiDnrileEditCurvePassingFlesibililyDiscretization:TopdogyRampGuperelevalionTypeENcitdtiDnrileEditTrackDefiritionStardardRaiwaiiTrackG-Ghap&d1-OOODOOOD+OZ1B50000000+011-OOODOOOD+OZ1B50000000+012.QDODOOaD+02£?55959990-02:L?5OGDg7OD+LiijE?i:iOuDiJuOD+u2E?ijOLiDariuDTLili:saveFsis.GAWs.ijnas<iriadel>?inu=:L?OOODOOOD+OOParametersLengthofstraightTrackLengthofTr-ansitionTr-a匚kRadime?EndofTransitionTrackSuparelava?EndofTran^uTrank:P.eferenceLengthofEuperelev?l_亡nqthof匚ireu1ar葉匸Tot■旦1T廠說匚kLengthJill11ConFigLT^icnaf2D-Plats:Show3D-SceneIShowZ:'FbtRemoveTrackOK6.1車輛總體參數(shù)初步設(shè)置>>Globals>>VehicleGlobals,出現(xiàn)車輛總體參數(shù)設(shè)置窗口。設(shè)置輪對(duì)類型【W(wǎng)heelsetsofType]:Wheelset1設(shè)置車輛速度【v_vehicle]:10m/s;設(shè)置軌道參數(shù)模式【Railgaugegivenby]:TrackGauge設(shè)置左輪滾動(dòng)圓半徑:0.42m;設(shè)置右輪滾動(dòng)圓半徑:0.42m;設(shè)置車輪滾動(dòng)圓橫向間距之半:(1.353+2*0.07)/2=0.7465m;

設(shè)置軌距:1.435m;設(shè)置軌距測(cè)量高度:0.014;設(shè)置軌底坡:1/40;(如果沒有軌底坡,則設(shè)為“0”)設(shè)置左輪踏面外形:S1002;設(shè)置左軌外形:UIC60;設(shè)置右輪踏面外形:S1002;設(shè)置右軌外形:UIC60;設(shè)置輪軌接觸模式:【singlecontact】【constraintcontact】,仃ableeveluation】選擇【ApplyasDefaults】Close,完成設(shè)置。6.2保存設(shè)置建模窗口>>File>>Save,建模窗口>>File>>Reload,系統(tǒng)自動(dòng)完成輪對(duì)與線路的裝配,如下圖所示。

注意:由于SIMPACK沒有undo功能,因此在每一步完成后請(qǐng)存盤,然后重新載入模型,或者另存為一新文件。6.3輪軌接觸幾何關(guān)系檢查當(dāng)對(duì)車輪踏面和軌頭外形設(shè)置完成后,可檢查輪軌接觸幾何關(guān)系。點(diǎn)擊【CheckProfile/Tables】,出現(xiàn)輪軌接觸幾何關(guān)系檢查設(shè)置窗口以及結(jié)果窗口。^SIIPACK:CheckProfiles□同岡Control2D-PlotsYawArglepsi[deg]:RollAnglephi[deg]:LateralDeviationmin-max[no]:11.DOE-020.O0E+00二0.DOE+00ContactModelContactModelTable(ApproHimation/lriterpolation)〒|PreviousPictureNextPicture'CliseDtImIPpiil3nKtkr^ifhpdijidRqIZM1*MJ1出tarB-S(il*i!AFfiEffi-irMban|h口叩|■(HdHPps<M-[|曲【1通OMy[ml-[-.IDlE-ffi]750^E-.W-WW-ISjM0>>3[rm]?1'H亙£p*sfigOK&*-EfcMicSpkHJipfiB-.LderdShifty[mi]Ki直切CQClIidthlCHBhVI*叫*!*i'M.:PtfA-Jf'lX.filL41Ps^dQmi-QbIc‘‘印he0?加?&?丘-K-.W-2&.M-tilM-0.HtJWKe*尉CwliitithlC23Ke*尉CwliitithlC23Kz*?fCMllicichlC22*IpW4Ml-f-RM.UCibL41iJ?>-EiBicSpheApfIW.'^ui-EkaJk歯『匈?DQaHDO協(xié)險(xiǎn)迅-DO-niCCir—IFoErjsinCwJlici詢Cyy伽審nCdefiicicnlCyz■Mb*■卜fM.:■Mb*r—IFoErjsinCwJlici詢Cyy伽審nCdefiicicnlCyz■Mb*■卜fM.:■Mb*■卜fM.:Qia>-EfcBicDQ-niDO-2D.W-rilK-和曲LEflTMSftlftY[fflffl]Ekaic6『4同?DOailDQ-2&.M-tfllM-VtfcdLeer'dSHifty[rtffi]Sfihcib-°.'^liaji-EIcaJiEps*?D嗣UiDOSfihcAffik°.'^liaji-ElcBJiEps>I'M-D曲!【1通rterljicnC^lliKTlftsiusrhoJ十uCj??-^usr!X<Qini-[ixii?ErterljicnC^lliKTlftsiusrhoJ十uCj??-^usr!X<Qini-[ixii?E—>gWxhk陸打-(DOEi-Xi-JHO-3?W?1MMwt吹JLfltfrrd的肚y[rm]6.4輪軌接觸力計(jì)算設(shè)置點(diǎn)擊【ContactForce】,出現(xiàn)輪軌接觸力計(jì)算設(shè)置窗口。各選項(xiàng)說明如下:蠕滑力計(jì)算理論:默認(rèn)為Kalker簡(jiǎn)化理論;摩擦形式:默認(rèn)為常數(shù);摩擦系數(shù):默認(rèn)取0.4;車輪正壓力小于等于零時(shí):(1)終止計(jì)算;(2)垂向載荷變?yōu)榱?;注意:以上選項(xiàng)的存在條件時(shí)輪軌運(yùn)動(dòng)副設(shè)置為07或09。輪對(duì)抬高量時(shí):⑴不作處理;⑵跳起5mm時(shí)終止計(jì)算;⑶爬起5mm時(shí)終止計(jì)算。5imFlifiBdtheoryofKalkei(FAG7SIM)mu(constant)Fac(y.-'-.']…InoneFac(v-rel)...noneTdrg.ForceLawFliclionTpperruVclue[?]Dependercyon:KalkeiCoefficientAllowWheelLiltWhstlRaiseReferenceVelocity|7alongtrack:ds/dtWeightingofKalkerCDefficimts站口"simuhbonwhenN<0Donetcheckforwh*lraise單點(diǎn)與多點(diǎn)接觸單點(diǎn)接觸:一點(diǎn)接觸多點(diǎn)接觸:最多三點(diǎn)接觸——踏面、輪緣、輪背各一點(diǎn)剛性與彈性接觸剛性接觸:法向力等于約束力;避免高頻振動(dòng),運(yùn)算速度快;車輪只存在“假抬起”;可進(jìn)行單點(diǎn)、多點(diǎn)接觸計(jì)算。彈性接觸:用單側(cè)彈簧和阻尼(18號(hào)元件)代替約束;法向力等于彈簧和阻尼合力;存在高頻振動(dòng),計(jì)算速度慢;車輪可能抬起;僅適用于單點(diǎn)接觸。6.5.3輪軌接觸模式的選擇1)調(diào)試模型——單點(diǎn)剛性接觸,不允許跳起;2)平穩(wěn)性計(jì)算,線路激擾小——單點(diǎn)剛性接觸,不允許跳起;3)平穩(wěn)性計(jì)算,線路激擾大——單點(diǎn)剛性接觸,允許跳起;4)脫軌安全性計(jì)算,大曲線——單點(diǎn)彈性接觸,允許跳起;5)脫軌安全性計(jì)算,小曲線——多點(diǎn)剛性接觸,允許跳起;

(6)曲線通過計(jì)算,可能出現(xiàn)大沖角——在線輪軌力計(jì)算;模型文件名:Ametro_03。7創(chuàng)建第2個(gè)輪對(duì)7.1創(chuàng)建輪對(duì)剛體>>Element>>Bodies,彈出剛體元件窗口。新建一^剛體,命名為Wheelset2,彈出參數(shù)設(shè)置窗口。設(shè)置輪對(duì)的參數(shù):輪對(duì)的質(zhì)量為1654kg,輪對(duì)的搖頭轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)慣量為726kg.m.m。7.2創(chuàng)建輪對(duì)的運(yùn)動(dòng)副和輪軌接觸>>Elements>>Joints,出現(xiàn)運(yùn)動(dòng)副窗口(備注:每創(chuàng)建一^剛體時(shí),系統(tǒng)自動(dòng)在該剛體上創(chuàng)建一^運(yùn)動(dòng)副)。雙擊$J_Wheelset2,出現(xiàn)運(yùn)動(dòng)副設(shè)置窗口。選擇07號(hào)運(yùn)動(dòng)副,設(shè)置初始狀態(tài),S=2.5m(軸距)?!闙_wheelset2IoMarkerjJointTypeFrcmMarkeri07:GeneralV/heel/RailJointPositionL-?h5appHyArcLeri口[rtf£M_wheelset2IoMarkerjJointTypeFrcmMarkeri07:GeneralV/heel/RailJointPositionL-?h5appHyArcLeri口[rtf=口■口=0■0=□■□=0■0=0■0:LateralFasition[m]:verti匚捫Pos1tion[m]:Rol1Angle[rad]:Ya叫Anci'le[rad]:incl1neAngle[rad]選擇【Generate/UpdateWheel-RailElementsofJoint】,出現(xiàn)輪軌接觸窗口。選擇【W(wǎng)heelsetType】與第1個(gè)輪對(duì)相同:WheelsetType_1,OK?;氐竭\(yùn)動(dòng)副設(shè)置窗口,點(diǎn)擊[AssembleSystem】,OK。7.3保存設(shè)置建模窗口>>File>>Save,建模窗口>>File>>Reload,系統(tǒng)自動(dòng)完成輪對(duì)與線路的裝配。7.4創(chuàng)建輪對(duì)的運(yùn)動(dòng)副和輪軌接觸由于輪對(duì)的類型與第1個(gè)輪對(duì)相同,因此不需要再設(shè)置參數(shù)。如果兩個(gè)輪對(duì)的參數(shù)不同,則需要設(shè)置該參數(shù)。模型文件名:Ametro_04。8創(chuàng)建構(gòu)架8.1創(chuàng)建構(gòu)架剛體>>Element>>Bodies,彈出剛體元件窗口。新建一^剛體,命名為frame1,彈出參數(shù)設(shè)置窗口。設(shè)置構(gòu)架的參數(shù):動(dòng)車構(gòu)架的質(zhì)量為3970kg,搖頭轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)慣量為4716kg.m.m(Izz),側(cè)滾轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)慣量為2058kg.m.m(Ixx),點(diǎn)頭轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)慣量為2936kg.m.m(Iyy)。

構(gòu)架的質(zhì)心為(0,0,-0.5),質(zhì)心位置這樣設(shè)置的好處是使得構(gòu)架參考系的高度在軌面上,便于構(gòu)架上其它Marker點(diǎn)的位置設(shè)置,這時(shí)在構(gòu)架運(yùn)動(dòng)副中的高度不需要設(shè)置構(gòu)架其它參數(shù)設(shè)置如下圖所示。MaikeisFfexibleConrconent?3DGEOTEtryShawBodvFicfeierteFfcnieShowCentreofMass構(gòu)架其它參數(shù)設(shè)置如下圖所示。MaikeisFfexibleConrconent?3DGEOTEtryShawBodvFicfeierteFfcnieShowCentreofMass8.2創(chuàng)建構(gòu)架的外形8.2.1構(gòu)架的側(cè)梁選擇【3DGeometry】,出現(xiàn)幾何圖形設(shè)置窗口

日口擊N-Eine.NewMoi±pRenamsRBrnovaEnsamttaFro[Briesc*SnidReprt5?nWion廠WiiefiareR日日口擊N-Eine.NewMoi±pRenamsRBrnova重新名為Frame,選中進(jìn)入圖形設(shè)置窗口。zSIIPACE:PivcDcfiiution.匸HelpName:|}PFrame1FranieIdetY和la...reneliPe.■^'whaalRaiBocieR-:'Mrll.Hl..IreneQuidIn[mlaidfdcg]QcrnmflParamebars:LenothLI[m]=500DOOLengthL2'T=L?5uuDOaHeightHl■t?■匚i?30DOQOHeiahrH2■t二miSDoaoWidthBl[ml-匚i?15DOO0Dita仃匚eright1eft[hi]—2■口uuDOOL1>【Type】選擇22:WheelRailBogie。設(shè)置參數(shù)如上圖,OK。8.2.2構(gòu)架的前橫梁在幾何圖形設(shè)置窗口,增加新的幾何圖形travf,進(jìn)入圖形設(shè)置窗口。NewModifyRerarreRemoi/eScaiirg?SmvACK:3WGcoBEtryDwjyName:UBFrame1E?SmvACK:3WGcoBEtryDwjyName:UBFrame1E「陽砒曲FixedIdSenserpiinfttwftsGeltctedEnscmWe卯」raffie:l卯」raffie:l「Fran啟「但"亡廠x~FN-idRenarrc1RemowErpsemblePiorerte$N-idRenarrc1RemowErpsemblePiorerte$<*'SolidRtpirjcnhbonCWrEfiameRepfE=Esrtafcnnrranipaency:0JSI1DPACE:PriH.itivEDE-fi.nii.tiun匚SI1DPACE:PriH.itivEDE-fi.nii.tiun匚?刃HelpHelpOKOK…….:|BeckioBoijDulin詢n【Type】選擇01:Cubiod,設(shè)置參數(shù)如上圖,OK。構(gòu)架的后橫梁在幾何圖形設(shè)置窗口,增加新的幾何圖形travb,進(jìn)入圖形設(shè)置窗口

it/r&it105i::~I30'5it/r&it105i::~I30'5IIra1'r1h8.3創(chuàng)建輪對(duì)的運(yùn)動(dòng)副>>Elements>>Joint,雙擊$J_Frame,出現(xiàn)運(yùn)動(dòng)副設(shè)置窗口□叵?BBSDefineJaiatNameI鈿Fig1FrwriM.3rti.CT!TaMiskn-jJdrt7yp&107:?BBSDefineJaiatNameI鈿Fig1FrwriM.3rti.CT!TaMiskn-jJdrt7yp&107:GeneralV/heaL^iailJoiri:Posiinn5ArcLengch[tn]一1._:yLateralPcism七lun[m]s口.dz\■'亡rticalPasifion-0,0pmRjj]1內(nèi)i口[rad]■Q.OpE1gamYiuAngle[radlrnclitieAngle[rad]-口"-口.口*>InilialStale設(shè)置初始狀態(tài),S=1.25m(轉(zhuǎn)向架質(zhì)心縱向坐標(biāo))。注意:不要選擇【Generate/UpdateWheel-RailElementsofJoint】8.4保存設(shè)置建模窗口〉>File>>Save,建模窗口〉>File>>Reload。模型文件名:Ametro_05。9創(chuàng)建一系懸掛9.1創(chuàng)建輪對(duì)的Marks點(diǎn)>>Elements>>Bodies,選擇第1個(gè)輪對(duì)。選擇【Marks】,出現(xiàn)Mark點(diǎn)窗口。RADU-iARemove51.WallIHorkers:RADU-iARemove51.WallIHorkers:SHPAd:IBSBodyEarkerListMaikersonBod/$S_VJieelset1Filter輛二麗E巨T耳亙£1二二二二二二二二二二二二5w_whee1seti_proTP.er_R1qht扌*-Y』h巴■=1setl_Frofkef_Leftiw^hee15etl_Cont日匚t_Riqhtsw_whee1setl_ContactJLett17Di$davMerkerC口問一0<Lljdae3D-Giaphcs17Di$davMerkerC口問一0<Lljdae3D-GiaphcsropyflurkAtFuleNai'kerMadfyIRem*Shc^AIMakef^-OK新建輪對(duì)上Mark點(diǎn),wheelset1_PS_L(0,-1,0)和wheelset1_PS_R(0,1,0)。注意:這里的坐標(biāo)均為相對(duì)坐標(biāo),是相對(duì)剛性質(zhì)心的坐標(biāo)。HfSIBPACE:KBSDefizweBarkerHelpNameofBoc^jtE-WheelsellNameofMarker[SvKVheelset1PSLMarkerT^pe...IBodyFixedReferenceMarker...noneIdentitytoMarker...|none同樣,創(chuàng)建第2個(gè)輪對(duì)Marks點(diǎn),wheelset2_PS_L(0,-1,0)和wheelset2_PS_R(0,1,0)。9.2創(chuàng)建構(gòu)架的Marks點(diǎn)Frame1_PS_FL(-1.25,-1,-0.42),Frame1_PS_FR(-1.25,1,-0.42)Frame1_PS_BL(1.25,-1,-0.42),Frame1_PS_BR(1.25,1,-0.42)

實(shí)際上,構(gòu)架上的Mark點(diǎn)與輪對(duì)的Mark點(diǎn)在空間的位置重合。9.3創(chuàng)建一系彈簧□回刃>>Elements>>Forces,新建一^力元件PS_FL1,出現(xiàn)了力元件設(shè)置窗口□回刃…亠SIIPACK:IBSForceEle&entF訂乜HslpName$F_PS_FLFromMarkeri...$M_Frame1_P5_FLToMarkerj...?M_Wheelset1_P5_LDataBase...noneIdentityto...noneForesTppe...05:Spring-DamperparallelCmpParannetersNominalFur匚eF_norTi_>::MorninalF□廠匚eF_norTi_y=0.0=0.0NominalFu廠匚eF_norrez[Nlstlffnessjx[N/m]=iorioi:ii:ii:ii:i?〔i5tiffness匸_y[N/m]=eSLlOLlLlLl.0stiffneEEC_2[N/m]=12GOLILILI?0□■ziMipingd_x[Ns/tn]=0.0□amplngd_y[h5/tn]=0.0□amping<i2[NE/ltl]=10£2£.0inpFct-lD;FCCX)=neneinpFCt-ID:F匚3=noneInpF匚t-HD:F匚O)=noneInpFCt-ID:FdCxdD=noneInpiFCt-ID:FdCydD=Hiji-ieInpFCt-ID:FdCzdJ=neneclEarance1nx[m]=0.0Clearanteiny[rn]=IJ.0cl亡arance1nz[m]=0.0>3DGraphicsI【ForceType】選擇05:SpirngDamperparallelCmp,設(shè)置一系彈簧參數(shù),如上圖小技巧:選擇[FromMarkeri]和【ToMarkerj]的順序時(shí),應(yīng)盡量使得預(yù)平衡載荷【NonimalForce】為負(fù)值。如果預(yù)平衡載荷為正值,可能回出現(xiàn)車輪離開軌道的情況,影響積分的速度,這時(shí)可將【FromMarkeri】和【ToMarkerj】的順序顛倒,就能解決問題。選擇【3DGraph】,出現(xiàn)力元件形狀設(shè)置窗口。□回區(qū)]■卜3D-Twpe:-■L"''"■r?□回區(qū)]■卜3D-Twpe:-■L"''"■r?t"",-?il.丸MPt?.蛍」|Cubudonnvsrker£ItiWJ'J-n-Length昭占none□uri亡nonenonenonennni-*-*■*SI1PACE:IBSForceELea.entFilaHAlpNaireULPB.flFrcmMarkarl..tH_Fra7ie1_PG_FL7oMarkerj...虬沁如1_T_LDataBase..rraigIdsrttpm..reneForceIvpt..OSSprrQ-OflnipripardfelCmpua-TipirigInpFct-ID:InpFct-ID^inpFcr-i口:InpF匚t-ZED住InpF匚inpF匚t-m設(shè)置力元件外形,如上圖,OK。同理,設(shè)置其它一系垂向彈簧力元件,PS_FR1,PS_BL1,PS_BR1。9.4保存設(shè)置建模窗口〉>File>>Save,建模窗口〉>File>>Reload。模型文件名:Ametro_06。10模型檢查加速度檢查建模窗口>>Globals>>VehicleGlobals,出現(xiàn)車輛參數(shù)設(shè)置窗口。速度設(shè)為1m/s,【ApplyasDefaule】。建模窗口〉>File>>Save。主窗口〉>Calculation>>TestCall>>Performanceo檢查各運(yùn)動(dòng)副的加速度。主窗口〉>PostProcess>>StatesPlots。如果模型中所有運(yùn)動(dòng)副的加速度接近零值,說明模型沒有錯(cuò)誤。如果模型中某個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)副的加速度很大(如達(dá)到10g左右),說明給運(yùn)動(dòng)副存在錯(cuò)誤。如果模型中某個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)副的Z向加速度為1g左右,說明該模型初始狀態(tài)沒有平衡。載荷預(yù)平衡建模時(shí),各剛體的位置通常是取空車(重車)的平衡位置,因此必須對(duì)垂向彈簧施加預(yù)載荷以平衡重力。關(guān)閉建模窗口。主窗口〉>Calculation>>NonimalForces,出現(xiàn)載荷預(yù)平衡窗口。點(diǎn)擊【InitialisewithAll】,需要計(jì)算的ForceElement出現(xiàn)。點(diǎn)擊【PerformCalculation】,計(jì)算結(jié)果窗口出現(xiàn)。檢查各力元件上載荷的對(duì)稱性,如果某一力元件與其它同類元件的載荷相差較大,說明該力元件存在錯(cuò)誤小技巧:如果預(yù)平衡載荷為正值,可將力元件的[FromMarkeri】和【ToMarkerj]的順序顛倒,就能解決問題。當(dāng)各力元件上載荷很對(duì)稱時(shí),點(diǎn)擊【Save】,出現(xiàn)計(jì)算結(jié)果保持窗口,按圖示選擇后,點(diǎn)擊OK。點(diǎn)擊【Exit】,退出預(yù)載荷計(jì)算窗口10.3計(jì)算檢查進(jìn)入建模窗口建模窗口>>Calculation>>TimeIntegration,出現(xiàn)時(shí)域積分窗口選擇【Go】。如果轉(zhuǎn)向架圖形開始運(yùn)動(dòng),說明模型正常。否則,自動(dòng)退出該窗口模型文件名:Ametro_06。11創(chuàng)建另一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)向架11.1創(chuàng)建第3個(gè)輪對(duì)>>Element>>Bodies,新建一^剛體,命名為Wheelset3。設(shè)置輪對(duì)的參數(shù):輪對(duì)的質(zhì)量為1654kg,輪對(duì)的搖頭轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)慣量為726kg.m.m。>>Elements>>Joints,雙擊$J_Wheelset3,選擇07號(hào)運(yùn)動(dòng)副,設(shè)置初始狀態(tài),S=15.7m(車輛定距)。選擇【Generate/UpdateWheel-RailElementsofJoint。,出現(xiàn)輪軌接觸窗口,選擇OK,回到運(yùn)動(dòng)副設(shè)置窗口。點(diǎn)擊【AssembleSystem],OK,完成車輪及輪軌接觸運(yùn)動(dòng)副設(shè)置。>>File>>Save,然后〉>File>>Reload。模型文件名:Ametro_07。11.2創(chuàng)建第4個(gè)輪對(duì)>>Element>>Bodies,新建一^剛體,命名為Wheelset4o設(shè)置輪對(duì)的參數(shù):輪對(duì)的質(zhì)量為1654kg,輪對(duì)的搖頭轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)慣量為726kg.m.m。>>Elements>>Joints,雙擊$J_Wheelset3,選擇07號(hào)運(yùn)動(dòng)副,設(shè)置初始狀態(tài),S=2.5+15.7=18.2m(車輛定距)。選擇【Generate/UpdateWheel-RailElementsofJoint】,出現(xiàn)輪軌接觸窗口,選擇OK,回到運(yùn)動(dòng)副設(shè)置窗口。點(diǎn)擊【AssembleSystem],OK,完成車輪及輪軌接觸運(yùn)動(dòng)副設(shè)置。>>File>>Save,然后〉>File>>Reload。模型文件名:Ametro_08。11.3創(chuàng)建第2個(gè)構(gòu)架>>Element>>Bodies,新建一^剛體,命名為frame2。設(shè)置構(gòu)架的參數(shù):動(dòng)車構(gòu)架的質(zhì)量為3970kg,搖頭轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)慣量為4716kg.m.m(Izz),側(cè)滾轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)慣量為2058kg.m.m(Ixx),點(diǎn)頭轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)慣量為2936kg.m.m(Iyy),構(gòu)架的質(zhì)心為(0,0,-0.5)。>>Elements>>Joint,雙擊$J_Frame2,【Jointtype]選擇07:GeneralWheel/RailJoint。設(shè)置初始狀態(tài),S=1.25+15.7=16.95m(轉(zhuǎn)向架質(zhì)心縱向坐標(biāo))。模型文件名:Ametro_09。11.4創(chuàng)建一系懸掛創(chuàng)建第3個(gè)輪對(duì)上的Marks點(diǎn),wheelset3_PS_L(0,-1,0)和wheelset3_PS_R(0,1,0)。創(chuàng)建第4個(gè)輪對(duì)上的Marks點(diǎn),wheelset4_PS_L(0,-1,0)和wheelset4_PS_R(0,1,0)。創(chuàng)建第2個(gè)構(gòu)架上的Marks點(diǎn),F(xiàn)rame2_PS_FL(-1.25,-1,-0.42),Frame2_PS_FR(-1.25,1,-0.42),Frame2_PS_BL(1.25,-1,-0.42),Frame2_PS_BR(1.25,1,-0.42)>>Element>>Forces,創(chuàng)建力元件PS_FL、PS_FR、PS_BL、PS_BR,類型05:SpirngDamperparallelCmp,設(shè)置彈簧參數(shù),同第1個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)向架。模型文件名:Ametro_10。

12創(chuàng)建車體創(chuàng)建剛體>>Element>>Bodies,新建一^剛體,命名為Carbody。設(shè)置車體的參數(shù):質(zhì)量為23825kg,搖頭轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)慣量為506504kg.m.m(Izz),點(diǎn)頭轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)慣量為528628kg.m.m(Iyy),側(cè)滾轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)慣量為33832kg.m.m(Ixx),車體的質(zhì)心為(0,0,-1.8))設(shè)置車體的圖形,如下圖所示。HelpName:$F'_CarbDc|y_CarIdentityto...[noneType...21:WheelFl-aiTCatiFief.Marker...noneE:uildIn[m]and[deg]FlxFlyRzAlphaBetaGarnma[rini~|-n4A[isoFiT[opiso-[oFiTParameters:=u:nufront=0:n0rearHelght1InHelght2inHelghtHelpName:$F'_CarbDc|y_CarIdentityto...[noneType...21:WheelFl-aiTCatiFief.Marker...noneE:uildIn[m]and[deg]FlxFlyRzAlphaBetaGarnma[rini~|-n4A[isoFiT[opiso-[oFiTParameters:=u:nufront=0:n0rearHelght1InHelght2inHelght3inhfighr4inHeightE-inHelght6-inHelght7-inLength1-inLength2InLength3InLength斗-inIpnn1-h匚"in■Tnb1ab-I-aLength71nwidth1inwidth2inwidth31nwidth坪inwidth5inwidth6inwidth7inLayerLennthLarmrmrmrmrmrmrmrmrmrmrmrmrmrmim.^rmrmrmrm:;[[[[[[[[[[[[[[[thL9enp-[rn]□?500000□?3000001?2000001H3i:ii:ii:ii:ii:i2?00onuu3?1門兀|匚|匚|4?050000EE?40000U?口0?D2?2000UU2?000000□?5000001?0000002?8000003?0000003?000000Z?SIJIJIJIJIJ1?8000001?450000□?300000?0000000000LayerLengthLiu1n::■::[rn]=u:showbuffers=u:showpanthogr且ph匚ulor1d1ayer'匚ulor1dmlddlepart1匚ulor1dtoppart匚uloridwindowPantoqraphxpoeiticm[m]windowdist且門匚已rear[rn]windowdist且門匚efront[m]windowdist且門匚已buttum[rn]windowdist且門匚已top[m]=u/l:midd1ewinduw:nu/yes1lihLILInnnLI?Ij□?360000□?400000□?400000□?140000OKBacktoBodyDefinitionOK創(chuàng)建運(yùn)動(dòng)副>>Elements>>Joints,雙擊$J_Carbody,選擇07號(hào)運(yùn)動(dòng)副,設(shè)置初始狀態(tài)S=7.85+1.25=9.1m(車輛定距)。保持文件>>File>>Save,然后〉>File>>Reload。模型文件名:Ametro11。13創(chuàng)建二系懸掛垂向彈簧第1個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)向架

創(chuàng)建Mark點(diǎn)構(gòu)架上的Mark點(diǎn),F(xiàn)rame1_SS_L(0,-0.94,-0.75),Frame1_SS_R(0,0.94,-0.75)車體上的Mark點(diǎn),Carbody_SS_BL(-7.85,-0.94,-0.75),Carbody_SS_BR(-7.85,0.94,-0.75)o13.1.2創(chuàng)建垂向彈簧>>Elements>>Forces,創(chuàng)建力元件SS_BL?!綟orceType】選擇05:SpirngDamperparallelCmp,設(shè)置彈簧參數(shù),如下圖??赟IIPACK:IBSForce口SIIPACK:IBSForceclenentFileHelpName$F_SS_BLFromMarkeri...$M_Carbodv_SS_BLToMarkerj...$M_Frame1_SS_LDataBase...|noneIdentityto...|noneForceType...05:Spring-DamperparallelCmpParametersNuminalFu廠匸eF_nom_x[N]0?0Numin且1Fu廠匸eF_norn_y[N]0?0Numin且1F□廠匸eF_norn_z[N]0?0stiffness匚_x[N/m]231000?0Stiffness匚_y[N/m]231000?(jstiffness匚二[N/m]490000?0D-anipingd_x[Ns/m]0?0D-snipingd_y[Ns/m]0?0D-snipi門口dz[Ns/m]0?0InpFct-IDF匚00noneinpFct-lDFcQyJnoneInpFct-IDF匚⑺noneInpFct-IDFdCxd-)noneInpFct-IDFdCyd)noneInpFct-IDFdCzd^noneCleara門匚皂■in[m]-=U?Licleara門匚已1ny[m]0?0cleara門匚已inz[rn]0?0R.uutFu門匚fions:1=offstateeventsReferenceMarkerformeas十匚al匚noneExpressionforFxnoneExpresslcmforFynoneExpress!cmforFznoneOutputForceintumarker==No<k3>JOK二匸3DGraphicsI設(shè)置力元件外形,OK。同理,創(chuàng)建力元件SS_BR。第2個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)向架創(chuàng)建Mark點(diǎn)構(gòu)架上的Mark點(diǎn),F(xiàn)rame2_SS_L(0,-0.94,-0.75),F(xiàn)rame2_SS_R(0,0.94,-0.75)車體上的Mark點(diǎn),Carbody_SS_FL(7.85,-0.94,-0.75),Carbody_SS_FR(7.85,0.94,-0.75)o13.2.2創(chuàng)建垂向彈簧>>Elements>>Forces,創(chuàng)建力元件SS_FL,SS_FR,參數(shù)同前。13.4保存設(shè)置建模窗口〉>File>>Save,建模窗口〉>File>>Reload。13.4載荷預(yù)平衡關(guān)閉建模窗口。主窗口〉>Calculation>>NonimalForces,出現(xiàn)載荷預(yù)平衡窗口。點(diǎn)擊【ResetNonimalandConstraintForces】,去除原來的載荷預(yù)平衡。點(diǎn)擊【InitialisewithAll】,點(diǎn)擊【PerformCalculation】,計(jì)算結(jié)果窗口出現(xiàn)。檢查各力元件上載荷的對(duì)稱性,如果各相同位置力元件的載荷基本相等,點(diǎn)擊【Save】,出現(xiàn)計(jì)算結(jié)果保持窗口,點(diǎn)擊OK。小技巧:如果力元件的橫向和縱向預(yù)平衡載荷存在很小的載荷時(shí),使用建模窗口中>>Calculation>>TimeIntegration進(jìn)行模型檢查時(shí)可能無法運(yùn)行。出現(xiàn)這種情況時(shí)處理如下:⑴在建模窗口打開VehicleGlobal窗口,進(jìn)入【ContactForce]設(shè)置窗口,將[AllowWheelLef]設(shè)置為“SetTx=Ty=0whenN<0andcontinue',OK,回到VehicleGlobal窗口,點(diǎn)擊[ApplyasDefaults],Close,退出VehicleGlobal窗口。保持文件,Reload。⑵使用建模窗口中>>Calculation>>TimeIntegration進(jìn)行模型檢査。⑶打開VehicleGlobal窗口,進(jìn)入[ContactForce]設(shè)置窗口,將[AllowWheelLeft]改回原來的設(shè)置“AbortSimulationwhenNvO”,OK,回到VehicleGlobal窗口,點(diǎn)擊[ApplyasDefaults],Close,退出VehicleGlobal窗口。保持文件,Reloado⑷使用建模窗口中>>Calculation>>TimeIntegration再次進(jìn)行模型檢查。模型文件名:Ametro_12。14二系垂向減振器14.1第1個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)向架創(chuàng)建Mark點(diǎn)構(gòu)架上的Mark點(diǎn),Frame1_SDZ_L(-0.41,-1.235,-0.4),Frame1_SS_R(0.41,1.235,-0.4)。車體上的Mark點(diǎn),Carbody_SD乙BL(-7.85-0.41,-1.235,-0.9),Carbody_SD乙BR(-7.85+0.41,1.235,-0.9)o14.1.2創(chuàng)建垂向減振器>>Elements>>Forces,創(chuàng)建力元件SD乙BL?!綟orceType】選擇02:DamperPtp,設(shè)置阻尼參數(shù),如下圖。

設(shè)置力元件外形,OK。同理,創(chuàng)建力元件SD乙BR。14.2第2個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)向架創(chuàng)建Mark點(diǎn)構(gòu)架上的Mark點(diǎn),F(xiàn)rame2_SDZ_L(-0.41,-1.235,-0.4),F(xiàn)rame2_SS_R(0.41,1.235,-0.4)。車體上的Mark點(diǎn),Carbody_SDZ_FL(-7.85-0.41+15.7,-1.235,-0.9),Carbody_SDZ_FR(-7.85+0.41+15.7,1.235,-0.9)o14.2.2創(chuàng)建垂向減振器>>Elements>>Forces,創(chuàng)建力元件SD乙FL,SD乙FR,參數(shù)同前。模型文件名:Ametro_13。15橫向減振器15.1第1個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)向架創(chuàng)建Mark點(diǎn)構(gòu)架上的Mark點(diǎn),F(xiàn)rame1_SDY(-0.21,-0.3,-0.7)o車體上的Mark點(diǎn),Carbody_SDY_B(-7.85-0.21,0.3,-0.7)15.1.2創(chuàng)建橫向減振器>>Elements>>Forces,創(chuàng)建力元件SDY_B?!綟orceType】選擇02:DamperPtp,設(shè)置阻尼參數(shù),如下圖

LJii*SIIFACE:MBSForceEleMentParameters□■sriipin口d[N5/rn]=LJii*SIIFACE:MBSForceEleMentParameters□■sriipin口d[N5/rn]=40000■匚i□KI二II3DGraphicsIFromMarkeri...$M_Carbody_SDY_BT□Markerj...$M_Frame1_SDYDataBase...|門口門已Identityto...non已ForceType...02:DamperPtPName$F_SDY_E:設(shè)置力元件外形,OK。15.2第2個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)向架創(chuàng)建Mark點(diǎn)構(gòu)架上的Mark點(diǎn),F(xiàn)rame2_SDY(0.21,0.3,-0.7)o車體上的Mark點(diǎn),Carbody_SDY_F(7.85+0.21,-0.3,-0.7)o備注:每轉(zhuǎn)向架只有一個(gè)橫向傳感器,車體上的橫向減振器靠外側(cè)布置15.1.2創(chuàng)建橫向減振器>>Elements>>Forces,創(chuàng)建力元件SDY_F,參數(shù)同上。模型文件名:Ametro_14。16縱向牽引彈簧16.1第1個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)向架創(chuàng)建Mark點(diǎn)構(gòu)架上的Mark點(diǎn),F(xiàn)rame1_TR(0,0,-0.42)。車體上的Mark點(diǎn),Carbody_TR_B(-7.85,0,-0.42)o16.1.2創(chuàng)建牽引彈簧>>Elements>>Forces,創(chuàng)建力元件TR_B?!綟orceType】選擇05:SpringCmp,設(shè)置彈簧參數(shù),如下圖

rio>nK[N:[n:[N:IIP1.CE:IBSForceEleKentParameterc3DGraphicsIDataBase.ncmeIdentityto.門匚i門已FaceType.|C6:Sprina-DamperparallelCmpFileToMaikerj...1F_TR_B:iM_Cart.r.=ly_TF!_Brio>nK[N:[n:[N:IIP1.CE:IBSForceEleKentParameterc3DGraphicsIDataBase.ncmeIdentityto.門匚i門已FaceType.|C6:Sprina-DamperparallelCmpFileToMaikerj...1F_TR_B:iM_Cart.r.=ly_TF!_B:iM_Frame1_TRN-=rri已FromMarkeri...OutputFij『匚已Intomarker2000?i]u?u0?0□?0500001]0?Q0?[I口?〔Id_y[Ns/m]d_Z[Ns/ril]FEI:y::l尸匚⑺Fd(xd)FDMJFdi;zd:iinx[m]iny[m]□.o0?[Inonenonenonenonenonenone0?00H00?0etateevent!nonenonenonenoneNonrinalFor匚亡F_nom_xNorTTinalFor匚ef_hnm_yNomlnalForceF_nom_25fiffness匚_::?:[N/m;Stiffnessc_y[N/m'stiffness[N/iti'□anpingOarrpinqInpFct-IDsInpFCt-ID:InpFct-lD;InpFct-ID^inpFct-lD^inpFct-lD:clearan匚已Clearance___clearan匚已inz[m]RootFuri匚tione:1=offR.eferen匚eMarkerformeas十匚al匚Expre5!5ion干□廣FExpress!onforFyExp廠匚ssionforFz設(shè)置力元件外形,OK。16.2第2個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)向架創(chuàng)建Mark點(diǎn)構(gòu)架上的Mark點(diǎn),F(xiàn)rame2_TR(0,0,-0.42)。車體上的Mark點(diǎn),Carbody_TR_F(7.85,0,-0.42)16.2.2創(chuàng)建牽引彈簧>>Elements>>Forces,創(chuàng)建力元件TR_F。彈簧參數(shù)同上模型文件名:Ametro_15。17扭桿彈簧17.1第1個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)向架創(chuàng)建Mark點(diǎn)構(gòu)架上的Mark點(diǎn),F(xiàn)rame1_ARB(0,0,-0.5)。車體上的Mark點(diǎn),Carbody_ARB_B(-7.85,0,-0.5)o17.1.2創(chuàng)建扭桿彈簧>>Elements>>Forces,創(chuàng)建力元件ARB_B?!綟orceType】選擇13:Spr-DamprotMeas.-InpCmp,設(shè)置彈簧參數(shù),如下圖

*-■0SIIPACE:IBSForceElement口回刃F訂包H&lp口回刃NameFromHarkeri...$M_Carbody_ARB_EiToMarkerj...?M_Frame1_ARDDataBase...noneIdentityto...noneForceTppe...3:Gpr-DamprotMe-3s.-lnpCnnpPsrsnneteriNomlnalTorqueT_norn_alMominalTorqueT_notri_beNomlnalTcirqu亡T_notn_ga.[Nm][Hm]rwmi=LI■匸1=U?O=U■匸1列Istiftuses[Nffl/r-idl=25OOOOO.05tiffn亡55c_b亡[Hrn/rncl]=0?Ci5tiffne£5c_ga[Nm/rad]=0.0□-snipingd_al[Nrns/rad]=U?O□dmplngd_b亡[Nms/rad]=U■匸1□ampingd_口a[Ntris/rad]=U■匸1Anglecal匚ulntionTyp亡=smal1anglesinpFCt-lD:T匚〔al3=noneInpF匚t-工口:丁_匚(bej=nuneinpFct-lD:T匚Cgaj=noneinpiFct-io:T_dCa1d^=nuneinpFct-io:TdCbed^=nunempFCt-io:T_dCgad^=noneExpr亡s5lonforT_al=none7<|J|E■判QE二二]3DGraphicsI設(shè)置力元件外形,OK。17.2第2個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)向架創(chuàng)建Mark點(diǎn)構(gòu)架上的Mark點(diǎn),F(xiàn)rame2_ARB(0,0,-0.5)。車體上的Mark點(diǎn),Carbody_ARB_F(7.85,0,-0.5)o17.2.2創(chuàng)建扭桿彈簧>>Elements>>Forces,創(chuàng)建力元件TR_F。彈簧參數(shù)同上模型文件名:Ametro_16。18橫向止檔18.1第1個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)向架創(chuàng)建Mark點(diǎn)構(gòu)架上的Mark點(diǎn),F(xiàn)rame1_BS(0,0,-0.8)。車體上的Mark點(diǎn),Carbody_BS_B(-7.85,0,-0.8)o18.1.2創(chuàng)建橫向止檔力特性函數(shù)>>Elements>>lnputFunctions,新建一^力特性函數(shù)BumpStop?!緓-unit】選擇m,【y-unit】選擇N,按下圖輸入數(shù)據(jù)。選擇插值方式,【Plot】畫圖。SIIFACE:IBSInputFunctionFileHelpName$l_BumpStopc*localDataBaseNumberofValuePairs:-□?025-44000?0-匚1?022-23000?0-□?019-12000?0-匚1?017-8200?□一匚1?014-4000?□-匸1?U11-600?D-匚1?010?00?00?0□?010?010□?011600?011□?0144000?□12Cj?U178200?□13□?01912000?014□?02223000?0IE□?02544000?0<IJlZmCStepInterpolation「LinearInterpolationLinearExtrapolation<?AkimaSplineInterpolationCCubicSplin已I門怕『pobticin'■*AutomaticScaling:Setxminxmax:x-Control:Inpil.-FirciiaYIlb上丫理鄒j,MUFi3i22I?-nj-LWPy-^.005akgiw-n18.1.3創(chuàng)建橫向止檔>>Elements>>Forces,創(chuàng)建力元件BS_B?!綟orceType】選擇05:,設(shè)置彈簧參數(shù),如下圖NameFromMarkeri...T□Markerj...DataBase...nureIdcriityto...none105:Spring-DanrcieiparaleiCrrpFaceType...SF_B3_Ei:5M_Carbody_BS_BParamehrsNornin-alForceF_rn:irTi_x_NorrrinalFur匸已F_nurii_y[N;NurrnnalForceF_nuni_z“StiffnessN[N/mlinpFct-IDstoi0.00.00.0□?0stiffriess匸latrpiridD-in-pingD-^rnpirigD?口Cl.0Cl.0Cl.0noneinpF匚t-:!:匚i:Fi=i:_z_:iInpFct-I□:Fdifxd:iinpF匚t:一工匚i:Fdi;yd;:iInpF匚1z_工口:Fdi:>d)cleara門匚已inx[rn]nonenonenonenoneCl.0匚1eara門匚已mz[m]=R.uotFl」門匚tions:1—off—Referan匚已M.arkerformeas+ca1匚=E:-::pre55icmforFx=E:-::pre55icmforFy=Exp廠亡:fmi口「ifor尸e—□?□stateeventnonenonenonenoneOutputForce1ntomar'ker<Nuuni3DGraphics設(shè)置力元件外形,OK。18.2第2個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)向架創(chuàng)建Mark點(diǎn)構(gòu)架上的Mark點(diǎn),F(xiàn)rame2_BS(0,0,-0.8)。車體上的Mark點(diǎn),Carbody_BS_F(-7.85,0,-0.8)o18.2.2創(chuàng)建橫向止檔>>Elements>>Forces,創(chuàng)建力元件BS_F,彈簧參數(shù)設(shè)置同上模型文件名:Ametro_17。19模型檢查19.1載荷預(yù)平衡關(guān)閉建模窗口。主窗口〉>Calculation>>NonimalForces,出現(xiàn)載荷預(yù)平衡窗口。點(diǎn)擊【ResetNonimalandConstraintForces】,去除原來的載荷預(yù)平衡。點(diǎn)擊【InitialisewithAll】,點(diǎn)擊【PerformCalculation】,計(jì)算結(jié)果窗口出現(xiàn)。檢查各力IIII元件上載荷的對(duì)稱性。如果各相同位置力元件的載荷基本相等,點(diǎn)擊【Save】,出現(xiàn)計(jì)算結(jié)果保持窗口,點(diǎn)擊OK。19.2計(jì)算檢查進(jìn)入建模窗口。建模窗口>>Calculation>>TimeIntegration,出現(xiàn)時(shí)域積分窗口,選擇【Go】。如果轉(zhuǎn)向架圖形開始運(yùn)動(dòng),說明模型正常。否則,自動(dòng)退出該窗口。19.3保持文件建模窗口〉>File>>Save,>>File>>Reload。20振型分析20.1模型線性化20.1.1輪軌接觸線性化建模窗口>>Globals>>VehicleGlobals,出現(xiàn)車輛總體參數(shù)設(shè)置窗口【W(wǎng)heel/RailProfileGeometry】選擇"Linearsed",點(diǎn)擊【Define】。I^peaQu祇卜Lineal汨lion-Ldmtdatyharmonic-Sigma,$p$icin:byharmonclin$aii$a)ion-V/heelselpmeamiedatizertei.rolnioyemr-tccnadeiaiLinmari汨HonAmplitude|m)0.003CloseLineaiiceClose選擇【HarmonicLinearisation】,然后點(diǎn)擊【Linearise】,回到上級(jí)窗口20.1.2狀態(tài)參數(shù)線性化Q0r建模窗口〉>Globals>>LinearisationStates,出現(xiàn)狀態(tài)參數(shù)線性化窗口cQ0rST.1PA£E:]-injE*E"izn-ticinStarteHtlpInitialBl^be2QPU2Qi:E咖字工qp$■z口C42qpl2QPU2Qi:E咖字工qp$■z口C42qpl:47gC5羽p爐2QLL2QPCL硼住工9口2QC470pl:4zgrsM呻工gi.£2gpi.sWheelwheelteciwheelseel^hecistfiWheelsetlWheeltetlWheeltetlwriE£1ieciWheelFetl^ihrrlseflWheelsetlWheel&etlvjheelwhesl5ec£VMhEPl5EtaWheelsetsWheels-EtlWheelfrEtZv^hgelteczWH啟ElEEtg^herlsrtZ;WheelsetsWheeltetZwheeltecz=Q、OOODDDDDE+DQ=1.DOODDDDDE+D1-0.DOODDDDDE+D口-O.OCiCiCiOOCiQEtOO--4.L9759E4BE-D1=□.ODD口口口DDE十El口=Z?427ZL74£E-11-0.OOODDDDQE+D口-0,00000000E+OO-0,00000000Etoo■=■□.QDDDDDDDEtD口a373517^5E+Dl=Z?5OODDDDDE+D口—1.OOODDDDDE+OJ.-0,00000000E+00二□.ODD口口口DDE十[]口=-4.L37E9B4BE-D1=OiOOODDDDDEtD口=1?^03S!!PtSE-ll-0,00000000E+OO-O.OuOOOOCiQEtQa■□.ODD口口口DDE十[]口=0.OOODDDDDE+D口=-Za3ZS917i|=E+01-M-n-n-oA-o..in-oo□7□n-oD殳-M-n-ooQuh.l卜000-u1-04doo03e0o01-04o-u003_-5-CqhSettledCqhSettled5伯詢5Line^ri^lnnSlcteCop^AllJonlLinBariz=iliod£l報(bào)r-"選擇【CopyAllJointStatestoLinearizationState],點(diǎn)擊【OK】20.1.3保持文件建模窗口〉>File>>Save,>>File>>Reload,文件Ametro_18。20.2特征根計(jì)算主窗口>>Calculation>>Eigenvaluse,出現(xiàn)特征根計(jì)算窗口點(diǎn)擊【Perform】,計(jì)算結(jié)果如下圖。SIIPACI@@00一EigGBValues:AaMiro」靠□?fcStaleIdiLrtuiizatiarc□neiaiizialicnFtiilk_I[+rrcd?shepe)▼—-3.zsasE+o-i■i叭DCiDOE+DCilrnnoa□.ooanz-3.2E2?EtO4■+UuOODOE-i-DOluUODO0.ODDij320.2特征根計(jì)算主窗口>>Calculation>>Eigenvaluse,出現(xiàn)特征根計(jì)算窗口點(diǎn)擊【Perform】,計(jì)算結(jié)果如下圖。SIIPACI@@00一EigGBValues:AaMiro」靠□?fcStaleIdiLrtuiizatiarc□neiaiizialicnFtiilk_I[+rrcd?shepe)▼—-3.zsasE+o-i■i叭DCiDOE+DCilrnnoa□.ooanz-3.2E2?EtO4■+UuOODOE-i-DOluUODO0.ODDij3-3.252SEtO4O.OODOEtOOIrOOOCl0,Oiji:n:i4-3.ZE2?E+0^1■+auOOOOEt-DO1-uODO4口noo5-1.D383Eta4t0.ODDQEtOQ1.ODDO□.DOQOa-9.S-91?EtO3■+auOODOEi-D>:>luUODOCl.ODDij?-1.D3S3EtO4■+O.DlJOQEtOLll.OLiOQ□.DOQOB=1.□如E+CH+[J?DOO0E+nO1?OODO0.□□□□9-8.7D74EtO3ta.ODDQEtOQ1.ODDO□.DOQO10-3.7D77E+03OrOOOCIE^OOlrOOnnCh口oan11-S.7D77EtO3■+a.DDDQE+DQ1.D0DCI□.ODOOIE-B.7D77E+034OrOOOClE+O0lrOnooChnpnn13/14a.DDaoEtao□.ODDOErDaD.DDDQ□.DDQOIE/16ChOOnnE+on+/-OrOOOClE^OOOrnnoaCh口oan1.7-2?-165?£+0:|0-□uCiODOE-i-DOluUODO0.ODDij1H-2.斗弓弓FE+DCi4OrOOOCiE+O0lrOnooChnpnn13/2D-1.77^^EtC'O1b305SE-D4luOOD':'C'.ODO':'-1.05S4E-0L0,33830.0^66Re-al-Fart[1/5]Imaq--F-art[rad/S]NatuD-anpinqFrequen匚峯[-]_[H2]特征根計(jì)算窗口〉>File>>Save。20.3振型顯示建模窗口〉>Animation>>Modeshapes,出現(xiàn)AnimationControl選擇振型后播放,動(dòng)畫速度和播放模式可調(diào)整。Panal。SIIPA£!KiAkLiMation-ControlPaiwl|O|EditIflod4HalfNaNatDBrrphoI]FrEquerict(Hz]口口口口,Iasoai[\a畀口1百口廠I口1斗9lj47SD2594S3^E00-4A0031ZBSEZ2B33ZE4424143031135|113ZInn^?003705IB051700^1D00^LI11431.

1315za202222309D4SS?□19DLD3Z977E2636述4?3^3L3E-DL3dE3£2B023510^1LHCPLOZE10259232竝加4756489DFrameNumbarSpeed-FadtcfpziB-J[so-i■i■i■i■11■i■i■■■i■■■i■■■■■■i■■■i■■■■■■FlapMads:廠O+GrOReoaidngan苗HIPclureNameIAmEtrD_18_MS027Pclurw:)qOK

20.3車輛的振型車輛的振型如下表所示。序次振型頻率(HZ)阻尼比(%)1車體下心滾擺0.759314.832車體浮沉1.308014.903車體搖頭1.469146.904車體上心滾擺2.000322.435車體點(diǎn)頭2.049226.936前后構(gòu)架同相浮沉5.868330.467前后構(gòu)架反相浮沉5.934328.368前后構(gòu)架反相點(diǎn)頭8.127728.369前后構(gòu)架同相點(diǎn)頭8.129422.4410前后構(gòu)架反相側(cè)滾8.949841.9511前后構(gòu)架同相側(cè)滾9.022642.9512前后構(gòu)架反相橫移13.07547.4213前后構(gòu)架同相橫移13.07547.4614前后構(gòu)架同相搖頭20.85750.8115前后構(gòu)架反相搖頭20.85840.8120車輪踏面任一形狀的車輪踏面需要經(jīng)過兩個(gè)步驟才能被程序應(yīng)用。1:將車輪踏面的數(shù)據(jù)文件載入,該步驟是在"ProfileApproximation"窗口下完成的。2:生成輪軌接觸數(shù)據(jù)表,該步驟是在建模窗口下的"VehicleGlobals”窗口下完成的20.1車輪踏面的數(shù)據(jù)文件載入20.1.1數(shù)據(jù)文件格式數(shù)據(jù)文件采用ASCII文件格式。車輪踏面數(shù)據(jù)文件的第1、2行是說明踏面字符,第3行是有效數(shù)據(jù)列數(shù)值,以下各行是車輪踏面的坐標(biāo)值,其中第1列為丫坐標(biāo),必須從小到大排列,方向從左到右;第2列為Z坐標(biāo),向上為正(指向輪心)。

軌頭外形數(shù)據(jù)文件的數(shù)據(jù)文件結(jié)構(gòu)與車輪踏面的相同,其Y坐標(biāo)必須從小到大排列方向從左到右,Z坐標(biāo)向上為正(指向軌頭外)。坐標(biāo)數(shù)值的單位為mm。數(shù)據(jù)文件需要保持在以下指定目錄:C:/SIMPACKv8.8/ren(用戶名)/SIMPACK.8800/dat/wheel_rail_profs_measured/Ycoordmateofmeasuredprofiledata園USdar1profile;7fl7d-3M.B25D0Q-31*^?UB33-3?.^16&66-34.73666?Ycoordmateofmeasuredprofiledata園USdar1profile;7fl7d-3M.B25D0Q-31*^?UB33-3?.^16&66-34.73666?-38^33333-sift.msnn-37.6SHQI3n-3^.646333-36.766fifi6-3F.8S3333-35?DUO閒PH-34.MSS3334.114666-33.2S3933-32.K80M-31.wear-3*i.33fl167-39?5貂狛3-3^.295090-29.7000DO-34.250633-28.816667286667-27.933333-5?7.05fm0ft-3H.118333-Z6.166&67-3M.07M67-25.263333Zcoordinateofmea^ifedprofiledatahvoIlinasfarcommenits..Numberoflineswith——measureddatavaluepairs1irt^rid冋.Vheelprofile,userdefined二1^16-5,W0E*01-5,934E*01-5.873E*01-5-827E*01-5,B1ZE*01-5_7S2E*01-^,7fi7F*R1-1.222E*00-2-13fiE*D0-S_l3ii!9Et00-3,963E*00-4.876E*00-5.789E*??-6_703Et00-7.616E*DD-S.530E*00-9-l|li3E*001.036E*i1-1,127E*01-1.218E#Q11^310EtO1i-1.4PI1F*A1ThemaximumnumberofvaluepairsIslimitedto600I'ThieYcoordinatehastot>eincreasing.Normallythem

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