高考英語閱讀理解之七選五專題復(fù)習(xí)課件

七選五閱讀專題學(xué)習(xí)高中英語七選五閱讀高中英語Teachingaims:(教學(xué)目標(biāo))●了解“七選五”的特點、掌握解這類題的技巧?！窭谩捌哌x五”的特點及解題技巧解題?！裢ㄟ^一定的練習(xí)，讓學(xué)生培養(yǎng)出做這類題型的自信心。Teachingaims:(教學(xué)目標(biāo))Step1:Leading-in

(導(dǎo)入)試題模式：給出一篇缺少5個句子的文章，對應(yīng)有7個選項，要求同學(xué)們根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)、內(nèi)容，選出正確的句子，填入相應(yīng)的空白處?？疾橹攸c：主要考查學(xué)生對文章的整體內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)以及上下文邏輯意義的理解和掌握。（考試說明）選項特點：主旨概括句（文章整體內(nèi)容）過渡性句子（文章結(jié)構(gòu)）注釋性句子（上下文邏輯意義）

題型解讀:高考大綱要求Step1:Leading-in(導(dǎo)入)試題模式：給出一練習(xí)中找門道練習(xí)中找門道

Whetheryou'reflyingtoanislandparadiseortravelingforbusiness,thesepackingtipswillhelpyouminimizetimeandmaximizespace.Startwiththeright-sizedsuitcase

36.Butifyoucan'ttravellight,it'sbesttochooseabagthatcaneasilyaccommodateeverythingyouneed.Tryingtoforceafullsuitcasetoshutisawasteoftimeandenergy,especiallysinceyoumayreturnwithevenmorestuff,ifyouliketobuysouvenirs.LayeverythingoutbeforestartingLayeverythingyou'retakingoutonthebed,soyoucanseeexactlywhatyouneedtopackandspotanymissingitemspromptly.37.Forfoldeditems,puttinglayersoftissuebetweeneachitemwillcutdownonwrinkles.

38.Beginbyputtingrolleditemsinalayeratthebottomofyoursuitcase.Cushionfragileitemslikeperfumebottlesinthemiddle.Plantoputitemsyouneedonarrivalatthetopendofthecase.39.FinishwithalargetoplayerLastly,layalargeitemlikeatoweloverthetopsandtuckitinaroundthesides.40.It’seasiertoclosethezipperifyoudon'thaveitemslikebeltsorlaces.A.

PackyoursuitcaseinlayersB.ThenfoldorrolleachitemofclothingC.

TakeamomenttoassessyourneedsforthistripD.they'llbeeasytofindwhenyouneedthemE.

Forashorttrip,asmallcarry-onbagisidealF.

GeteverythingreadybeforeyoustarttheactualpackingG.

Thiswillstopitemsfromslidingaroundduringthe

journeyA.Packyoursuitcaseinlayer

索

36.Butifyoucan'ttravellight,it'sbesttochooseabagthatcaneasilyaccommodateeverythingyouneed.Tryingtoforceafullsuitcasetoshutisawasteoftimeandenergy,especiallysinceyoumayreturnwithevenmorestuff,ifyouliketobuysouvenirs.E.Forashorttrip,asmallcarry-onbagisidealE“邏輯”轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系解析：36空后的but顯示了前后句子是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。空后句子說的是“不能輕裝去旅行，最好挑選一個可以把需要的東西都裝下的包”。我們不難猜出這個包是“大”的。那么對應(yīng)的設(shè)空句所描述的包應(yīng)該是個便于攜帶的“小”背包。這樣，前后兩句話之間的邏輯關(guān)系幫助我們輕松找到答案。索36.Butifyoucan't詞匯LayeverythingoutbeforestartingLayeverythingyou'retakingoutonthebed,soyoucanseeexactlywhatyouneedtopackandspotanymissingitemspromptly.37.Forfoldeditems,puttinglayersoftissuebetweeneachitemwillcutdownonwrinkles.B.ThenfoldorrolleachitemofclothingB

索

詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)解析：37空前提到了出發(fā)旅行前把要帶的東西（everything=items)拿出放到床上，目的是確定需要帶什么和發(fā)現(xiàn)遺漏的物品（items)?？蘸缶渥诱f的是如何在行李箱里放需要折疊的物品。其中，folded和items與選項B中的fold和item明顯是相同的詞語重復(fù)出現(xiàn)，這就是提示詞。那么設(shè)空的句子要描述的自然是把物品全拿出來，確定了以后如何裝衣服這樣的可折疊的物品了。詞匯Layeverythingoutbeforest詞匯38.Beginbyputtingrolleditemsinalayeratthebottomofyoursuitcase.Cushionfragileitemslikeperfumebottlesinthemiddle.Plantoputitemsyouneedonarrivalatthetopendofthecase.A.PackyoursuitcaseinlayersA

索

句式一致以動原開頭的祈使句解析：38空是小標(biāo)題類的設(shè)空。它對整個段落有概括歸納的作用。因此它的內(nèi)容由下文段落決定，它的格式依據(jù)全文的每個小標(biāo)題的格式確定。全文共有4個段落標(biāo)題。其它3個都是動詞原形（start;lay和finish)開頭的祈使句。因此38空也應(yīng)該是祈使句，答案在A.C或者F中。根據(jù)下文的putting…atthebottomof/inthemiddle/atthetopof,我們知道這是講把物品分層裝到行李箱里。因此答案為A。詞匯38.A.Packyoursuitca

Beginbyputtingrolleditemsinalayeratthebottomofyoursuitcase.Cushionfragileitemslikeperfumebottlesinthemiddle.Plantoputitemsyouneedonarrivalatthetopendofthecase.39.D.Sothey'llbeeasytofindwhenyouneedthem因果關(guān)系D

索“邏輯”解析：39空是段尾的設(shè)空。它對整個段落有歸納總結(jié)的作用。因此，它的內(nèi)容與整個段落的內(nèi)容或者與前一句的內(nèi)容有關(guān)系。全段落前門分別講述了物品如何分三層裝在行李箱里。但靠近39空的前一句有說的把到了目的地后“需要（youneed)的物品放在頂層”。那我們要問一下了，為什么要這樣放？前面講述的是結(jié)果（如何放），后面要說原因（容易找到：easytofind）。這樣前句和設(shè)空句之間是因果關(guān)系。Beginbyputtingrolledi

Finishwithalargetoplayer

Lastly,layalargeitemlikeatoweloverthetopsandtuckitinaroundthesides.40.It'seasiertoclosethezipperifyoudon'thaveitemslikebeltsorlaces.G.ThiswillstopitemsfromslidingaroundduringthejourneyG

索

代詞指代解析：40空是段中的設(shè)空。它對其前后句子有承上啟下的作用。前面說了在最上面放一塊大的毛巾那樣的東西，再把它塞到四周里，空后句子說了這樣容易把拉鏈（zipper)拉住。那么設(shè)空句還是要說放那塊大毛巾再塞到四周的好處或作用。要發(fā)現(xiàn)這樣做的好處，我們就必須注意句子里面像“it”這樣的代詞的指代作用。選項G中提到的“防止物品滾動”就是上面說的放置物品的方法（this)帶來的。Finishwithalargetopl七選五解題技巧1

1.詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)

3.代詞指代2.句式（句子結(jié)構(gòu)）一致4.邏輯關(guān)系七選五解題技巧11.詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)3.代詞指代2.句式（句子結(jié)1)詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)法

詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)是作者在文章上下文不同的位置對同一個概念進行重復(fù)描述，從而使得同樣的意思（詞匯）在文章中不同的地方重復(fù)出現(xiàn)，這也是保證文章前后銜接而經(jīng)常使用的一種寫作手段。復(fù)現(xiàn)的形式主要是指主要是指（1）同詞（同源詞）復(fù)現(xiàn)、（2）同（近）義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、（3）反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)等。

1)詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)法例（1）Beforeyoushakehandswithsomebody,makesurethatyourhandsareclean.Thehandshakeshouldnotbetoostrongorweak.Mostpeopleusetheirrighthands,unlesstheyhaveareasontousetheleft.____…You’llbeinserioustroubleifyouleavethemwithabadimpression.However,don’thaveyourlefthandinyourpocketsbecausethisappearsimpolite.B相同詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)例（1）Beforeyoushakehandswit例（2）Part1全國課標(biāo)卷

…Duringmyfirstmeeting,Ipresentedandthenopenedthefloortoquestions.71.Myfirstreactionwastoanswerdefensively（防御性地）.…B.Restatethequestionwithrespect.C.Someideascanbequiteconcrete（具體的）.D.Thereweremanydifficultquestions.詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)（同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)）DOpenthefloortoquestions:自由提問例（2）Part1全國課標(biāo)卷…Duringmy例3

…Weneedtotaketimeoutfromworktorelax,andjustbeourselves.36

Weshouldallbeallowedtoleaveourjobsbehindus…考查段中句。前文有work,后文有job

E.Lifeisnotallaboutwork,oratleastitshouldn'tbe.技巧1：掌握詞語的復(fù)現(xiàn)（同義詞）技巧，確定答案。Withitcomemanyhealthproblems.Whenyoufinallygethomeyou'llbegreatlyrefreshed.Ichallengeeachoneofyoutodothesame.Drawupadetailedplansoyoucanseemore.Lifeisnotallaboutwork,oratleastitshouldn'tbe.Andonlyyouknowhowtovacationyourway.Formynextholiday,IwilldoallthethingsthatIlovedoing.E例3…Weneedtotaketimeout例

4Imagineachildstandingonadivingboardfourfeethighandaskinghimselfthequestion:“ShouldIjump?Thisiswhat

motivation（動機，誘因）orthelackofitcando.Motivationandgoalsettingarethetwosidesofsamecoin.36Likethechildonthedivingboard,youwillstayundecided.技巧：運用相同詞語復(fù)現(xiàn)的辦法確定答案。GA.Thiscanaffectyourwork.B.Sohowshouldyoumotivateyourself?C.However,thisshouldnotdiscourageyou.D.Sowhyshouldwetrytosetspecificgoals?E.Theycanchangeaccordingtocircumstances.F.Motivationiswhatyouneedmosttodoagoodjob.G.Withoutmotivation,youcanneithersetagoalnorreachit.例4Imagineachildstandingon

例（5）Therearetimesinourlivessuchaswhenwehaverecentlymovedintoanewtown,orchangedourjobsorschools.Suchchangesoftenleavesuswithoutafriend71.Butformanyofustheprocessisdifficultandrequirescourage….D.Trynottofindfaultwithyourfriends.E.Makingnewfriendscomeseasyforsomepeople.F.Forafriendshiptodevelopyouneedtostayintouch.

詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)（反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)）E例（5）TherearetimesinourlParentsshouldhelptheirchildrenunderstandmoney.71soyoumaystarttalkingaboutmoneywhenyourchildshowsaninterestinbuyingthings,candyortoys,forexample.D.Talkyourselfwhatthingsthatcostmoneyaremostimportanttoyou.E.Askyourselfwhatthingsthatcostmoneyaremostimportanttoyou.G.Thebesttimetoteachachildanythingaboutmoneyiswhenheshowsaninterest.例（6）同一范疇的詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)GParentsshouldhelptheirchil2)句式（結(jié)構(gòu)）一致

句式（結(jié)構(gòu)）一致多用來解答段落標(biāo)題或者文中寫作運用排比格式之類的題目。我們可以通過觀察整篇文章的結(jié)構(gòu)，選擇出需要的答案。

2)句式（結(jié)構(gòu)）一致例（1）AbirthdaysurpriseNathanwokeupearlyandracedintothekitchen.Hesawhisfamilypreparingtheirbreakfastjustlikeeveryotherday._____Wherewashisbirthdaycake?Didhisfamilyforgethisspecialday?…Andtherewasnobody.Wherewerehisbirthdaypresents?B句子結(jié)構(gòu)一致例（1）AbirthdaysurpriseB句子

Whetheryou'reflyingtoanislandparadiseortravelingforbusiness,thesepackingtipswillhelpyouminimizetimeandmaximizespace.Startwiththeright-sizedsuitcase

36.Butifyoucan'ttravellight,it'sbesttochooseabagthatcaneasilyaccommodateeverythingyouneed.Tryingtoforceafullsuitcasetoshutisawasteoftimeandenergy,especiallysinceyoumayreturnwithevenmorestuff,ifyouliketobuysouvenirs.LayeverythingoutbeforestartingLayeverythingyou'retakingoutonthebed,soyoucanseeexactlywhatyouneedtopackandspotanymissingitemspromptly.37.Forfoldeditems,puttinglayersoftissuebetweeneachitemwillcutdownonwrinkles.

38.Beginbyputtingrolleditemsinalayeratthebottomofyoursuitcase.Cushionfragileitemslikeperfumebottlesinthemiddle.Plantoputitemsyouneedonarrivalatthetopendofthecase.39.FinishwithalargetoplayerLastly,layalargeitemlikeatoweloverthetopsandtuckitinaroundthesides.40.It’seasiertoclosethezipperifyoudon'thaveitemslikebeltsorlaces.A.

PackyoursuitcaseinlayersB.ThenfoldorrolleachitemofclothingC.TakeamomenttoassessyourneedsforthistripD.they'llbeeasytofindwhenyouneedthemE.

Forashorttrip,asmallcarry-onbagisidealF.

GeteverythingreadybeforeyoustarttheactualpackingG.ThiswillstopitemsfromslidingaroundduringthejourneyA.Packyoursuitcaseinlayer詞匯38.Beginbyputtingrolleditemsinalayeratthebottomofyoursuitcase.Cushionfragileitemslikeperfumebottlesinthemiddle.Plantoputitemsyouneedonarrivalatthetopendofthecase.A.PackyoursuitcaseinlayersA

首先考慮

句式一致以動原開頭的句子，我們初步確定答案為A、C或者F，又根據(jù)文中同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，確定答案。詞匯38.A.Packyoursuitca3)代詞的指代代詞是文中應(yīng)用最多的詞匯，理解了代詞在文章中的指代意思，能夠幫助我們很好地選擇所需答案。我們可以通過全面觀察代詞在文中出現(xiàn)的位置，理解它的指代含義，從而在所給選項中選出需要的答案。

3)代詞的指代7

Theysaythefirststepistoadmitthatyouareangryandtorecognizetherealcauseoftheanger,…

B.Hesaidthatlaughterismuchhealthierthananger.A.Doctorssaythesolutionislearninghowtodealwithanger.TheyA代詞指代例（1）7Theysaythefirstst代詞提示：

it:單數(shù)名詞或整個句子；this:單數(shù)名詞或句子；one:單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞；they/them:復(fù)數(shù)名詞代詞提示：it:單數(shù)名詞或整個句子；this:單數(shù)名詞或句子

Whetheryou'reflyingtoanislandparadiseortravelingforbusiness,thesepackingtipswillhelpyouminimizetimeandmaximizespace.Startwiththeright-sizedsuitcase

36.Butifyoucan'ttravellight,it'sbesttochooseabagthatcaneasilyaccommodateeverythingyouneed.Tryingtoforceafullsuitcasetoshutisawasteoftimeandenergy,especiallysinceyoumayreturnwithevenmorestuff,ifyouliketobuysouvenirs.LayeverythingoutbeforestartingLayeverythingyou'retakingoutonthebed,soyoucanseeexactlywhatyouneedtopackandspotanymissingitemspromptly.37.Forfoldeditems,puttinglayersoftissuebetweeneachitemwillcutdownonwrinkles.

38.Beginbyputtingrolleditemsinalayeratthebottomofyoursuitcase.Cushionfragileitemslikeperfumebottlesinthemiddle.Plantoputitemsyouneedonarrivalatthetopendofthecase.39.FinishwithalargetoplayerLastly,layalargeitemlikeatoweloverthetopsandtuckitinaroundthesides.40.It’seasiertoclosethezipperifyoudon'thaveitemslikebeltsorlaces.A.

PackyoursuitcaseinlayersB.ThenfoldorrolleachitemofclothingC.TakeamomenttoassessyourneedsforthistripD.they'llbeeasytofindwhenyouneedthemE.

Forashorttrip,asmallcarry-onbagisidealF.

GeteverythingreadybeforeyoustarttheactualpackingG.ThiswillstopitemsfromslidingaroundduringthejourneyA.Packyoursuitcaseinlayer

Finishwithalargetoplayer

Lastly,layalargeitemlikeatoweloverthetopsandtuckitinaroundthesides.40.It'seasiertoclosethezipperifyoudon'thaveitemslikebeltsorlaces.G.ThiswillstopitemsfromslidingaroundduringthejourneyG

例2

代詞指代Finishwithalargetopl例

3Therearetimeswhenyourheartisnotinyourwork.

38

So,

slowdownandthinkwhatyoureallywanttodoatthatmoment.Clarity(清晰)ofthoughtscanhelpyoumoveforward.技巧1：代詞指代技巧2：詞語復(fù)現(xiàn)A.Thiscanaffectyourwork.B.Sohowshouldyoumotivateyourself?C.However,thisshouldnotdiscourageyou.D.Sowhyshouldwetrytosetspecificgoals?E.Theycanchangeaccordingtocircumstances.F.Motivationiswhatyouneedmosttodoagoodjob.G.Withoutmotivation,youcanneithersetagoalnorreachit.A例3Therearetimeswhenyourh

Workplacestressisontherise.__37__Theseincludedisease,depressionandevendeath.考查段中句。后句出現(xiàn)了代詞These

（指代可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)），可知前句講了與disease、depressionanddeath相關(guān)的主題，他們都屬于healthproblems。所以，我們要注意到選項A中的manyhealthproblems.A.Withitcomemanyhealthproblems.。技巧：代詞指代(代詞：it,this,that,they,these,those，或定冠詞the…)例4A.Withitcomemanyhealthproblems.B.Whenyoufinallygethomeyou'llbegreatlyrefreshed.C.Ichallengeeachoneofyoutodothesame.D.Drawupadetailedplansoyoucanseemore.E.Lifeisnotallaboutwork,oratleastitshouldn'tbe.F.Andonlyyouknowhowtovacationyourway.G.Formynextholiday,IwilldoallthethingsthatIlovedoing.選擇A時同樣應(yīng)該關(guān)注it的指代Workplacestressisonthe4）把握句與句間的邏輯關(guān)系4）把握句與句間的邏輯關(guān)系11.(2018全國Ⅰ卷)Butgoodnewsisthatthere'rereallyonlythreekindsofdecisionsyouneedtomakeaboutcolorinyourhome:thesmall

ones,themedium

ones,andthelarge

ones.

38.They‘rethelittlespotsofcolorlikethrowpillows（抱枕）,mirrorsandbaskets… Mediumcolorchoicesaregenerallyfurniturepiecessuchassofas,dinnertablesorbookshelves… Thelargecolordecisionsinyourroomsconcernthewalls,ceilings,andfloors…分總總分關(guān)系11.(2018全國Ⅰ卷)Butgoodnewsis解析：總體上看，文章的寫作是按照總分關(guān)系來分布的。前段末講到關(guān)于你房間顏色只有三種物品的選擇：小物品、中物品、大物品。這是總，接下來三段每段講一種，下文后兩段講了“Mediumcolorchoices”和“Thelargecolordecisions”，空缺的部分應(yīng)是“Smallcolorchoices”。故選D。(它與上文是總分關(guān)系，與下文是并列)。

D.Smallcolorchoicesaretheoneswe'remostfamiliarwithG.Colorchoicesinthisrangeareastepupfromthesmallonesintwomajorways解析：總體上看，文章的寫作是按照總分關(guān)系來分布的。前段末講到12.(2018全國Ⅱ卷)●Yourproductivityisimproved.Exercisingmakesyoumoreawakeandreadytohandlewhateverisaheadofyoufortheday.37__

D.Thereisnoreasonyoushouldexerciseinthemorning.E.Youcankeepyourheadclearfor4~10hoursafterexercise.主題句解析：本段首句為主題句(總)，它告訴我們：你的生產(chǎn)力得到提高?？涨耙痪湔f到：鍛煉使得你更加清醒，能夠處理這一天你面前的任何事。這是分?？账诰渥討?yīng)該呼應(yīng)主題句，繼續(xù)說明鍛煉能帶來的好處。因此，E選項“在鍛煉之后，你可以保持4~10小時的頭腦清醒”代入空格，就能使得前后語義連貫。這個時候，我們要問：什么使得我們的生產(chǎn)力（或者學(xué)習(xí)效率）提高？和后文的exercise聯(lián)系起來，我們就容易想象得到：鍛煉使我們的生產(chǎn)力提高。12.(2018全國Ⅱ卷)●Yourproductivi順承關(guān)系(2016全國Ⅰ卷)Acodeusessymbolstoreplacewords,phrases,orsentences.Toreadthemessageofarealcode,youmusthaveacodebook.39A.Itisveryhardtobreakacodewithoutthecodebook.F.Withacodebook,youmightwritedownwordsthatwouldstandforotherwords.詞語復(fù)現(xiàn)解析：空前句提到代碼和“要讀懂代碼的真實信息，你必須要有本代碼書”接下來，我們是說與這本代碼書相反的情況（A），還是利用順承的關(guān)系，繼續(xù)說“如果有一本代碼書，你就可以把它們所代表的其他詞寫下來”（F）？這里的寫作是介紹代碼（書）的用途，進一步說明它的便利更好一點。因此，我們運用選項F中的acodebook與空前句中的acodebook，以及youmust和youmight等原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)的技巧，考慮句子與句子之間的順承關(guān)系。作出選項。順承關(guān)系(2016全國Ⅰ卷)Acodeusessym(2015全國Ⅰ卷)…lookateverythingyoustillhaveandbethankfulforallofthegoodinyourlife.40Instead,it’sahealthywaytoworkthroughtheexperiencetoallowroomforpositivegrowthandforgiveness.D.Rememberthatyoucanexpectthebestinreturn.G.Seeingthepositivesideofthingsdoesn’tmeanyou’reignoringwhathappened.表明前后為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系解析：空后一句說的是“通過這次經(jīng)歷給積極成長和寬恕留出了空間，這是一種健康的方式”選項G“關(guān)注事情的積極方面并不意味著忽略發(fā)生了什么”與下文正好形成了轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系。空前一句和后面是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，說什么內(nèi)容呢？我們利用選項G中的positive與文中的positive原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)技巧，考慮兩句的關(guān)系。

(2015全國Ⅰ卷)…lookateverythin(2013全國Ⅰ卷)

Mostbusinessesseektomakeaprofit(利潤)—thatis,theyaimtoachieveincomethatismorethanthecostsofoperatingthebusiness.71Commonlycallednonprofits…C.Examplesofnonprofitbusinessesincludesuchorganizationsassocialserviceagenciesandmanyhospitals.D.However,somebusinessesonlyseektoearnenoughtocovertheiroperatingcosts.轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系解析：空前句提到tomakeaprofit(營利）和achieveincome(賺得收入）的business(商業(yè)機構(gòu)）；空后句中有nonprofits(非營利），說明前后句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。而選項D中的However,恰好體現(xiàn)的就是轉(zhuǎn)折的意思。，因此答案就出來了。(2013全國Ⅰ卷)Mostbusinessessee因果關(guān)系(2017全國Ⅱ卷)Whenpeopletrytointerruptyou,havesethoursplannedandletthemknowtocomebackduringthattimeorthatyou’llfindthemthen.38.Itcanhelptoeliminate(消除)futureinterruptions.E.It’simportantthatyouletthemknowwhenyou’llbeavailableF.Itmightseemunkindtocutpeopleshortwhentheyinterruptyou解析：空格前提到，當(dāng)別人要打擾你的時候，你要安排好時間，告知他們什么時候來或者你去見他們。這是一個基本的描述。后面接著說什么內(nèi)容呢？但從空后句子表述的意思（“這樣做可以幫助你消除之后的打擾”，這是做一件事情的原因），我們可以推斷設(shè)空句子是表述一種結(jié)果，由此，我們知道設(shè)空句子與空后句存在因果關(guān)系。故選E項。

因果關(guān)系因果關(guān)系(2017全國Ⅱ卷)Whenpeopletry(2017全國Ⅲ卷)●Keepyoursleep/wakescheduleonweekends.Ifyou’retiredoutbyFridaynight,sleepinginonSaturdaycouldsoundwonderful.Butcompensatingontheweekendsactuallyfeedsinto（注入）yoursleepinessthefollowingweek,arecentstudyfound.39_A.Getasleepspecialist.F.Sticktoyoursetbedtimeandwake-uptime,nomattertheday.解析：由上一句可知，作者建議周末的時候也要保持正常的睡眠和起床時間，周五夜晚疲倦了，周六睡懶覺聽起來是不錯的，但是呢？因果Sleepin:睡懶覺compensating:補償這與選項F“無論哪一天，都要堅持你設(shè)定好的上床和起床時間”就形成了前后的因果關(guān)系?！爸苣ㄑa償）多睡實際上使得你在接下來的一周都瞌睡”，這是原因。(2017全國Ⅲ卷)●Keepyoursleep/wa(2016全國Ⅲ卷)

Anyfishyorstrongsmellmeansthefishisn’tfresh.39，Whenyouhaveboughtafishandarrivehome,you’dbetterstorethefishintherefrigerator...A.Donotbuyit.E.Thefishwillgobadwithinhours.因果關(guān)系解析：上一句提到帶有強烈腥味的魚是不新鮮的。接下來，我們怎么思考文章的意思？因為“魚不新鮮”了，就建議人們不要買它了（A），還是告訴人們這樣的魚在幾個小時內(nèi)會壞了（E）呢？生活實踐中，后面的意思誰也知道的。但出于健康和安全的考慮，我們有必要提醒人們不要買“有腥味的魚”。因此選項A與上文存在邏輯上的因果關(guān)系。故選A項。(2016全國Ⅲ卷)Anyfishyorstrong(2014全國Ⅱ卷)

Hopefullythatgivesyouagoodstart.40Anddon’tletabusyschedulediscourageyoufrommakingsomegreatchangesinthewayyoueatandlive!E.Cookingisaburdenformanypeople.F.Letcookingandlivingsimplybeajoyratherthanaburden.解析：本段落先是總體提到：希望那能使你擁有一個好的開端。接下來就要想如何才能做得到？并列關(guān)系并列關(guān)系由空后的“Anddon’tlet…”引導(dǎo)的祈使句可知and前面的句子也是一樣的句子結(jié)構(gòu)（祈使句），因此，選項F“l(fā)et…”引出的祈使句，與之構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系，故選F項。(2014全國Ⅱ卷)Hopefullythatgive解釋關(guān)系(2019全國Ⅱ卷)Anotherwayofsettingrealisticgoalsistoanalyzeyourshortandlongtermobjectives,keepinginmindyourbeliefs,valuesandstrengths.Rememberthatgoalsareflexible.39Theyalsoneedtobemeasurable.Youmustkeepthesepointsinmindwhilesettingyourgoals.D.Sowhyshouldwetrytosetspecificgoals?E.Theycanchangeaccordingtocircumstances.指代解析：空前句提到“目標(biāo)是靈活的”，我們就要思考“如何靈活？”。那么，選項E“目標(biāo)會根據(jù)環(huán)境而改變”無論是從語義解釋flexible(靈活的),還是從句式的并列形成對空前句的解釋；都是唯一正確的選項了。其中選項E中的They指代前句中的“goals”?？蘸缶溆痔岬搅藅hey(goals)也必須是可估量的。由此，我們知道設(shè)空局和空后局都是對前一句提到的“目標(biāo)是靈活的”解釋。解釋關(guān)系(2019全國Ⅱ卷)Anotherwayof(2016年Ⅲ卷)

Everyoneknowsthatfishisgoodforhealth.36Butitseemsthatmanypeopledon’tcookfishathome.F.Whenbuyingfish,youshouldfirstsmellit.G.Thefatsinfisharethoughttohelppreventheartdisease.解析：空前句提到“吃魚對健康是有益處的”。下文是不是就該具體寫到吃魚的好處呢？好處之一或舉列舉例這樣，選項G“魚油被認(rèn)為有助于預(yù)防心臟疾病”顯然就是說明前句“吃魚有益健康”的一個具體例子。(2016年Ⅲ卷)Everyoneknowsthat(2017全國Ⅰ卷)Iwas,nevertheless,talkedintogoingonanotherfun-filledholidayinthewilderness.38Instead,wehadapop-upcamperwithcomfortablebedsandanairconditioner.Mynature-lovingfriendshadrememberedtobringallthenecessitiesoflife.A.Thistimetherewasnotent.B.Thingsaregoingtobeimproved.與前面成對比或?qū)ο鄬α⑾店P(guān)解析：從空前句子，我們知道作者是第二次（another)在野外參加假期宿營活動。這個時候，我們就要想前一次露營住的是什么？通過instead一詞，我們判斷出設(shè)空局和后一句是對比關(guān)系。空格后句子提到“Instead,wehada…airconditioner”可知，作者第二次露營的條件（有床和空調(diào)）比第一次好多了.(2017全國Ⅰ卷)Iwas,nevertheless(2016全國Ⅰ卷)

Toreadthemessageofarealcode,youmusthaveacodebook.Withacodebook,youmightwritedownwordsthatwouldstandforotherwords.Forexample…Themessage“bridgeout”wouldactuallymean“Meetme”.40.However,it’shardtokeepacodebookforlong.

A.Itisveryhardtobreakacodewithoutthecodebook.C.Onlypeoplewhoknowthekeywordcanreadthemessage.相對關(guān)系解析：從段落的意思看，前面提到有了密碼書（withacodebook),你就可以把詞匯代表的其他含義記下來。后面寫什么內(nèi)容？與所舉例子相符的（只有懂關(guān)鍵詞或者密碼的人才能讀懂，C）還是與前一個整體意思形成對比，描寫“沒有密碼書（withoutacodebook）要破譯密碼就很困難A”了呢？通篇考慮，文章是介紹密碼書的重要性的，從正反相對的關(guān)系來描寫，能幫助人們很好地理解密碼書。所以答案就有了。(2016全國Ⅰ卷)Toreadthemessage(2008全國卷)

Takinggoodnotesisatime-savingskillthatwillhelpyoutobecomeabetterstudentinseveralways.71Second,yournotesareexcellentmaterialstorefertowhenyouarestudyingforatest.Third,note-takingoffersvarietytoyourstudytimeandhelpsyoutoholdyourinterest.C.Youmustwriteyournotesonseparatepaper.G.First,thesimpleactofwritingsomethingdownmakesiteasierforyoutounderstandandrememberit.順序關(guān)系解析：空格前提到：記好筆記是在好多方面能幫你成為好學(xué)生的節(jié)省時間的一種技能。那究竟在哪幾個方面呢？空格后的兩句分別用Second和Third列舉了記筆記的兩個好處，所以設(shè)空句子自然應(yīng)該是按順序以First開頭，列舉記好筆記對你的好處。(2008全國卷)Takinggoodnotesis小結(jié)LogicalRelationship

邏輯關(guān)系轉(zhuǎn)折（but,however…）因果(because,therefore,so…并列(順序)also,first,second……小結(jié)LogicalRelationship

解題技巧5）篇章結(jié)構(gòu)類題解題技巧解題技巧5）篇章結(jié)構(gòu)類題解題技巧根據(jù)空格所在位置確定不同的解題策略1)如果空格在段首或為段落標(biāo)題

通常是段落主題句。認(rèn)真閱讀后文內(nèi)容，根據(jù)段落一致性原則，查找同義詞或其他相關(guān)的詞，推斷出主題句。關(guān)注每段首尾句，了解大意知主題。

2)如果空格在段尾

通常是結(jié)論、概括性語句。注意在選項中查找表示結(jié)果、結(jié)論、總結(jié)等的信號詞，如therefore,asaresult,thus,hence,inshort,tosumup,toconclude,inaword等詞語，選項中也可發(fā)現(xiàn)前文的同義詞句。

3)如果空格是一整個自然段通常是承上啟下的句子。要特別關(guān)注前后段的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系和邏輯關(guān)系。根據(jù)空格所在位置確定不同的解題策略1)如果空格在段首或為段空格為段落標(biāo)題

●73Whenapersonisaskingaquestion,showinterestandadesiretounderstandthequestionbylisteningandaskingforclarification.A.Showyourtrueinterest.B.Restatethequestionwithrespect.C.Someideascanbequiteconcrete.空格為段落標(biāo)題●73A.Showyou空格在段尾

BythetimeIwas12,MygrandmotherthoughtIhaddonesuchagoodjobthatshepromotedmetosellingcosmetics（化妝品）.Idevelopedtheabilitytolookcustomersdirectlyintheeye.EventhoughIwasjustakid,womenwouldaskmesuchthingsas“WhatcolordoyouthinkIshouldwear?”Itookarealinterestintheirquestionsandwasabletotranslatewhattheywantedintomakeup（化妝）ideas.74

C.Iendedmysellingarecordamountofcosmetics.D.TodayIstillcarrythatlessonwithme:Ilistentocustomers.E.Mygrandma’strusttaughtmehowtohandleresponsibility.空格在段尾BythetimeIwas12,MSummary(總結(jié))七選五閱讀理解題的解題技巧:◆速讀全文，關(guān)注每段首尾句，了解大意知主題◆瀏覽選項，理解全篇邏輯關(guān)系,找出關(guān)鍵詞◆運用上下文所重復(fù)的關(guān)鍵詞推斷

◆利用同義詞、近義詞、反義詞關(guān)系

◆利用同一范疇或領(lǐng)域的詞的關(guān)系◆利用代詞、冠詞的暗示

◆理清結(jié)構(gòu)與邏輯關(guān)系，確定答案Summary(總結(jié))七選五閱讀理解題的解題技巧:Thankyou!Thankyou!1.每回以一個或多個人物為中心，而以許多次要人物構(gòu)成一個社會環(huán)境，從人與人的關(guān)系上，從種種日常生活活動中，來表現(xiàn)人的思想性格與內(nèi)心世界。2.這些各自獨立、自成整體的故事，在結(jié)構(gòu)上有一些共同的特點。大概而言，第一，故事的發(fā)展，前后勾聯(lián)，一步緊一步，但又疏密相間，搖曳多姿。3.所謂語言風(fēng)格，是指詩人在長期的創(chuàng)作實踐中逐漸形成的獨特的語言藝術(shù)個性，是詩人的個人氣質(zhì)，詩歌美學(xué)觀念在作品中的凝結(jié)，是具有恒定性的，區(qū)別于其他詩人的藝術(shù)特色。不同的詩人往往表現(xiàn)出不同的語言風(fēng)格，同一詩人的不同作品，語言風(fēng)格有時也不盡相同。4.他總是通過人物自己的行動和語言來顯示他們的性格，表現(xiàn)他們的思想情緒。關(guān)于人物，他很少做長篇大論的敘述，很少以作者身份出面來介紹他們，也沒有作多少添枝加葉的描寫。5.此題考查對人物形象的評價能力。首先要立足文本，通過分析“母親”的言行概括歸納出母親的形象特點；然后圍繞這些特點組織語言，表達(dá)贊美之情；發(fā)短信要采用第二人稱。6.古代那些想在天下彰明美好的德行的人，先要治理好自己的國家。要想治理好自己國家的人，先要使家族中的各種關(guān)系整齊有序。要想使家族中的各種關(guān)系整齊有序的人，先要修養(yǎng)好自身的德行。7.此題引導(dǎo)學(xué)生通過分析小說的藝術(shù)手法，來把握人物的性格特點，這是欣賞文學(xué)作品的重要途徑?？梢韵燃?xì)讀課文，找出有關(guān)的段落，仔細(xì)分析兩個人物的言行與心理活動，進而理解他們各自不同的性格特征。1.每回以一個或多個人物為中心，而以許多次要人物構(gòu)成一個社會七選五閱讀專題學(xué)習(xí)高中英語七選五閱讀高中英語Teachingaims:(教學(xué)目標(biāo))●了解“七選五”的特點、掌握解這類題的技巧。●利用“七選五”的特點及解題技巧解題?！裢ㄟ^一定的練習(xí)，讓學(xué)生培養(yǎng)出做這類題型的自信心。Teachingaims:(教學(xué)目標(biāo))Step1:Leading-in

(導(dǎo)入)試題模式：給出一篇缺少5個句子的文章，對應(yīng)有7個選項，要求同學(xué)們根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)、內(nèi)容，選出正確的句子，填入相應(yīng)的空白處?？疾橹攸c：主要考查學(xué)生對文章的整體內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)以及上下文邏輯意義的理解和掌握。（考試說明）選項特點：主旨概括句（文章整體內(nèi)容）過渡性句子（文章結(jié)構(gòu)）注釋性句子（上下文邏輯意義）

題型解讀:高考大綱要求Step1:Leading-in(導(dǎo)入)試題模式：給出一練習(xí)中找門道練習(xí)中找門道

Whetheryou'reflyingtoanislandparadiseortravelingforbusiness,thesepackingtipswillhelpyouminimizetimeandmaximizespace.Startwiththeright-sizedsuitcase

36.Butifyoucan'ttravellight,it'sbesttochooseabagthatcaneasilyaccommodateeverythingyouneed.Tryingtoforceafullsuitcasetoshutisawasteoftimeandenergy,especiallysinceyoumayreturnwithevenmorestuff,ifyouliketobuysouvenirs.LayeverythingoutbeforestartingLayeverythingyou'retakingoutonthebed,soyoucanseeexactlywhatyouneedtopackandspotanymissingitemspromptly.37.Forfoldeditems,puttinglayersoftissuebetweeneachitemwillcutdownonwrinkles.

38.Beginbyputtingrolleditemsinalayeratthebottomofyoursuitcase.Cushionfragileitemslikeperfumebottlesinthemiddle.Plantoputitemsyouneedonarrivalatthetopendofthecase.39.FinishwithalargetoplayerLastly,layalargeitemlikeatoweloverthetopsandtuckitinaroundthesides.40.It’seasiertoclosethezipperifyoudon'thaveitemslikebeltsorlaces.A.

PackyoursuitcaseinlayersB.ThenfoldorrolleachitemofclothingC.

TakeamomenttoassessyourneedsforthistripD.they'llbeeasytofindwhenyouneedthemE.

Forashorttrip,asmallcarry-onbagisidealF.

GeteverythingreadybeforeyoustarttheactualpackingG.

Thiswillstopitemsfromslidingaroundduringthe

journeyA.Packyoursuitcaseinlayer

索

36.Butifyoucan'ttravellight,it'sbesttochooseabagthatcaneasilyaccommodateeverythingyouneed.Tryingtoforceafullsuitcasetoshutisawasteoftimeandenergy,especiallysinceyoumayreturnwithevenmorestuff,ifyouliketo