思維導(dǎo)圖梳理高中語法(10)：短文改錯(cuò)指導(dǎo)

思維導(dǎo)圖梳理高中語法(10)：短文改錯(cuò)指導(dǎo)-Robinlo短文改錯(cuò)主要考查發(fā)現(xiàn)，判斷和糾正語篇錯(cuò)誤的能力。錯(cuò)誤類型主要是：詞法錯(cuò)誤，句法錯(cuò)誤和行文邏輯錯(cuò)誤。三種錯(cuò)誤形式：解題流程：注意事項(xiàng)與答題原則：1.注意事項(xiàng)(1)共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處；(2)只允許修改10處，多者從第11處起，不計(jì)分；(3)每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。(4)錯(cuò)1個(gè)詞、多1個(gè)詞、少1個(gè)詞的比例是8∶1∶1。2.答題原則(1)“規(guī)范性”原則要嚴(yán)格按照示范規(guī)定的符號(hào)改錯(cuò)。要記住錯(cuò)詞糾正、缺詞填補(bǔ)、多詞刪除對應(yīng)的修改標(biāo)志。切忌用文字說明或用箭頭表示。(2)“四不改”原則①單詞拼寫不改；②大小寫不改；③詞序錯(cuò)誤不改(應(yīng)從錯(cuò)詞或少詞方面考慮)；④標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)不改。(3)“五改動(dòng)”原則①忠實(shí)于原文原則(不可改變原文的意思)；②錯(cuò)誤以改動(dòng)最少為原則；③虛詞以添加或者刪除為原則；④實(shí)詞以改變形式為原則。模擬訓(xùn)練單句改錯(cuò)：①(2017·全國卷Ⅱ)Whensummercame,theywillinvitetheirstudentstopickthevegetables?、?2016·全國卷Ⅱ)Ithoughtthatitisagoodidea.Itdoesnotcostmuch,yetwecanstilllearnalot.③(2016·浙江卷)Thenheandmymotherwouldhavehadadrinkwhilesheprepareddinnerandtheywouldtalkabouthisdayandhers.④(2016·浙江卷)Whiletheychat，myfatherwouldliftmysisterandmeuptositonthetopofthefridge.⑤(2016·四川卷)BothDadandIplannedtodosomethingonMother’sDay.Wegetupearlyinthemorning.⑥(陜西卷)Imighthavetoretireagainnextyearjustgetsomemoreofthesebiscuits.⑦(浙江卷)ThepositionoftheclassroommademefeltlikeIwasdreaming.⑧(四川卷)We’vebeenspendingalotoftimesinginkaraokebars.⑨(2016·全國卷Ⅰ)Instead，hehopesthathisbusinesswillgrowsteady.⑩(2016·全國卷Ⅲ)Ievenfeltmyparentscouldn’tunderstandmesoIhopedIcouldbefreelyfromthem.?(2016·浙江卷)WhenIwasaveryyoungchild，myfathercreatedaregularpracticeIrememberwellyearslate.?(2017·全國卷Ⅰ)Theinstructorkeptrepeatingtheword，“Speedup！”“Slowdown！”?(2016·全國卷Ⅲ)Theteenageyearfrom13to19werethemostdifficulttimeforme.?(2016·全國卷Ⅱ)Butinthatcase,wewilllearnlittleaboutworld.?(2016·四川卷)Mumhasafull－timejob,butshehastodomostofthehouseworks.?(2017·全國卷Ⅰ)ItwasareliefandIcametoasuddenstopjustinthemiddleontheroad.?(2016·四川卷)Dadcleanedthehouse，andthenwentonshopping.?(2015·全國卷Ⅰ)Unfortunately，onthedevelopmentofindustrialization，theenvironmenthasbeenpolluted.?(2016·四川卷)ThedisheswhatIcookedwereMum’sfavorite.?(2015·四川卷)Ifyounoticethatwhensomeoneismissingorhurt，tellyourteacherimmediately.21.(2015·全國卷Ⅱ)Helikeditsoverymuchthathequicklywalkedintotheshop.22.(2016·浙江卷)Hewouldaskwhowewasandpretendnottoknowus.23.(2014·全國卷Ⅱ)Theunderstandingbetweentwofriendsmeanbothofthemhavesimilarideasandtrusteachother.24.(2017·全國卷Ⅲ)WhenIlookatthispictureofmyself，...Thispictureoftenbringsbacktomemanyhappymemoriesofyourhighschooldays.25.(2016·四川卷)Dadthenwentshopping.Whenhecameback，Ifoundabunchofflowersinherhand.26.(2016·全國卷Ⅱ)Itdoesnotcostmany,yetwecanstilllearnalot.27.(2017·全國卷Ⅰ)Beforegettingintothecar,IthoughtIhadlearnedtheinstructor’sorders,soonceIstartedthecar,mymindwentblank.28.(2016·全國卷Ⅰ)Everydayhemakessurethatfreshvegetablesorhighqualityoilareusedforcooking.29.(2016·全國卷Ⅱ)Ifwestayathome,itiscomfortablebutthereisnoneedtospendmoney.30.(全國卷Ⅰ)Althoughweallowtomatoplantstogrowinthesameplaceyearafteryear，butwehaveneverhadanydiseaseorinsectattackproblems.題型專項(xiàng)練A(2019·蕪湖高三第一次統(tǒng)考)BeijingOperaisatraditionoperawithalonghistory,thatdatesbacktoover200yearsago.Inthe18thcentury,tocelebratetheemperor’s80thbirthday,whohadastronglyinterestinlocaloperas,fourfamoustroupes(劇團(tuán))fromAnhuiProvincecometoBeijingtoperformforhim.Afterthat,anewtypecameintobeinggradually,knowingasBeijingOpera.BeijingOperafeaturesfourmajorrole—Sheng,Dan,Jing,andChou.IthasbeenregardedasoneoftheculturaltreasuresofChina.BeijingOperaisnotonlypopularwithChina,butalsohasspreadtomanytheotherplaces.ItisplayingimportantroleincarryforwardChineseculture.B(2019·無錫高三模擬)Lastweek,IreturnedbackfromEnglandafterthreemonthsoflivingabroadasaninternationalexchangestudent.Now,Iwantsharesomeofmyfantasticexperiences.Duringmystay,IlearnmanythingsabouttheUnitedKingdom.IvisitedtheTowerofLondonandwatchedtheplayinShakespeare’sGlobeTheatre.ThehostfamilytaughtmyselfmanyinterestingthingsthatIcouldneverlearnfromtextbooks.BecauseIhadtospeakEnglishallthetimes,myEnglishskillsimprovedgreatly.SpeakingEnglishwasespecialdifficultformeinthebeginning.Butsurprisingly,beforelong,Ibegantounderstandthatthestudentsandteachersweresaying.Theotherstudentswereverykindwithme,andImadelotsoffriends.Theseexperienceswerereallyunforgettably.CLastweek,Itakepartintheshowof“BeautifulVillagesaroundBeijing”inourschool.InSundaymorning,myparentsandIwenttothesuburbstogetsomeinformationsformyposter.Onarriveatthedestination,wewereimpressedbythebeautifullysceneryandpeople’slivingconditions.Itookmanyphotos.Thenwechattedwithafarmer,thattoldusaboutsomerecentchanges.Thefarmerscangetonlinetolearnagriculturalscienceandtradehisproductsnow.Andintheirsparetime,theycanenjoyvariousleisureactivities,likingtabletennisandchess.ThenextdayandIputmypicturesandanarticleontheschoolwallnewspaper.Ifeltproudofdevelopmentofourcountry.DI’mcrazyaboutfootballandIthinkit’sbest!IlovewatchingitbutIespeciallyenjoyplayit.Iplayformyschool’sfootballteams,andIplaymatchestwiceaweek—onFridayeveningsafterschooloronSundaymornings.AndwealsohadfootballcoachingonTuesdayeveningswhenwejustpractiseallourfootballskills.Weallhaveaspeciallyfootballshirtwithanumberontheback—I’mnumber7,whatismyluckynumber！Mymumalwayscomestowatchustoplay—evenwhenit’srained.Myteamisn’tverygood;infact,wenearlyalwayslose，butwedon’tcare！Mycoachsaysit’stakepartthatmatters.A(2019·石家莊質(zhì)量檢測)AfterIelectedchairmanofthestudents’unionofourschool,IdecidedtostartaschoolEnglishnewspaperforusstudent.TogetherwithfiveschoolmateswithexcellentlyEnglish,Itriedtocoverupwhatwasgoingoninourschool.Beside,wetooksomewonderfulpicturesaboutourschoollife.Whenthefirstissueofthenewspapercameout,itwasverypopularwiththestudents.Sofar,Ihadbeenworkingasthechiefeditorforhalfayear,whichhelpsmyselfalotwithmyleadershipskills.Inmyopinion,startaschoolnewspapercanbefun,butitisanhugeresponsibilityaswell.IamreallyproudofthatI’vedone.B(2019·朔州質(zhì)量檢測)Oneday,Iwasdoingmyhomeworkinthebedroom.Allofsudden,thelightwentout,leavingmeintotallydarkness.Mymothercameinwithacandle.WhenIlightthecandle,thebedroomwasbrightenedatonce.Ilookedatthecandleandwaslostinthoughts.Itisverysmall,anditisn’tworthmany.Butwhatitgivesusaregreat.Itbrightensthewayofmanyscientists;itbrightensthedesksofmyteacher;italsobrightensmymind.IthinkIshouldlearnwiththecandle.Smallasitis,butittriesitsbesttogivinguslightandheat.CWhilereadingthenewspapertwomonthsago,IwaslearnedtherewasanorganizationnamingSoles4Souls.Oneoftheaimofthisorganizationistocollectshoestohelptheseinneed.MyinterestforshoesstartedwhenIlearnedtherewerechildrenallovertheworldwhichcouldn’tattendschoolbecausetheydidn’thaveshoes.Ilearnedthatonepairofshoescouldactualchangesomeone’slifeforever.However，Ibegantocollectshoeswithsomeofmyfriends.Believeitornot,wehadcollectedmorethan500pairsofshoessofar.I’mexcitedtobemakingdifferenceintheworld.Atthesametime,I’mamazedatthesupportthatwehavereceived.DIvisitedMountainDragonwithseveralclassmatetoday.WearrivedatthefootofMountainDragononhalfpastnineandspendnearlyonehourinclimbing.Wecouldseeflowersandgrassallthewayupandtheairinthemountainsmeltveryfreshly.Wedidnotfeeltiringatall.Whenwegottothetop,andwewereallwetwithsweat.Wesatunderatalltreetohaverest,drinkingsomewaterandeatinganything.Therewereseveraltemplesinthemountain.Monks(僧侶)inatemplewassinging.Wewatchedforalongertimebecausewehadneverseenthisbefore.Itwasreallyabeautifulmountain.A(2019·陽泉質(zhì)量檢測)Acoupleofdaysago,IhadvisitedmyfriendJackandnoticedthatthecleaningladyinhishousewasunhappy.Isatdownwithherbutstayedforalittlewhileasshetoldmehowmuchshemissedherchildincountryside.Itriedtomakeherfeelbetterbymentioningsomepositivelythingsaboutherandherfamily.Late,JackandIwentout.AsshoppingIdecidedtobuyalittlegifttoherchild.Whenwegotback,Igavethegifttoher,tellherthatshecouldpostthemtoherchild.Afterlookingatmeforquiteafewsecond,shefinallythankedme,withahugesmileonherface.B(2019·銅陵高三第一次統(tǒng)考)Inmydailylife,IalwaysuseanInternettogetusefulknowledge.Tobehonest,IlearnalotbyusingtheInternetinabetterway.ThismorningIwasreceivedanemailfrommyfriendChenMintellmeshehadbeencheatedbysomeoneontheInternet.IwarnedhernotgiveoutpersonalinformationsuchasphonenumberstoanystrangerontheInternet.Besides，weadvisedhernottomeetsomeoneshemetontheInternetwithoutherparents’permit.Infact,weteenagercannotbetoocarefullywhileusingtheInternet.Onlyinthiswaycan’tweavoidbeingcheatedbysomeoneontheInternet.CThereisatallbuildingonconstructionintheareawhereIlive.Itwillbenewmuseumbythetimeit’scompleted.Yesterdaywhileonthewayhomefromschool,Iseesomeworkersworkinghardlyinthesun.Therefore,thismorningwhilepacklunch,Ipreparedabagoffruitsandwaterforthemasappreciationfortheireffort.WhenIwashandedthemthebag,theyweresomovedastheythankedmeagainandagain.Thesmileoneachoftheirfacereallymeltedmyheart.Fortheyfeelingcaredforreallymatters.IamproudofthatI’vedone.DI’mgoingtocomparethevillageinmycountrytothiscityImoveto.Theydiffergreatlyfrompopulationandclimate.First,myvillagehasonly2，000peoplelivedtherewhilethiscityhasonemillion.Weknoweveryoneinthevillagebuttheremostpeoplearestranger.Next,therearetwoseasonsinthevillage,thatarecalledtherainyanddryseasons.Thiscityhasfourseasons:spring,summer,fallorwinter.Summerissameasourdryseasonbutourdryseasonisalotofhotter.Winterisdifferentbecausethereissomuchsnow.Eventhoughthesetwoplacesaredifferent,theyareallhometome.A(2019·阜陽高三第一次統(tǒng)考)Iwitnessedastreetaccidenttoday,whenhappenedasIwaswaitingforthegreenlight.Withouthesitate,awomannearbytriedtohelpvictims.However,anursecameandsaid,“Excuseme,butIamanurseandIcandoitwellthanyou.Afterall,Ihadtakenacourseinfirstaid.Steppingback,orIcannotwork.”Thewomensteppedasideandwatchedtheprocedure.Thenshesaid,“Ifyouneedadoctor,andI’mjustbehindyou”．Thenurseturnedandlookedatthewomanonsurprise.Obviously,thenursewentred.Withoutsayinganymore,thedoctorstartedtohelp.Inmyopinion,theywereallresponsibleandgreat.B(2019·商丘質(zhì)量檢測)TodayIwaswalkingpasttherailwaystationwhileIsawawomanandtwoyoungboyscarryingsomebagsandthreehugesuitcase.Theywereconsultingamap,andseemedconfusing.Asaboyreadilytohelpothers,Iwentuptothemandaskedwhattheywerelookingfor.Iwastoldtheywerelookingforaschool,thatwasn’teasytofind.SinceithappenedtobesamewayIwasgoing,Iofferedtogivethemselvesahand.Ihelpedthemforsomeofthebagsandwalkedwit