Unit 1 Festivals around the world Grammar 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 人教新課標(biāo)高中英語必修三

Discoveringusefulstructures

---ModalVerbs(I)TherearethingsthatmustbedoneThatarenotyetbegunThingsthatImustdoWhenIwanttobewithyouAlthoughwe’refarapartYou’rewithmeinmyheartNooneelsewilldoIjustwanttobewithyouIwanttobewithyouCan’tyouhearme?IneedyounearmeIwanttobewithyouIneedyounearme,myloveThetwoofusareoneMotherofmysonNooneelsewilldoIjustwanttobewithyouIwanttobewithyouCanyouhearme?IneedyounearmeIwanttobewithyouIneedyounearme,myloveIWantToBeWithYouTheBONZODOGBANDareabandcreatedbyagroupofBritishart-schooldenizensofthe1960s.Theycombinedelementsofmusichall,tradjazz,psychedelicrock,andavant-gardeart.Readthetextagainandpayattentiontomodalverbslikemay,might,will,would,can,could,shall,shouldandmust.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的語法特征情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有一定的意義，表示或暗示某種情緒或態(tài)度，表示可能、建議、愿望、必要、允許、能力等。2.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，即不隨主語的不同而變化。3.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞不能獨(dú)立使用，必須和實(shí)義動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成謂語。4.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞除ought和have外，后面只能接不帶to的不定式。5.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒有非謂語形式，即沒有不定式、分詞等形式。

must表示必須，多處于義務(wù)、責(zé)任或強(qiáng)制命令

Youmusthandinyourhomeworktoday.(2)mustn’t表示禁止

Youmustn’tsmokehere.(3)表示建議

Youmustgotoseethefilm.(4)表示推測(cè)，只能用于肯定句。

Hemustbereadingthenovelnow.Theroadiswet.Itmusthaverainedlastnight.can(1)表示能力

CanyouspeakJapanese?(2)表示推測(cè)時(shí)，只用在否定句或疑問句中。

Hecan’tbeathomenow.(3)表示允許

CanIhavealook?(4)表驚異、懷疑等

Howcanyoubesorude?could可表示能力或可能性，多用于過去，也可指現(xiàn)在，通常表示虛擬或作為can的委婉形式。can

/

could

+

have

done在肯定句中表示“本來可以做”；在疑問句或否定句中表示對(duì)過去行為的懷疑或不肯定,

表示推測(cè)。You

could

have

done

better,

but

you

didn’t

try

your

best.

你本來可以做得更好，但你沒努力。

He

can’t

have

been

to

that

town.

他不可能去過那個(gè)城。may(1)表示可能性，常用于肯定和否定句中

Itmaybetrue.(2)表示請(qǐng)求、許可，多用于肯定和疑問句中

MayIaskyouaquestion?(3)表示愿望

Mayyoubehappyallyourlife.might比may語氣更委婉may/might表示推測(cè)時(shí)，表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在或?qū)硪l(fā)生的事情把握不大。might/mayhavedone表示對(duì)過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作進(jìn)行的可能性推測(cè)。

Hemayhavegonetotheclinic.

他可能去醫(yī)務(wù)室了。

Hemighthavereadaboutthenewsinthenewspaper.

他可能已經(jīng)從報(bào)紙上知道這個(gè)消息了。will/would1.表示意愿，will表示現(xiàn)在的意愿，would表示過去的意愿。Gowhereyouwill.SheaskedifIwouldgowiththem.2.表示征求意見或提出請(qǐng)求，主要用于第二人稱的疑問句中，will和would均可用，would此時(shí)并不表過去，而表示委婉語氣。

WouldSundaynightsuityou?Will/Wouldyoupleaseposttheletterforme?

3.表示習(xí)慣和傾向性will表示現(xiàn)在的習(xí)慣，would表示過去的習(xí)慣。

Oilwillfloatonwater.Whenhewasachild,hewouldoftengoskiing.

4.表示推測(cè)will用于談?wù)摤F(xiàn)在，would可用于談?wù)撨^去，也可用于談?wù)摤F(xiàn)在(語氣較委婉)。

Askhim.Hewillknow.Everyfamilywouldhavesomesortoftrouble.Ithoughtyouwouldhavefinisheditbynow.

shall/should1.在陳述句中,shall用于二、三人稱表示允諾、警告、命令、決心等。

YoushalldoasIsay.(命令)Nothingshall

stopmedoingit.(決心)Tellhimthatheshallhavethebooktomorrow.(允諾)2.在疑問句中,用于一、三人稱，用來表示請(qǐng)求或征求意見。

ShallIopenthewindowforyou？（征求意見）

Shallhefetchsomewaterforyou？（請(qǐng)求）3.

should常表示勸告、建議、命令。

Youngpeopleshouldlearnhowtousecomputers.4.shouldhavedone表示責(zé)備或批評(píng),意為“本應(yīng)該…但”

Youshouldhavetoldherthetruthearlier.Sheshouldn’thaveleftwithoutsayingaword.5.should用于可能性推測(cè)時(shí),表“應(yīng)該，很可能”

Theyleftat5:30.They

should

gettherenow.—Youneedn’ttakeanumbrella.Itisn’tgoingtorain.—Well,Idon’tknow.It_______do.A.might B.need C.would D.should答案：A解析：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。第一個(gè)人說不會(huì)下雨，第二人回答Idon’tknow，因此可知，到底下不下雨是不能肯定的事情，故使用might表推測(cè)“有可能”。2.Sincenobodygavehimanyhelp,he_______havedonetheresearchonhisown.A.canB.mustC.wouldD.need答案：B解析：句意是“因?yàn)闆]有人給他任何幫助，他必須獨(dú)自完成研究”。根據(jù)句意可知此處表示對(duì)過去的強(qiáng)烈肯定推測(cè)，B項(xiàng)符合。A項(xiàng)表示"本來能夠做，過去可能會(huì)做"，C項(xiàng)用于非真實(shí)條件句虛擬語氣的主句中，表示與過去相反，D項(xiàng)表示"需要做"均不符合語境。3.He_______sleep,althoughhetriedto,whenhegotonsuchahuntforanideauntilhehadcaughtit.A.wouldn’tB.shouldn’tC.couldn’tD.mustn’t答案：C解析：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)后文“althoughhetriedto”可知他不能入睡。故答案選C。4.─_____youinterruptnow?Can’tyouseeI’monthephone?─SorrySir,butit’surgent.

A.CanB.ShouldC.MustD.Would答案：C解析：句意“—你現(xiàn)在一定要打斷我嗎?難道你不能看到我在打電話嗎?—對(duì)不起先生,事情很急”。根據(jù)語境結(jié)合選項(xiàng)的詞義，C選項(xiàng)符合題意。5.Oneofourrulesisthateverystudent_____wearschooluniformwhileatschool.A.mightB.couldC.shallD.will答案：C解析：shall用于第二、第三人稱表示說話人給對(duì)方命令、警告、允諾或威脅。這兒是說根據(jù)學(xué)校規(guī)定，學(xué)生在校時(shí)都必須要穿校服。6.IgotcloseenoughtohearthemspeakingChinese,andIsaid“NiHao,”justasI_____doinChina.

A.mustB.mightC.canD.should答案：B解析：本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意為：我靠他們足夠的近，以聽見他們說漢語，而且我會(huì)像我在中國可能做的那樣說“你好”。might表示“可能”。故選B。7.I______thankyoutoomuchforallyourhelptomysonwhilewewereawayfromhome.A.won’tB.can’tC.canD.will答案：B解析：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。所填情態(tài)動(dòng)詞與too構(gòu)成固定句型can’t/couldn’t…too…，意思是“再……都不為過”，故選B。

8.—ShallIinformhimofthechangeoftheschedulerightnow?—Iamafraidyou_______,incasehecomeslateforthemeeting.

A.willB.mustC.mayD.can答案：B解析：根據(jù)下句后半部分“以免他開會(huì)遲到”，可知是告訴上句說話人“你必須立刻告訴”，故答案為B。本句的意思是：—我應(yīng)該立刻通知他安排的變化嗎？—恐怕你得立刻告訴他，以免他開會(huì)遲到。9.—Idon’treallylikeJames.Whydidyouinvitehim?—Don’tworry.He

come.Hesaidhewasn’tcertainwhathisplanswere.

A.mustnotB.neednotC.wouldnotD.mightnot答案：D解析：根據(jù)語境“他說他不太確定他的計(jì)劃是什么”可知“他可能不會(huì)來”。mustnot“不準(zhǔn)”；neednot“不必”；wouldnot“不會(huì)”；mightnot“可能不”。10.Jackdescribedhisfather,who____abraveboymanyyearsago,asastrong–willedman.

A.wouldbeB.wouldhavebeenC.mustbe D.musthavebeen答案：D解析：句意為“杰克把他的父親描述為一個(gè)意志堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的人，他的父親多年前肯定很勇敢”用musthavebeen表示對(duì)過去事情的肯定推測(cè)。11.You_____buyagift,butyoucanifyouwantto.

A.must B.mustn't C.haveto D.don'thaveto答案：D解析：don’thaveto意為“沒有必要”，符合語境，句意為：“你沒有必要買禮物，但如果你想買的話，你也可以買?！?2.Ihavetoldyouthetruth.______Ikeeprepeatingit?

A.MustB.CanC.MayD.Will答案：A解析：must必須,一定can可以,能夠，may也許，will意愿,傾向性動(dòng)作。前半句說我告訴你事實(shí)了,這里用的是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),表示過去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成了影響,既然我已經(jīng)說了,我還必須重復(fù)一遍嗎？13.I_______havewatchedthatmovie—it’llgivemehorribledreams.

A.shouldn’tB.needn’tC.couldn’tD.mustn’t答案：A解析：句意應(yīng)為“我本來不應(yīng)該看那部電影的—它會(huì)使我做噩夢(mèng)的?！北硎尽氨緛聿粦?yīng)該做而做了某事”用shouldn’thavedone,所以A項(xiàng)正確。Ashehadheartattack,hewastoldthathe____continuethework.

A.needn'tB.maynotC.mustn'tD.can't2.AnEnglishmanwho____notspeakItalianwasoncetravelinginItaly.A.mustB.couldC.mayD.might3.I____liketomakeasuggestion.A.couldB.wouldC.mustD.might4.Iknowthingsarehardwithyou,butyou____trytogetoverthedifficulties.

A.canB.mayC.mustD.oughtC

C

B

B

Choosethebestanswers.5.Wehopethatasmanypeopleaspossible_____joinusforthepicnictomorrow.

A.mayB.must

C.shouldD.can

6.—IthinkI’llgiveBobaring.

—You_____.Youhaven’tbeenintouchwithhimforages.

A.willB.may

C.wouldD.should

7.—CouldIhaveawordwithyou,Mum?

—Ohdear,ifyou______.

A.canB.must

C.mayD.shouldDDB

8.ItisusuallywarminmyhometowninMarch,butit_____berathercoldsometimes.A.mustB.canC.shouldD.would9.Youdon’thavetoknowthenameoftheauthortofindabook.You_____findthebookbythetitle.A.mustB.needC.canD.would10.Althoughthis____soundlikeasimpletask,greatcareisneeded.A.mustB.mayC.shallD.shouldB

C

B

11.You______behungryalready—youhadlunchonlytwohoursago!A.wouldn’tB.can’tC.mustn’tD.needn’t12.Accordingtotheairtrafficrules,you___switchoffyourmobilephonebeforeboarding.A.mayB.canC.wouldD.should13.She______haveleftschool,forherbikeis