高考英語語法體系長難句分析攻克作文閱讀第一講

“高考英語經(jīng)典課程”語法體系之句子結構攻克高考英語閱讀作文長難句1課程內(nèi)容（教學目標）句子結構學習：主謂賓定狀補表同是什么？謂語動詞是什么？非謂語動詞是什么？有哪些從句？怎樣快速拆解閱讀BCD篇長難句？15篇高考英語真題長難句分析。30組長難句的仿寫讓你的作文大放異彩。知識點回顧：10種基本句型1.ＳＶ(主＋謂)2.ＳＶＰ(主＋系＋表)3.ＳＶＯ(主＋謂＋賓)4.ＳＶｏＯ(主＋謂＋間賓＋直賓)5.ＳＶＯＣ(主＋謂＋賓＋賓補)6.ＳＶA(主＋謂+狀)7.ＳＶＯA(主＋謂＋賓+狀)8.ＳＶｏＯA(主＋謂＋間賓＋直賓+狀)9.ＳＶＯＣA(主＋謂＋賓＋賓補+狀)10.Therebe結構三．課前測試完成下列句子的翻譯。1．女士們、先生們，請系好安全帶，飛機就要起飛了。Ladiesandgentlemen,pleasefastenyourseatbelts，__________________．2．當今，許多大城市的人們在抱怨交通擁堵。Nowadays,peopleinmanybigcities_________________________________．3．在我看來，一個沒有朋友的人永遠不會幸福。Inmyopinion,_________________________________________．4．幸運的是，她答應再給我一個求職面試的機會。Fortunately,____________________________ofajobinterview.5．從古代起，人們就把早起視為一種好習慣。________________________________________sinceancienttimes.6．為了身體健康，我們應該經(jīng)常鍛煉。Inordertokeepfit,______________________________．7．最后，我們應該經(jīng)常做些戶外運動。Finally,______________________________________________．8．有幾條信息我想與你分享。______________________________thatI'dliketosharewithyou.下周五，我們學校有一場足球比賽。There_____________________________________________________.1．主語＋謂語(不及物動詞)該句型常用來表示主語的動作或狀態(tài)。其特點為：句子的謂語動詞都能表達完整的意思。①Everysecondcounts．分秒必爭。②Ourefforts_______________．我們的努力有所回報。2．主語＋謂語(及物動詞)＋賓語該句式特點為：謂語動詞均為實義動詞，都是主語發(fā)出的動作，但不能表達完整的意思，必須跟一個賓語(賓語可以由名詞、代詞、動名詞、不定式等來充當)，即動作的承受者，才能表達完整的意思。①Andhestressedtheimportanceofworkingwithourownhands．而且他強調(diào)了我們動手勞動的重要性。②Iappreciatedmymathsteacher's________________．我感謝我的數(shù)學老師的稱贊和鼓勵。3．主語＋系動詞＋表語該句式就是常說的主系表結構。此句式側重說明主語是什么或怎么樣，謂語動詞需用系動詞(主要是be動詞)，表語多為形容詞，也可以是名詞、介詞短語、不定式及分詞等。①Wefeel__________________inschooluniformeveryday.每天我們穿著校服感到很輕松。②Tobefrank,studyingforadegreeinadifferentcultureisnevereasy．坦率地講，在一個不同的文化環(huán)境中學習并獲得一個學位絕非易事。4．主語＋謂語(及物動詞)＋間接賓語＋直接賓語此句式中的謂語動詞必須跟兩個賓語才能表達完整的意思。一個是表示人的間接賓語；一個是表示物的直接賓語。一般間接賓語在前面，直接賓語在后面。①NowIwouldliketoofferyousomeadvice．現(xiàn)在我想給你提供一些建議。②Firstheshowed______________________________ofmakingdoughfigurines.首先他向我們展示了做面人的基本步驟和技能。5．主語＋謂語(及物動詞)＋賓語＋賓語補足語此句式中的動詞雖然是及物動詞，但是只跟一個賓語還不能表達完整的意思，必須加上一個補充成分來說明賓語，才能使意思完整。賓語補足語是用來補充說明賓語的情況的，直接跟在賓語之后。①I'dliketoinviteyoutojoinusinaperformance．我想邀請你和我們一起表演節(jié)目。②ThetraditionalChineseclotheswillmaketheoccasion____________________________totheBritishguests.這種中國傳統(tǒng)服裝可使得這個場合中國味十足，對英國客人極具吸引力。6．主語＋謂語(不及物動詞)＋狀語在很多情況下，作謂語的不及物動詞后需跟上狀語意思才完整，狀語可以是副詞、介詞短語、不定式短語、分詞短語、狀語從句等。①Iamwriting__________________________．我寫信的目的是申請做志愿者。②What'smore,thestadiumopensfrom9a．m.to5p．m.MondaytoFriday．另外，體育館開放時間是周一至周五的上午9點到下午5點。7．主語＋謂語(及物動詞)＋賓語＋狀語有些作謂語的及物動詞，后面有賓語，但仍需要加上狀語意思才更完整。①I'mwritingthisemailtoexpressmygratitudetoyouforyourhelp．我寫這封郵件以表達我對你幫助的感謝。②Iwillspend_______________________inthecountryside．我將在鄉(xiāng)下過暑假去放松。8.ＳＶｏＯA(主＋謂＋間賓＋直賓+狀)此句式中的謂語動詞必須跟兩個賓語才能表達完整的意思。一個是表示人的間接賓語；一個是表示物的直接賓語。一般間接賓語在前面，直接賓語在后面。Herfatherboughtheradictionary____________________.昨天她的爸爸給她買了一本字典作為生日禮物。TheoldmanalwaystellsthechildrenstoriesabouttheheroesintheLongMarch.9.ＳＶＯＣA(主＋謂＋賓＋賓補+狀)此句型的句子的共同特點是：動詞雖然是及物動詞，但是只跟一個賓語還不能表達完整的意思，必須加上一個補充成分來補足賓語，才能使意思完整。這種句型中的“賓語＋補語”統(tǒng)稱為“復合賓語”。Myfatherlikestowatchtheboysplayingbasketball.(現(xiàn)在分詞)Iwouldliketoinvite_______________________．我想邀請你和我們一起表演節(jié)目。10．therebe句型Therebe句型有不同的時態(tài)，而且可以和各種助動詞、情態(tài)動詞連用。另外，Therebe句型有許多固定表達，它們的適當應用對寫作會大有提升。①Forexample,_________somanyreferencebooksthatIamoftenconfusedabouthowtochoose.例如，有大量的參考書，我對于如何選擇經(jīng)常感到困惑。②I'mwritingtoinformyouthat_____________aChinesepaper-cuttingexhibitionthesedays.我寫信的目的是要告訴你這些天將會有一場中國剪紙藝術展。③______________________toworryaboutitasthegovernmentisnowmakingeveryefforttoprovidemorejobs.沒必要擔心，因為政府正在盡一切努力提供更多的工作崗位。利用10種基本句型，結合漢語提示補全短文并背誦。DearSirorMadam，IamLiHuafromClassOne,SeniorThree.1．__________________(我寫信是想申請)tobeoneofthehostfamiliesfortheforeigners.Inmyview,2.____________________(這項活動意義重大)becausethestudentsparticipatinginitwillbenefitalot.3．________________________(毫無疑問)myfamilycanundertakethetask.Tobeginwith,4.___________________________________________________(我流利的英語使我能與外國朋友交流)．Inaddition,myhouseisbigenoughtoaccomodatethem.5.___________________________________________(我的家人會為他們提供最好的服務)．Wealsoplantoinvitethemtohaveatasteoflocalsnacksandhotpots.6．____________________________(我會感激)ifmyapplicationistakenintoconsideration.Bestregards.Yourssincerely，LiHua五．考點精講C.分析和拆解長難句(閱讀理解和作文實戰(zhàn)）每天一個高考長難句·Day1來源：2019高考全國卷1B篇原句：Whaleygottheideaofthissecond-gradepresidentialcampaignprojectwhenheaskedthechildrenonedaytoraisetheirhandsiftheythoughttheycouldneverbeapresident.關鍵點：段落首句長難句類型：狀語從句的長句主語：謂語：賓語：A.句子主干B.翻譯C.重點詞匯D.高級句子仿寫1“有一天，大衛(wèi)問同學們，如果他們每天都參加體育鍛煉的話就舉手，就在那是他萌生了開展陽光體育運動的想法?！彼壬碎_展陽光體育運動的想法。有一天，大衛(wèi)問同學們就舉手如果他們每天都參加體育鍛煉的話————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————每天一個高考長難句·Day2來源：2019高考全國卷1C篇原句：Asdataandidentitytheftbecomesmoreandmorecommon,themarketisgrowingforbiometric（生物測量）technologies—likefingerprintscans—tokeepothersoutofprivatee-spaces.Atpresent,thesetechnologiesarestillexpensive,though.關鍵點：文章首句，28題答案出處長難句類型：有插入語的長句主語：謂語：賓語：A.句子主干B.翻譯C.重點詞匯D.高級句子仿寫2隨著醫(yī)學技術越來越發(fā)達，人們進一步探索微觀世界，比如新型冠狀病毒，來治療很多疾病。每天一個高考長難句·Day3來源：2019高考全國卷1B篇原句：Whaleysaystheprojectisaboutmorethanjustlearningtoreadandspeakinpublic.Hewantsthesekidstolearntoboast（夸耀）aboutthemselves.關鍵點：段落尾句，26題答案出處長難句類型：非謂語動詞主語：謂語：表語：A.句子主干B.翻譯C.重點詞匯D.高級句子仿寫3老師們讓學生參加英語演講比賽不僅僅是讓學生們提高英語，更重要的是想他們學會自信。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________每天一個高考長難句·Day4來源：2019高考全國卷1D篇原句：Duringtherosyyearsofelementaryschool（小學）,Ienjoyedsharingmydollsandjokes,whichallowedmetokeepmyhighsocialstatus.關鍵點：首段首句，32題答案出處長難句類型：非限制定語從句主語：謂語：賓語：A.句子主干B.翻譯C.重點詞匯D.高級句子仿寫4自從在小學時，我說英語很流利，這讓我?guī)缀鯚o困難與外國人交流。（定語從句和狀語從句）______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________如果我被接納，我可以介紹一些中國畫技能給參觀者，這有助于他們更加了解我們的中國文化。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________每天一個高考長難句·Day5來源：2019高考全國卷1D篇原句：Inanalyzinghisandotherresearch，Dr.Prinsteincametoanotherconclusion:Notonlyislikabilityrelatedtopositivelifeoutcomes,butitisalsoresponsibleforthoseoutcomes,too.關鍵點：尾段首句，35題答案出處長難句類型：倒裝句主語：謂語：賓語：A.句子主干B.翻譯C.重點詞匯D.高級句子仿寫5在書法展覽會上，那里不僅有各種各樣的優(yōu)秀作品，而且你還可以跟一些出名的藝術家交流。他們將展現(xiàn)出他們的書法技能，______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________在分析李白的詩歌中，我們可以得出一個結論，他的詩不僅對中國文學產(chǎn)生很大影響，而且他們已經(jīng)被翻譯成許多外國語言。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6.每天一個高考長難句·Day6來源：2019高考全國卷1B篇原句："ThemostfamousdesignersareChinese,soarethemodels,andsoaretheconsumers,"shesays."關鍵點：文章首句，28題答案出處長難句類型：倒裝句主語：謂語：賓語：A.句子主干B.翻譯C.重點詞匯D.高級句子仿寫6他提出，“中國政治在影響世界，中國經(jīng)濟也在影響世界，中國文化也是如此?！盻_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________我上周看了電影《長城》，她也看了。閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ANeedaJobThisSummer?Theprovincialgovernmentanditspartnersoffermanyprogramstohelpstudentsfindsummerjobs.Thedeadlinesandwhatyouneedtoapplydependontheprogram.Notastudent?Gotothegovernmentwebsitetolearnaboutprogramsandonlinetoolsavailabletohelppeopleunder30buildskills,findajoborstartbusinessesallyearround.JobsforYouthIfyouareateenagerlivingincertainpartsoftheprovince,youcouldbeeligible（符合條件）forthisprogram,whichprovideseightweeksofpaidemploymentalongwithtraining.Whoiseligible:Youth15—18yearsoldinselectcommunities（社區(qū)）.SummerCompanySummerCompanyprovidesstudentswithhands-onbusinesstrainingandawardsofupto$3,000tostartandruntheirownsummerbusinesses.Whoiseligible:Studentsaged15—29,returningtoschoolinthefall.StewardshipYouthRangerProgramYoucouldapplytobeaStewardshipYouthRangerandworkonlocalnaturalresourcemanagementprojectsforeightweeksthissummer.Whoiseligible:Studentsaged16or17attimeofhire,butnotturning18beforeDecember31thisyear.SummerEmploymentOpportunities（機會）ThroughtheSummerEmploymentOpportunitiesprogram,studentsarehiredeachyearinavarietyofsummerpositionsacrosstheProvincialPublicService,itsrelatedagenciesandcommunitygroups.Whoiseligible:Studentsaged15orolder.Somepositionsrequirestudentstobe15to24orupto29forpersonswithadisability.21.WhatisspecialaboutSummerCompany?A.Itrequiresnotrainingbeforeemployment.B.Itprovidesawardsforrunningnewbusinesses.C.Itallowsonetoworkinthenaturalenvironment.D.Itoffersmoresummerjobopportunities.22.WhatistheagerangerequiredbyStewardshipYouthRangerProgram?A.15—18. B.15—24. C.15—29. D.16—17.23.Whichprogramfavorsthedisabled?A.JobsforYouth. B.SummerCompany.C.StewardshipYouthRangerProgram.D.SummerEmploymentOpportunities.BForCanaanElementary’ssecondgradeinPatchogue,N.Y.，todayisspeechday,andrightnowit’sChrisPalaez’sturn.The8-year-oldisthejokeroftheclass.Withshiningdarkeyes,heseemslikethekindofkidwhowouldenjoypublicspeaking.Buthe’snervous.＂I’mheretotellyoutodaywhyyoushould…should…＂Christripsonthe＂-ld,＂apronunciationdifficultyformanynon-nativeEnglishspeakers.Histeacher,ThomasWhaley,isnexttohim,whisperingsupport.＂…Votefor…me…＂Exceptforsomestumbles,Chrisisdoingamazinglywell.Whenhebringshisspeechtoaniceconclusion,Whaleyinvitestherestoftheclasstopraisehim.Asonofimmigrants,ChrisstartedlearningEnglishalittleoverthreeyearsago.Whaleyrecalls（回想起）howatthebeginningoftheyear,whencalledupontoread,Chriswouldexcusehimselftogotothebathroom.LearningEnglishasasecondlanguagecanbeapainfulexperience.Whatyouneedisagreatteacherwholetsyoumakemistakes.＂Ittakesalotforanystudent,＂Whaleyexplains,＂especiallyforastudentwhoislearningEnglishastheirnewlanguage,tofeelconfidentenoughtosay,‘Idon’tknow，butIwanttoknow.’＂Whaleygottheideaofthissecond-gradepresidentialcampaignprojectwhenheaskedthechildrenonedaytoraisetheirhandsiftheythoughttheycouldneverbeapresident.Theanswerbrokehisheart.Whaleysaystheprojectisaboutmorethanjustlearningtoreadandspeakinpublic.Hewantsthesekidstolearntoboast（夸耀）aboutthemselves.＂Boastingaboutyourself,andyourbestqualities,＂Whaleysays,＂isverydifficultforachildwhocameintotheclassroomnotfeelingconfident.＂24.WhatmadeChrisnervous？A.Tellingastory. B.Makingaspeech.C.Takingatest. D.Answeringaquestion.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword＂stumbles＂inparagraph2referto?A.Improperpauses. B.Badmanners. C.Spellingmistakes. D.Sillyjokes.26.WecaninferthatthepurposeofWhaley’sprojectisto_________.A.helpstudentsseetheirownstrengths B.assessstudents’publicspeakingskillsC.preparestudentsfortheirfuturejobsD.inspirestudents’loveforpolitics27.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesWhaleyasateacher?A.Humorous. B.Ambitious. C.Caring. D.Demanding.CAsdataandidentitytheftbecomesmoreandmorecommon,themarketisgrowingforbiometric（生物測量）technologies—likefingerprintscans—tokeepothersoutofprivatee-spaces.Atpresent,thesetechnologiesarestillexpensive,though.ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeupwithalow-costdevice（裝置）thatgetsaroundthisproblem:asmartkeyboard.Thissmartkeyboardpreciselymeasuresthecadence（節(jié)奏）withwhichonetypesandthepressurefingersapplytoeachkey.Thekeyboardcouldofferastronglayerofsecuritybyanalyzingthingsliketheforceofauser’stypingandthetimebetweenkeypresses.Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachperson.Thus,thekeyboardcandeterminepeople’sidentities,andbyextension,whethertheyshouldbegivenaccesstothecomputerit’sconnectedto—regardlessofwhethersomeonegetsthepasswordright.Italsodoesn’trequireanewtypeoftechnologythatpeoplearen’talreadyfamiliarwith.Everybodyusesakeyboardandeverybodytypesdifferently.Inastudydescribingthetechnology,theresearchershad100volunteerstypetheword＂touch＂fourtimesusingthesmartkeyboard.Datacollectedfromthedevicecouldbeusedtorecognizedifferentparticipantsbasedonhowtheytyped,withverylowerrorrates.Theresearcherssaythatthekeyboardshouldbeprettystraightforwardtocommercializeandismostlymadeofinexpensive,plastic-likeparts.Theteamhopestomakeittomarketinthenearfuture.28.Whydotheresearchersdevelopthesmartkeyboard?A.Toreducepressureonkeys. B.ToimproveaccuracyintypingC.Toreplacethepasswordsystem. D.Tocutthecostofe-spaceprotection.29.Whatmakestheinventionofthesmartkeyboardpossible?A.Computersaremucheasiertooperate.B.Fingerprintscanningtechniquesdevelopfast.C.Typingpatternsvaryfrompersontoperson.D.Datasecuritymeasuresareguaranteed.30.Whatdotheresearchersexpectofthesmartkeyboard?A.It’llbeenvironment-friendly. B.It’llreachconsumerssoon.C.It’llbemadeofplastics. D.It’llhelpspeeduptyping.31.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.Adiary. B.Aguidebook C.Anovel. D.Amagazine.DDuringtherosyyearsofelementaryschool（小學）,Ienjoyedsharingmydollsandjokes,whichallowedmetokeepmyhighsocialstatus.Iwasthequeenoftheplayground.Thencamemytweensandteens,andmeangirlsandcoolkids.Theyroseintheranksnotbybeingfriendlybutbysmokingcigarettes,breakingrulesandplayingjokesonothers,amongwhomIsoonfoundmyself.Popularityisawell-exploredsubjectinsocialpsychology.MitchPrinstein,aprofessorofclinicalpsychologysortsthepopularintotwocategories:thelikableandthestatusseekers.Thelikables’plays-well-with-othersqualitiesstrengthenschoolyardfriendships,jump-startinterpersonalskillsand,whentappedearly,areemployedeverafterinlifeandwork.Thenthere’sthekindofpopularitythatappearsinadolescence:statusbornofpowerandevendishonorablebehavior.Enviableasthecoolkidsmayhaveseemed,Dr.Prinstein’sstudiesshowunpleasantconsequences.Thosewhowerehighestinstatusinhighschool,aswellasthoseleastlikedinelementaryschool,are＂mostlikelytoengage（從事）indangerousandriskybehavior.＂Inonestudy,Dr.Prinsteinexaminedthetwotypesofpopularityin235adolescents,scoringtheleastliked,themostlikedandthehighestinstatusbasedonstudentsurveys（調(diào)查研究）.＂Wefoundthattheleastwell-likedteenshadbecomemoreaggressiveovertimetowardtheirclassmates.Butsohadthosewhowerehighinstatus.Itclearlyshowedthatwhilelikabilitycanleadtohealthyadjustment,highstatushasjusttheoppositeeffectonus."Dr.Prinsteinhasalsofoundthatthequalitiesthatmadetheneighborswantyouonaplaydate-sharing,kindness,openness—carryovertolateryearsandmakeyoubetterabletorelateandconnectwithothers.Inanalyzinghisandotherresearch，Dr.Prinsteincametoanotherconclusion:Notonlyislikabilityrelatedtopositivelifeoutcomes,butitisalsoresponsibleforthoseoutcomes,too."Beinglikedcreatesopportunitiesforlearningandfornewkindsoflifeexperiencesthathelpsomebodygainanadvantage,＂hesaid.32.Whatsortofgirlwastheauthorinherearlyyearsofelementaryschool?A.Unkind. B.Lonely. C.Generous. D.Cool.33.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout？A.Theclassificationofthepopular.B.Thecharacteristicsofadolescents.C.Theimportanceofinterpersonalskills.D.Thecausesofdishonorablebehavior.34.WhatdidDr.Prinstein’sstudyfindaboutthemostlikedkids?A.Theyappearedtobeaggressive.B.Theytendedtobemoreadaptable.C.Theyenjoyedthehigheststatus.D.Theyperformedwellacademically.35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.BeNice—YouWon’tFinishLastB.TheHighertheStatus,theBetterC.BetheBest—YouCanMakeItD.MoreSelf-Control,LessAggressiveness第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。IsFreshAirReallyGoodforYou?Weallgrewuphearingpeopletellusto＂gooutandgetsomefreshair＂.36Accordingtorecentstudies,theanswerisabigYES,iftheairqualityinyourcampingareaisgood.37Iftheairyou’rebreathingisclean—whichitwouldbeifyou’reawayfromthesmogofcities—thentheairisfilledwithlife-giving,energizingoxygen.Ifyouexerciseoutofdoors,yourbodywilllearntobreathemoredeeply,allowingevenmoreoxygentogettoyourmuscles（肌肉）andyourbrain.Recently,peoplehavebegunstudyingtheconnectionbetweenthenaturalworldandhealing（治愈）.38Intheseplacespatientscangotobenearnatureduringtheirrecovery.Itturnsoutthatjustlookingatgreen,growingthingscanreducestress,lowerbloodpressure,andputpeopleintoabettermood（情緒）.Greeneryisgoodforus.Hospitalpatientswhoseetreebranchesouttheirwindowarelikelytorecoveratafasterratethanpatientswhoseebuildingsorskyinstead.39Itgivesusagreatfeelingofpeace.40Whilethesun’srayscanageandharmourskin,theyalsogiveusbeneficialVitaminD.TomakesureyougetenoughVitaminD—butstillprotectyourskin—putonsunscreenrightasyouheadoutside.Ittakessunscreenaboutfifteenminutestostartworking,andthat’splentyoftimeforyourskintoabsorbaday’sworthofVitaminD.A.Freshaircleansourlungs.B.Sowhatareyouwaitingfor?C.Beinginnaturerefreshesus.D.Anothersidebenefitofgettingfreshairissunlight.E.Butisfreshairreallyasgoodforyouasyourmotheralwayssaid?F.Justasimportantly,wetendtoassociatefreshairwithhealthcare.G.Allacrossthecountry,recoverycentershavebegunbuildingHealingGardens.第三部分完型填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Everyyearabout40,000peopleattempttoclimbKilimanjaro,thehighestmountaininAfrica.They41withthemlotsofwaste.The42mightdamagethebeautyoftheplace.Theglaciers（冰川）aredisappearing,changingthe43ofKilimanjaro.Hearingthesestories,I’m44abouttheplace—otherdestinationsaredescribedas＂purer＂naturalexperiences.However,Isoon45thatmuchhaschangedsincethedaysofdisturbingreportsof46amongtonsofrubbish.Ifinda47mountain,withtoiletsatcampsandalongthepaths.Theenvironmentalchallengesare48buttheeffortsmadebytheTanzaniaNationalParkAuthorityseemtobe49.ThebestofaKilimanjaro50,inmyopinion,isn’treachingthetop.Mountainsare51asspiritualplacesbymanycultures.This52isespeciallyevidentonKilimanjaroas53gothroughfiveecosystems（生態(tài)系統(tǒng)）inthespaceofafewkilometers.Atthebaseisarainforest.Itendsabruptlyat3,000meters,54landsoflowgrowingplants.Furtherup,theweather55—lowcloudsenvelopethemountainsides,whicharecoveredwiththickgrass.I56twelveshadesofgreenfromwhereIstand.Above4,000metersisthehighland57:gravel（礫石）,stonesandrocks.58youclimbintoanarctic-likezonewith59snowandtheglaciersthatmaysoondisappear.DoesKilimanjaro60itsreputationasacrowdedmountainwithlinesoftouristsruiningtheatmosphereofpeace?Ifoundtheoppositetobetrue.41.A.keep B.mix C.connect D.bring42.A.stories B.buildings C.crowds D.reporters43.A.position B.age C.face D.name44.A.silent B.skeptical C.serious D.crazy45.A.discover B.argue C.decide D.advocate46.A.equipment B.grass C.ca