英語(yǔ)的三個(gè)發(fā)展時(shí)期課件

Chapter2

DevelopmentoftheEnglishVocabularyChapter2De1ContentsReviewofChapter1AnIntroductiontoChapter2TheIndo-EuropeanLanguageFamily（印歐語(yǔ)系）ThreePhasesoftheHistoricalDevelopmentVocabularyPracticeHomeworkContentsReviewofChapter121.ReviewofChapter1Awordisaminimalfreeformofalanguagethathasagivensound,meaningand___.Ifwecomparevocabularytoafamily,wordsare___.Ifyou’vemastered3000Englishwords,wecanseeyouhave___vocabulary(vocabularies).Everywordhassoundandmeaningandtherelationshipbetweenthemis___and___.1.ReviewofChapter1Awordi35.Thelastletterof“bomb”issilent,whichindicatessometimessoundisnotconsistentwith___.6.ThehugeEnglishvocabularymayfallinto___and___byusefrequency.7.By___,theEnglishwordscanbegroupedintocontentwordsandfunctionalwords.8.TheEnglishvocabularycanbeclassifiedinto___and___byorigins.5.Thelastletterof“bomb”i49.___isthemostimportantofallfeaturesofthebasicwordstock.10.“beautiful”and“walk”belongto___,while“to”and“will”belongto___.(contentwordsorfunctionalwords)11.Wordstakenoverfromforeignlanguagesareknownasborrowedwords,___or___.12.“Bazaar”isborrowedfromPersiabuthasretaineditsoriginalpronunciationandspelling.Wecallitan___.9.___isthemostimportanto52.AnIntroductiontoChapter2WheredoesEnglishcomefrom?InwhichwayisEnglishrelatedtootherlanguages?WhyareGermanicdialectsorTeutonicdialectsareknownasEnglishnow?Whatisthesizeofthevocabularyofthefirstsettlers?HowhasEnglishdevelopedintowhatisnowahugemodernvocabulary?2.AnIntroductiontoChapter63.TheIndo-EuropeanLanguageFamilyKeyPoints:全世界大約有3000種語(yǔ)言，分成300個(gè)語(yǔ)系。印歐語(yǔ)系是300個(gè)語(yǔ)系中的一個(gè)印歐語(yǔ)系中的語(yǔ)言的基本詞匯和語(yǔ)法相似印歐語(yǔ)系分為10語(yǔ)族：東部組4個(gè)和西部組6個(gè)日耳曼語(yǔ)族屬于西部組日耳曼語(yǔ)族包括：挪威語(yǔ)，冰島語(yǔ)，丹麥語(yǔ)，瑞典語(yǔ)，德語(yǔ)，荷蘭語(yǔ)，佛蘭德語(yǔ)和英語(yǔ)。印歐語(yǔ)系中的語(yǔ)言對(duì)英語(yǔ)有影響3.TheIndo-EuropeanLanguage74.ThreePhasesoftheHistorical

DevelopmentOldEnglish古英語(yǔ)(450---1150)MiddleEnglish中古英語(yǔ)(1150---1500)ModernEnglish現(xiàn)在英語(yǔ)(1500---至今)4.ThreePhasesoftheHistori8

BeforeOldEnglish（古英語(yǔ)之前）土著居民凱爾特人(Celts)凱爾特語(yǔ)(Celt)入侵者羅馬人(Romans)拉丁語(yǔ)(Latin)EnglishisnotthenativelanguageoftheBritishIsles.

BeforeOldEnglish（古英語(yǔ)之前）9OldEnglish(450--1150)古英語(yǔ)羅馬軍團(tuán)撤退后，來(lái)自北方的皮克特人和蘇格蘭人又入侵了不列顛群島。（thePictsandScots）凱爾特人向北海的日耳曼武士(Angles,Saxons,FrisianandJutes)求助。（appealto…forassistance）最終日耳曼人成了凱爾特人新的統(tǒng)治者。(conquerors)統(tǒng)治者的語(yǔ)言被稱作Angles-Saxons.WhyisthiscountrycalledEngland?為什么這個(gè)國(guó)家叫做英國(guó)？(thelandofAngles)OldEnglish(450--1150)古英語(yǔ)羅馬軍團(tuán)10CharacteristicsoftheOldEnglish:(1)Asmallmonogeneousvocabulary(50000-60000)(2)AfewborrowingsfromLatinandScandinavian(3)ThewordsfullofendingsCharacteristicsoftheOldEn11MiddleEnglish中古英語(yǔ)(1150-1500)NormanConquest(1066)諾曼征服Theinflux(流入)ofFrenchwordsintoEnglishdidnotoccuruntilafter1300.AgreatnumberofFrenchwordspoured(涌入)intoEnglish.CharacteristicsoftheMiddleEnglish:(1)Acomparativelylargevocabulary(2)AtremendousnumberofwordsfromFrenchandLatin(3)Wordendingsareleveled.MiddleEnglish中古英語(yǔ)(1150-1500)N12ModernEnglish現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)(1500-至今)EarlyModernEnglish(1500-1700)(1)Renaissance文藝復(fù)興—拉丁風(fēng)格的現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)TheRenaissancewastheperiodinEurope,especiallyItaly,inthe14th,15th,and16thcenturies,whentherewasanewinterestinart,literature,science.

(2)TheBourgeoisRevolutionandtheIndustrialRevolution資產(chǎn)階級(jí)革命和工業(yè)革命LateModernEnglish(1700uptothepresent)(1)Breathtakingadvancesinscienceandtechnology科技的迅猛發(fā)展(2)Borrowingsandcoinageinallwalksoflife借詞和造詞ModernEnglish現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)(1500-至今)Ea13CharacteristicsoftheModernEnglish:(1)Ahugeandheterogeneousvocabulary(2)Tremendousborrowings(3)WordswithlostendingsCharacteristicsoftheModern14HomeworkWhatarethebasicdifferencesbetweenthevocabulariesofthethreeperiodsofEnglishdevelopment?英語(yǔ)三個(gè)發(fā)展時(shí)期的基本特征是什么？HomeworkWhatarethebasicdif15VocabularyPracticeVocabularyPractice16

Chapter2

DevelopmentoftheEnglishVocabularyChapter2De17ContentsReviewofChapter1AnIntroductiontoChapter2TheIndo-EuropeanLanguageFamily（印歐語(yǔ)系）ThreePhasesoftheHistoricalDevelopmentVocabularyPracticeHomeworkContentsReviewofChapter1181.ReviewofChapter1Awordisaminimalfreeformofalanguagethathasagivensound,meaningand___.Ifwecomparevocabularytoafamily,wordsare___.Ifyou’vemastered3000Englishwords,wecanseeyouhave___vocabulary(vocabularies).Everywordhassoundandmeaningandtherelationshipbetweenthemis___and___.1.ReviewofChapter1Awordi195.Thelastletterof“bomb”issilent,whichindicatessometimessoundisnotconsistentwith___.6.ThehugeEnglishvocabularymayfallinto___and___byusefrequency.7.By___,theEnglishwordscanbegroupedintocontentwordsandfunctionalwords.8.TheEnglishvocabularycanbeclassifiedinto___and___byorigins.5.Thelastletterof“bomb”i209.___isthemostimportantofallfeaturesofthebasicwordstock.10.“beautiful”and“walk”belongto___,while“to”and“will”belongto___.(contentwordsorfunctionalwords)11.Wordstakenoverfromforeignlanguagesareknownasborrowedwords,___or___.12.“Bazaar”isborrowedfromPersiabuthasretaineditsoriginalpronunciationandspelling.Wecallitan___.9.___isthemostimportanto212.AnIntroductiontoChapter2WheredoesEnglishcomefrom?InwhichwayisEnglishrelatedtootherlanguages?WhyareGermanicdialectsorTeutonicdialectsareknownasEnglishnow?Whatisthesizeofthevocabularyofthefirstsettlers?HowhasEnglishdevelopedintowhatisnowahugemodernvocabulary?2.AnIntroductiontoChapter223.TheIndo-EuropeanLanguageFamilyKeyPoints:全世界大約有3000種語(yǔ)言，分成300個(gè)語(yǔ)系。印歐語(yǔ)系是300個(gè)語(yǔ)系中的一個(gè)印歐語(yǔ)系中的語(yǔ)言的基本詞匯和語(yǔ)法相似印歐語(yǔ)系分為10語(yǔ)族：東部組4個(gè)和西部組6個(gè)日耳曼語(yǔ)族屬于西部組日耳曼語(yǔ)族包括：挪威語(yǔ)，冰島語(yǔ)，丹麥語(yǔ)，瑞典語(yǔ)，德語(yǔ)，荷蘭語(yǔ)，佛蘭德語(yǔ)和英語(yǔ)。印歐語(yǔ)系中的語(yǔ)言對(duì)英語(yǔ)有影響3.TheIndo-EuropeanLanguage234.ThreePhasesoftheHistorical

DevelopmentOldEnglish古英語(yǔ)(450---1150)MiddleEnglish中古英語(yǔ)(1150---1500)ModernEnglish現(xiàn)在英語(yǔ)(1500---至今)4.ThreePhasesoftheHistori24

BeforeOldEnglish（古英語(yǔ)之前）土著居民凱爾特人(Celts)凱爾特語(yǔ)(Celt)入侵者羅馬人(Romans)拉丁語(yǔ)(Latin)EnglishisnotthenativelanguageoftheBritishIsles.

BeforeOldEnglish（古英語(yǔ)之前）25OldEnglish(450--1150)古英語(yǔ)羅馬軍團(tuán)撤退后，來(lái)自北方的皮克特人和蘇格蘭人又入侵了不列顛群島。（thePictsandScots）凱爾特人向北海的日耳曼武士(Angles,Saxons,FrisianandJutes)求助。（appealto…forassistance）最終日耳曼人成了凱爾特人新的統(tǒng)治者。(conquerors)統(tǒng)治者的語(yǔ)言被稱作Angles-Saxons.WhyisthiscountrycalledEngland?為什么這個(gè)國(guó)家叫做英國(guó)？(thelandofAngles)OldEnglish(450--1150)古英語(yǔ)羅馬軍團(tuán)26CharacteristicsoftheOldEnglish:(1)Asmallmonogeneousvocabulary(50000-60000)(2)AfewborrowingsfromLatinandScandinavian(3)ThewordsfullofendingsCharacteristicsoftheOldEn27MiddleEnglish中古英語(yǔ)(1150-1500)NormanConquest(1066)諾曼征服Theinflux(流入)ofFrenchwordsintoEnglishdidnotoccuruntilafter1300.AgreatnumberofFrenchwordspoured(涌入)intoEnglish.CharacteristicsoftheMiddleEnglish:(1)Acomparativelylargevocabulary(2)AtremendousnumberofwordsfromFrenchandLatin(3)Wordendingsareleveled.MiddleEnglish中古英語(yǔ)(1150-1500)N28ModernEnglish現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)(1500-至今)EarlyModernEnglish(1500-17