英語四級段落信息匹配題練習及答案6

英語四級段落信息匹配題練習及答案6英語四級段落信息匹配題練習及答案6英語四級段落信息匹配題練習及答案6xxx公司英語四級段落信息匹配題練習及答案6文件編號：文件日期：修訂次數(shù)：第1.0次更改批準審核制定方案設計，管理制度英語四級長篇閱讀段落信息匹配題練習及答案（6）Directions:

Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.長篇閱讀

BeautyandBodyImageintheMedia[A]Imagesoffemalebodiesareeverywhere.Women—andtheirbodyparts—selleverythingfromfoodtocars.Popularfilmandtelevisionactressesarebecomingyounger,tallerandthinner.Somehaveevenbeenknowntofaintonthesetfromlackoffood.Women’smagazinesarefullofarticlesurgingthatiftheycanjustlosethoselasttwentypounds,they’llhaveitall—theperfectmarriage,lovingchildren,greatsex,andarewardingcareer.[B]Whyarestandardsofbeautybeingimposedonwomen,themajorityofwhomarenaturallylargerandmorematurethananyofthemodelsTheroots,someanalystssay,areeconomic.Bypresentinganidealdifficulttoachieveandmaintainthecosmeticanddietproductindustriesareassuredofgrowthandprofits.Andit’snoaccidentthatyouthisincreasinglypromoted,alongwiththinness,asanessentialcriterionofbeauty.Ifnotallwomenneedtoloseweight,forsurethey’reallaging,saystheQuebecActionNetworkforWomen’sHealthinits2001report.And,accordingtotheindustry,ageisadisasterthatneedstobedealtwith.[C]Thestakesarehuge.Ontheonehand,womenwhoareinsecureabouttheirbodiesaremorelikelytobuybeautyproducts,newclothes,anddietaids.Itisestimatedthatthedietindustryaloneisworthanywherebetween40to100billion(U.S.)ayearsellingtemporaryweightloss(90%to95%ofdietersregainthelostweight).Ontheotherhand,researchindicatesthatexposuretoimagesofthin,young,air-brushedfemalebodiesislinkedtodepression,lossofself-esteemandthedevelopmentofunhealthyeatinghabitsinwomenandgirls.[D]TheAmericanresearchgroupAnorexiaNervosa&RelatedEatingDisorders,Inc.saysthatoneoutofeveryfourcollege-agedwomenusesunhealthymethodsofweightcontrol—includingfasting,skippingmeals,excessiveexercise,laxative(瀉藥)abuse,andself-inducedvomiting.Thepressuretobethinisalsoaffectingyounggirls:theCanadianWomen’sHealthNetworkwarnsthatweightcontrolmeasuresarenowbeingtakenbygirlsasyoungas5and6.Americanstatisticsaresimilar.Severalstudies,suchasoneconductedbyMarikaTiggemannandLevinaClarkin2006titled“AppearanceCulturein9-to12-Year-OldGirls:MediaandPeerInfluencesonBodyDissatisfaction,”indicatethatnearlyhalfofallpreadolescentgirlswishtobethinner,andasaresulthaveengagedinadietorareawareoftheconceptofdieting.In2003,Teenmagazinereportedthat35percentofgirls6to12yearsoldhavebeenonatleastonediet,andthat50to70percentofnormalweightgirlsbelievetheyareoverweight.Overallresearchindicatesthat90%ofwomenaredissatisfiedwiththeirappearanceinsomeway.MediaactivistJeanKilbourneconcludesthat,“Womenaresoldtothedietindustrybythemagazineswereadandthetelevisionprogramswewatch,almostallofwhichmakeusfeelanxiousaboutourweight.”[E]Perhapsthemostdisturbingisthefactthatmediaimagesoffemalebeautyareunattainableforallbutaverysmallnumberofwomen.ResearchersgeneratingacomputermodelofawomanwithBarbie-dollproportions,forexample,foundthatherbackwouldbetooweaktosupporttheweightofherupperbody,andherbodywouldbetoonarrowtocontainmorethanhalfaliverandafewcentimetersofbowel.Arealwomanbuiltthatwaywouldsufferfromchronicdiarrhea(慢性腹瀉)andeventuallydiefrommalnutrition.JillBarad,PresidentofMattel(whichmanufacturesBarbie),estimatedthat99%ofgirlsaged3to10yearsoldownatleastoneBarbiedoll.Still,thenumberofreallifewomenandgirlswhoseekasimilarlyunderweightbodyisepidemic,andtheycansufferequallydevastatinghealthconsequences.In2006itwasestimatedthatupto450,000Canadianwomenwereaffectedbyaneatingdisorder.[F]Researchersreportthatwomen’smagazineshavetenandone-halftimesmoreadsandarticlespromotingweightlossthanmen’smagazinesdo,andoverthree-quartersofthecoversofwomen’smagazinesincludeatleastonemessageabouthowtochangeawoman’sbodilyappearance—bydiet,exerciseorcosmeticsurgery.Televisionandmoviesreinforcetheimportanceofathinbodyasameasureofawoman’sworth.CanadianresearcherGregoryFoutsreportsthatoverthree-quartersofthefemalecharactersinTVsituationcomediesareunderweight,andonlyoneintwentyareaboveaverageinsize.Heavieractressestendtoreceivenegativecommentsfrommalecharactersabouttheirbodies(“Howaboutwearingasack，

，)，and80percentofthesenegativecommentsarefollowedbycannedaudiencelaughter.

[G]Therehavebeeneffortsinthemagazineindustrytobuck(才氐制，反抗)thetrend.ForseveralyearstheQuebecmagazineCoupdePoucehasconsistentlyincludedfull-sizedwomenintheirfashionpagesandChatelainehaspledgednottotouchupphotosandnottoincludemodelslessthan25yearsofage.InMadrid,oneoftheworld’sbiggestfashioncapitals,ultra-thinmodelswerebannedfromtherunwayin2006.FurthermoreSpainhasrecentlyundergoneaprojectwiththeaimtostandardizeclothingsizesthroughusingauniqueprocessinwhichalaserbeamisusedtomeasurereallifew[H]Anotherissueistherepresentationofethnicallydiversewomeninthemedia.A2008studyconductedbyJuanitaCovertandTravisDixontitled“AChangingView:RepresentationandEffectsofthePortrayalofWomenofColorinMainstreamWomen’sMagazines”foundthatalthoughtherewasanincreaseintherepresentationofwomenofcolour,overallwhitewomenwereoverrepresentedinmainstreamwomen’smagazinesfrom1999to2004.[I]Thebarrageofmessagesaboutthinness,dietingandbeautytells“ordinary”womenthattheyarealwaysinneedofadjustment—andthatthefemalebodyisanobjecttobeperfected.JeanKilbournearguesthattheoverwhelmingpresenceofmediaimagesofpainfullythinwomenmeansthatrealwomen’sbodieshavebecomeinvisibleinthemassmedia.Therealtragedy,Kilbourneconcludes,isthatmanywomeninternalizethesestereotypes,andjudgethemselvesbythebeautyindustry’sstandards.Womenlearntocomparethemselvestootherwomen,andtocompetewiththemformaleattention.Thisfocusonbeautyanddesirability“effectivelydestroysanyawarenessandactionthatmighthelptochangethatclimate.”46.AreportinTeenmagazineshowedthat50%to70%girlswithnormalweightthinkthattheyneedtoloseweight.47.Onthewhole,for6yearswhitewomenhadbeenoccupyingmuchmorespaceinmainstreamwomen’smagazinessince1999.48.Somenegativeeffectssuchasdepressionandunhealthyeatinghabitsinfemalesarerelatedtotheirbeingexposedtoimagesofthinandyoungfemalebodies.49.Themassmediahashelpedboostthecosmeticandthedietindustries.50.Itisreportedthatthereisatleastonemessageaboutthemethodsforwomentochangetheirbodilyappearanceonmorethanthree-quartersofthecoversofwomen’smagazines.51.Somefilmandtelevisionactressesevenfaintonthesceneduetoeatingtoolittle.52.Toomuchconcernwithappearancemakesitimpossibletochangesuchabnormaltrend.53.ResearchersfoundthatarealwomanwithBarbie-dollproportionswouldeventuallydiefrommalnutrition.54.TheQuebecmagazineCoup(ePouceresiststhetrendbyconsistentlyincludingfull-sizedwomenintheirfashionpagesforseveralyears.55.Accordingtosomeanalysts,thefundamentalreasonofimposingstandardsofbeautyonwomeniseconomicprofits.答案與解析PartⅢReadingComprehensionSectionB46.[D]題干意為，《青少年》雜志上的一項報道稱，有50%到70%體重正常的女孩認為自己需要減肥。注意抓住題干中的關鍵詞magazine、50%to70%和normalweight。文章段落中，《青少年》雜志以及百分比50%到70%的內容在[D]段出現(xiàn)，該段倒數(shù)第二句提到，《青少年》雜志報道稱，在6~12歲的女孩當中，有35%的人至少進行過一次減肥，有50%~70%體重正常的女孩認為自己超重。由此可知，題干是對該句部分內容的同義轉述，故答案為[D]。題干中的needtoloseweight與原文中的isoverweight對應。47.[H]。題干意為，總體而言，1999年以來白人女性連續(xù)六年占據了主流女性雜志的多數(shù)篇幅。注意抓住題干中的關鍵詞for6years、whitewomen和occupyingmuchmorespace。文章段落中，提及白人女性在主流女性雜志所占比例的內容在[H]段出現(xiàn)，該段最后一句提到，該研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，雖然1999~2004年間雜志中出現(xiàn)的有色人種的女性形象在數(shù)量上有所增加，但是從整體來看，白人女性還是占據了主流女性雜志的多數(shù)篇幅。由此可知，題干是對原文的同義轉述，故答案為[H]。題干中的occupyingmuchmorespace對應原文中的overrepresented。48.[C]。題干意為，女性身上存在的一些諸如抑郁和不健康的飲食習慣的負面影響與接觸年輕苗條的女性形象有關。注意抓住題干中的關鍵詞depressionandunhealthyeatinghabits、beingexposedto和thinandyoungbodies。文章段落中，[C]段提到了抑郁、不健康的飲食習慣以及接觸年輕苗條的女性形象的內容，該段最后一句提到，另一方面，研究表明，接觸這種年輕苗條、妝容美麗的女性形象與女性的抑郁、缺乏自信和不健康的飲食習慣有關。由此可知，題干是對原文的同義轉述，故答案為[C]。題干中的arerelatedto對應原文中的islinkedto，beingexposedto對應原文中的exposureto。49.[B]。題干意為，大眾媒體幫助促進了化妝品和減肥產品行業(yè)的發(fā)展。注意抓住題干中的關鍵詞boosted和thecosmeticandthedietindustries。文章段落中，只有[B]段提到了化妝品和減肥產品行業(yè)的發(fā)展，該段最后一句提到，通過呈現(xiàn)一個難以達到和保持的理想身材，化妝品和減肥產品行業(yè)必然能夠得到發(fā)展并獲得利潤，而其呈現(xiàn)方式就是通過大眾媒體。由此可知，題干是對原文的同義轉述，故答案為[B]。50.[F]。題干意為，報道稱超過四分之三的女性雜志封面至少包含了一條關于如何改變女性身材的方法。注意抓住題干中的關鍵詞atleastonemessage和morethanthree-quarters。文章段落中，提到女性雜志封面提供如何改變女性身材的的內容在[F]段出現(xiàn)，該段首句提到，研究人員公布說，女性雜志上宣傳減肥的廣告和文章所占的比重比男性雜志高10.5倍，超過四分之三的女性雜志封面至少包含了一條關于如何改變女性身材的信息——諸如節(jié)食、運動或是整容手術。由此可知，題干對該句后半句內容做了概括，故答案為[F]。題干中的methodsforwomentochangetheirbodilyappearance是對原文中howtochangeawoman’sbodilyappearance—bydiet,exerciseorcosmeticsurgery洽勺相無才括。51.[A]。題干意為，甚至有些影視女演員因為吃得太少而在拍攝現(xiàn)場昏倒。注意抓住題干中的關鍵詞filmandtelevisionactresses和faint。文章段落中，[A]段提到了女演員以及暈倒的內容，該段第三句提到，有些女演員甚至因為吃得太少而在拍攝現(xiàn)場昏倒。由此可見，題干對原文做了同義改寫，故答案為[A]。題干中的duetoeatingt