課件-12講交互設(shè)計(jì)-第十二

InteractionDesign（主講 第6設(shè)計(jì)需求（Part 本講內(nèi)容概①重新認(rèn)識(shí)目標(biāo)導(dǎo)向的設(shè)計(jì)流設(shè)計(jì)需求定義流 設(shè)計(jì)需求定義流 重新認(rèn)識(shí)目標(biāo)導(dǎo)向的設(shè)計(jì)流WhataWhataproductisandwhatitshoulddo.Howaproductbehavesandhowitisstructuredtomeetusergoals. 重新認(rèn)識(shí)目標(biāo)導(dǎo)向的設(shè)計(jì)流WhataWhataproductisandwhatitshoulddo.Howaproductbehavesandhowitisstructuredtomeetusergoals. 重新認(rèn)識(shí)目標(biāo)導(dǎo)向的設(shè)計(jì)流WhataproductWhataproductisandwhatitshoulddo.Howaproductbehavesandhowitisstructuredtomeetusergoals. 重新認(rèn)識(shí)目標(biāo)導(dǎo)向的設(shè)計(jì)流WhataproductWhataproductisandwhatitshoulddo.Howaproductbehavesandhowitisstructuredtomeetusergoals. 重新認(rèn)識(shí)目標(biāo)導(dǎo)向的設(shè)計(jì)流WhataproductWhataproductisandwhatitshoulddo.Howaproductbehavesandhowitisstructuredtomeetusergoals.10 設(shè)計(jì)需求定義流設(shè)計(jì)需求定義流程包含以下五個(gè)步11 設(shè)計(jì)需求定義流12 步驟1：書寫問題和愿景綜Beforebeginningtheprocessofideation,it’simportantfordesignerstohaveaclearmandate(指令)formovingforward.訴他們應(yīng)該朝著哪個(gè)方向走。13 步驟1：書寫問題和愿景綜mandateandareextremelyhelpfulinbuildingconsensus(共識(shí)amongstakeholdersbeforethedesignprocessmovesforward.并且對于與投資人達(dá)成共識(shí)非常有幫助。14 步驟1：書寫問題和愿景綜Atahighlevel,theproblemstatementdefinesthepurposeofthedesigninitiative.Adesignproblemstatementshouldconcisely(簡明地)reflectasituationthatneedschanging,forboththeasandthebusinessprovidingtheproductto 15 步驟1：書寫問題和愿景綜ForCompanyX’scustomersatisfactionratingsareMarketsharehasdiminishedby10percentoverthepastyearbecauseusershaveinadequatetoolstoperformtasksX,Y,andZthatwouldhelpthemmeettheirgoalof16 步驟1：書寫問題和愿景綜Thevisionstatementisaninversion( )oftheproblemstatementthatservesasahigh-leveldesignobjectiveormandate. 17 步驟1：書寫問題和愿景綜Inthevisionstatementyouleadwiththeuser’sneeds,andyoutransition(躍遷)fromthosetohowthedesignvisionmeetsbusinessgoals.18 步驟1：書寫問題和愿景綜Here’sasampletemplatefortheprecedingThenewdesignofProductXwillhelpusersachieveGbyallowingthemtodoX,Y,andZwithgreater[accuracy,efficiency,andsoon],andwithoutproblemsA,B,andCthattheycurrentlyexperience.19 步驟1：書寫問題和愿景綜Here’sasampletemplatefortheprecedingThiswilldramaticallyimproveCompanyX’ssatisfactionratingsandleadtoincreasedmarket20 步驟1：書寫問題和愿景綜Thecontentofboththeproblemandvisionstatementsshouldcomedirectlyfromresearchandusermodels.Usergoalsandneedsshouldbederivedfromtheprimaryandsecondary as,andbusinessgoalsshouldbeextractedfromstakeholderinterviews.21 步驟2：探索與頭腦風(fēng)Theprimarypurposehereistoeliminateasmuchpreconceptionaspossible.22 步驟2：探索與頭腦風(fēng) ngsoallowsdesignerstobeopen-mindedandflexibleastheyusetheirimaginationtoconstructscenariosandtousetheir yticalskillstoderiverequirementsfromthesescenarios. 23 步驟2：探索與頭腦風(fēng)Airallthewackyideasyou’vebeenconsidering(plussomeyouhaven’t),andbepreparedtorecordthemandfilethemforsafekee untilmuchlaterintheDon’tspendtoomuchtimeonthebrainstorming24 步驟3：確定人物角色的期 ’smentalmodelisherowninternalrepresentationofreality—howshethinksaboutorexplainssomethingtoherself.每個(gè)人的眼中都有一個(gè)他所認(rèn)識(shí)的世界——心理模型25 步驟3：確定人物角色的期Itisthereforeimportantthattherepresentedmodelofourinterfaces—howthedesignbehavesandpresentsitself—shouldmatchwhatweunderstandaboutusers’mentalmodelsasmuchaspossible.26 步驟3：確定人物角色的期 plishthis,weformallyrecordtheseAttitudes,experiences,aspirations,andothersocial,cultural,environmental,andcognitivefactorsthatinfluencethe a’sexpectations27 步驟3：確定人物角色的期 plishthis,weformallyrecordtheseGeneralexpectationsanddesiresthe amayhaveabouttheexperienceofusingtheproductBehaviorsthe awillexpectorwantfromthe28 步驟3：確定人物角色的期 plishthis,weformallyrecordtheseHowthat athinksaboutbasicelementsorunitsofdata(Forexample,inane-mailapplication,thebasicelementsofdatamightbemessagesandpeople.)29 步驟4：構(gòu)建情境場景劇Allscenariosarestoriesaboutpeopleandtheiractivities,butcontextscenariosarethemoststorylikeofthethreetypesweemploy.30 步驟4：構(gòu)建情境場景劇Acontextscenario lsthestoryofaparticularusera,withvariousmotivations,needs,andgoals,usingthefutureversionofyourproductinthewaythatismosttypicalforthat 31 步驟4：構(gòu)建情境場景劇Contextscenariosshouldbebroadandrelativelyshallow(淺顯)inscope.Theyshouldnotdescribeproductorinteractiondetailbutrathershouldfocusonhigh-levelactionsfromthe 32 步驟4：構(gòu)建情境場景劇ContextscenariosaddressquestionssuchastheInwhatsetting(s)willtheproductbeWillitbeusedforextendedamountsofIs afrequently33 步驟4：構(gòu)建情境場景劇ContextscenariosaddressquestionssuchastheDoseveralpeopleuseasingleworkstationorWithwhatotherproductswillitbeWhatprimaryactivitiesdoesthe aneedtoperformtomeethergoals?34 步驟4：構(gòu)建情境場景劇ContextscenariosaddressquestionssuchastheWhatistheexpectedendresultofusingtheHowmuchcomplexityispermissible(允許的basedaskillandfrequencyof35 步驟4：構(gòu)建情境場景劇Apowerfultoolintheearlystagesofdeveloscenariosistopretendtheinterfaceismagic. 設(shè)產(chǎn)品的界面是無所不能的 原36 情境場景劇本舉 aisVivienStrong,areal-estateagentinnapolis,whosegoalsaretobalanceworkandhomelife,closethedeal,andmakeeachclientfeellikeheorsheisheronlyclient.37 情境場景劇本舉Whilegettingreadyinthemorning,Vivienusesherphonetocheckhere-mail.Becauseithasarelativelylargescreenandquickconnectiontime,it’smoreconvenientthanbootingupacomputerassherushestomakeherdaughter,Alice,asandwichforschool.138 情境場景劇本舉Vivienseesane-mailfromhernewestclient,Frank,whowantstolookatahousethisafternoon.Thedevicehashiscontactinfo,soshecancallhimwithasimpleactionrightfromthee-mail.239 情境場景劇本舉WhileonthephonewithFrank,Vivienswitchestospeakerphonesoshecanviewthescreenwhiletalking.Shelooksatherappointmentstoseewhenshe’sfree.Whenshecreatesanewappointment,340 情境場景劇本舉thephoneautomaticallymakesitanappointmentwithFrank,becauseitknowswithwhomsheistalking.Shequicklyenterstheaddressofthepropertyintotheappointmentasshefinishesher341 情境場景劇本舉AftersendingAlicetoschool,Vivienheadsintothereal-estateofficetogathersomepapersforanotherappointment.HerphonehasalreadyupdatedherOutlookappointments,sotherestoftheofficeknowswhereshe’llbeintheafternoon.442 情境場景劇本舉Thedaygoesbyquickly,andeventuallyVivienisrunningabitlate.Assheheadstowardthepropertyshe’llbeshowingFrank,thephonealertsherthatherappointmentisin15minutes.Whensheflipsopenthephone,sheseesnotonlytheappointment,butalsoalistofall srelatedtoFrank543 情境場景劇本舉includinge-mails,memos,phonemessages,andcalllogstoFrank’snumber.Vivieninitiatesacall,andthephoneautomaticallyconnectstoFrankbecauseitknowsherappointmentwithhimissoon.Sheletshimknowshe’llbetherein20minutes.544 情境場景劇本舉Vivienknowstheaddressofthepropertybutisunsureexactlywhereitis.Shepullsoverandtapstheaddresssheputintotheappointment.Thephonedownloadsdirectionsalongwithathumbnailmapshowingherlocationrelativetothedestination.645 情境場景劇本舉ViviengetstothepropertyontimeandstartsshowingittoFrank.Shehearsthephoneringfromherpurse.Normallywhilesheisinanappointment,thephoneautomaticallygoestovoic ,butAlicehasacodeshecanpresstogetthrough.Thephoneknowsit’sAlicecalling,soitusesadisti