人教版-八年級上冊第一單元英語知識點

人教版-八年級上冊第一單元英語知識點人教版-八年級上冊第一單元英語知識點人教版-八年級上冊第一單元英語知識點資料僅供參考文件編號：2022年4月人教版-八年級上冊第一單元英語知識點版本號：A修改號：1頁次：1.0審核：批準:發(fā)布日期：Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation?詞組stayathome待在家里goonvacation去度假gotothemountains去爬山gotothebeach去海灘visitmuseums參觀博物館quiteafew相當多gotosummercamp去參觀夏令營studyfor為……而學習goout出去mostofthetime大部分時間tastegood嘗起來很好吃ofcourse當然haveagoodtime玩得高興goshopping去購物feellike給…的感覺；感受到inthepast在過去walkaround四處走走becauseof因為onebowlof…一碗……thenextday第二天drinktea喝茶findout找出；查明goon繼續(xù)takephotos照相somethingimportant重要的事upanddown上上下下comeup出來buysth.forsb./buysb.sth.為某人買某物taste+adj.嘗起來……look+adj.看起來……nothing…but+動詞原形除了……之外什么都沒有seem+（tobe）+adj.看起來……arrivein+大地點/arriveat+小地點到達某地decidetodosth.決定去做某事trydoingsth.嘗試做某事/trytodosth.盡力去做某事forgetdoingsth.忘記做過某事/forgettodosth.忘記去做某事enjoydoingsth.喜歡做某事wanttodosth.想去做某事startdoingsth.開始做某事stopdoingsth.停止正在做的某事dislikedoingsth.不喜歡做某事keepdoingsth.繼續(xù)做某事Whynotdo.sth.為什么不做……呢

so+adj.+that+從句如此……以至于……tellsb.(not)todosth.告訴某人（不要）做某事詞語辨析：他anywhere在任何地方，常用于否定句,疑問句和條件句中。Ican’tfinditanywhere.somewhere在某處，到某處，常用于肯定句。Ilostmykeysomewherenearhere.Eg:Are

you

going

__________

tonight?

I

think

you

can

find

your

girlfriend

__________.2.seem+形容詞看起來…..Youseemhappytoday.seem+todosth.似乎、好像做某事IseemtohaveacoldItseems/seemed+從句看起來好像…；似乎….Itseemsthatnoonebelieveyou.seemlike….好像，似乎…..Itseemslikeagoodidea.3.decidetodosth.決定做某事Theydecidetovisitthemuseum.decide+疑問詞+動詞不定式Hecannotdecidewhentoleave.4.startdoingsth=starttodosth.開始，可與begin互換。Hestarteddoinghishomework.但以下幾種情況不能用begin.創(chuàng)辦，開辦：Hestartedanewbookshoplastmonth.機器開動：Ican’tstartmycar.出發(fā)，動身：Iwillstarttomorrowmorning.5.over介詞，多于，超過，在…以上（表示數(shù)目、程度）=morethanMyfatherisover40yearsold.在…之上，與物體垂直且不接觸，與under相反。Thereisamapovertheblackboard.超過：Ihearthenewsovertheradio.遍及：Iwanttotravelallovertheworld.6.toomany太多，后接可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)：Motherboughttoomanyeggsyesterday.toomuch太多，修飾不可數(shù)名詞，修飾動詞作狀語。Wehavetoomuchworktodo.Don’ttalktoomuch.muchtoo太，修飾形容詞或副詞。Thehatismuchtoobigforme.You’rewalkingmuchtoofast.分辨三者的口訣：toomuch,muchtoo,用法區(qū)別看后頭：much后接不可數(shù)，too后修飾形或副。toomany要記住，后面名詞必復數(shù)。7.

a

few

/

few

/

a

little

/

little

a

few

(少數(shù)的，幾個，一些)

a

little

(一點兒，少量)

表示肯定

few

(很少的，幾乎沒有的)

little

(很少的，幾乎沒有的)表示否定

修飾可數(shù)名詞

修飾不可數(shù)名詞

8.Hecan’ttakeawalkbecauseoftherain.because連詞，因為，引導狀語從句，表示直接明確的原因或理由。Idon’tbuytheshirtbecauseitwastooexpensive.9.none指人或物，強調(diào)數(shù)量，用how

many提問，常與of連用。

no

one

多指人，強調(diào)“無人”這種狀態(tài)，用who提問，不可與of連用，作主語時，其謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。

語法

1.一般過去時

1）

一般過去時的含義：表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。

2）

標志時間：yesterday,

last

night/week/month/year,

three

days

ago等過去時間的詞。

3）

動詞過去式的變化規(guī)則：

構(gòu)成規(guī)則原形過去式一般在動詞原形末尾加-edworkplayworkedplayed結(jié)尾是e的動詞加-dhopelivehopedlived末尾只有一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，先雙寫這個輔音字母，再加-edstoptripstoppedtripped結(jié)尾是“輔音字母+y”的動詞，先變“y”為“i”再加-edstudyworrystudiedworried寫出下列動詞的過去式go_______________stop___________________visit_____________study____________do__________ride____________take_____________drive__________arrive___________walk______________________sleep___________keep___________get___________用下列括號中詞的正確形式填空1.I_________(like)orangeswhenIwasyoung(年輕的).ButnowI__________(notlike)them.2.Mymotheroften____________(stay)athomeonSundays,butlastSundayshe_________(notstay)athome,she_________(go)tothepark.3.WeiHua__________(have)abusydayyesterday.4.He___________(visit)theGreatWall（長城）lastyear.5.We____________(have)agoodtimeyesterday.6.Weoften__________(go)toschoolbybuslastyear.7.I__________(live)inthevillagewhenIwasachild.9.Mike__________(see)abigtigerintheparklastyear.10.Sam___________(do)thehouseworkyesterday.11.________(do)you_________(enjoy)yourselfyesterday?12.________(do)you__________(play)theviolinintheartroomyesterday?No,Ididn't.I___________(draw)somepicturesthere.4)

句型

（1）含實義動詞

肯定句：主語+動詞過去式+其它.

Tom

lived

in

the

US

two

years

ago.

否定句：主語+didn’t+動詞原形+其它.Tom

didn’t

live

in

the

US

two

years

ago.

一般疑問句：Did+主語+動詞原形+其它？

.DidyougotothebeachlastSaturday肯定回答：Yes,

主語

did.

Yes,

Idid.

否定回答：No,

主語

didn’t.

No,

Ididn’t.

特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形+其它?

Where

did

Tom

live

in

the

US

two

years

ago?

5）

含be動詞

肯定句：主語+

was/were+其它.

He

was

a

primary

school

student

last

year.

否定句：主語+wasn’t/

weren’t+

其它。He

wasn’t

a

primary

school

student

last

year.

一般疑問句：was/

were+主語+

其它

Was

he

a

primary

school

student

last

year

特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+was/were+主語+其它What

was

he

last

year

6）Wheredidyou/he/she/theygo…是一般過去時的特殊問句，did是助動詞，動詞go用原型Eg:Wheredidyougoonvacation?----Istayedathome./IwenttoZhongShan..Howwasyourvacation?How是疑問副詞，表示“如何；怎樣?！?/p>

Eg:Howwastheweatherthere?句型轉(zhuǎn)換(改為一般疑問句)1.IwenttoSanyalastyear.2Jimwentoutwithhisfamilylastnight.3.Wefedsomehensandsomepigsinthecountryside.4.Katehadsomethingtodoatschoollastweek.5.Theydidsomethingfunonthebeach.6.Iboughtsomethingspecialformymother.2.

復合不定代詞：

（1）復合不定代詞：something,

anything,

everything,

nothing,

someone,

anyone,

everyone,

no

one,

somebody,

anybody,

everybody,

nobody,

somewhere,

anywhere,

everywhere,

nowhere

（2）形容詞修飾復合不定代詞要后置。something

special

某些特別的事情

anyone

interesting

任何有趣的人

anywhere

warm

任何溫暖的地方

（一）句型轉(zhuǎn)換。1.Weplayedfootballyesterdayafternoon.(劃線提問)_________________you________yesterdayafternoon?2.Myvacationwasgreat.(劃線提問)_________________yourvacation.3.Iwenttosummercampduringmyholiday.(劃線提問)_________didyou_______duringyourholiday?4.Hissisterhadapartyyesterdayevening.(劃線提問)_________________hissister________aparty?5.Isawthemathteacherintheofficeamomentago.(改為一般疑問句)________you_________themathteacherintheofficeamomentago?6.Theshopsweretoocrowded.(劃線提問)__________________theshops?（二）選擇題()1.Hehelpedmemylostbook.A.found B.find C.finding()2.Wehadgreatfun____inthewater.A.playB.toplayC.playsD.playing

()3.Yesterdayafternoon,we____tothepark.A.wentB.goC.goesD.goed

()4.–Howwerethepeople

---They____unfriendly。A.wasBwereC.areD.is

()5.Shedidn’t____meit.A.toldB.tellC.tellingDtells()6______wasthefoodintherestaurant

A.HowmanyB.WhyC.How D.Where()7.–Where___she_____onvacation

---She____heruncle.

A.did,go,visitedB.does,govisitedC.did,went,visitedD.does,went,visit單詞anyone['eniw?n]pron.任何人anywhere['eniwe?(r)]adv.任何地方n.任何(一個)地方wonderful['w?nd?fl]adj.精彩的；極好的 few[fju?]adj.很少的；n.少量most[m??st]adj.最多的;大多數(shù)的；something['s?mθ??]pron.某事物；nothing(=not…anything)['n?θ??]pron.沒有什么n.沒有myself[ma?'self]pron.我自己everyone['evriw?n]pron.每人；人人yourself[j??'self]pron.你自己；你親自hen[hen]n.母雞；雌禽bored[b??d]adj.無聊的；厭煩的；郁悶的pign.豬diary['da??ri]n.日記；日記簿(keepadiary)seem[si?m]vi.似乎；好像someone['s?mw?n]pron.某人；有人quiteafew相當多；不少(后接可數(shù)名詞)ofcourse[?vk??s]當然activity[?k't?v?ti]n.活動；活躍decide[d?'sa?d]v.決定；選定(decidetodosth.)try[tra?]v.嘗試；設(shè)法；努力(trytodosth./trydoingsth.)bird[b??d]n.鳥；禽paragliding['p?r?ɡla?d??]n.空中滑翔跳傘bicycle['ba?s?kl]n.自行車building['bildi?]n.建筑物trader['tred?]n.商人；商船wonder['w?nd?(r)]v.驚奇；想知道；懷疑difference['d?fr?ns]n.差異；不同top[t?p]n.頂部；頂wait[wet]v.等；等待(waitfor)umbrella[?m'brel?]n.傘；雨傘wet[wet]adj.濕的；雨天的below[bi'l?u]prep.低于；在...下面adv.在下面as[?z]conj.如同；像...一樣enough[i'n?f]adj.足夠的adv.足夠地；充分地duck[d?k]n.鴨肉；鴨hungry(反full)['h??ɡri]adj.饑餓的；渴望的feellike(doingsth.)想要dislike[d?s'la?k]v.不喜歡；厭惡n.不喜愛；厭惡；反感becauseof因為；由于haveagoodtime=enjoyoneself=havefun(doingsth.)玩得痛快根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從方框中選擇適當?shù)膯卧~填空。because,crowded,delicious,weather,on,photos,boring,wereMyparentsandIwenttoBeijing(2)________vacation.Iwasveryhappy,(3)________itwasmyfirsttriptoBeijing.FirstwewenttoTian’anMenSquare.Itwasgreat.ThenwewenttothePalaceMuseum.Ididn’thavefunthere.Itwastoo(4)________init.Afterthatwehadlunch.

Thefoodwas(5)________andcheap.Ilikeditverymuch.IntheafternoonwewenttotheGreatWall.There(6)________manypeoplethere,butthere.Atfiveo’clock,wewentbacktothehotel.Weweretiredbuthappy.閱讀理解下面幾位同學正在談論他們的周末。Linda:Istayedathomeandstudiedoverweekend.IstudiedformyEnglishtestonSaturday.YesterdayIwroteageographypaper.IntheeveningItalkedtomypenpalonthephone.Whatdidyoudo?

Tim:Ihadagoodtime.OnSaturdaymorningIplayedtennis,intheafternoonIwenttothebeach,andintheeveningIwenttoNancy’sbirthdayparty.OnSundayIwenttothemountainswithmyfriends.Mary:Oh,yourweekendwasgreat.Butminewasboring.Istayedathomethewholeweekend.Icleanedmyroomandwashedmyclothes.Ihelpedmymotherdosomehousework.Didyougoout,Dave

Dave:No,Ididn’t.IstayedathomeandwatchedTVonSaturday.YesterdayIwatchedamovie,Fearless.Itwasveryexciting.()1.Timwenttothebeachlastweekend.()2.Davewashedtheclothesandwatchedanexcitingmovie.()3.LindatalkedtoherpenpalonthephoneonSundaynight.()4.NancyhadabirthdaypartyonSaturdayevening.()5.Mary’sweekendwasgreat.Shehelpedhermotherwiththehousework.BMissLintookourclasstoBeijingCapitalInternationalAirportlastSaturday.Onthewaytotheairport,ChenLinsaidtome,“Myfatherisabusinessman(商人).Heoftengoestotheairport,butIneverwenttherebefore.”Soonwegottotheairport.Itisbigandbeautiful.MissLi,aworkerattheairport,showedusaround(帶……參觀)theairport.Shetoldusalotabouthowtheairportworked.Thereweremanypeopleatthecheck-incounter(登機手續(xù)辦理處).ThereweevenmetLinZhiling.Lotsofreporterswerearoundheraskingherquestions.ShetoldthemshecametoBeijingforaclothesshow.Atthecheck-incounterwealsometSunYunxiang.Oh,Iknowalotaboutthisboywithglasses.Heisonlyfourteenyearsold,butheisstudyinginHunanNormalUniversity(湖南師范大學).WhatdidhedoinBeijingOh,Idon’tknow.()6.________oftengoestotheairport. A.MissLin B.ChenLinC.ChenLin’sfather()7.MissLiworksas________. A.ateacher B.aworkerC.areporter()8.SunYunxiang________. A.cametoBeijingforash