初中英語五種時態(tài)講解

初中英語五種時態(tài)講解初中英語五種時態(tài)講解初中英語五種時態(tài)講解資料僅供參考文件編號：2022年4月初中英語五種時態(tài)講解版本號：A修改號：1頁次：1.0審核：批準(zhǔn):發(fā)布日期：初中英語五種時態(tài)講解一、一般現(xiàn)在時。概念：經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作或行為及現(xiàn)在的某種狀況1、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①be動詞；②行為動詞當(dāng)主語是第三人稱時，謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，加-s/es。除此之外都用動詞原形。否定形式：①am/is/are+not;②此時態(tài)的謂語動詞若為行為動詞，則在其前加don't,如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用doesn't，同時還原行為動詞。一般疑問句：①把be動詞放于句首；②用助動詞do提問，如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用does，同時，還原行為動詞。例：肯定句：主語+V原+其他。Iusuallygotoschoolbybus.主語（三單）+V三單Sheplaystennisonceaweek.疑問句：Do+主語+V原……Does+主語（三單）+V原……

否定句：主語+don’t+V原.主語（三單）+doesn’t+V原.2、用法：1、表示經(jīng)常或習(xí)慣性發(fā)生的動作。Iusuallygotoschoolbybus.2、表示客觀真理、事實(shí)。Theearthgoesaroundthesun.3、在時間、條件等狀語從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。(if,assoonas,until,when)Ifitrainstomorrow,wewon’tgotothepark.WhenIgrowup,I’llgotoParis.3、時間狀語：Always,often,sometimes,usually,onSunday,onMondayafternoon,everyday/month/year/week,inthemorning,onceayear,twiceaday,threetimesaday等例題：1.He______(be,am,is,are)ateacheratNo.2MiddleSchool.2.He______(have,has)classesintheafternoon.3.He______(get,gets)upathalfpastsixeverymorning.4.Healways_____(come,comes)toschoolontime.5.He______(study,studies)veryhardathislesson.6.Oneandtwo_____(be,is,are)three.7.Blueandyellow_____(make,makes)green.8.Theearth_____(move,moves)roundthesun.9.IwillgothereifI____(be,willbe,am,is,are)freetomorrow.10.IwillgotherewhenI_____(have,willhave,has)timetomorrow.11.Hewon’tcometothepartyunlesshe_____(be,willbe,am,is,are)invited.12.I’llwaithereuntilmymother____(come,comes,willcome)back.13.Pleasereturnthebooktothelibraryassoonasyou______(finish,finishes,willfinish)readingit.14.Onceyou_____(see,sees,willsee)him,youwillneverforgethim.⑵一般過去時。⑴表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。Igotuplatethismorning.⑵表示過去的習(xí)慣或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作。WhenIwasinthecountryside.Ioftenswamintheriver.Iusedtogofishing.結(jié)構(gòu)：基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①be動詞；②行為動詞否定形式：①was/were+not;②在行為動詞前加didn't，同時還原行為動詞。一般疑問句：①was或were放于句首；②用助動詞do的過去式did提問，同時還原行為動詞。例：肯定句：主語+V過去+其他。Wevisitedthemuseumlastweek.MyfriendTomwenttothebeachyesterday.疑問句：Did+主語+V原……Didyougoshoppingwithhim

Didshecookdinnerforherfamily?

否定句：主語+didn’t+V原……。Hedidn’tgotoseethemovielastSunday.3、動詞的規(guī)則變化。4、時間狀語：Yesterday,lastnight/week/year/month,lastSunday,in1995,theotherday,justnow,ago等例題：1.He____(be,was,were,been)hereamomentago.2.They____(be,was,were,been)herejustnow.3.Thescientists_____(leave,leaves,leaved,left)forAmericayesterday.4.Lastweekwe______(visit,visited)theScienceMuseum.5.WhenIwasachild,Ioften____(play,played)football.6.Thestudentsranoutoftheclassroomassoonasthebell____(ring,rang,rung).⑶一般將來時。用法。表示將來發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。其構(gòu)成：will+V原或shall＋動詞原形（第一人稱）表示將來發(fā)生的事情，用于征求對方的意見或表示客氣的邀請肯定句：TheywillleaveforShanghainextweek.否定句：Wewon’tvisithimtomorrow.疑問句：WillyougotoShanghaiintwoweeks?

(注：當(dāng)主語為I或we時，問句中可用shall)whereshallwemeettomorrow?begoingto+V原表示計(jì)劃、打算做某事。用來表示近期或事先考慮過的將要發(fā)生的動作以及已有跡象表明必將發(fā)生某事，意為“打算；就要”。begoingtodo將要干某事---whatareyougoingtodonextSunday---Iamgoingtolistentomusic.Lookattheclouds,thereisgoingtorain.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時be+Ving有時可以表示將來。常用這種結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞：go,come,leave,stay,start,arriveWe’releavingforLondon.例題：1._____you____adoctorwhenyougrowup

A.Will;goingtobeB.Are;goingtobeC.Are;/D.Will;be2.Idon’tknowifhisuncle_____.Ithinkhe_____ifitdoesn’train.Awillcome;comesBwillcome;willcomeCcomes;comesDcomes;willcome3.Hewillbeback_____afewminutes.AwithBforConDin4.Whattime_____wemeetatthegatetomorrowAwillBshallCdoDare5.Hewillhaveaholidayassoonashe_____theworknextweek.AfinishesB.doesn’tfinishCwillfinishDwon’tfinish6.There_____someshowersthisafternoon.AwillbeBwillhaveCisgoingtobeDaregoingtohave7.It____mybrother’sbirthdaytomorrow.She_____aparty.Aisgoingtobe;willhaveBwillbe;ishavingCwillbe;isgoingtohaveDwillhave;isgoingtobe8.LiMingis10yearsoldnow,nextyearhe_____11.AisBisgoingtobeCwillbeDwilltobebegoingto與will區(qū)別：兩者都可表示將要發(fā)生的事、將要去做某事，但它們有如下幾點(diǎn)區(qū)別：

1.begoingto表示近期、眼下就要發(fā)生的事情，will表示的將來時間則較遠(yuǎn)一些，如：

Heisgoingtowritealettertonight.

Hewillwriteabookoneday.

2.begoingto表示根據(jù)主觀判斷將來肯定發(fā)生的事情，will表示客觀上將來勢必發(fā)生的事情。

Heisseriouslyill.Heisgoingtodie.

Hewillbetwentyyearsold.

3.begoingto含有“計(jì)劃，準(zhǔn)備”的意思，而will則沒有這個意思，如：

Sheisgoingtolendusherbook.

Hewillbehereinhalfanhour.

4.在有條件從句的主句中，一般不用begoingto,而多用will,如：

Ifanybeastscomesatyou,I'llstaywithyouandhelpyou（4）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時1、構(gòu)成：肯定句：主語+is/am/are+ving疑問句：Is/Am/Are+主語+ving否定句：主語+isn’t/amnot/aren’t+ving用法：表示正在進(jìn)行的動作I’mreadingbooknow.表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動作或狀態(tài)。Theyarestudyinghardthisterm.3、時間狀語：now,thesedays,當(dāng)句中有l(wèi)ook,listen,can’tyousee,canyousee時Listen!Heissinging.例題：1.I____(write,amwriting,iswriting,arewriting)aletternow.2.Look,it_____(begin,isbeginning,ambeginning,arebeginning)torain.3.They____(study,isstudying,amstudying,arestudying)medicineattheMedicalInstituteofChengdethesedays.4.He_____(teach,amteaching,isteaching,areteaching)anEnglishlessonatthistime.(5)過去進(jìn)行時1、結(jié)構(gòu)was/were+doing2、用法①表示過去某段時間正在進(jìn)行的動作---whatwereyoudoingat9:30lastnight---IwaswatchingTV.3、when一般接一般過去時Iwasdoingmyhomeworkwhenmyfathercamehome.while一般接進(jìn)行時Whilemymotherwascleaning,Iwentout.Hewasplayingbasketballwhileshewasreadingbooks.例題：1.I_____(cook,cooked,wascooking,werecooking)breakfastwhenyouarrived.2.What____you_____(do,did,was.