新概念英語第二冊筆記-第81課

新概念英語第二冊筆記-第81課新概念英語第二冊筆記-第81課新概念英語第二冊筆記-第81課資料僅供參考文件編號：2022年4月新概念英語第二冊筆記-第81課版本號：A修改號：1頁次：1.0審核：批準(zhǔn):發(fā)布日期：Lesson81Escape脫逃【Text】Whenhehadkilledtheguard,theprisonerofwarquicklydraggedhimintothebushes.Workingrapidlyinthedarkness,hesoonchangedintothedeadman'sclothes.Now,dressedinablueuniformandwitharifleoverhisshoulder,theprisonermarchedboldlyupanddowninfrontofthecamp.Hecouldhearshoutinginthecampitself.Lightswereblazingandmenwererunninghereandthere:theyhadjustdiscoveredthataprisonerhadescaped.Atthatmoment,alargeblackcarwithfourofficersinsideit,stoppedatthecampgates.Theofficersgotoutandtheprisonerstoodtoattentionandsalutedastheypassed.Whentheyhadgone,thedriverofthecarcametowardshim.Themanobviouslywantedtotalk.Hewasratherelderlywithgreyhairandclearblueeyes.Theprisonerfeltsorryforhim,buttherewasnothingelsehecoulddo.Asthemancamenear,theprisonerknockedhimtothegroundwithasharpblow.Then,jumpingintothecar,hedroveoffasquicklyashecould.【課文翻譯】那個戰(zhàn)俘殺死衛(wèi)兵以后，迅速地把尸體拖進(jìn)了灌木叢。他在黑暗中忙活了一陣兒，很快就換上了死者的衣服。現(xiàn)在他身穿藍(lán)軍裝，肩扛步槍，在軍營門前大膽地來回走看。他聽得軍營里面的喧鬧聲。那里燈火通明，人們在東奔西跑：他們剛剛發(fā)現(xiàn)有一個俘虜跑了。正在此時，一輛黑色大轎車在軍營門口停了下來。里面坐了4個軍官。軍官們下了車，戰(zhàn)俘立正站好，并在他們從他面前經(jīng)過時敬了禮。他們走后，汽車司機(jī)向他走來，這人顯然是想聊天。他上了年紀(jì)，有著灰白的頭發(fā)和明亮的藍(lán)眼睛。戰(zhàn)俘為他感到惋惜，但卻沒有別的選擇。當(dāng)這個人走近時，戰(zhàn)俘一拳把他打倒在地，然后跳進(jìn)車?yán)?，以最快的速度把車開走了。Newwordsandexpressions生詞和短語blazeblazev.閃耀

salutev.行禮

elderlyadj.上了年紀(jì)的

greyadj.灰白的

sharpadj.猛烈的

blown.打擊prisonern.囚犯

bushn.灌木叢

rapidlyadv.迅速地

uniformn.制服

riflen.來福槍，步槍

shouldern.肩marchv.行進(jìn)

【生詞講解】1.prisoner（1）n.囚犯jailbird（2）n.俘虜POW：aprisonerofwar戰(zhàn)俘eg：Theyweretakenprisoner.他們被俘prison監(jiān)牢、監(jiān)獄（jail）beinprison＝beinjail坐牢←→breakprison＝breakjail越獄behindbard在獄中2.bush n.灌木叢（比tree低而且多枝）shrub灌木叢；arosebush薔薇叢beataroundthebush＝beataboutthebush繞彎子說話，轉(zhuǎn)彎抹角地說話beatthebush到處搜尋；bushyadj.灌木叢生的；茂密的3.rapidly adv.迅速地（反義詞slowly）speakrapidly迅速地說；speakmorerapidly更迅速地說rapid1）adj.迅速的（反義詞slow）morerapid→mostrapid2）adj.快速的、敏捷的arapidstream急流；arapidworker工作快速的人eg：Hetookarapidglanceatme.他快速的看了我一眼。eg：Rapidprogresswasmade.進(jìn)步很快。eg：Herthinkingwasrapid.她的腦筋反應(yīng)很靈敏。rapidsn.急流apidityn.迅速、速度；withrapidity非常迅速地withastonishingrapidity以驚人的速度4.uniform（1） n.制服aschooluniform校服；inuniform穿著制服outofuniform穿著便服eg：Allthestudentsmustwearuniformsatourschool.在我們的學(xué)校所有學(xué)生必須穿校服（2）adj.相同的、同行的arowofuniformbuildings一排相同的的建筑eg：Theboxesareuniforminweight.相同重量的箱子（3）adj.不變的、一定的walkatauniformpace以一定的步伐走路5.rifle n.來福槍，步槍huntingrifle獵槍；trigger扳機(jī)barrel桶；筒，槍(或炮)管；gun槍，炮machinegun機(jī)關(guān)槍；pistol手槍holdapistoltoaperson’shead拿槍舉著頭6.shoulder1） n.肩膀slopingshoulder斜肩；squareshoulder平肩eg：Shelookedoverhershoulder.她回過頭向后看。shoulders雙肩eg：Taketheresponsibilityonyourshoulders.你要自己負(fù)起責(zé)任來。eg：Myson’sfindingemploymenttookaloadoffmyshoulders.我的兒子找到工作卸下我肩上的擔(dān)子。2）肩部、路肩、肩theshoulderofamountain山肩theshoulderofavase花瓶的肩部cryonone’sshoulder向某人哭訴givesomeonetheshoulder冷淡地對待某人shouldertoshoulder肩并肩shrugone’sshoulders聳肩7.march1）v.行進(jìn)、進(jìn)軍eg：Thetroopmarchedalongthestreet.部隊沿著街道行進(jìn)eg：Themayormarchedattheheadoftheparade.市長走在游行隊伍的前頭。2）n.行進(jìn)、進(jìn)軍aday’smarch一日行軍；alineofmarch行軍路線3）n.音樂進(jìn)行曲aweddingmarch婚禮進(jìn)行曲adeathmarch送葬曲、哀樂＝afuneralmarch葬禮進(jìn)行曲4）n.發(fā)展、進(jìn)展themarchofscience科學(xué)的進(jìn)步；themarchoftime時間流逝March3月（游羅馬神話中戰(zhàn)神mars之月而來）8.boldly adv.大膽地、厚顏無恥bold1）adj.大膽的、不知害怕的、有勇氣的cowardadj.膽怯的、怯懦的timidadj.膽怯的、羞怯的aboldidea大膽的想法；averyboldaction大膽的行動boldtodosth膽敢做某事Itisboldofsbtodosth某人真大膽，竟然敢做……eg：You’reboldtoclimbthatmountainalone.＝Itisboldofyoutoclimbthatmountainalone.你真大膽竟敢獨自去爬那座山2）adj.（女性）厚顏無恥、冒失的eg：Whataboldwomansheis！多么厚顏無恥的女人！3）adj.筆畫粗的theboldoutlineofamountain山脈清楚的輪廓asboldasbrass(厚臉皮)極其厚顏無恥的9.blaze1）v.燃燒、冒火焰eg：Thefireblazedallday.火燒了一整天。eg：Thenoonsunblazedinthesky.中午的太陽在天空中閃耀2）v.發(fā)怒、激怒eg：Hewasblazingwithanger. 他怒火中燒。3）n.火焰、火苗eg：Thefireburstintoablaze.火燒得通紅。eg：Shewasrescuedfromtheblaze.她被從大火中救出。blazingadj.炎熱的ablazingsun炙熱的太陽blazer色彩鮮艷的運動上衣、顏色鮮明的運動夾克、燃燒體;發(fā)光體10.salute1）v.行禮、敬禮、問候或歡迎salutetheflag向旗幟敬禮2）n.敬禮giveasalute敬禮eg：Theofficerreturnedthesergeant’ssalute.軍官向中士還了禮.salutation[.s?lju'tei??n]n.招呼,致敬,問候n.(信函開頭)稱呼語11.elderly adj.上了年紀(jì)的anelderlygentleman上了年紀(jì)的紳士elder年紀(jì)較長的、年長的＝older（美）one’selderbrother/sister哥哥姐姐anelderson年紀(jì)較長的兒子12.grey1）adj.灰白的（gray）eg：Shehasgrayeyes.她有灰色的眼睛2）adj.（頭發(fā)）灰白的gogray＝growgray頭發(fā)變白3）adj.陰暗的、微暗的eg：Hisfutureisgray.他的未來是陰暗的grayweather陰天；graymatter（口）智力、頭腦graybeard（深謀遠(yuǎn)慮的）老人；grey-haired白發(fā)蒼蒼13.sharp1）adj.猛烈的、極劇的、凜冽的eg：Hewasattackedbyasharppaininhisstomach.他感到胃部劇痛。asharpwind刺骨的寒風(fēng)2）adj.（刀口等）鋒利的、銳利的（反義詞blunt,dull）asharpknife鋒利的刀3）adj.呈銳角的、陡的eg：Hemadeasharpturntotheright.他向右急轉(zhuǎn)4）adj.尖酸、刻薄的sharpwordsn.忿怒的話(激動的話)；asharptongue言語尖刻5）adj.敏銳的、靈敏的、聰明的、狡猾的反義詞dulleg：Dogshavesharpears.狗有敏銳的耳朵asharppolitician精明的政治家clevergifted有天分的；clevertalented有才能的cleversmart伶俐的；cleversharp精明的cleverinventive有發(fā)明才能的；clevercreative有創(chuàng)造力的cleverresourceful善于臨機(jī)應(yīng)變的sharpen.V.削尖、使變尖銳的sharpenapencilwithaknife用刀子削一削鉛筆sharp-eyedadj.洞察力敏銳的sharplyadv.14.blow1） n.打擊、毆打eg：Hegavemeablowonthehead.他打在我頭上＝Hestruckmeablowonthehead.eg：IgotsuchablowthatIfelldown.我被重重一擊而倒下。2）n.精神上的打擊、震撼eg：Myfather’sdeathwasagreatblowtome.我父親的死對我是一個很大的打擊。withoutstrikingsblow不費吹灰之力；withoneblow一拳、一擊3）v.吹、刮blow－blew－blowneg：Itisblowinghardtoday.今天風(fēng)大eg：Thewindblewfromthenorth.刮北風(fēng)4）v.（風(fēng)）吹動、被風(fēng)吹動eg：Thewindhasblownmyhatoff.風(fēng)把我的帽子刮走了。eg：Theoldtreewasblowndown.這棵老樹被強(qiáng)風(fēng)吹倒。eg：Thedoorblewopen.門被吹開了。eg：Thedoorblewshut.門吹得關(guān)上了eg：Thecurtainblewinthewind.窗簾在風(fēng)中飄動。5）v.吹氣eg：Heblewonthesouptocoolit.他吹著湯為了冷卻湯eg：Sheblewonhercoldhands.她吹著她冰冷的雙手。blowup爆炸，(被)炸飛；充氣；大發(fā)脾氣，大怒blowout吹滅(突然爆裂,吹脹,突然冒出,燒斷)blowoutacandle吹滅蠟燭【課文講解】1.Whenhehadkilledtheguard,theprisonerofwarquicklydraggedhimintothebushes.drag……into拖進(jìn)eg：Wedraggedthecarpetoutoftheroom.eg：Hedraggedthetableintothecorner.drag1)拖，拉，扯，拽

eg：Hedraggedtheheavyboxoutofhisroom.

他把這個沉重的盒子拖出他的房間。

2)（某物）在地上拖拉

eg：Yourcoatisdragginginthemud.你的大衣拖到泥上了。

3)drag（on）（乏味或惱人的事情）進(jìn)行過久，拖拖拉拉

eg：Thefilmdraggedterribly.這電影演得拖拖拉拉的。

4)dragsbintodoingsth硬拉某人做某事

eg：Shehadtobedraggedintoseeingthedentist.

她被硬拉著去看牙醫(yī)

5)n.累贅的或另人討厭的人或事物

eg：Walkingisadrag--let'stakeacar.走路太費事。我們坐汽車吧。

dragonsb/sth類最的人或事物eg：Helovesherfamily,buttheyareadragonhiscareer.他熱愛他的家庭，但是家庭卻是他事業(yè)的累贅2.Workingrapidlyinthedarkness,hesoonchangedintothedeadman'sclothes.①changeinto換（衣服）eg：Hechangedoutofhissuitintojeans.change……for……eg：I’dliketochangethisdressforanother.forachange換個口味②clothes衣服，服裝（pl.）putonone’sclothes穿衣服；takeoffone’sclothes脫衣inone’sbestclothes穿著盛裝eg：Fineclothesmaketheman.馬靠鞍裝人靠衣裳。③clothing衣著、服裝(集合名詞，指做單數(shù)，示區(qū)別于其他事物的抽象概念。)food,clothingandshelter衣食住行shelter[??elt?]n.掩蔽處；住所；保護(hù)vt.庇護(hù)vi.躲避eg：Youshouldgiveallthisoldclothingaway.你應(yīng)該把這老款衣服丟掉。④cloth（u）布（料）；（c）某種用途的布eg：IwantedtohaveasuitmadesoIboughtthreeandahalfyardsofcloth.我想做一套西服因此買了三碼半的布料。3.Now,dressedinablueuniformandwitharifleoverhisshoulder,theprisonermarchedboldlyupanddowninfrontofthecamp.dressed是過去分詞，dressedinablueuniform是過去分詞短語作伴隨狀語，表示穿著藍(lán)軍裝。witharifleoverhisshoulder,with表示伴隨情況，介詞短語作伴隨狀語march一般用于指部隊“行軍”、“行進(jìn)”，但在這里它表示“（威風(fēng)凜凜/從容不迫地）走”或“迅速地走”：

eg:Janemarchedoutoftheroomwithoutsayingaword.

簡一言未發(fā)，快步走出了房問。upanddown1）上上下下eg：Theboyswentupanddownthestonesteps.男孩子們在石階上上下下走著。2）來來去去eg：Herestlesslywalkedupanddownthehall.他不安地在大廳走來走去。eg：Shewanderedupanddownthestreet.她在馬路上來回的溜跶。4.Hecouldhearshoutinginthecampitself.Lightswereblazingandmenwererunninghereandthere.lightswereblazing燈火通明hereandthere到處、四處eg：Hewalkedhereandtherenotknowingwhattodo.他到處亂轉(zhuǎn)不知該如何是好。hereandnow立刻eg：Imustbepaidhereandnow.我要求現(xiàn)在就付錢給我。5.Theyhadjustdiscoveredthataprisonerhadescaped.Atthatmoment,alargeblackcarwithfourofficersinsideit,stoppedatthecampgates.stopat在……停下來stopin＝stopby逗留于、留在；paysbashortvisitdropinon＝dropby順便來訪,非正式訪問6.Theofficersgotoutandtheprisonerstoodtoattentionandsalutedastheypassed.standtoattention立正＝cometoattentionvi.采取立正姿勢eg：Attention！立正eg：Attention,please！請注意?。ㄓ惺路罡妫?；eg：Standatease！稍息standatattention/ease立正/稍息salute敬禮eg：Thesoldiersalutedsmartly.那個士兵行禮很有精神takethesalute還禮、接受敬禮區(qū)別：greet歡迎、迎接、打招呼eg：Hewenttothestationtogreethisfriend.他去到車站迎接他的朋友。7.Whentheyhadgone,thedriverofthecarcametowardshim.Themanobviouslywantedtotalk.Hewasratherelderlywithgreyhairandclearblueeyes.clear1）adj.清澈的、透明的eg：Thewaterinthestreamwasveryclear.溪流里的水很清澈stream[stri:m]n.小河，溪流；流，v.涌流(出)agirlwithcleareyes.有著清澈眼神的女孩子2）adj.明了的、易了解的aclearvoice清晰可辨的聲音eg：Hisinstructionswereveryclear.他講述的條理（教學(xué)(導(dǎo))）非常清楚。3）adj.無障礙的aclearspace空地；aclearview開放的視野eg：Wecancrossnow.Theroadisclear.路上沒車了，我們可以過馬路了。4）adj.明朗的、無云的onaclearday晴朗的一天5）adj.問心無愧的，無罪的aclearconscience清白的良心6）v.收拾、清除eg：Cleartherubbish,please.請收拾垃圾。clearadesk清除書桌；clearup天空放晴eg：Theskyclearedupjustaftertherain.雨后天空開始放晴clearout收拾（房間）；整理；eg:Clearoutoldclothes清除舊衣服clearancen.收拾、整理；clearancesale清理大甩賣clear-headedadj.頭腦清晰的8.Theprisonerfeltsorryforhim,buttherewasnothingelsehecoulddo.hecoulddo是定語從句，修飾nothingelse,沒有什么能做的事情，表示他無能為力，沒有別的辦法。9.Asthemancamenear,theprisonerknockedhimtothegroundwithasharpblow.Then,jumpingintothecar,hedroveoffasquicklyashecould.jump跳、蹦、躍1）v.向……跳、躍eg：Hejumpedup.jumpdownfromtheroof.從屋頂上跳下來jumpintoabus跳上一輛公共汽車jumpasidevi.跳開(閃開)；jumpforjoy歡欣鼓舞,高興得跳起來jumptoone’sfeet跳起來jumpat欣然答應(yīng)eg：Hejumpedatmyoffer.他欣然接受我的提議jumptoconclusions草率下結(jié)論2）n.跳、跳躍thehighjump跳高；thelongjump＝thebroadjump跳遠(yuǎn)thepolejump撐竿跳3）n.心跳giveapersonajump使……..嚇一跳beonejumpahead＝stayonejumpahead搶先一步driveoff＝driveaway開走drivesbtodosth迫使某人去做…eg：Povertydrovehimtosteal.貧窮逼得他去偷竊。drivesbmad逼得某人發(fā)瘋eg：Thedeathofhersondrovehermad.她兒子的死亡把她逼瘋了。eg：Failuredrovehimtosuicide.失敗逼得他自殺。driveat想說，打算eg：Whatareyoudrivingat你到底想說什么？

6.etowardssb7.feelsorryforsb8.knocksbtotheground9.driveoff10.asquicklyashecould1.dragsbintosp2.changeinto3.upanddown4.atthatmoment5.standtoattention【Keystructures：介詞at/in/to/with】draginto拖入；changeinto變成,改穿；jumpinto跳進(jìn)……里bedressedin穿著atthatmoment就在那時；stopatthecampgates停在軍營門口amanwithgreyhair頭發(fā)灰白的男子acarwithfourofficers一輛里面坐了4個軍官amanwitharifleoverhisshoulder一個人扛步槍在他的肩上knocksbtothegroundwithasharpblow將某人擊倒在地【SpecialDifficulties】區(qū)別cloth/clothing/clothes,salute/greet,clear/clean的用法Exercise：選擇正確的詞或詞組填空：1.Theguardsalutedthegeneral.2.Whenthecanalwasclear,theshipwentthrough.3.Iboughtapieceofcl