初中英語定語從句用法

初中英語定語從句用法初中英語定語從句用法初中英語定語從句用法資料僅供參考文件編號：2022年4月初中英語定語從句用法版本號：A修改號：1頁次：1.0審核：批準(zhǔn):發(fā)布日期：初中英語定語從句用法關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句在復(fù)合句中修飾某一名詞或代詞(先行詞)的從句叫做定語從句。定語從句要放在先行詞的后面，對先行詞起修飾限定作用。引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞有關(guān)系代詞that,which,who(包括它的賓格whom,所有格whose)和關(guān)系副詞where,when,how,why。關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞放在先行詞和定語從句之間起聯(lián)系作用，同時又作定語從句的一個成分。用法例句that在從句中作主語或賓語指物Ashakeisananimalthatlivesinthesea.(作主語)Themooncakethatmothercookedtastesnice.(作賓語)指人Whoisthemanthatisreadinganewspaperthere(作主語)

ThemanthatIwastalkingwithlastnightwasverytall.(作賓語)which在從句中作主語或賓語指物ThesilkwhichisproducedinSuzhousaleswell.(作主語)Thesongswhichthesingersangwereverypopular.(作賓語)“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語從句物或人Ihavealotofbooks,mostofwhichareinEnglish.which引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句物或人Theboydidn'tstudyhard,whichmadehismotherangry.who,whom在從句中分別作主語和賓語，whose在從句中作定語指人ThestudentwhositsonmyleftisanAmerican.(作主語)Thepersonwhoyoujusttalkedtoisourheadmaster.(作賓語)Iknowthewomanwhosedaughterstudiesabroad.(作定語)注意：在從句中作介詞賓語時，介詞一般可在whom,which之前（不可放在that和who之前），也可放在原來的位置。在含介詞的固定動詞詞組中的介詞則只能放在原來的位置上ThemanfromwhomIborrowedanumbrellaisafriendofmine.Thegirlwho/whomIamlookingforismysister.Theapartmentthathelivesinisveryold.=Theapartmentinwhichhelivesisveryold.when在從句中作狀語指時間Doyourememberthedaywhenhewasborn=Doyourememberthedayonwhichhewasbornwhere在從句中作狀語指地點ThisistheschoolwhereIstarted3yearsago.=ThisistheschoolinwhichIstarted3yearsago.定語從句中關(guān)系代詞只能用that的情況用法例句（1）當(dāng)先行詞是everything,anythingsomething,nothing,none,theone等不定代詞時Ihadtoremembereverythingthattheteachertoldme.（2）先行詞被序數(shù)詞或thelast修飾時Hewasthefirstpersonthatgottotheschool.（3）先行詞被all,no,some,any,little,much,few等修飾時Ihavedoneallthathetoldustodo.HehasnobooksthatIneed.（4）先行詞被形容詞最高級修飾時HeworkedoutthemostdifficultproblemthatIhadseen.（5）先行詞被thevery,theonly,thesame修飾時ItistheverybookthatIamlookingfor.（6）先行詞同時含有人和物時Thewriterandhisnovelthatyouhavejusttalkedaboutarereallywell-known.（7）先行詞是主語的標(biāo)語或關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作表語時Chinaisnolongerthecountrythatitusedtobe.典例透析例1 -IhearthatLily’sbrotherisaworkerhere.-look,theman______iswalkingoverthereisherbrother.who B.whom C.what D.which【答案】A【解析】此題考查定語從句的關(guān)系代詞。who“代替人”作主語或者賓語；whom“代替人”作賓語；what不用于賓語從句；which“代替物”作主語或者賓語。先行詞為人，在從句中作主語。故選A。例2 OneofthemostinterestingplacesinYangzhou______areoftenvisitedbyforeignersis theWestSlenderLake.A.what B.who C.that D./ 【答案】D【解析】題考查定語從句的關(guān)系代詞。句意為“被外國旅游者參觀的最著名的地方之一是瘦西湖”。先行詞是places，代替物，用關(guān)系代詞that。故選C。例3 Theywanttodevelopakindofdog-friendlyfood______willhelpdogownerscool downtheirpets.A.who B.what C.which D.whether 【答案】C【解析】此題考查定語從句。which作關(guān)系代詞，在定語從句中作主語，代替food。例4 That'stheman______housewasdestroyedinthestorm.A.that B.whose C.who D.which 【答案】B【解析】此題考查定語從句。先行詞是theman，根據(jù)后面的house可知先行詞在后面從句中作定語，A、C、D三項都沒有此功能，應(yīng)該用whose。故選B。例5 Thisisoneofthebestfilms______.A.thathavebeenshownthisyear