大學(xué)英語課件milton

Apuritanwriterwithrevolutionenthusiasm(1608–1674)Apuritanwriterwithrevol1ParadiseortheGardenofEdenParadiseortheGardenofEden2BeautifullandscapeFertilityoflandEternalspringBeautifullandscapeFertili3Paradise:associatedwithchildhood,Eden,innocenceLost:drivenouttheEdenofGardenWhatdoesitmeantobefallen:Pain,sin,sex/love,Miltonassertsthatthisoriginalsinbroughtdeathtohumanbeingsforthefirsttime,causingustoloseourhomeinparadiseuntilJesuscomestorestorehumankindtoitsformerpositionofpurity.Paradise:associatedwithchi4FallofAdamandEve:partof“LastJudgment”byMichelangeloonthealtarwalloftheSistineChapel.AdamandEvearefullofshameandfear.ThecherubinredpointsaswordtosendAdamandEveoutofEden.FallofAdamandEve:partof5

威廉·布雷克為《失樂園》繪制的插圖大學(xué)英語課件milton6InformationaboutParadiseLostMiltonbasedonParadiselostontheBookofGenesisandimitatedtheepicsofHomerandVirgilInformationaboutParadiseLos7LiterarysourcefromBibleThetemptationbySatanhumankind’sfirstactofdisobediencetowardGodtheconsequencesthatfollowedfromdisobedience,thefallofman,ortheoriginalsin,causingtheloseoftheparadise.Jesuscomestorestorehumankindtoitsformerpositionofpurity.LiterarysourcefromBibleThe8TheimitationofepicstyleMiltoninvokeshismuse,whichisactuallytheHolySpiritratherthanoneoftheninemuses.Aninvocationofthemuseatthebeginningofanepicisconventional,soMiltonisacknowledginghisawarenessofHomer,Virgil,andlaterpoets,andsignalingthathehasmasteredtheirformatandwantstobepartoftheirtradition.TheimitationofepicstyleMi9ButbyidentifyinghismuseasthedivinespiritthatinspiredtheBibleandcreatedtheworld,heshowsthathisambitionsgofarbeyondjoiningthegroupofHomerandVirgil.Butbyidentifyinghismusea10whileHomerandVirgilonlychronicledthejourneyofheroicmen,likeAchillesorAeneas,Miltonchroniclesthetragicjourneyofallmen—theresultofhumankind’sdisobedience.HomerandVirgildescribegreatwarsbetweenmen,butMiltontellsthestoryofthebattlebetweenGodandSatan,goodandevil.whileHomerandVirgilonlych11WhoisSatan?OldTestamentReferencetoLuciferNewTestamentReferencestoSatanWhoisSatan?OldTestamentRef12OldTestamentReferencetoLucifer

FallingFromHeaven

IntheKingJamesversionoftheOldTestament,thereisonlyonereferencetoabeingfallingfromheaven:

“Hellfrombeneathismovedfortheetomeettheeatthycoming…Howartthoufallenfromheaven,OLucifer…thoushaltbebroughtdowntohell,tothesidesofthepit.”(Isaiah14:9-16KJV)LuciferMeans"Light-bringer"OldTestamentReferencetoLuc13NewTestamentReferencestoSatan

FallingFromHeavenJustlikeLuciferinIsaiah,Satanfellfromheaven:Andtherewaswarinheaven…Satanwascastout(Revelation12:7-9)

SatanGoestoHell

JustlikeLuciferinIsaiah,Satangoestohell:Satanwascastoutintotheearth

(Revelation12:9)NewTestamentReferencestoSa14

SatanRadiatesLightinHisFallfromHeavenJesusassociatingagreatlightwiththefallofSatanfromheaven:IbeheldSatanaslightningfallfromheaven(Luke10:18)SatanRadiatesLightinHisF15Thus,thenameSatanisjustanothernameforthebeingcalledLuciferintheKingJamesBible,andsoitwasLuciferwhowasthrownfromheaveninRevelation.Thus,thenameSatanisjusta16WhatdidSatando?Why?SatandefiesGod’sauthority,denyinghisfate,thehierarchyWhatdidSatando?Why?Satand17ARepresentationofMilton'sVerticalCosmos

ARepresentationofMilton'sV18ThelayoutofuniversewithHeavenabove,Hellbelow,andEarthinthemiddlepresentstheuniverseasahierarchybasedonproximitytoGodandhisgrace.Thisspatialhierarchyleadstoasocialhierarchyofangels,humans,animals,anddevils:theSonisclosesttoGod,withthearchangelsandcherubsbehindhim.AdamandEveandEarth’sanimalscomenext,withSatanandtheotherfallenangelsfollowinglast.ThelayoutofuniversewithHe19ToobeyGodistorespectthishierarchy.SatanrefusestohonortheSonashissuperior,therebyquestioningGod’shierarchy.ThuscomesthefirstsinoftheSevenDeadlySins,Pride,Satan’spridetodisobeytheGod’ssupremacy.饕餮(Gluttony)、貪婪(Greed)、懶惰(Sloth)、淫欲(Lust)、嫉妒(Envy)、暴怒(Wrath)、傲慢(Pride))

ToobeyGodistorespectthis20ForSatan’sdisobedience,hewascastdownintothebottomoftheHellasthepunishment.ForSatan’sdisobedience21AdamandEveunderstandtheirdisobedienceanddecidetorepentfortheirsinsandseekforgiveness.DidSatanrepentforhisdisobedience?HisdecisiontocontinuetodisobeyGodafterFallintoHellensuresthatGodwillnotforgivehim.AdamandEveunderstandtheir22Satanliesstunnedbesidehissecond-in-command,Beelzebub,inalakeoffirethatgivesoffdarknessinsteadoflight.Breakingtheawfulsilence,Satanbemoanstheirterribleposition,butdoesnotrepentofhisrebellionagainstGod,suggestingthattheymightgathertheirforcesforanotherattack.Satanliesstunnedbesidehis23Whatthoughthefieldbelost?[105]

Allisnotlost;theunconquerableWill,

Andstudyofrevenge,immortalhate,

Andcouragenevertosubmitoryield:

Andwhatiselsenottobeovercome?

我們損失了什么了并非什么都丟光:不饒的意志,熱切的復(fù)仇心,不滅的憎恨,以及永不屈服,永不退讓的勇氣還有什么比這些更難戰(zhàn)勝的呢?Whatthoughthefieldbelost?24ThatGlorynevershallhiswrathormight[110]

Extortfromme.Tobowandsueforgrace

Withsuppliantknee,anddeifiehispower,

WhofromtheterrourofthisArmsolate

DoubtedhisEmpire,thatwerelowindeed,

Thatwereanignominyandshamebeneath[115]

Thisdownfall;他的暴怒也罷,威力也罷,決不能奪去我這份光榮.經(jīng)過這一次戰(zhàn)爭的慘烈好容易才使他的政權(quán)動(dòng)搖,這時(shí)還要彎腰屈膝,向他哀求憐憫,拜倒在他的權(quán)利之下,那才是真正卑鄙,可恥,比這次的沉淪還要卑賤.ThatGlorynevershallhiswra25sincebyFatethestrengthofGods

AndthisEmpyrealsubstancecannotfail,

Sincethroughexperienceofthisgreatevent

InArmsnotworse,inforesightmuchadvanc't,

Wemaywithmoresuccessfulhoperesolve[120]

TowagebyforceorguileeternalWarr

Irreconcilable,toourgrandFoe,

Whonowtriumphs,andinth'excessofjoy

SolereigningholdstheTyrannyofHeav'n.因?yàn)槲覀兊纳哂猩窳?’秉有輕清的靈質(zhì),不能朽壞,又因這次大事件的經(jīng)驗(yàn),我們要準(zhǔn)備更好的武器,更遠(yuǎn)的預(yù)見,更有成功的希望,用暴力或智力向我們的大敵,挑起不可調(diào)解的持久戰(zhàn)爭.他現(xiàn)在正自夸勝利,得意忘形,獨(dú)攬大權(quán),在天上掌握虐政呢.sincebyFatethestrengthof26Satan'sfirstspeech--heroicvirtuesCourageandEloquence--Agamemnon,Achilles,OdysseusLeadershipqualities--Moses,JesusDefeatedrebelsSatan'sfirstspeech--heroicv27Heiscourageous,undaunted,refusingtoyieldinthefaceofimpossibleodds,andabletostirhisfollowerstofollowhiminbraveandviolentexploits.Miltonisclearlyawareofwhathe’sdoinginmakingSatansomewhatappealingintheearlychapters.大學(xué)英語課件milton28Beelzebub'sspeechisdoubtful;henowbelievesthatGodcannotbeoverpowered.Beelzebub'sspeechisdoubtful29Satan’ssecondspeech“Fall'nCherube,tobeweakismiserable

DoingorSuffering:butofthisbesure,

Todooughtgoodneverwillbeourtask,

Butevertodoilloursoledelight,[160]

Asbeingthecontrarytohishighwill

Whomweresist.”(157-162)DoingevilsagainstGodwhostillintendstoturntheirevildeedstowardthegood.Satan’ssecondspeech“Fall'nC30IfthenhisProvidence

Outofourevilseektobringforthgood,

Ourlabourmustbetopervertthatend,

Andoutofgoodstilltofindmeansofevil;[165]

Whichofttimesmaysucceed,soasperhaps

Shallgrievehim,ifIfailnot,anddisturb

Hisinmostcounselsfromthirdestindaim.(162-168)SatanintendstodoevilsinordertodisturbGod’splanthatGodmeanstobegoodandseeksgoodfromevil.Satan’sintentionanticipateshislaterplottoattemptcorruptingmankind,God’screation.IfthenhisProvidence

Outof31“ButseetheangryVictorhathrecall'd

HisMinistersofvengeanceandpursuit[170]

BacktotheGatesofHeav'n:TheSulphurousHail

Shotafterusinstorm,oreblownhathlaid

ThefierySurge,thatfromthePrecipice

OfHeav'nreceiv'dusfalling,andtheThunder,

Wing'dwithredLightningandimpetuousrage,[175]

Perhapshathspenthisshafts,andceasesnow

TobellowthroughthevastandboundlessDeep.”(169-177)TheretreatofGod’sarmyandthecompletionofGodandhistroups’battle.“ButseetheangryVictorhath32“Letusnotslipth'occasion,whetherscorn,

OrsatiatefuryyielditfromourFoe.

SeestthouyondrearyPlain,forlornandwilde,[180]

Theseatofdesolation,voydoflight,

Savewhattheglimmeringoftheselividflames

Castspaleanddreadful?Thitherletustend

Fromoffthetossingofthesefierywaves,”(178-184)SatancallsuphisfollowersnottomissthechancewhileGodisinpeace,suggestingtogofurtherofftheburninglake.“Letusnotslipth'occasion,33Thererest,ifanyrestcanharbourthere,[185]

AndreassemblingourafflictedPowers,

Consulthowwemayhenceforthmostoffend

OurEnemy,ourownlosshowrepair,

HowovercomethisdireCalamity,

WhatreinforcementwemaygainfromHope,[190]

Ifnotwhatresolutionfromdespare.SatancoaxeshisfollowerstohavearestandthenplotaproperplantorevengeThererest,ifanyrestcanha34Satan’sunrepentantevilnatureisunwavering.Evencastdownindefeat,hedoesnotconsiderchanginghisways:heinsiststohisfellowdevilsthattheirdelightwillbeindoingevil,notgood.Inparticular,asheexplainstoBeelzebub,hewishestopervertGod’swillandfindawaytomakeeviloutofgood.Satan’sunrepentantevilnatur35WhyMiltoncreatedthefigure,Satan?RelationofParadiseLosttoMilton'sexperienceintheperiodofRestoration-obedience,monarchyandrebellion.ItseemsthatMiltonseektheliberationfromtyranny.Satan’srebelliousspeechservesthepoet’spersonalhatredoftherestoredmonarch.WhyMiltoncreatedthefigure,36Satan,onthewholeiscondemnedintheepic.InBookIheisastrong,imposingfigurewithgreatabilitiesasaleaderandpublicstatesmen,whereasbythepoem’sendheslinksbacktoHellinserpentform.

Satan,onthewholeiscondemn37Satan’sgradualdegradationisdramatizedbythesequenceofdifferentshapesheassumes.Hebeginsthepoemasajust-fallenangelofenormousstature,lookslikeacometormeteorasheleavesHell,thendisguiseshimselfasamorehumblecherub,thenasacormorant,atoad,andfinallyasnake,asainternalpunishment.Satan’sgradualdegradation38ThethemesTheImportanceofObediencetoGod

Inessence,ParadiseLostpresentstwomoralpathsthatonecantakeafterdisobedience:thedownwardspiralofincreasingsinanddegradation,representedbySatan,andtheroadtoredemption,representedbyAdamandEve.ThethemesTheImportanceofOb39TheHierarchicalNatureoftheUniverse

SatanquestionsGod’shierarchyThefallenangelshopetobeatGodandtherebydissolvewhattheybelievetobeanunfairhierarchyinHeaven.TherebelsarepunishedbybeingbanishedfarawayfromHeaveSatancontinuestodisobeyGodandhishierarchyasheseekstocorruptmankind.Likewise,humankind’sdisobedienceisacorruptionofGod’shierarchy.ButwiththeSon’ssacrifice,thishierarchywillberestoredonceagain.TheHierarchicalNatureofthe40大學(xué)英語課件milton41InDante'scosmologytheearthisatthecenteroftheuniverseandHellavastfunnel-shapedcavityorreversedconereachingfromneartheearth'ssurfacetothecenter,whichisthecenteroftheuniverse,thefarthestpointfromGod.Thesidesofthecavityformasuccessionofconcentriclevelsindiminishingcirclesastheyapproachthecentraldepth,andontheselevelsthesuccessiveclassesoftheimpenitentarepunished,eachlowercirclepunishingmoreseverelyaworseoffense.Jerusalem,astheplaceoftheCrucifixion,isthecenterofthelandhemisphere,inthelineofthecentralaxisofHell.Theotherhemisphereisallwaterexceptfortheisland-mountainofPurgatory,attheantipodesofJerusalem.Dante'sjourneyisfromtheedgeofthepit-wearenottoldwhereorhowheenters-downtothecenter,andthencontinuinginthesamedirection,upthebedofasubterraneanstreamtotheshoreofPurgatory.ItshouldbenotedthatinDante'snarrative"here"meansthepresentworld,inwhichhetellshisstory,and"there"theworldofthedead.Indialogues,ofcourse,thisusageisreversedInDante'scosmologytheeart42大學(xué)英語課件milton43TheSystemofDante'sInferno

NeutralsCircle1.VirtuousHeathenIncontinentCircle2.Lascivious

Circle3.Gluttons

Circle4.AvariciousandProdigal

Circle5.Wrathful

ViolentCircle7.(1)Violentagainstothers

(2)Violentagainstself

(3)ViolentagainstGod,nature,andartFraudulentCircle8.SimplyFraudulent(1)PandersandSeducers

(2)Flatterers

(3)Simonists

(4)Diviners

(5)Barrators

(6)Hypocrites

(7)Thieves

(8)Fraudulentcounselors

(9)Makersofdiscord

(10)FalsifiersCircle9.Treacherous(1)tokindred

(2)tocountryandcause

(3)toguests

(4)tolordsandbenefactorsTheSystemofDante'sInferno

44

Apuritanwriterwithrevolutionenthusiasm(1608–1674)Apuritanwriterwithrevol45ParadiseortheGardenofEdenParadiseortheGardenofEden46BeautifullandscapeFertilityoflandEternalspringBeautifullandscapeFertili47Paradise:associatedwithchildhood,Eden,innocenceLost:drivenouttheEdenofGardenWhatdoesitmeantobefallen:Pain,sin,sex/love,Miltonassertsthatthisoriginalsinbroughtdeathtohumanbeingsforthefirsttime,causingustoloseourhomeinparadiseuntilJesuscomestorestorehumankindtoitsformerpositionofpurity.Paradise:associatedwithchi48FallofAdamandEve:partof“LastJudgment”byMichelangeloonthealtarwalloftheSistineChapel.AdamandEvearefullofshameandfear.ThecherubinredpointsaswordtosendAdamandEveoutofEden.FallofAdamandEve:partof49

威廉·布雷克為《失樂園》繪制的插圖大學(xué)英語課件milton50InformationaboutParadiseLostMiltonbasedonParadiselostontheBookofGenesisandimitatedtheepicsofHomerandVirgilInformationaboutParadiseLos51LiterarysourcefromBibleThetemptationbySatanhumankind’sfirstactofdisobediencetowardGodtheconsequencesthatfollowedfromdisobedience,thefallofman,ortheoriginalsin,causingtheloseoftheparadise.Jesuscomestorestorehumankindtoitsformerpositionofpurity.LiterarysourcefromBibleThe52TheimitationofepicstyleMiltoninvokeshismuse,whichisactuallytheHolySpiritratherthanoneoftheninemuses.Aninvocationofthemuseatthebeginningofanepicisconventional,soMiltonisacknowledginghisawarenessofHomer,Virgil,andlaterpoets,andsignalingthathehasmasteredtheirformatandwantstobepartoftheirtradition.TheimitationofepicstyleMi53ButbyidentifyinghismuseasthedivinespiritthatinspiredtheBibleandcreatedtheworld,heshowsthathisambitionsgofarbeyondjoiningthegroupofHomerandVirgil.Butbyidentifyinghismusea54whileHomerandVirgilonlychronicledthejourneyofheroicmen,likeAchillesorAeneas,Miltonchroniclesthetragicjourneyofallmen—theresultofhumankind’sdisobedience.HomerandVirgildescribegreatwarsbetweenmen,butMiltontellsthestoryofthebattlebetweenGodandSatan,goodandevil.whileHomerandVirgilonlych55WhoisSatan?OldTestamentReferencetoLuciferNewTestamentReferencestoSatanWhoisSatan?OldTestamentRef56OldTestamentReferencetoLucifer

FallingFromHeaven

IntheKingJamesversionoftheOldTestament,thereisonlyonereferencetoabeingfallingfromheaven:

“Hellfrombeneathismovedfortheetomeettheeatthycoming…Howartthoufallenfromheaven,OLucifer…thoushaltbebroughtdowntohell,tothesidesofthepit.”(Isaiah14:9-16KJV)LuciferMeans"Light-bringer"OldTestamentReferencetoLuc57NewTestamentReferencestoSatan

FallingFromHeavenJustlikeLuciferinIsaiah,Satanfellfromheaven:Andtherewaswarinheaven…Satanwascastout(Revelation12:7-9)

SatanGoestoHell

JustlikeLuciferinIsaiah,Satangoestohell:Satanwascastoutintotheearth

(Revelation12:9)NewTestamentReferencestoSa58

SatanRadiatesLightinHisFallfromHeavenJesusassociatingagreatlightwiththefallofSatanfromheaven:IbeheldSatanaslightningfallfromheaven(Luke10:18)SatanRadiatesLightinHisF59Thus,thenameSatanisjustanothernameforthebeingcalledLuciferintheKingJamesBible,andsoitwasLuciferwhowasthrownfromheaveninRevelation.Thus,thenameSatanisjusta60WhatdidSatando?Why?SatandefiesGod’sauthority,denyinghisfate,thehierarchyWhatdidSatando?Why?Satand61ARepresentationofMilton'sVerticalCosmos

ARepresentationofMilton'sV62ThelayoutofuniversewithHeavenabove,Hellbelow,andEarthinthemiddlepresentstheuniverseasahierarchybasedonproximitytoGodandhisgrace.Thisspatialhierarchyleadstoasocialhierarchyofangels,humans,animals,anddevils:theSonisclosesttoGod,withthearchangelsandcherubsbehindhim.AdamandEveandEarth’sanimalscomenext,withSatanandtheotherfallenangelsfollowinglast.ThelayoutofuniversewithHe63ToobeyGodistorespectthishierarchy.SatanrefusestohonortheSonashissuperior,therebyquestioningGod’shierarchy.ThuscomesthefirstsinoftheSevenDeadlySins,Pride,Satan’spridetodisobeytheGod’ssupremacy.饕餮(Gluttony)、貪婪(Greed)、懶惰(Sloth)、淫欲(Lust)、嫉妒(Envy)、暴怒(Wrath)、傲慢(Pride))

ToobeyGodistorespectthis64ForSatan’sdisobedience,hewascastdownintothebottomoftheHellasthepunishment.ForSatan’sdisobedience65AdamandEveunderstandtheirdisobedienceanddecidetorepentfortheirsinsandseekforgiveness.DidSatanrepentforhisdisobedience?HisdecisiontocontinuetodisobeyGodafterFallintoHellensuresthatGodwillnotforgivehim.AdamandEveunderstandtheir66Satanliesstunnedbesidehissecond-in-command,Beelzebub,inalakeoffirethatgivesoffdarknessinsteadoflight.Breakingtheawfulsilence,Satanbemoanstheirterribleposition,butdoesnotrepentofhisrebellionagainstGod,suggestingthattheymightgathertheirforcesforanotherattack.Satanliesstunnedbesidehis67Whatthoughthefieldbelost?[105]

Allisnotlost;theunconquerableWill,

Andstudyofrevenge,immortalhate,

Andcouragenevertosubmitoryield:

Andwhatiselsenottobeovercome?

我們損失了什么了并非什么都丟光:不饒的意志,熱切的復(fù)仇心,不滅的憎恨,以及永不屈服,永不退讓的勇氣還有什么比這些更難戰(zhàn)勝的呢?Whatthoughthefieldbelost?68ThatGlorynevershallhiswrathormight[110]

Extortfromme.Tobowandsueforgrace

Withsuppliantknee,anddeifiehispower,

WhofromtheterrourofthisArmsolate

DoubtedhisEmpire,thatwerelowindeed,

Thatwereanignominyandshamebeneath[115]

Thisdownfall;他的暴怒也罷,威力也罷,決不能奪去我這份光榮.經(jīng)過這一次戰(zhàn)爭的慘烈好容易才使他的政權(quán)動(dòng)搖,這時(shí)還要彎腰屈膝,向他哀求憐憫,拜倒在他的權(quán)利之下,那才是真正卑鄙,可恥,比這次的沉淪還要卑賤.ThatGlorynevershallhiswra69sincebyFatethestrengthofGods

AndthisEmpyrealsubstancecannotfail,

Sincethroughexperienceofthisgreatevent

InArmsnotworse,inforesightmuchadvanc't,

Wemaywithmoresuccessfulhoperesolve[120]

TowagebyforceorguileeternalWarr

Irreconcilable,toourgrandFoe,

Whonowtriumphs,andinth'excessofjoy

SolereigningholdstheTyrannyofHeav'n.因?yàn)槲覀兊纳哂猩窳?’秉有輕清的靈質(zhì),不能朽壞,又因這次大事件的經(jīng)驗(yàn),我們要準(zhǔn)備更好的武器,更遠(yuǎn)的預(yù)見,更有成功的希望,用暴力或智力向我們的大敵,挑起不可調(diào)解的持久戰(zhàn)爭.他現(xiàn)在正自夸勝利,得意忘形,獨(dú)攬大權(quán),在天上掌握虐政呢.sincebyFatethestrengthof70Satan'sfirstspeech--heroicvirtuesCourageandEloquence--Agamemnon,Achilles,OdysseusLeadershipqualities--Moses,JesusDefeatedrebelsSatan'sfirstspeech--heroicv71Heiscourageous,undaunted,refusingtoyieldinthefaceofimpossibleodds,andabletostirhisfollowerstofollowhiminbraveandviolentexploits.Miltonisclearlyawareofwhathe’sdoinginmakingSatansomewhatappealingintheearlychapters.大學(xué)英語課件milton72Beelzebub'sspeechisdoubtful;henowbelievesthatGodcannotbeoverpowered.Beelzebub'sspeechisdoubtful73Satan’ssecondspeech“Fall'nCherube,tobeweakismiserable

DoingorSuffering:butofthisbesure,

Todooughtgoodneverwillbeourtask,

Butevertodoilloursoledelight,[160]

Asbeingthecontrarytohishighwill

Whomweresist.”(157-162)DoingevilsagainstGodwhostillintendstoturntheirevildeedstowardthegood.Satan’ssecondspeech“Fall'nC74IfthenhisProvidence

Outofourevilseektobringforthgood,

Ourlabourmustbetopervertthatend,

Andoutofgoodstilltofindmeansofevil;[165]

Whichofttimesmaysucceed,soasperhaps

Shallgrievehim,ifIfailnot,anddisturb

Hisinmostcounselsfromthirdestindaim.(162-168)SatanintendstodoevilsinordertodisturbGod’splanthatGodmeanstobegoodandseeksgoodfromevil.Satan’sintentionanticipateshislaterplottoattemptcorruptingmankind,God’screation.IfthenhisProvidence

Outof75“ButseetheangryVictorhathrecall'd

HisMinistersofvengeanceandpursuit[170]

BacktotheGatesofHeav'n:TheSulphurousHail

Shotafterusinstorm,oreblownhathlaid

ThefierySurge,thatfromthePrecipice

OfHeav'nreceiv'dusfalling,andtheThunder,

Wing'dwithredLightningandimpetuousrage,[175]

Perhapshathspenthisshafts,andceasesnow

TobellowthroughthevastandboundlessDeep.”(169-177)TheretreatofGod’sarmyandthecompletionofGodandhistroups’battle.“ButseetheangryVictorhath76“Letusnotslipth'occasion,whetherscorn,

OrsatiatefuryyielditfromourFoe.

SeestthouyondrearyPlain,forlornandwilde,[180]

Theseatofdesolation,voydoflight,

Savewhattheglimmeringoftheselividflames

Castspaleanddreadful?Thitherletustend

Fromoffthetossingofthesefierywaves,”(178-184)SatancallsuphisfollowersnottomissthechancewhileGodisinpeace,suggestingtogofurtherofftheburninglake.“Letusnotslipth'occasion,77Thererest,ifanyrestcanharbourthere,[185]

AndreassemblingourafflictedPowers,

Consulthowwemayhenceforthmostoffend

OurEnemy,ourownlosshowrepair,

HowovercomethisdireCalamity,

WhatreinforcementwemaygainfromHope,[190]

Ifnotwhatresolutionfromdespare.SatancoaxeshisfollowerstohavearestandthenplotaproperplantorevengeThererest,ifanyrestcanha78Satan’sunrepentantevilnatureisunwavering.Evencastdownindefeat,hedoesnotconsiderchanginghisways:heinsiststohisfellowdevilsthattheirdelightwillbeindoingevil,notgood.Inparticular,asheexplainstoBeelzebub,hewishestopervertGod’swillandfindawaytomakeeviloutofgood.Satan’sunrepentantevilnatur79WhyMiltoncreatedthefigure,Satan?RelationofParadiseLosttoMilton'sexperienceintheperiodofRestoration-obedience,monarchyandrebellion.ItseemsthatMiltonseektheliberationfromtyranny.Satan’srebelliousspeechservesthepoet’spersonalhatredoftherestoredmonarch.WhyMiltoncreatedthefigure,80Satan,onthewholeiscondemnedintheepic.InBookIheisastrong,imposingfigurewithgreatabilitiesasaleaderandpublicstatesmen,whereasbythepoem’sendheslinksbacktoHellinserpentform.

Satan,onthewholeiscondemn81Satan’sgradualdegradationisdramatizedbythesequenceofdifferentshapesheassumes.Hebeginsthepoemasajust-fallenangelofenormousstature,lookslikeacometormeteorasheleavesHell,thendisguiseshimselfasamorehumblecherub,thenasacormorant,atoad,andfinallya